)RUP 1R FP 5HF\FOHUÇ 0DQXHOO PRWRUGULYHQ JUlVNOLSSDUH 0RGHOO QU RFK XSS 0RGHOO QU RFK XSS %UXNVDQYLVQLQJ 6YHQVND 6
,QQHKnOO ,QOHGQLQJ 6lNHUKHWVI|UHVNULIWHU $OOPlQQD VlNHUKHWVI|UHVNULIWHU I|U JUlVNOLSSDUH /MXGWU\FNVQLYn /MXGVW\UND 9LEUDWLRQVQLYn 6\PEROHU
/nW DOGULJ SHUVRQHU VRP LQWH KDU EHNDQWDW VLJ PHG LQVWUXNWLRQHUQD DQYlQGD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ 7Yn DQGUD RUG DQYlQGV RFNVn I|U DWW PDUNHUD LQIRUPDWLRQ 9LNWLJW JHU OlVDUHQ VSHFLHOO PHNDQLVN LQIRUPDWLRQ RFK 2EVHUYHUD EHWRQDU DOOPlQ LQIRUPDWLRQ VRP E|U JHV VlUVNLOG XSSPlUNVDPKHW .OLSS DOGULJ RP PlQQLVNRU VlUVNLOW EDUQ HOOHU VlOOVNDSVGMXU EHILQQHU VLJ L QlUKHWHQ 6WlQJ DY JUlVNOLSSDUHQ RP QnJRQ NRPPHU L QlUKHWHQ DY NOLSSRPUnGHW 6lNHUKHWVI|UHVNULIWHU 7UDJLVND RO\FNRU NDQ LQWUlIID RP RSHUDW|UHQ LQWH lU XS
LQQDQ XWNDVWDUHQ UHQVDV .RQWUROOHUD DWW NQLYDU NQLYEXOWDU RFK NOLSSDJJUHJDW LQWH lU VOLWQD HOOHU VNDGDGH I|UH N|UQLQJ %\W XW VOLWQD HOOHU VNDGDGH NQLYDU RFK EXOWDU L VDWVHU Vn DWW EDODQVHULQJHQ ELEHKnOOV I|UH NRQWUROO UHQJ|ULQJ RFK DUEHWH Sn NOLSSDUHQ QlU HWW I|UHPnO EOLYLW SnN|UW .
2P GX EHK|YHU WDSSD DY EUlQVOH IUnQ EUlQVOHWDQNHQ VNDOO GHWWD J|UDV XWRPKXV %\W XW VOLWQD RFK VNDGDGH GHODU 9DU H[WUD I|UVLNWLJW YLG KDQWHULQJ DY EHQVLQ HIWHUVRP EHQVLQnQJRU lU H[SORVLYD .|S HQGDVW 7RUR RULJLQDOUHVHUYGHODU RFK WLOOEHK|U I|U DWW VlNHUVWlOOD ElVWD SUHVWDQGD RFK K|JVWD VlNHUKHW 0L[WUD DOGULJ PHG VlNHUKHWVEU\WDUQD .RQWUROOHUD GHP UHJHOEXQGHW I|U DWW I|UVlNUD NRUUHNW GULIW 8QGHUKnOO HOOHU E\W HIWHU EHKRY XW GHNDOHU PHG VlNHUKHWVDQYLVQLQJDU RFK LQVWUXNWLRQHU +nOO JUlVNO
+nOO GLJ Sn VlNHUW DYVWnQG IUnQ PDVNLQHQ 2OMD +nOO HU Sn VlNHUW DYVWnQG IUnQ PDVNLQHQ 7LOO .|U .ULQJIO\JDQGH I|UHPnO KHOD NURSSHQ L ULVN]RQHQ .RSSOD LQ .DVWDGH RFK RPNULQJ IO\JDQGH I|UHPnO ² 6LGR PRQWHUDG URWRUNOLSSDUH +nOO VWUnOULNWDUVN\GGHW Sn SODWV .RSSOD XU 6WlQJ DY PRWRUQ LQQDQ GX OlPQDU DUEHWVSRVLWLRQHQ %DWWHULNRQGLWLRQ 7LPPlWDUH DQWDO WLOOU\JJDODJGD GULIWWLPPDU %UlQVOH 6QDEEW 1HXWUDOOlJH 6DNWD )|UVWD Yl[HOQ 0LQVNDU gNDU $QGUD Yl[HOQ 6P|UMSXQNW 7UHDQV Yl[HO
