Datasheet

ManualsBrandsTEXAS INSTRUMENTS ManualsPMICsPMIC - battery management Charge indicator Li-Ion SON 12 (2.5x4) Surface-mount

Battery Pack

PACK-

PROTECTION

PACK+

SDA

SCL

bq27541

LDO

REG25

REGIN

Vcc

SRP

SRN

BAT

Vss

SHDQ

bq27541-G1

www.ti.com

SLUSAL6C –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED OCTOBER 2012

Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Fuel Gauge for Battery Pack Integration

Check for Samples: bq27541-G1

FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

• Battery Fuel Gauge for 1-Series (1sXp) Li-Ion

• Smartphones

Applications up to 32Ahr capacity

• Tablets

• Microcontroller Peripheral Provides:

• Digital Still and Video Cameras

– Accurate Battery Fuel Gauging supports up

• Handheld Terminals

to 32Ahr

• MP3 or Multimedia Players

– Internal or External Temperature Sensor for

Battery Temperature Reporting

DESCRIPTION

– SHA-1/HMAC Authentication

The Texas Instruments bq27541-G1 Li-Ion battery

fuel gauge is a microcontroller peripheral that

– Lifetime Data Logging

provides fuel gauging for single-cell Li-Ion battery

– 64 Bytes of Non-Volatile Scratch Pad

packs. The device requires little system

FLASH

microcontroller firmware development for accurate

• Battery Fuel Gauging Based on Patented

battery fuel gauging. The bq27541-G1 resides within

Impedance Track™ Technology

the battery pack or on the system’s main-board with

an embedded battery (nonremovable).

– Models Battery Discharge Curve for

Accurate Time-To-Empty Predictions

The bq27541-G1 uses the patented Impedance

Track™ algorithm for fuel gauging, and provides

– Automatically Adjusts for Battery Aging,

information such as remaining battery capacity

Battery Self-Discharge, and

(mAh), state-of-charge (%), run-time to empty (min.),

Temperature/Rate Inefficiencies

battery voltage (mV), and temperature (°C). It also

– Low-Value Sense Resistor (5mΩ to 20mΩ)

provides detections for internal short or tab

• Advanced Fuel Gauging Features

disconnection events.

– Internal Short Detection

The bq27541-G1 also features integrated support for

secure battery pack authentication, using the SHA-

– Tab Disconnection Detection

1/HMAC authentication algorithm.

• HDQ and I

C™ Interface Formats for

Communication With Host System

• Small 12-pin 2.5 mm × 4 mm SON Package

TYPICAL APPLICATION

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of

Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

2Impedance Track is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

C is a trademark of NXP B.V Corporation.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.

Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas

Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not

necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Summary of content (49 pages)

