TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424/TL-SG2424P/TL-SG2452 Gigabit Smart Switch REV1.2.
COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Specifications are subject to change without notice. is a registered trademark of TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Other brands and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. No part of the specifications may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation, transformation, or adaptation without permission from TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Copyright © 2013 TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Safety Information When product has power button, the power button is one of the way to shut off the product; When there is no power button, the only way to completely shut off power is to disconnect the product or the power adapter from the power source. Don’t disassemble the product, or make repairs yourself. You run the risk of electric shock and voiding the limited warranty. If you need service, please contact us. Avoid water and wet locations.
CONTENTS Package Contents ..........................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................2 1.1 Intended Readers .........................................................................................................2 1.2 Conventions.................................................................................
.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.1.1 Port Config .......................................................................................................31 5.1.2 Port Mirror ........................................................................................................32 5.1.3 Port Security ....................................................................................................34 5.1.4 Port Isolation ............................................................................................
8.2 8.3 8.4 8.1.1 Snooping Config ..............................................................................................84 8.1.2 Port Config .......................................................................................................85 8.1.3 VLAN Config ....................................................................................................86 8.1.4 Multicast VLAN ................................................................................................
10.4 10.3.2 Port Binding ................................................................................................... 119 10.3.3 VLAN Binding................................................................................................. 119 Application Example for ACL ....................................................................................120 Chapter 11 PoE ..........................................................................................................................
14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 System Monitor.........................................................................................................160 14.1.1 CPU Monitor ..................................................................................................160 14.1.2 Memory Monitor .............................................................................................161 Log......................................................................................................................
Package Contents The following items should be found in your box: One Gigabit Smart Switch One power cord Two mounting brackets and other fittings Installation Guide Resource CD for TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424/TL-SG2424P/TL-SG2452 switch, including: This User Guide Other Helpful Information Note: Make sure that the package contains the above items. If any of the listed items are damaged or missing, please contact your distributor.
Chapter 1 About this Guide This User Guide contains information for setup and management of TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424 /TL-SG2424P/TL-SG2452 Gigabit Smart Switch. Please read this guide carefully before operation. 1.1 Intended Readers This Guide is intended for network managers familiar with IT concepts and network terminologies. 1.
Chapter Introduction Chapter 4 System This module is used to configure system properties of the switch. Here mainly introduces: System Info: Configure the description, system time and network parameters of the switch. User Management: Configure the user name and password for users to log on to the Web management page with a certain access level. System Tools: Manage the configuration file of the switch.
Chapter Introduction Chapter 9 QoS This module is used to configure QoS function to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements. Here mainly introduces: DiffServ: Configure priorities, port priority, 802.1P priority and DSCP priority. Bandwidth Control: Configure rate limit feature to control the traffic rate on each port; configure storm control feature to filter broadcast, multicast and UL frame in the network.
Chapter Introduction Chapter 14 Maintenance This module is used to assemble the commonly used system tools to manage the switch. Here mainly introduces: System Monitor: Monitor the memory and CPU of the switch. Log: View configuration parameters on the switch. Device Diagnostics: Test the connection status of the cable connected to the switch, test if the port of the switch and the connected device are available.
Chapter 2 Introduction Thanks for choosing the TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424/TL-SG2424P/TL-SG2452 Gigabit Smart Switch! 2.1 Overview of the Switch Designed for workgroups and departments, TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424/TL-SG2424P/TL-SG2452 from TP-LINK provides wire-speed performance and full set of layer 2 management features. It provides a variety of service features and multiple powerful functions with high security.
The front panel of TL-SG2424 is shown as Figure 2-2. Figure 2-2 Front Panel of TL-SG2424 The front panel of TL-SG2424P is shown as Figure 2-3. Figure 2-3 Front Panel of TL-SG2424P The front panel ofTL-SG2452 is shown as Figure 2-4. Figure 2-4 Front Panel of TL-SG2452 The following parts are located on the front panel of the switch: Reset: Press this button for five seconds or above to reset the software setting back to factory default setting.
