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     

SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004

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features

D Inverts Input Supply Voltage

D Up to 60-mA Output Current

D Only Three Small 1-µF Ceramic Capacitors

Needed

D Input Voltage Range From 1.6 V to 5.5 V

D PowerSave-Mode for Improved Efficiency

at Low Output Currents (TPS60400)

D Device Quiescent Current Typical 65 µA

D Integrated Active Schottky-Diode for

Start-Up Into Load

D Small 5-Pin SOT23 Package

D Evaluation Module Available

TPS60400EVM−178

applications

D LCD Bias

D GaAs Bias for RF Power Amps

D Sensor Supply in Portable Instruments

D Bipolar Amplifier Supply

D Medical Instruments

D Battery-Operated Equipment

description

The TPS6040x is a family of devices that generate an unregulated negative output voltage from an input voltage

ranging from 1.6 V to 5.5 V. The devices are typically supplied by a preregulated supply rail of 5 V or 3.3 V. Due

to its wide input voltage range, two or three NiCd, NiMH, or alkaline battery cells, as well as one Li-Ion cell can

also power them.

Only three external 1-µF capacitors are required to build a complete dc/dc charge pump inverter. Assembled

in a 5-pin SOT23 package, the complete converter can be built on a 50 mm

board area. Additional board area

and component count reduction is achieved by replacing the Schottky diode that is typically needed for start-up

into load by integrated circuitry.

The TPS6040x can deliver a maximum output current of 60 mA with a typical conversion efficiency of greater

than 90% over a wide output current range. Three device options with 20-kHz, 50-kHz, and 250-kHz fixed

frequency operation are available. One device comes with a variable switching frequency to reduce operating

current in applications with a wide load range and enables the design with low-value capacitors.

typical application circuit

TPS60400

FLY−

FLY+

OUTIN

GND

1 µF

Output

−1.6 V to −5.5 V,

Max 60 mA

Input

1.6 V to 5.5 V

(fly)

1 µF

−5

−4

−3

−2

−1

012345

= 60 mA

= 30 mA

= 1 mA

= 25°C

− Input Voltage − V

− Output Voltage − V

TPS60400

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

INPUT VOLTAGE

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of

Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

DBV PACKAGE

(TOP VIEW)

OUT

FLY−

FLY+

GND

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Summary of content (28 pages)

