Datasheet

ManualsBrandsTEXAS INSTRUMENTS ManualsPMICsPMIC - voltage regulators - DC DC switch controllers TSSOP 24

PW RHD

CS1

CS2

CS3

CS4

CSCN

ILIM

DROOP

REF

COMP

DIFFO

VOUT

EN/SYNC

VIN

BP5

PWM1

PWM2

PWM3

PWM4

GND

PGOOD

GNDS

DIFFO

VOUT

GNDS

PGOOD

CS2

CS1

EN/SYNC

VIN

BP5

CS3

CS4

CSCN

ILIM

DROOP

REF

COMP

PWM1

PWM2

PWM3

PWM4

GND

TPS40090

TPS40091

www.ti.com

SLUS578B –OCTOBER 2003– REVISED MAY 2006

HIGH-FREQUENCY, MULTIPHASE CONTROLLER

Check for Samples: TPS40090, TPS40091

FEATURES

PW PACKAGE

• Two-, Three-, or Four-Phase Operation

(TOP VIEW)

• 5-V to 15-V Operating Range

• Programmable Switching Frequency Up to

1-MHz/Phase

• Current Mode Control With Forced Current

Sharing

(1)

Patent pending.

• 1% Internal 0.7-V Reference

• Resistive Divider Set Output Voltage

• True Remote Sensing Differential Amplifier

• Resistive or DCR Current Sensing

• Current Sense Fault Protection

RHD PACKAGE

• Programmable Load Line

(BOTTOM VIEW)

• Compatible with UCC37222 Predictive Gate

Drive™ Technology Drivers

• 24-Pin Space-Saving TSSOP Package

• 28-Pin QFN Package

• TPS40090: Binary Outputs

• TPS40091: 3-State Outputs

APPLICATIONS

• Internet Servers

• Network Equipment

• Telecommunications Equipment

• DC Power Distributed Systems

DESCRIPTION

The TPS4009x is a two-, three-, or four-phase programmable synchronous buck controller that is optimized for

low-voltage, high-current applications powered by a 5-V to 15-V distributed supply. A multi-phase converter offers

several advantages over a single power stage including lower current ripple on the input and output capacitors,

faster transient response to load steps, improved power handling capabilities, and higher system efficiency.

Each phase can be operated at a switching frequency up to 1-MHz, resulting in an effective ripple frequency of

up to 4-MHz at the input and the output in a four-phase application. A two-phase design operates 180 degrees

out-of-phase, a three-phase design operates 120 degrees out-of-phase, and a four-phase design operates 90

degrees out-of-phase as shown in Figure 1.

The number of phases is programmed by connecting the de-activated phase PWM output to the output of the

internal 5-V LDO. In two-phase operation the even phase outputs should be de-activated.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas

Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

2Predictive Gate Drive is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.

Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas

Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not

necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Summary of content (31 pages)