6WDUWD PRWRU .OLSSHOHPHQW JUXQGV\PERO 6WDQQD PRWRU .OLSSHOHPHQW K|MGLQVWlOOQLQJ &KRNH 9ULG Q\FNHOQ L WlQGQLQJVOnVHW 6QDSVSXPS VWDUWKMlOS )O\WWD UHJODJHW 6QDSVD WUH JnQJHU 'UDJ L VQ|UHW .DVWD ERUW EDWWHULHUQD Sn OlPSOLJW VlWW +MXO 6lWW L Q\FNHOQ L WlQGQLQJVOnVHW +MXOGULYQLQJ
0RQWHULQJ $YOlJVQD KDQGWDJVUDWWDUQD RFK GH RYDOD KXYXGEXOWDUQD IUnQ KDQGWDJHWV |YUH GHO 2EVHUYHUD 9lQVWHU RFK K|JHU VLGD Sn PDVNLQHQ lU OLND PHG DQYlQGDUHQV YlQVWUD UHVSHNWLYH K|JUD VLGD YLG QRUPDO N|UQLQJ 0RQWHUD Sn GHQ |YUH KDQGWDJVGHOHQ Sn GHQ QHGUH KDQGWDJVGHOHQ PHG GH RYDOD KXYXGEXOWDUQD RFK KDQGWDJVUDWWDUQD HQOLJW DQYLVQLQJDUQD L ILJXU 'UDJ nW KDQGWDJVUDWWDUQD KnUW 3DFND XSS JUlVNOLSSDUHQ 2EVHUYHUD 6H WLOO DWW NDEODUQD RFK HO LVROHULQJHQ KDU GUDJLWV HQOLJW DQYLVQLQJDUQD L ILJXU
)|UH VWDUW )\OOD EHQVLQ L EUlQVOHWDQNHQ $QYlQG UHQ IlUVN EO\IUL EHQVLQ LQNOXVLYH V\UHVDWW HOOHU RPVDPPDQVDWW EHQVLQ PHG RNWDQWDO HOOHU K|JUH I|U ElVWD UHVXOWDW .|S EDUD Vn P\FNHW VRP JnU nW LQRP HQ PnQDG Vn lU GHQ JDUDQWHUDW IlUVN *HQRP DWW DQYlQGD EO\IUL EHQVLQ XSSVWnU PLQVNDG DYVlWWQLQJ L H[SORVLRQV NDPPDUHQ RFK PRWRUQ YDUDU OlQJUH 'HW JnU DWW DQYlQGD EO\KDOWLJ EHQVLQ RP EO\IUL LQWH lU WLOOJlQJOLJ )\OOD Sn ROMD L YHYKXVHW 9HYKXVHW U\PPHU OLWHU ROMD $QYlQG HQGDVW K|J NYDOLWDWLYD UHQDQG
6H WLOO DWW GULYQLQJVIXQNWLRQHQ HQGDVW PRGHOOHU PHG GULYQLQJVIXQNWLRQ RFK NQLYUHJODJHW IXQJHUDU NRUUHNW LQQDQ GX E|UMDU DUEHWHW YDUMH JnQJ GX WlQNHU DQYlQGD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ 1lU GX VOlSSHU NQLYUHJODJHW E|U PRWRUQ RFK GULYQLQJVIXQNWLRQHQ VWDQQD 2P GH LQWH J|U GHW NRQWDNWD HQ DXNWRULVHUDG nWHUI|UVlOMDUH )DUD 9LG EHQVLQSnI\OOQLQJ NDQ XQGHU YLVVD EHWLQJHOVHU JQLVWRU IUnQ VWDWLVN HOHNWULFLWHW ELOGDV RFK DQWlQGD EHQVLQHQ %UDQG HOOHU H[SORVLRQ L EHQVLQ NDQ RUVDND EUlQQVNDGRU VDPW PDWHULHOOD VNDGRU 5HJODJH
2EVHUYHUD 2P WHPSHUDWXUHQ OLJJHU Sn E& HOOHU PLQGUH VQDSVDU GX IHP JnQJHU RFK YlQWDU WYn VHNXQGHU PHOODQ YDUMH VQDSVQLQJ 2EVHUYHUD *UlVNOLSSDUHQ GULYHU VLJ VMlOY L PD[LPDO KDVWLJKHW QlU GX VNMXWHU IUDP GHW |YUH KDQGWDJHW Vn OnQJW VRP P|MOLJW 2EVHUYHUD 6QDSVD LQWH I|U DWW VWDUWD HQ YDUP PRWRU HIWHU NRUWYDULJ DYVWlQJQLQJ 2P GHW lU NDOOW NDQ GHW GRFN YDUD Q|GYlQGLJW DWW VQDSVD PRWRUQ LJHQ 6DNWD QHU GULYQLQJHQ JHQRP DWW KHOW HQNHOW Jn OnQJVDPPDUH VWDQQD GULYQLQJHQ JHQRP DWW VMlOY VWDQQD ILJ