PAGE 1
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 features applications D Inverts Input Supply Voltage D Up to 60-mA Output Current D Only Three Small 1-µF Ceramic Capacitors D D D D D D Needed D Input Voltage Range From 1.6 V to 5.
PAGE 2
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 AVAILABLE OPTIONS PART NUMBER† MARKING DBV PACKAGE TYPICAL FLYING CAPACITOR [µF] FEATURE TPS60400DBV PFKI 1 Variable switching frequency 50 kHz−250 kHz TPS60401DBV PFLI 10 Fixed frequency 20 kHz TPS60402DBV PFMI 3.3 Fixed frequency 50 kHz TPS60403DBV PFNI 1 Fixed frequency 250 kHz † The DBV package is available taped and reeled. Add R suffix to device type (e.g.
PAGE 3
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 detailed description operating principle The TPS60400, TPS60401 charge pumps invert the voltage applied to their input. For the highest performance, use low equivalent series resistance (ESR) capacitors (e.g., ceramic). During the first half-cycle, switches S2 and S4 open, switches S1 and S3 close, and capacitor (C(fly)) charges to the voltage at VI.
PAGE 4
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 efficiency considerations (continued) The efficiency of the TPS6040x devices is dominated by their quiescent supply current at low output current and by their output impedance at higher current. h^ IO IO ) IQ ǒ I 1* O RO VI Ǔ Where, IQ = quiescent current. capacitor selection To maintain the lowest output resistance, use capacitors with low ESR (see Table 1).
PAGE 5
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 detailed description (continued) Table 2. Recommended Capacitors MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER SIZE CAPACITANCE TYPE Taiyo Yuden EMK212BJ474MG LMK212BJ105KG LMK212BJ225MG EMK316BJ225KL LMK316BJ475KL JMK316BJ106KL 0805 0805 0805 1206 1206 1206 0.47 µF 1 µF 2.2 µF 2.2 µF 4.
PAGE 6
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 recommended operating conditions MIN Input voltage range, VI NOM 1.8 MAX 5.
PAGE 7
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE η Efficiency vs Output current at 3.
PAGE 8
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS60400, TPS60401 INPUT CURRENT vs OUTPUT CURRENT TPS60402, TPS60403 INPUT CURRENT vs OUTPUT CURRENT 100 100 TA = 25°C TPS60400 VI = 5 V I I − Input Current − mA I I − Input Current − mA TA = 25°C 10 TPS60401 VI = 5 V TPS60401 VI = 2 V 1 TPS60403 VI = 5 V 10 TPS60403 VI = 2 V 1 TPS60402 VI = 5 V TPS60400 VI = 2 V 0.1 0.
PAGE 9
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS60400 TPS60401 OUTPUT RESISTANCE vs INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT RESISTANCE vs INPUT VOLTAGE 40 40 IO = 30 mA CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF 30 30 ro − Output Resistance − Ω ro − Output Resistance − Ω 35 IO = 30 mA CI = C(fly) = CO = 10 µF 35 25 TA = 85°C 20 TA = 25°C 15 10 25 20 TA = 25°C 15 10 5 5 TA = −40°C TA = −40°C 0 0 1 2 3 4 VI − Input Voltage
PAGE 10
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS60400 TPS60401 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 0 0 TA = 25°C −1 VI = 1.8 V VI = 1.8 V VO − Output Voltage − V VO − Output Voltage − V −1 TA = 25°C VI = 2.5 V −2 −3 VI = 3.3 V −4 VI = 5 V −5 −6 VI = 2.5 V −2 VI = 3.
PAGE 11
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS60400 TPS60401 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 24 250 23.8 f osc− Oscillator Frequency − kHz f osc− Oscillator Frequency − kHz IO = 10 mA VI = 1.8 V 200 150 VI = 2.5 V VI = 3.3 V 100 VI = 5 V 50 IO = 10 mA 23.6 VI = 3.3 V 23.4 VI = 5 V 23.2 23 VI = 2.5 V 22.8 22.6 VI = 1.8 V 22.4 22.
PAGE 12
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TPS60400 TPS60401, TPS60402 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs TIME 300 VI = 5 V IO = 30 mA TPS60401 VI = 3.3 V 250 VI = 1.
PAGE 13
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION voltage inverter The most common application for these devices is a charge-pump voltage inverter (see Figure 23). This application requires only two external components; capacitors C(fly) and CO, plus a bypass capacitor, if necessary. Refer to the capacitor selection section for suggested capacitor types.
PAGE 14
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION RC-post filter VI C(fly) 1 2 3 1 µF OUT C1+ TPS60400 IN C1− GND 5 RP 4 VO (−VI) CI 1 µF CO 1 µF CP GND GND Figure 24. TPS60400 and TPS60401 With RC-Post Filter An output filter can easily be formed with a resistor (RP) and a capacitor (CP).
PAGE 15
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION Table 4. Measurement Results on the TPS60400 (Typical) CI [µF] C(fly) [µF] CO [µF] CERAMIC CERAMIC CERAMIC 1 1 60 1 5 60 5 60 5 5 CP [µF] BW = 500 MHz VPOUT VP−P[mV] BW = 20 MHz VPOUT VP−P[mV] VPOUT VACeff [mV] 1 320 240 65 1 2.2 120 240 32 1 1 1 0.1 (X7R) 260 200 58 1 1 1 0.1 0.1 (X7R) 220 200 60 60 1 1 2.2 0.
PAGE 16
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION combined doubler/inverter In the circuit of Figure 27, capacitors CI, C(fly), and CO form the inverter, while C1 and C2 form the doubler. C1 and C(fly) are the flying capacitors; CO and C2 are the output capacitors. Because both the inverter and doubler use part of the charge-pump circuit, loading either output causes both outputs to decline toward GND.
PAGE 17
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION paralleling devices Paralleling multiple TPS6040xs reduces the output resistance. Each device requires its own flying capacitor (C(fly)), but the output capacitor (CO) serves all devices (see Figure 29). Increase CO’s value by a factor of n, where n is the number of parallel devices. Equation 1 on page 3 shows the equation for calculating output resistance.
PAGE 18
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION shutting down the TPS6040x If shutdown is necessary, use the circuit in Figure 32. The output resistance of the TPS6040x will typically be 15 Ω plus two times the output resistance of the buffer. Connecting multiple buffers in parallel can reduce the output resistance of the buffer driving the IN pin.
PAGE 19
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION GaAs supply (continued) RPMAX can be calculated using the following equation: R PMAX + ǒ V CO * V O IO * RO Ǔ With: VCO = −3.3 V; VO = −2.7 V; IO = −3 mA RPMAX = 200 Ω − 52 Ω = 148 Ω A 100-Ω resistor was selected for RP. The reference voltage across R2 is 1.24 V typical. With 5-µA current for the voltage divider, R2 gets: R2 + 1.24 V [ 250 kW 5 mA R1 + 2.
PAGE 20
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION 5V6 VI C(fly) 1 µF 1 OUT 2 3 C1+ 5 TPS60400 IN C1− GND 4 CI 1 µF VO (VI/2) CO 1 µF GND GND Figure 36. power dissipation As given in the data sheet, the thermal resistance of the unsoldered package is RθJA = 347°C/W. Soldered on the EVM, a typical thermal resistance of RθJA(EVM) = 180°C/W was measured.
PAGE 21
SLVS324A − JULY 2001 REVISED NOVEMBER 2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION layout and board space All capacitors should be soldered as close as possible to the IC. A PCB layout proposal for a single-layer board is shown in Figure 37. Care has been taken to connect all capacitors as close as possible to the circuit to achieve optimized output voltage ripple performance. CFLY IN CIN COUT OUT GND U1 TPS60400 Figure 37.
PAGE 22
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
PAGE 23
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 11-Apr-2013 LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
PAGE 24
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 5-Mar-2014 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) TPS60400DBVR SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 178.0 9.0 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 3.23 3.17 1.37 4.0 8.0 Q3 TPS60400DBVT SOT-23 DBV 5 250 178.0 9.0 3.23 3.17 1.37 4.0 8.0 Q3 TPS60401DBVR SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 178.0 9.0 3.3 3.2 1.4 4.0 8.
PAGE 25
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 5-Mar-2014 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TPS60400DBVR SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 180.0 180.0 18.0 TPS60400DBVT SOT-23 DBV 5 250 180.0 180.0 18.0 TPS60401DBVR SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 180.0 180.0 18.0 TPS60401DBVT SOT-23 DBV 5 250 180.0 180.0 18.0 TPS60402DBVR SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 180.0 180.0 18.0 TPS60402DBVT SOT-23 DBV 5 250 180.0 180.0 18.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.