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bq24171

www.ti.com

SLUSAF2B –FEBRUARY 2011–REVISED OCTOBER 2013

JEITA Compliant Stand-Alone Switch-Mode Li-Ion and Li-Polymer

Battery Charger with Integrated MOSFETs and Power Path Selector

Check for Samples: bq24171

FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

• JEITA Compatible Battery Temperature • Tablet PC

Sensing

• Netbook and Ultra-Mobile Computers

• 1.6MHz Synchronous Switch-Mode Charger

• Portable Data Capture Terminals

with 4A Integrated N-MOSFETs

• Portable Printers

• Up to 94% Efficiency

• Medical Diagnostics Equipment

• 30V Input Rating with Adjustable Over-Voltage

• Battery Bay Chargers

Protection

• Battery Back-Up Systems

– 4.5V to 17V Input Operating Voltage

• Battery Charge Voltage

DESCRIPTION

– 1, 2, or 3-Cell with 4.2V/Cell

The bq24171 is highly integrated stand-alone Li-ion

and Li-polymer switch-mode battery charger with two

• High Integration

integrated N-channel power MOSFETs. It offers a

– Automatic Power Path Selector Between

constant-frequency synchronous PWM controller with

Adapter and Battery

high accuracy regulation of input current, charge

– Dynamic Power Management

current, and voltage. It closely monitors the battery

pack temperature and allows charge only in a JEITA

– Integrated 20-V Switching MOSFETs

profile compatible window with lower charge rate at

– Integrated Bootstrap Diode

low temperature and lower charge voltage at high

– Internal Loop Compensation

temperature. It also provides battery detection, pre-

conditioning, charge termination, and charge status

– Internal Digital Soft Start

monitoring. The thermal regulation loop reduces

• Safety

charge current to maintain the junction temperature of

– Thermal Regulation Loop Throttles Back

120°C during operation.

Current to Limit T

= 120°C

The bq24171 charges the battery in three phases:

– Thermal Shutdown

preconditioning, constant current, and constant

– Battery Thermistor Sense Hot/Cold Charge

voltage. It is adjustable for up to three series Li+

Suspend & Battery Detect cells.

– Input Over-Voltage Protection with

Charge is terminated when the current reaches 10%

Programmable Threshold

of the fast charge rate. A programmable charge timer

offers a safety back up. The bq24171 automatically

– Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit

restarts the charge cycle if the battery voltage falls

• Accuracy

below an internal threshold, and enters a low-

– ±0.5% Charge Voltage Regulation

quiescent current sleep mode when the input voltage

falls below the battery voltage.

– ±4% Charge Current Regulation

– ±4% Input Current Regulation

The bq24171 features Dynamic Power Management

(DPM) to reduce the charge current when the input

• Less than 15μA Battery Current with Adapter

power limit is reached to avoid over-loading the

Removed

adapter. A highly-accurate current-sense amplifier

• Less than 1.5mA Input Current with Adapter

enables precise measurement of input current from

Present and Charge Disabled

adapter to monitor overall system power.

• Small QFN Package

– 3.5mm × 5.5mm QFN-24 Pin

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of

Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.

Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas

Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not

necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Summary of content (35 pages)