PAGE 1
PW TPS40090 TPS40091 RHD SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. DESCRIPTION CONTINUED The TPS4009x uses fixed frequency, peak current mode control with forced phase current balancing.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE (1) TA Plastic TSSOP (PW) (2) 40°C to 85°C OUTPUT PART NUMBER Binary TPS40090PW 3-State TPS40091PW TPS40090RHDR QFN (RHD) (3) (1) (2) (3) TPS40091RHDR For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI Web site at www.ti.com. The PWP package is available taped and reeled. Add a R suffix to the device type (i.e.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = -40°C to 85°C, VIN = 12 V, R(RT) = 64.9 kΩ, TJ = TA (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT INPUT SUPPLY VIN Operating voltage range, VIN 4.5 15 VIN UVLO Rising VIN 4.25 4.45 VIN UVLO (1) Falling VIN 4.1 4.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) TA = -40°C to 85°C, VIN = 12 V, R(RT) = 64.9 kΩ, TJ = TA (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP 4.9 5.4 MAX UNIT CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER Gain transfer 100 mV ≤ V(CS) ≤ 100 mV, VCSRTN = 1.5 V Gain variance between phases VCS = 100 mV -4% Input offset variance at zero current VCS = 0 V -3.5 Input common mode (3) 0 0 Bandwidth (3) 5.9 V/V 4% 3.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com Terminal Functions TERMINAL I/O DESCRIPTION 22 O Output of an internal 5V regulator. A 4.7-μF capacitor should be connected from this pin to ground. For 5V applications, this pin should be connected to VDD. 7 9 O Output of the error amplifier. The voltage at this pin determines the duty cycle for the PWM.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The TPS4009x is a multiphase, synchronous, peak current mode, buck controller. The controller uses external gate drivers to operate N-channel power MOSFETs. The controller can be configured to operate in a two-, three-, or four-phase power supply.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com SETTING CONTROLLER CONFIGURATION By default, the controller operates at four-phase configuration. The alternate number of active phases is programmed by connecting unused PWM outputs to BP5. (See Figure 1) For example, for three-phase operation, the unused fourth phase output, PWM4, should be connected to BP5. For two-phase operation, the second, PWM2, and the fourth, PWM4, outputs should be connected to BP5.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com When the BP5 pin voltage crosses its lower undervoltage threshold and the power-on reset function is cleared, the calibrated current source starts charging the soft start capacitor. The PGOOD pin is held low during the start up. The rising voltage across the capacitor serves as a reference for the error amplifier assuring start-up in a closed loop manner.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com OVERCURRENT PROTECTION The overcurrent function monitors the voltage level separately on each current sense input and compares it to the voltage on the ILIM pin set by a divider from the controller's reference. In case a threshold of V(ILIM)/2.7 is exceeded the PWM cycle on the associated phase is terminated. The voltage level on the ILIM pin is determined by the following expression: V ILIM + 2.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com SETTING THE SWITCHING FREQUENCY The clock frequency is programmed by the value of the timing resistor connected from the RT pin to ground. R RT + KPH ǒ39.2 10 3 f *1.041 * 7Ǔ PH (7) where: KPH is a coefficient that depends on the number of active phases. For two-phase and three-phase configurations, KPH= 1.333. For four-phase configurations, KPH= 1. fPH is a single phase frequency, kHz.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROOP In many applications, the output voltage of the converter is intentionally allowed to droop as load current increases. This approach (sometimes referred to as active load line programming) allows for better use of the regulation window and reduces the amount of the output capacitors required to handle the same load current step.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com FEEDBACK LOOP COMPENSATION The TPS4009x operates in a peak current mode and the converter exhibits a single pole response with ESR zero for which Type II compensation network is usually adequate, as shown in Figure 7. The following equations show where the load pole and ESR zero calculations are situated.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY WITH DROOP GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY WITHOUT DROOP 80 80 Converter Overall EA 60 40 Type II G - Gain - dB G - Gain - dB 40 60 Modulator 20 Droop Zero 20 0 0 Load Pole Load Pole ESR Zero -20 -20 ESR Zero -40 -40 200 200 150 150 Phase 100 Phase - ° Phase - ° 100 50 50 0 0 -50 -50 -100 -100 10 100 1k 10 k f - Frequency - Hz 100 k 1M 10 100 Figure 7.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com The droop function, as well as the output capacitor ESR, introduces zero on some frequency left of the crossover point. 1 F + DROOPZ 2p Ǔ ǒ VDROOP I OUT(max) COUT (12) To compensate for this zero, pole on the same frequency should be added to the error amplifier transfer function. With Type II compensation network a new value for the capacitor C2 is required compared to the case without droop.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com THERMAL COMPENSATION OF DCR CURRENT SENSING Inductor DCR current sensing is a known lossless technique to retrieve a current proportional signal. Equation 14 and Equation 15 show the calculation used to determine the DCR voltage drop for any given frequency.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com The following algorithm and expressions help to determine components of the network. 1. Calculate the equivalent impedance of the network at 25°C that matches the inductor parameters in Equation 18. Use of COG type capacitors for this application is recommended. For example, for L = 0.4 μH, DCR = 1.22 mΩ, C = 10 nF; RE = 33.3 kΩ.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com For the given example R1R= 0.281, R2R = 2.079, and RNTCR = 1.1. 8. Calculate the absolute value of the NTC resistor as RTHE(25). In given example RNTC = 244.3 kΩ. 9. Find a standard value for the NTC resistor with chosen curve type. In case the close value does not exist in a desired form factor or curve type. Chose a different type of the NTC resistor and repeat steps 6 to 9.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 www.ti.com Operation with Output Voltages Higher Than 3.3 V The TPS40090/91 controllers are designed to operate in power supplies with output voltages ranging from 0.7 V to 3.3 V. To support higher output voltages, mainly in 12 V to 5 V power supplies, the BP5 voltage needs to be increased slightly to provide enough headroom to ensure linearity of current sense amplifiers.
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TPS40090 TPS40091 SLUS578B – OCTOBER 2003 – REVISED MAY 2006 12V + + + + + + 1.2V/100A www.ti.com Figure 14.
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 8-Dec-2009 (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant TPS40090PWR TSSOP PW 24 2000 330.0 16.4 6.95 8.3 1.6 8.0 16.0 Q1 TPS40090RHDR VQFN RHD 28 3000 330.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.5 8.0 12.0 Q2 TPS40090RHDT VQFN RHD 28 250 180.0 12.4 5.3 5.3 1.5 8.0 12.
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PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 14-Jul-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TPS40090PWR TPS40090RHDR TSSOP PW 24 2000 367.0 367.0 38.0 VQFN RHD 28 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 TPS40090RHDT VQFN RHD 28 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 TPS40091PWR TSSOP PW 24 2000 367.0 367.0 38.0 TPS40091RHDR VQFN RHD 28 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 TPS40091RHDT VQFN RHD 28 250 210.0 185.0 35.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46C and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48B. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.