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bq27541-G1 www.ti.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. DEVICE INFORMATION AVAILABLE OPTIONS PRODUCTION PART NO. (1) bq27541DRZR-G1 bq27541DRZT-G1 (1) (2) PACKAGE (2) TA COMMUNICATION FORMAT 12-pin, 2.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) VALUE MIN UNIT MAX VI Regulator input, REGIN –0.3 24 V VCC Supply voltage range –0.3 2.75 V VIOD Open-drain I/O pins (SDA, SCL, HDQ) –0.3 6 V VBAT BAT input, (pin 4) –0.3 6 V VI Input voltage range to all others (pins 1, 7, 8, 9) –0.3 VCC + 0.3 V ESD Human Body Model (HBM), BAT pin 1.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (continued) TA = -40°C to 85°C; typical values at TA = 25°C and V(REGIN) = VBAT = 3.6 V (unless otherwise noted) MIN TYP MAX UNIT V(A1) Input voltage range (TS) VSS–0.125 2 V V(A2) Input voltage range (BAT) VSS–0.125 5 V V(A3) Input voltage range (SRP, SRN) VSS–0.125 0.125 V Ilkg Input leakage current (I/O pins) 0.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATOR TA = –40°C to 85°C, C(REG) = 0.47μF, 2.45 V < V(REGIN) = VBAT < 5.5 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and V(REGIN) = VBAT = 3.6 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER f(OSC) Operating frequency f(EIO) Frequency error (1) t(SXO) (1) (2) (3) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 2.097 (2) MHz TA = 0°C to 60°C –2.0% 0.38% 2.0% TA = –20°C to 70°C –3.0% 0.38% 3.0% TA = –40°C to 85°C -4.5% 0.38% 4.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com ADC (TEMPERATURE AND CELL VOLTAGE) CHARACTERISTICS (continued) TA = –40°C to 85°C, C(REG) = 0.47μF, 2.45 V < V(REGIN) = VBAT < 5.5 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and V(REGIN) = VBAT = 3.6 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP Input leakage current (1) Ilkg(ADC) MAX 0.3 UNIT μA DATA FLASH MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS TA = –40°C to 85°C, C(REG) = 0.47μF, 2.45 V < V(REGIN) = VBAT < 5.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 I2C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS TA = –40°C to 85°C, CREG = 0.47μF, 2.45 V < VREGIN = VBAT < 5.5 V; typical values at TA = 25°C and VREGIN = VBAT = 3.6 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 300 ns 300 ns tr SCL/SDA rise time tf SCL/SDA fall time tw(H) SCL pulse width (high) 600 ns tw(L) SCL pulse width (low) 1.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com The bq27541-G1 measures charge and discharge activity by monitoring the voltage across a small-value series sense resistor (5 mΩ to 20 mΩ typ.) located between the CELL-and the battery’s PACK-terminal. When a cell is attached to the bq27541-G1, cell impedance is learned based on cell current, cell open-circuit voltage (OCV), and cell voltage under loading conditions.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 DATA COMMANDS STANDARD DATA COMMANDS The bq27541-G1 uses a series of 2-byte standard commands to enable system reading and writing of battery information. Each standard command has an associated command-code pair, as indicated in Table 1. Each protocol has specific means to access the data at each Command Code. DataRAM is updated and read by the gauge only once per second. Standard commands are accessible in NORMAL operation mode.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com Control( ): 0x00/0x01 Issuing a Control( ) command requires a subsequent 2-byte subcommand. These additional bytes specify the particular control function desired. The Control( ) command allows the system to control specific features of the bq27541-G1 during normal operation and additional features when the bq27541-G1 is in different access modes, as described in Table 2. Table 2.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 CONTROL_STATUS: 0x0000 Instructs the fuel gauge to return status information to Control addresses 0x00/0x01. The status word includes the following information. Table 3. CONTROL_STATUS Flags bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 High Byte SE FAS SS CALMODE CCA BCA RSVD HDQHOSTIN Low Byte SHUTDWN HIBERNATE FULLSLEEP SLEEP LDMD RUP_DIS VOK QEN SE = Status bit indicating the SE pin is active. True when set.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com DEVICE_TYPE: 0x0001 Instructs the fuel gauge to return the device type to addresses 0x00/0x01. The bq27541-G1 device type returns 0x0541. FW_VERSION: 0x0002 Instructs the fuel gauge to return the firmware version to addresses 0x00/0x01. The bq27541-G1 firmware version returns 0x0224. HW_VERSION: 0x0003 Instructs the fuel gauge to return the hardware version to addresses 0x00/0x01. For bq27541-G1, 0x0000 or 0x0060 is returned.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 CLEAR_HIBERNATE: 0x0012 Instructs the fuel gauge to force the CONTROL_STATUS [HIBERNATE] bit to 0. This will prevent the gauge from entering the HIBERNATE power mode after the transition to SLEEP power state is detected unless Voltage() is less than Hibernate V. It can also be used to force the gauge out of HIBERNATE mode. SET_SHUTDOWN: 0x0013 Sets the CONTROL_STATUS [SHUTDWN] bit to 1, thereby enabling the SE pin to change state.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com OFFSET_CAL: 0x0082 This command instructs the gas gauge to perform offset calibration. AtRate( ): 0x02/0x03 The AtRate( ) read-/write-word function is the first half of a two-function command call-set used to set the AtRate value used in calculations made by the AtRateTimeToEmpty( ) function. The AtRate( ) units are in mA. The AtRate( ) value is a signed integer, with negative values interpreted as a discharge current value.