User's Manual Part 1

Surveying with the Receiver
P/N 7010-0713
3-5
Surveying with the Receiver
The receiver can be used to perform Static, Kinemati, and Real-time
kinematic (RTK) surveying.
NOTICE
NOTICE
To comply with RF exposure requirements, maintain at
least 25cm between the user and the radio modem.
Static Survey
Static surveying is the classic survey method, well suited for all kinds
of baselines (short, medium, long). At least two receiver antennas,
plumbed over survey marks, simultaneously collect raw data at each
end of a baseline during a certain period of time. These two receivers
track four or more common satellites, have a common data logging
rate (5–30 seconds), and the same elevation mask angles. The length
of the observation sessions can vary from a few minutes to several
hours. The optimal observation session length depends on the
surveyor’s experience as well as the following factors:
• The length of the baseline measured
• The number of satellites in view
• The satellite geometry (DOP)
• The antenna’s location
• The ionospheric activity level
• The types of receivers used
• The accuracy requirements
• The necessity of resolving carrier phase ambiguities
Generally, single-frequency receivers are used for baselines whose
lengths do not exceed 15 kilometers (9.32 miles). For baselines of 15
kilometers or greater, use dual-frequency receivers.
Dual-frequency receivers have two major benefits. First, dual-
frequency receivers can estimate and remove almost all ionospheric
effect from the code and carrier phase measurements, providing much