Service Manual

2
Principles of Hydraulic Circuits and Components
A hydraulic circuit, whether it is simple or complex,
uses the following basic hydraulic principles:
1. A liquid can assume any shape and be bi-
directional with out affecting its free flow movement
(Fig 2)
2. Pascal’s law states that when a confined fluid is
placed under pressure, the pressure is transmitted
equally in all directions and on all faces of the con-
tainer. This is the principle used to extend the ram
on a hydraulic cylinder (Fig 3)
3. By making the containers or cylinders of different
sizes, the mechanical advantage in work force in-
creases (Fig. 4)
Basic Hydraulic Circuits and
Components Used in Turf Equipment.
Although hydraulic circuit layouts may vary signifi-
cantly in different applications, many of the compo-
nents are similar in design or function. The princi-
ple behind most hydraulic systems is similar to that
of the basic hydraulic jack. Oil from the reservoir is
drawn past a check ball into the piston type pump
during the pistons up-stroke (Fig 5)
Figure 1
Figure 1
Figure 5
Figure 3
Figure 4