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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 JEITA Compliant Stand-Alone Switch-Mode Li-Ion and Li-Polymer Battery Charger with Integrated MOSFETs and Power Path Selector Check for Samples: bq24171 FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • 1 • • • • • • • • • • JEITA Compatible Battery Temperature Sensing 1.6MHz Synchronous Switch-Mode Charger with 4A Integrated N-MOSFETs Up to 94% Efficiency 30V Input Rating with Adjustable Over-Voltage Protection – 4.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) The bq24171 provides power path selector gate driver ACDRV/CMSRC on input NMOS pair ACFET (Q1) and RBFET (Q2), and BATDRV on a battery PMOS device (Q3).
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 PIN FUNCTIONS (continued) PIN NO. NAME TYPE DESCRIPTION 8 ACDRV O AC adapter to system switch driver output. Connect to 4-kΩ resistor then to the gate of the ACFET Nchannel power MOSFET and the reverse conduction blocking N-channel power MOSFET. Connect both FETs as common-source.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Q2 Q1 RAC: 10m System 12V Adapter C12: 0.1µ RIN 2 C11: 0.1µ C4: 10µ CIN 2.2? R11 4.02k VBAT ACN ACP CMSRC R12 4.02k D1 VREF R2 232k VREF R4 100k R1 10 BATDRV C1 1µ bq24171 ISET RT 103AT R9 6.8k VREF D3 C9, C10 10? 10? PGND SRP SRN TS R10 1.5k C8 0.1? C6 1? AVCC TTC R8 2.2k C7 0.1? REGN C3: 0.1? VREF C5 0.047? BTST OVPSET R7 100k VBAT SW ACSET R6 1000k L: 3.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 USB System PVCC ACN ACP CMSRC 1µ VREF Selectable current limit R5B 12.1k ILIM_500mA R11 5 4.7µ BATDRV ACDRV VREF 3.3mH RSR: 20m VREF bq24171 R4 100k ISET 0.047m BTST R5A 12.1k VBAT SW ACSET REGN D1 0.1m Optional 0.1m 10m10m 1m R6 400k C1 1µ AVCC PGND OVPSET R7 100k RT 103AT SRP VREF TTC R8 2.2k STAT VREF D3 R2 100k FB TS R10 1.5k R9 6.8k SRN THERMAL PAD R1 100k Figure 2.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) (2) VALUE Voltage range (with respect to AGND) AVCC, ACP, ACN, ACDRV, CMSRC, STAT –0.3 to 30 PVCC –0.3 to 20 BATDRV, SRP, SRN –0.3 to 20 SW –2 to 20 FB –0.3 to 16 OVPSET, REGN, TS, TTC Maximum difference voltage UNIT V –0.3 to 7 VREF, ISET, ACSET –0.3 to 3.6 PGND –0.3 to 0.3 SRP–SRN, ACP-ACN –0.5 to 0.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 4.5V ≤ V(PVCC, AVCC) ≤ 17V, –40°C < TJ + 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS OPERATING CONDITIONS VAVCC_OP AVCC input voltage operating range during charging 4.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) 4.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) 4.5V ≤ V(PVCC, AVCC) ≤ 17V, –40°C < TJ + 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.57 1.6 1.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) 4.5V ≤ V(PVCC, AVCC) ≤ 17V, –40°C < TJ + 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS CHARGE OVER-CURRENT COMPARATOR (CYCLE-BY-CYCLE) VOCP_CHRG Charge Over-Current Rising Threshold, VSRP>2.2V Current as percentage of fast charge current VOCP_MIN Charge Over-Current Limit Min, VSRP<2.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) 4.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 1.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 PH 5V/div PH 5V/div IL 1A/div IL 1A/div 200 ns/div Figure 7. Continuous Conduction Mode Switching 200 ns/div Figure 8. Discontinuous Conduction Mode Switching AVCC 10V/div ACDRV 10V/div IIN 1A/div ISYS 2A/div VSYS 10V/div BATDRV 10V/div IOUT 1A/div 10 ms/div Figure 9. BATFET to ACFET Transition During Powerup 200 ms/div Figure 10.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com SRN 5V/div PH 10V/div IL 1A/div 4 ms/div Figure 13. Battery to Ground Short Transition 96 94 94 92 VIN 5V BAT 3.8V VIN 9V BAT 3.8V 92 Efficiency - % Efficiency - % 90 90 VIN 15V 3 cell 88 VIN 15V 2 cell 86 88 86 84 84 82 82 80 80 0 0.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 Charge Current - A 3.0 3.5 4.0 Figure 14. Efficiency vs Output Current (VIN = 15V) 14 0 0.5 1.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 Charge Current - A 3.0 3.5 4.0 Figure 15.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM CMSRC+6V SLEEP VSRN+100mV ACN-SRN bq24171 VACN UVLO 3.6V ACOV UVLO AVCC ACDRV CHARGE PUMP SYSTEM POWER SELECTOR CONTROL 8 ACDRV 7 CMSRC ACN ACUV 4 19 BATDRV VSRN+90mV SLEEP ACN-6V 1.35V LOWV VREF 12 VREF LDO 2.05V RCHRG Thermal PAD AVCC CE BAT_OVP 2.184V REGN LDO 20 REGN 21 BTST EAI FBO 2 PVCC FB 3 PVCC 14 1V 2.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com DETAILED DESCRIPTION Regulation Voltage VRECH I CHRG Precharge Current Regulation Phase Fastcharge Current Regulation Phase Fastcharge Voltage Regulation Phase Termination Charge Current Charge Voltage VLOWV 10% ICHRG Precharge Timer Fast Charge Safety Timer Figure 17. Typical Charging Profile BATTERY VOLTAGE REGULATION The bq24171 offers a high accuracy voltage regulator on for the charging voltage.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 BATTERY PRECHARGE CURRENT REGULATION On Power-up, if the battery voltage is below the VLOWV threshold, the bq24171 applies the pre-charge current to the battery. This pre-charge feature is intended to revive deeply discharged cells. If the VLOWV threshold is not reached within 30 minutes of initiating pre-charge, the charger turns off and a FAULT is indicated on the status pins.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com POWER UP The charge uses a SLEEP comparator to determine the source of power on the AVCC pin, since AVCC can be supplied either from the battery or the adapter. With the adapter source present, if the AVCC voltage is greater than the SRN voltage, the charger exits SLEEP mode. If all conditions are met for charging, the charger then starts charge the battery (see the Enabling and Disabling Charging section).