Name Status On System 1000Mbps Link/Act Flashing Indication The switch is working abnormally. The switch is working normally. Off The switch is working abnormally. On A 1000Mbps device is connected to the corresponding port. Off A 10/100Mbps device or no device is connected to the corresponding port. On A device is connected to the corresponding port but no activity. Flashing Off Data is being transmitted or received. No device is connected to the corresponding port.
Name PoE Max Status Indication On The remaining PoE power≤7W. Flashing The remaining PoE power keeps ≤7W after this LED is on for 2 minutes. Off The remaining PoE power≥7W. On Green 10/100/ 1000Mbps Port LED Yellow Flashing On Flashing Off The port is supplying power normally. The supply power exceeds the corresponding port’s maximum power. Overload or short circuit is detected. Power-on self-test has failed. No PoE power supply is provided on the port.
AC Power Socket: Connect the female connector of the power cord here, and the male connector to the AC power outlet. Please make sure the voltage of the power supply meets the requirement of the input voltage (100-240V~ 50/60Hz 0.6A for TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424, 100-240V~ 50/60Hz 3.5A for TL-SG2424P and100-240V~ 50/60Hz 1.0A for TL-SG2452).
Chapter 3 Login to the Switch 3.1 Login 1) To access the configuration utility, open a web-browser and type in the default address http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of the browser, then press the Enter key. Figure 3-1 Web-browser Tips: To log in to the switch, the IP address of your PC should be set in the same subnet addresses of the switch. The IP address is 192.168.0.x ("x" is any number from 2 to 254), Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0.
Figure 3-3 Main Setup-Menu Note: Clicking Apply can only make the new configurations effective before the switch is rebooted. If you want to keep the configurations effective even the switch is rebooted, please click Save Config. You are suggested to click Save Config before cutting off the power or rebooting the switch to avoid losing the new configurations.
Chapter 4 System The System module is mainly for system configuration of the switch, including four submenus: System Info, User Management, System Tools and Access Security. 4.1 System Info The System Info, mainly for basic properties configuration, can be implemented on System Summary, Device Description, System Time, Daylight Saving Time and System IP pages. 4.1.1 System Summary On this page you can view the port connection status and the system information.
When the cursor moves on the port, the detailed information of the port will be displayed. Figure 4-2 Port Information Port Info Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Type: Displays the type of the port. Rate: Displays the maximum transmission rate of the port. Status: Displays the connection status of the port. Click a port to display the bandwidth utilization on this port. The actual rate divided by theoretical maximum rate is the bandwidth utilization.
Figure 4-4 Device Description The following entries are displayed on this screen: Device Description Device Name: Enter the name of the switch. Device Location: Enter the location of the switch. System Contact: Enter your contact information. 4.1.3 System Time System Time is the time displayed while the switch is running. On this page you can configure the system time and the settings here will be used for other time-based functions.
Time Config Manual: When this option is selected, you can set the date and time manually. Get Time from NTP Server: When this option is selected, you can configure the time zone and the IP Address for the NTP Server. The switch will get UTC automatically if it has connected to a NTP Server. Synchronize PC’S Clock: with Time Zone: Select your local time. Primary/Secondary Server: Enter the IP Address for the NTP Server. Update Rate: Specify the rate fetching time from NTP server.
Predefined Mode: Select a predefined DST configuration. Recurring Mode: Specify the DST configuration configuration is recurring in use. Date Mode: USA: Second Sunday in March, 02:00 ~ First Sunday in November, 02:00. Australia: First Sunday in October, 02:00 ~ First Sunday in April, 03:00. Europe: Last Sunday in March, 01:00 ~ Last Sunday in October, 01:00. New Zealand: Last Sunday in September, 02:00 ~ First Sunday in April, 03:00. in recurring mode.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: IP Config MAC Address: Displays MAC Address of the switch. IP Address Mode: Select the mode to obtain IP Address for the switch. Static IP: When this option is selected, you should enter IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway manually. DHCP: When this option is selected, the switch will obtain network parameters from the DHCP Server. BOOTP: When this option is selected, the switch will obtain network parameters from the BOOTP Server.
Figure 4-8 User Table 4.2.2 User Config On this page you can configure the access level of the user to log on to the Web management page. The switch provides two access levels: Guest and Admin. The guest only can view the settings without the right to configure the switch; the admin can configure all the functions of the switch. The Web management pages contained in this guide are subject to the admin’s login without any explanation.