$QYlQGD JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ 6WlQJ DY PRWRUQ RFK YlQWD WLOOV DOOD U|UOLJD GHODU VWDQQDW ,EODQG NDQ GX YLOMD DQYlQGD JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ I|U IURGLJW JUlV HOOHU O|Y )|UIO\WWD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ WLOO JUlVPDWWDQ VWDQQD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ QlU 6PDUW:KHHO ELOGHQ Sn GHW HQD EDNKMXOHW lU XSSUlWW ILJ 0RQWHUD JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ $QYlQG 6PDUW:KHHO ELOGHQ I|U DWW MlPI|UD JUlVHWV VSHWVDU PHG ERNVWlYHUQD Sn KMXOHW 'HQ ERNVWDY Sn 6PDUW:KHHO VRP |YHUHQVVWlPPHU PHG JUlVVSHWVDUQD lU GHQ NRUUHNWD NOLSSK|MGHQ 6WlQJ DY PRW
7D ERUW JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ %DNUH XWNDVW 6WlQJ DY PRWRUQ RFK YlQWD WLOOV DOOD U|UOLJD GHODU VWDQQDW ,EODQG NDQ GHW YDUD Q|GYlQGLJW DWW NOLSSD JUlVPDWWDQ XWDQ JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ HOOHU nWHUYLQQLQJVSOXJJHQ QlU JUlVHW lU I|U K|JW I|U DWW Jn LQ L SnVHQ )DUD )|U DWW DQYlQGD XWNDVWDUHQ WDU GX ERUW nWHUYLQQLQJV SOXJJHQ HOOHU JUlVXSSVDPODUHQ VH 7D ERUW JUlVXSS VDPODUHQ Sn VLGD RFK VWlQJ GHQ EDNUH OXFNDQ 2P GHQ EDNUH OXFNDQ LQWH NDQ VWlQJDV RUGHQWOLJW NDQ JUlVNOLSSDUHQ NRPPD DWW NDVWD I|UHPnO RFK RUVDND D
5HQJ|U JUlVNOLSSDUGlFNHWV XQGHUVLGD HIWHU YDUMH NOLSSQLQJVWLOOIlOOH 6H 5HQJ|UD XQGHUVLGDQ DY JUlVNOLSSDUNnSDQ VLGD 2P GX LQWH lU Q|MG PHG XWVHHQGHW Sn GHQ IlUGLJNOLSSWD JUlVPDWWDQ I|UV|NHU GX PHG HQ HOOHU IOHUD DY I|OMDQGH nWJlUGHU +nOO PRWRUQ L JRWW DUEHWVVNLFN 6OLSD NQLYHQ *n OnQJVDPW QlU GX NOLSSHU 9DUQLQJ +|M NOLSSK|MGHQ Sn GLQ JUlVNOLSSDUH .
8QGHUKnOO 2EVHUYHUD 9lQVWHU RFK K|JHU VLGD Sn PDVNLQHQ lU OLND PHG DQYlQGDUHQV YlQVWUD UHVSHNWLYH K|JUD VLGD YLG QRUPDO N|UQLQJ 5HNRPPHQGHUDW XQGHUKnOO 8QGHUKnOOVLQWHUYDOO 8QGHUKnOOVI|UIDUDQGH 9DUMH N|UQLQJ .RQWUROOHUD ROMHQLYnQ L PRWRUQ .RQWUROOHUD NQLYEURPVHQV VWRSSWLG .