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 The ACDRV is used to drive a pair of back-to-back n-channel power MOSFETs between adapter and ACP with sources connected together to CMSRC. The n-channel FET with the drain connected to the ACP (Q2, RBFET) provides reverse battery discharge protection, and minimizes system power dissipation with its low-RDSON.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com CHARGE UNDER-CURRENT PROTECTION After the recharge, if the SRP-SRN voltage decreases below 5mV, the low side FET will be turned off for the rest of the switching cycle. During discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), the low side FET will only turn on for a short period of time when the bootstrap capacitor voltage drops below 4V to provide refresh charge for the capacitor.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 Once the device has powered up, a 8-mA discharge current is applied to the SRN terminal. If the battery voltage falls below the LOWV threshold within 1 second, the discharge source is turned off, and the charger is turned on at low charge current (125mA). If the battery voltage gets up above the recharge threshold within 500ms, there is no battery present and the cycle restarts.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com TEMPERATURE QUALIFICATION AND JEITA GUIDELINE The controller continuously monitors battery temperature by measuring the voltage between the TS pin and GND. A negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC) and an external voltage divider typically develop this voltage. The controller compares this voltage against its internal thresholds to determine if charging is allowed.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 VREF bq24171 RT1 TS RT2 RTH 103AT Figure 21. TS Resistor Network For example, 103AT NTC thermistors are used to monitor the battery pack temperature. Select T1 = 0ºC for COLD and T5 = 60ºC for HOT, then we get RT2 = 6.8kΩ and RT1 = 2.2kΩ as in the design tool. A small RC filter is suggested to use for system-level ESD protection. MOSFET SHORT CIRCUIT AND INDUCTOR SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION The IC has a short circuit protection feature.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com Table 2 provides a summary of typical LC components for various charge currents. Table 2. Typical Values as a Function of Charge Current CHARGE CURRENT 1A 2A 3A 4A Output inductor L 6.8 µH 3.3 µH 3.3 µH 2.2 µH Output capacitor C 10 µF 20 µF 20 µF 30 µF CHARGE STATUS OUTPUTS The open-drain STAT outputs indicate various charger operations as listed in Table 3.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 APPLICATION INFORMATION INDUCTOR SELECTION The bq24171 has a 1600-kHz switching frequency to allow the use of small inductor and capacitor values.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com A cost effective and small size solution is shown in Figure 22. R1 and C1 are composed of a damping RC network to damp the hot plug-in oscillation. As a result, the over-voltage spike is limited to a safe level. D1 is used for reverse voltage protection for the AVCC pin. C2 is the AVCC pin decoupling capacitor and it should be placed as close as possible to the AVCC pin.
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bq24171 www.ti.com SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 3. The charging current sensing resistor should be placed right next to the inductor output. Route the sense leads connected across the sensing resistor back to the IC in the same layer, close to each other (minimize loop area) and do not route the sense leads through a high-current path (see Figure 25 for Kelvin connection for best current accuracy). Place decoupling capacitor on these traces next to the IC. 4.
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bq24171 SLUSAF2B – FEBRUARY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2013 www.ti.com REVISION HISTORY Note: Page numbers of current version may differ from previous versions. Changes from Revision A (April 2011) to Revision B Page • Changed publication to Rev B, October 2013 ...................................................................................................................... 1 • Changed Figure 2 diode D1 symbol to a more distinct image to show it is a Schottky diode. ..................................
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant BQ24171RGYR VQFN RGY 24 3000 330.0 12.4 3.8 5.8 1.2 8.0 12.0 Q1 BQ24171RGYT VQFN RGY 24 250 180.0 12.4 3.8 5.8 1.2 8.0 12.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) BQ24171RGYR VQFN RGY 24 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 BQ24171RGYT VQFN RGY 24 250 210.0 185.0 35.
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