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 SOCF = State-of-Charge-Threshold Final (SOCF Set %) reached. True when set. DSG = Discharging detected. True when set. NominalAvailableCapacity( ): 0x0c/0x0d This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) battery capacity remaining. Units are mAh. FullAvailableCapacity( ): 0x0e/0x0f This read-only command pair returns the uncompensated (less than C/20 load) capacity of the battery when fully charged.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com MaxLoadCurrent( ): 0x1e/0x1f This read-only function returns a signed integer value, in units of mA, of the maximum load conditions of the system. The MaxLoadCurrent( ) is an adaptive measurement which is initially reported as the maximum load current programmed in Initial Max Load Current. If the measured current is ever greater than Initial Max Load Current, then MaxLoadCurrent( ) updates to the new current.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 EXTENDED DATA COMMANDS Extended commands offer additional functionality beyond the standard set of commands. They are used in the same manner; however unlike standard commands, extended commands are not limited to 2-byte words. The number of command bytes for a given extended command ranges in size from single to multiple bytes, as specified in Table 5. For details on the SEALED and UNSEALED states, see Section Access Modes. Table 5.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com BlockData( ): 0x40…0x5f This command range is used to transfer data for data flash class access. This command range is the 32-byte data block used to access Manufacturer Info Block A or B. Manufacturer Info Block A is read only for the sealed access. UNSEALED access is read/write.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 Occasionally, a data flash CLASS will be larger than the 32-byte block size. In this case, the DataFlashBlock( ) command is used to designate which 32-byte block the desired locations reside in. The correct command address is then given by 0x40 + offset modulo 32. For example, to access Terminate Voltage in the Gas Gauging class, DataFlashClass( ) is issued 80 (0x50) to set the class.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com SEALING or UNSEALING DATA FLASH The bq27541-G1 implements a key-access scheme to transition between SEALED, UNSEALED, and FULLACCESS modes. Each transition requires that a unique set of two keys be sent to the bq27541-G1 via the Control( ) control command. The keys must be sent consecutively, with no other data being written to the Control( ) register in between.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 DATA FLASH SUMMARY Table 7 summarizes the data flash locations available to the user, including their default, minimum, and maximum values. Table 7. Data Flash Summary Data Type Min Value Max Value Default Value Units (EVSW Units)* OT Chg I2 0 1200 550 0.1°C OT Chg Time U1 0 60 2 s I2 0 1200 500 0.1°C OT Dsg I2 0 1200 600 0.1°C OT Dsg Time U1 0 60 2 s OT Dsg Recovery I2 0 1200 550 0.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com Table 7. Data Flash Summary (continued) Default Value Units (EVSW Units)* 1400 0 0.1°C 1400 500 0.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 Table 7.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUEL GAUGING The bq27541-G1 measures the cell voltage, temperature, and current to determine battery SOC based on Impedance Track™ algorithm (Please refer to Application Report SLUA450 "Theory and Implementation of Impedance Track Battery Fuel-Gauging Algorithm" for more information). The bq27541-G1 monitors charge and discharge activity by sensing the voltage across a small-value resistor (5 mΩ to 20 mΩ typ.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 Table 9. Constant-Current Model Used when Load Mode = 0 LoadSelect Value 0 CURRENT MODEL USED Average discharge current from previous cycle: There is an internal register that records the average discharge current through each entire discharge cycle. The previous average is stored in this register.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com Chg Current Threshold This register is used as a threshold by many functions in the bq27541-G1 to determine if actual charge current is flowing into or out of the cell. The default for this register should be sufficient for most applications. This threshold should be set low enough to be below any normal charge current but high enough to prevent noise or drift from affecting the measurement.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 Avg P Last Run The bq27541-G1 logs the power averaged from the beginning to the end of each discharge cycle. It stores this average power from the previous discharge cycle in this register. To get a correct average power reading the bq27541-G1 continuously multiplies instantaneous current times Voltage( ) to get power. It then logs this data to derive the average power. This register should never need to be modified.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com StateOfCharge() Smoothing When operating conditions change (such as temperature, discharge current, and resistance, and so on), it can lead to large changes of compensated battery capacity and battery capacity remaining. These changes can result in large changes of StateOfCharge(). When [SmoothEn] is enabled in Pack Configuration C, the smoothing algorithm injects gradual changes of battery capacity when conditions vary.