.RQWUROO DY ROMHQLYnQ L PRWRUQ 6NUXYD Sn YDWWQHW Sn K|JW WU\FN 6WDUWD PRWRUQ ,QQDQ GX E|UMDU DQYlQGD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ E|U GX VH WLOO DWW ROMHQLYnQ OLJJHU PHOODQ PDUNHULQJDUQD $GG RFK )XOO Sn ROMHVWLFNDQ ILJ 2P ROMHQLYnQ OLJJHU XQGHU PDUNHULQJHQ $GG WLOOVlWWHU GX ROMD 6H DYVQLWWHW )\OOD Sn ROMD L YHYKXVHW VLGD /nW JUlVNOLSSDUHQ N|UD L WYn PLQXWHU 6WlQJ DY PRWRUQ RFK YlQWD WLOOV DOOD U|UOLJD GHODU VWDQQDW 6WlQJ DY YDWWQHW 5HQJ|UD XQGHUVLGDQ DY JUlVNOLSSDUNnSDQ 7DJ ERUW NRSS
)\OO EUlQVOHWDQNHQ 5HQJ|U UXQW WlQGVWLIWHW 6lWW Sn WlQGNDEHOQ Sn WlQGVWLIWHW 6NUXYD ERUW WlQGVWLIWHW XU F\OLQGHUWRSSHQ 9LNWLJW (WW VSUXFNHW VNDGDW HOOHU VPXWVLJW WlQGVWLIW PnVWH E\WDV XW 5HQJ|U LQWH HOHNWURGHUQD HIWHUVRP JUXV NDQ WD VLJ LQ RUVDND VNDGRU Sn PRWRUQ 5HQJ|UD XWNDVWDUWXQQHO RFK nWHUYLQQLQJVSOXJJ 6WlOO LQ JDSHW Sn GHW Q\D VWLIWHW WLOO PP ILJ 5HQJ|U XWNDVWDUWXQQHOQ RFK nWHUYLQQLQJVSOXJJHQ HIWHU YDUMH DQYlQGQLQJVWLOOIlOOH I|U DWW I|UVlNUD ElVWD SUHVWDQGD 1lU J
%\WH DY PRWRUROMD 6NMXW QHU UHPVW\UQLQJHQ WLOOV GHQ YLGU|U JUlVNOLSSDUHQ RFK KnOO GHQ GlUHIWHU Sn SODWV ILJ %\W ROMD HIWHU GH IHP I|UVWD GULIWWLPPDUQD RFK GlUHIWHU YDU H GULIWWLPPH HOOHU YDUMH VlVRQJ .|U PRWRUQ SUHFLV LQQDQ ROMDQ VND E\WDV I|U DWW YlUPD XSS ROMDQ 9DUP ROMD ULQQHU OlWWDUH RFK I|U PHG VLJ PHU I|URUHQLQJDU 2EVHUYHUD %\W ROMDQ YDU H GULIWWLPPH YLG K|J DUEHWVEHODVWQLQJ HOOHU YLG K|JD WHPSHUDWXUHU 7|PPD ROMDQ RYDQI|U JUlVNOLSSDUGlFNHW )|UHGUDJHQ PHWRG 7D ERUW JUlVXS
7|PPD ROMDQ XQGHU JUlVNOLSSDUGlFNHW $OWHUQDWLY PHWRG )\OO YHYKXVHW PHG IlUVN ROMD WLOO PDUNHULQJHQ )XOO Sn ROMHVWLFNDQ 6H DYVQLWWHW )\OOD Sn ROMD L YHYKXVHW VLGD 2EVHUYHUD 'X EHK|YHU HQ WXP VSlUUDQRUGQLQJV I|UOlQJDUH I|U DWW JHQRPI|UD GHQQD SURFHGXU 6lWW L ROMHVWLFNDQ 7RUND XSS DOO XWVSLOOG ROMD 9DUQLQJ 6lWW Sn WlQGNDEHOQ Sn WlQGVWLIWHW /lPQD LQ I|UEUXNDG ROMD Sn JRGNlQG nWHUYLQQLQJV VWDWLRQ .