User Table Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding user information. It is multi-optional. The current user information can’t be deleted. User ID, Name, Access Level and status: Displays the current user ID, user name, access level and user status. Operation: Click the Edit button of the desired entry, and you can edit the corresponding user information. After modifying the settings, please click the Modify button to make the modification effective.
3. After being restored, the current settings of the switch will be lost. Wrong uploaded configuration file may cause the switch unmanaged. 4.3.2 Config Backup On this page you can download the current configuration and save it as a file to your computer for your future configuration restore. Choose the menu System→System Tools→Config Backup to load the following page.
Note: 1. Don’t interrupt the upgrade. 2. Please select the proper software version matching with your hardware to upgrade. 3. To avoid damage, please don't turn off the device while upgrading. 4. After upgrading, the device will reboot automatically. 5. You are suggested to backup the configuration before upgrading. 4.3.4 System Reboot On this page you can reboot the switch and return to the login page.
4.4.1 Access Control On this page you can control the users logging on to the Web management page to enhance the configuration management security. The definitions of Admin and Guest refer to 4.2 User Management. Choose the menu System→Access Security→Access Control to load the following page. Figure 4-15 Access Control The following entries are displayed on this screen: Access Control Config Control Mode: Select the control mode for users to log on to the Web management page.
Port: Session Config Session Timeout: The field can be available for configuration only when Port-based mode is selected. Only the users connected to these ports you set here are allowed for login. If you do nothing with the Web management page within the timeout time, the system will log out automatically. If you want to reconfigure, please login again. Access User Number Number Control: Select Enable/Disable the Number Control function.
Figure 4-16 SSL Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config SSL: Certificate Download Certificate File: Select Enable/Disable the SSL function on the switch. Select the desired certificate to download to the switch. The certificate must be BASE64 encoded. Key Download Key File: Select the desired SSL Key to download to the switch. The key must be BASE64 encoded. Note: 1.
Comprising server and client, SSH has two versions, V1 and V2 which are not compatible with each other. In the communication, SSH server and client can auto-negotiate the SSH version and the encryption algorithm. After getting a successful negotiation, the client sends authentication request to the server for login, and then the two can communicate with each other after successful authentication. This switch supports SSH server and you can log on to the switch via SSH connection using SSH client software.
Key File: Select the desired key file to download. Download: Click the Download button to download the desired key file to the switch. Note: 1. Please ensure the key length of the downloaded file is in the range of 256 to 3072 bits. 2. After the Key File is downloaded, the user’s original key of the same type will be replaced. The wrong uploaded file will result in the SSH access to the switch via Password authentication. Application Example 1 for SSH: Network Requirements 1.
Application Example 2 for SSH: Network Requirements 1. Log on to the switch via password authentication using SSH and the SSH function is enabled on the switch. 2. PuTTY client software is recommended. Configuration Procedure 1. Select the key type and key length, and generate SSH key. Note: 1. The key length is in the range of 256 to 3072 bits. 2. During the key generation, randomly moving the mouse quickly can accelerate the key generation. 2.
3. On the Web management page of the switch, download the public key file saved in the computer to the switch. Note: 1. The key type should accord with the type of the key file. 2. The SSH key downloading can not be interrupted. 4. Download the private key file to SSH client software.
5. After the public key and private key are downloaded, please log on to the interface of PuTTY and enter the IP address for login. After successful authentication, please enter the login user name. If you log on to the switch without entering password, it indicates that the key has been successfully downloaded.
Chapter 5 Switching Switching module is used to configure the basic functions of the switch, including five submenus: Port, LAG, Traffic Monitor, MAC Address and DHCP Filtering. 5.1 Port The Port function, allowing you to configure the basic features for the port, is implemented on the Port Config, Port Mirror, Port Security , Port Isolation and Loopback Detection pages. 5.1.1 Port Config On this page, you can configure the basic parameters for the ports.
Description: Give a description to the port for identification. Status: Allows you to Enable/Disable the port. When Enable is selected, the port can forward the packets normally. Speed and Duplex: Select the Speed and Duplex mode for the port. The device connected to the switch should be in the same Speed and Duplex mode with the switch. When “Auto” is selected, the Speed and Duplex mode will be determined by auto-negotiation. For the SFP port, this switch does not support auto-negotiation.