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 DETAILED CONFIGURATION REGISTERS DESCRIPTIONS The Pack Configuration Register Some bq27541-G1 pins are configured via the Pack Configuration data flash register, as indicated in Table 13. This register is programmed/read via the methods described in Accessing the Data Flash. The register is located at subclass = 64, offset = 0. Table 13.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com Pack Configuration B Register Some bq27541-G1 pins are configured via the Pack Configuration B data flash register, as indicated in Table 14. This register is programmed/read via the methods described in Accessing the Data Flash. The register is located at subclass = 64, offset = 2. Table 14.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 SYSTEM CONTROL FUNCTION The bq27541-G1 provides system control functions which allows the fuel gauge to enter shutdown mode in order to power-off with the assistance of external circuit or provides interrupt function to the system. Table 16 shows the configurations for SE and HDQ pins. Table 16.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com Table 17. SE Pin State Shutdown Mode [INTSEL] = 1 and ([SE_EN] or [SHUTDOWN] =1) [SE_PU] [SE_POL] Normal state Shutdown state 0 0 High Impedance 0 0 1 0 High Impedance 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 Interrupt Mode By utilizing the interrupt mode, the system can be interrupted based on detected fault conditions as specified in Table 20. The SE or HDQ pin can be selected as the interrupt pin by configuring the [INTSel] bit based on .
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 The [BATLOW] of Flags() is set high to indicate Voltage() is below the BL Set Volt Threshold for predefined duration set in the BL Volt Time. This flag returns to low once battery voltage is above or equal the BL Clear Volt threshold. It is recommended that the BL Set Volt Threshold is configured lower than the BL Clear Volt threshold to provide proper voltage hysteresis.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com CHARGING AND CHARGE TERMINATION INDICATION Detection Charge Termination For proper bq27541-G1 operation, the cell charging voltage must be specified by the user. The default value for this variable is in the data flash Charging Voltage.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com The bq27541-G1 exits SLEEP if any entry condition is broken, specifically when (1) AverageCurrent( ) rises above Sleep Current, or (2) a current in excess of IWAKE through RSENSE is detected when the Iwake comparator is enabled. FULLSLEEP MODE FULLSLEEP mode is entered automatically when the bq27541-G1 is in SLEEP mode and the timer counts down to 0 (Full Sleep Wait Time > 0).
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 POWER CONTROL Reset Functions When the bq27541-G1 detects a software reset by sending [RESET] Control( ) subcommand, it determines the type of reset and increments the corresponding counter. This information is accessible by issuing the command Control( ) function with the RESET_DATA subcommand. Wake-Up Comparator The wake up comparator is used to indicate a change in cell current while the bq27541-G1 is in SLEEP modes.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com COMMUNICATIONS AUTHENTICATION The bq27541-G1 can act as a SHA-1/HMAC authentication slave by using its internal engine. Sending a 160-bit SHA-1 challenge message to the bq27541-G1 will cause the gauge to return a 160-bit digest, based upon the challenge message and a hidden, 128-bit plain-text authentication key.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 HDQ serial communication is normally initiated by the host processor sending a break command to the bq27541G1. A break is detected when the DATA pin is driven to a logic-low state for a time t(B) or greater. The DATA pin should then be returned to its normal ready high logic state for a time t(BR). The bq27541-G1 is now ready to receive information from the host processor. The bq27541-G1 is shipped in the I2C mode.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com I2C INTERFACE The fuel gauge supports the standard I2C read, incremental read, one-byte write quick read, and functions. The 7-bit device address (ADDR) is the most significant 7 bits of the hex address and is fixed as 1010101. The 8-bit device address is therefore 0xAA or 0xAB for write or read, respectively.
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bq27541-G1 www.ti.com SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 I2C Command Waiting Time To make sure the correct results of a command with the 400KHz I2C operation, a proper waiting time should be added between issuing command and reading results. For subcommands, the following diagram shows the waiting time required between issuing the control command the reading the status with the exception of the checksum command. A 100ms waiting time is required between the checksum command and reading result.
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bq27541-G1 SLUSAL6C – NOVEMBER 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2012 www.ti.com REFERENCE SCHEMATIC J10 R20 4.7k MM3511 3 5 4 6 2 1 R7, R8, and R9 are optional pull-down resistors if pull-up resistors are applied.
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 20-Nov-2013 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant BQ27541DRZR-G1 SON DRZ 12 3000 330.0 12.4 2.8 4.3 1.2 4.0 12.0 Q2 BQ27541DRZT-G1 SON DRZ 12 250 180.0 12.4 2.8 4.3 1.2 4.0 12.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 20-Nov-2013 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) BQ27541DRZR-G1 SON DRZ 12 3000 338.1 338.1 20.6 BQ27541DRZT-G1 SON DRZ 12 250 552.0 185.0 36.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.