.RQWUROO DY NQLYHQ )DWWD WDJ L NQLYHQV lQGH PHG HQ WUDVD HOOHU HQ WMRFNW YDGGHUDG KDQGVNH 8QGHUV|N I|UVLNWLJW NQLYHQ I|U YDVVKHW RFK VOLWDJH L V\QQHUKHW GlU GH IODWD RFK GH E|MGD GHODUQD P|WV ILJ $ .RQWUROOHUD NQLYHQ LQQDQ GX DQYlQGHU JUlVNOLSSDUHQ HIWHUVRP VDQG RFK VOLSDQGH PDWHULDO NDQ VOLWD ERUW PHWDOOHQ VRP I|UELQGHU EODGHWV IODWD RFK E|MGD GHODU 2P GX XSSWlFNHU HWW KDFN HOOHU VOLWDJH ILJ % RFK & E\WHU GX XW NQLYHQ VH DYVQLWWHW 'HPRQWHULQJ DY NQLY VLGD $YOlJVQD NQLYEXOWH
)lOOD XSS RFK QHU KDQGWDJHW 0RQWHULQJ DY NQLYHQ 0RQWHUD HQ VOLSDG EDODQVHUDG 7RUR NQLY NQLYI|UVWlUNQLQJHQ OnVEULFNDQ RFK NQLYEXOWHQ 9DUQLQJ 2EVHUYHUD .QLYHQV VHJHOSDUWL PnVWH SHND XSSnW PRW JlVNOLSSDUNnSDQV |YHUGHO 2P KDQGWDJHW IlOOV XSS RFK QHU Sn IHODNWLJW VlWW NDQ HQ HOOHU IOHUD NDEODU NRPPD DWW NOlPPDV VWUlFNDV HOOHU VNDGDV .
)|UYDULQJ 0RWRUSUHSDUHULQJ %\W ROMDQ L YHYKXVHW PHGDQ PRWRUQ IRUWIDUDQGH lU YDUP 6H DYVQLWWHW %\WH DY PRWRUROMD VLGD )|UEHUHG JUlVNOLSSDUHQ I|U OnJVlVRQJVI|UYDULQJ JHQRP DWW XWI|UD GH UHNRPPHQGHUDGH XQGHUKnOOVSURFHGXUHUQD 6H 8QGHUKnOO VLGD $YOlJVQD WlQGVWLIWHW ILJ 7LOOVlWW FD PDWVNHG ROMD WLOO YHYKXVHW JHQRP WlQGVWLIWVKnOHW PHG KMlOS DY HQ ROMHNDQQD )|UYDUD JUlVNOLSSDUHQ Sn HQ VYDO UHQ RFK WRUU SODWV 7lFN |YHU JUlVNOLSSDUHQ Vn DWW GHQ KnOOV UHQ RFK VN\GGDG 5RWHUD OnQJV
7D JUlVNOLSSDUHQ XU I|UYDULQJ )lOO I|UVLNWLJW XSS GHW |YUH KDQGWDJHW WLOOV GHW OLJJHU LQWLOO GHW QHGUH KDQGWDJHW GUD GlUHIWHU nW UDWWDUQD .RQWUROOHUD RFK GUD nW DOOD IlVWHOHPHQW 9DUQLQJ 7D ERUW WlQGVWLIWHW ILJ RFK VQXUUD PRWRUQ VQDEEW PHG VWDUWVQ|UHW I|U DWW DYOlJVQD |YHUEOLYHQ ROMD IUnQ F\OLQGHUQ 2P KDQGWDJHW IlOOV XSS RFK QHU Sn IHODNWLJW VlWW NDQ HQ HOOHU IOHUD NDEODU NRPPD DWW NOlPPDV VWUlFNDV HOOHU VNDGDV .
3UREOHP 0RWRUQ lU WU|J DWW VWDUWD HOOHU WDSSDU NUDIW 0RWRUQ N|U RMlPQW *UlVNOLSSDUHQ HOOHU PRWRUQ YLEUHUDU |YHUGULYHW 2MlPQW M NOLSSP|QVWHU SS 8WNDVWDUHQ EOLU LJHQVDWW J *UlVNOLSSDUHQ GULYHU LQWH VLJ VMlOY 0|MOLJD RUVDNHU cWJlUGHU 7lQGVWLIWHW lU DQIUlWW VNDGDW HOOHU JDSHW lU IHODNWLJW LQVWlOOW .RQWUROOHUD WlQGVWLIWHW RFK MXVWHUD JDSHW YLG EHKRY %\W XW WlQGVWLIWHW RP GHW lU DQIUlWW VNDGDW HOOHU VSUXFNHW 2OMHQLYnQ L PRWRUQ lU OnJ HOOHU ROMDQ lU VPXWVLJ .