The following entries are displayed on this screen. Mirror Group List Group: Displays the mirror group number. Mirroring: Displays the mirroring port number. Mode: Displays the mirror mode. The value will be "Ingress" or "Egress". Mirrored Port: Displays the mirrored ports. Operation: Click Edit to configure the mirror group. Click Edit to display the following figure.
Mirrored Port Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port as a mirrored port. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Ingress: Select Enable/Disable the Ingress feature. When the Ingress is enabled, the incoming packets received by the mirrored port will be copied to the mirroring port. Egress: Select Enable/Disable the Egress feature.
Figure 5-4 Port Security The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Security Select: Select the desired port for Port Security configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Max Learned MAC: Specify the maximum number of MAC addresses that can be learned on the port. Learned Num: Displays the number of MAC addresses that have been learned on the port. Learn Mode: Select the Learn Mode for the port.
5.1.4 Port Isolation Port Isolation provides a method of restricting traffic flow to improve the network security by forbidding the port to forward packets to the ports that are not on its forward portlist. Choose the menu Switching→Port→Port Isolation to load the following page. Figure 5-5 Port Isolation The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Isolation Config Port: Select the port number to set its forwardlist. Forward Portlist: Select the port that to be forwarded to.
Choose the menu Switching→Port→Loopback Detection to load the following page. Figure 5-6 Loopback Detection Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for Loopback Detection configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Status: Enable or disable Loopback Detection function for the port.
Loop Status: Displays the port status whether a loopback is detected. Block Status: Displays the port status about block or unblock. LAG: Displays the LAG number the port belongs to. Manual Recover: Manually remove the block status of selected ports. Note: 1. Recovery Mode is not selectable when Alert is chosen in Operation Mode. 2. Loopback Detection must coordinate with storm control. 5.
Figure 5-7 LAG Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config Hash Algorithm: Select the applied scope of Aggregate Arithmetic, which results in choosing a port to transfer the packets. SRC MAC + DST MAC: When this option is selected, the Aggregate Arithmetic will apply to the source and destination MAC addresses of the packets. SRC IP + DST IP: When this option is selected, the Aggregate Arithmetic will apply to the source and destination IP addresses of the packets.
Figure 5-8 Detailed Information 5.2.2 Static LAG On this page, you can manually configure the LAG. Choose the menu Switching→LAG→Static LAG to load the following page. Figure 5-9 Manually Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: LAG Config Group Number: Select a Group Number for the LAG. Description: Displays the description of the LAG. Member Port Member Port: Select the port as the LAG member. Clearing all the ports of the LAG will delete this LAG.
Tips: 1. The LAG can be deleted by clearing its all member ports. 2. A port can only be added to a LAG. If a port is the member of a LAG, the port number will be displayed in gray and can not be selected. 5.2.3 LACP Config LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) is defined in IEEE802.3ad and enables the dynamic link aggregation and disaggregation by exchanging LACP packets with its partner.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config System Priority: Specify the system priority for the switch. The system priority and MAC address constitute the system identification (ID). A lower system priority value indicates a higher system priority.
Figure 5-11 Traffic Summary The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Allows you to Enable/Disable refreshing the Traffic Summary automatically. Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. Traffic Summary Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Port: Displays the port number. Packets Rx: Displays the number of packets received on the port.
5.3.2 Traffic Statistics Traffic Statistics screen displays the detailed traffic information of each port, which facilitates you to monitor the traffic and locate faults promptly. Choose the menu Switching→Traffic Monitor→Traffic Statistics to load the following page. Figure 5-12 Traffic Statistics The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Allows you to Enable/Disable refreshing the Traffic Summary automatically.
Alignment Errors: For TL-SG2216/TL-SG2424/TL-SG2424P: Displays the number of the received packets that have a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS) with a non-integral octet (Alignment Error) and have a bad FCS with an integral octet (CRC Error). The length of the packet is between 64 bytes and 1518 bytes. For TL-SG2452: Displays the number of the received packets that have a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS) . The length of the packet is from 64 bytes to maximal bytes of the jumbo frame(usually 10240 bytes).
Type Configuration Way Aging out Being kept after Relationship between the reboot bound MAC address and (if the configuration the port is saved) Dynamic Automatically Address Table learning Yes No The bound MAC address can be learned by the other ports in the same VLAN. Filtering Manually Address Table configuring No Yes - Table 5-1 Types and features of Address Table This function includes four submenus: Address Table, Static Address, Dynamic Address and Filtering Address. 5.4.
Filtering: This option allows the address table to display the filtering address entries only. Address Table MAC Address: Displays the MAC address learned by the switch. VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Port: Displays the corresponding Port number of the MAC address. Type: Displays the Type of the MAC address. Aging Status: Displays the Aging status of the MAC address. 5.4.
Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Static Address Table. MAC: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID number of your desired entry. Port: Enter the Port number of your desired entry. Static Address Table Select: Select the entry to delete or modify the corresponding port number. It is multi-optional. MAC Address: Displays the static MAC Address.
Figure 5-15 Dynamic Address The following entries are displayed on this screen: Aging Config Auto Aging: Allows you to Enable/Disable the Auto Aging feature. Aging Time: Enter the Aging Time for the dynamic address. Search Option Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Dynamic Address Table. MAC: Enter the MAC address of your desired entry. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID number of your desired entry.
Tips: Setting aging time properly helps implement effective MAC address aging. The aging time that is too long or too short results decreases the performance of the switch. If the aging time is too long, excessive invalid MAC address entries maintained by the switch may fill up the MAC address table. This prevents the MAC address table from updating with network changes in time. If the aging time is too short, the switch may remove valid MAC address entries.
Filtering Address Table Select: Select the entry to delete the corresponding filtering address. It is multi-optional. MAC Address: Displays the filtering MAC Address. VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID. Port: Here the symbol “--” indicates no specified port. Type: Displays the Type of the MAC address. Aging Status: Displays the Aging Status of the MAC address.
Figure 5-17 Network diagram of DHCP For different DHCP clients, DHCP server provides three IP address assigning methods: (1) (2) (3) Manually assign the IP address: Allows the administrator to bind the static IP address to a specific client (e.g.: WWW Server) via the DHCP server. Automatically assign the IP address: DHCP server assigns the IP address without an expiry time limitation to the clients. Dynamically assign the IP address: DHCP server assigns the IP address with an expiry time.
addresses and replies to the client with DHCP-OFFER packet carrying the IP address and other information. （3） DHCP-REQUEST Stage: In the situation that there are several DHCP servers sending the DHCP-OFFER packets, the client will only respond to the first received DHCP-OFFER packet and broadcast the DHCP-REQUEST packet which includes the assigned IP address of the DHCP-OFFER packet. （4） DHCP-ACK Stage: Since the DHCP-REQUEST packet is broadcasted, all DHCP servers on the network segment can receive it.
the network from the DHCP Server Cheating Attack by discarding the DHCP packets on the distrusted port, so as to enhance the network security. Choose the menu Switching → DHCP Filtering to load the following page. Figure 5-20 DHCP Filtering The following entries are displayed on this screen: DHCP Filtering DHCP Filtering: Enable/Disable the DHCP Filtering function globally. Trusted Port Here you can select the desired port(s) to be Trusted Port(s).
Chapter 6 VLAN The traditional Ethernet is a data network communication technology based on CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) via shared communication medium. Through the traditional Ethernet, the overfull hosts in LAN will result in serious collision, flooding broadcasts, poor performance or even breakdown of the Internet.
6.1 802.1Q VLAN VLAN tags in the packets are necessary for the switch to identify packets of different VLANs. The switch works at the data link layer in OSI model and it can identify the data link layer encapsulation of the packet only, so you can add the VLAN tag field into the data link layer encapsulation for identification. In 1999, IEEE issues the IEEE 802.1Q protocol to standardize VLAN implementation, defining the structure of VLAN-tagged packets. IEEE 802.
PVID PVID (Port VLAN ID) is the default VID of the port. When the switch receives an un-VLAN-tagged packet, it will add a VLAN tag to the packet according to the PVID of its received port and forward the packets.
Figure 6-3 VLAN Table To ensure the normal communication of the factory switch, the default VLAN of all ports is set to VLAN1. The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Create VLAN ID： Enter the VLAN ID you want to create. It ranges from 2 to 4094. Name： Give a name to the VLAN for identification. VLAN Table VLAN ID Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding VLAN based on the VLAN ID you entered. Select: Select the desired port for configuration.
Port: Displays the port number. Untagged: The port will be an untagged member of the specific VLAN if you select it. Tagged: The port will be an tagged member of the specific VLAN if you select it. NotMember: The port will not be a member of the specific VLAN if you select it. PVID: Here you can change the PVID of the specific port. LAG: Displays the LAG to which the port belongs to. 6.2 Application Example for 802.
Configure Switch B Step Operation Description 1 Configure the Link Type of the ports Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, configure the link type of Port 7, Port 6 and Port 8 as Untagged, Tagged and Untagged respectively. 2 Create VLAN10 Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, create a VLAN with its VLAN ID as 10, owning Port 6 and Port 8. 3 Create VLAN20 Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, create a VLAN with its VLAN ID as 20, owning Port 6 and Port 7.
Chapter 7 Spanning Tree STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), subject to IEEE 802.1D standard, is to disbranch a ring network in the Data Link layer in a local network. Devices running STP discover loops in the network and block ports by exchanging information, in that way, a ring network can be disbranched to form a tree-topological ring-free network to prevent packets from being duplicated and forwarded endlessly in the network. BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit) is the protocol data that STP and RSTP use.
Figure 7-1 Basic STP diagram STP Timers Hello Time: Hello Time ranges from 1 to 10 seconds. It specifies the interval to send BPDU packets. It is used to test the links. Max. Age: Max. Age ranges from 6 to 40 seconds. It specifies the maximum time the switch can wait without receiving a BPDU before attempting to reconfigure. Forward Delay: Forward Delay ranges from 4 to 30 seconds. It specifies the time for the port to transit its state after the network topology is changed.
Comparing BPDUs Each switch sends out configuration BPDUs and receives a configuration BPDU on one of its ports from another switch. The following table shows the comparing operations. Step Operation 1 If the priority of the BPDU received on the port is lower than that of the BPDU if of the port itself, the switch discards the BPDU and does not change the BPDU of the port.
stops forwarding data and the designated port of the upstream switch begins to forward data. The condition for the designated port to transit its port state rapidly: The designated port is an edge port or connecting to a point-to-point link. If the designated port is an edge port, it can directly transit to forwarding state; if the designated port is connecting to a point-to-point link, it can transit to forwarding state after getting response from the downstream switch through handshake.
Figure 7-2 Basic MSTP diagram MSTP MSTP divides a network into several MST regions. The CST is generated between these MST regions, and multiple spanning trees can be generated in each MST region. Each spanning tree is called an instance. As well as STP, MSTP uses BPDUs to generate spanning tree. The only difference is that the BPDU for MSTP carries the MSTP configuration information on the switches.
Figure 7-3 Port roles The Spanning Tree module is mainly for spanning tree configuration of the switch, including four submenus: STP Config, Port Config, MSTP Instance and STP Security. 7.1 STP Config The STP Config function, for global configuration of spanning trees on the switch, can be implemented on STP Config and STP Summary pages. 7.1.1 STP Config Before configuring spanning trees, you should make clear the roles each switch plays in each spanning tree instance.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config STP: Select Enable/Disable STP function globally on the switch. Version: Select the desired STP version on the switch. STP: Spanning Tree Protocol. RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol. MSTP: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. Parameters Config CIST Priority: Enter a value from 0 to 61440 to specify the priority of the switch for comparison in the CIST. CIST priority is an important criterion on determining the root bridge.
7.1.2 STP Summary On this page you can view the related parameters for Spanning Tree function. Choose the menu Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Summary to load the following page. Figure 7-5 STP Summary 7.2 Port Config On this page you can configure the parameters of the ports for CIST Choose the menu Spanning Tree→Port Config to load the following page.
Figure 7-6 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for STP configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Status: Select Enable /Disable STP function for the desired port. Priority: Enter a value from 0 to 240 divisible by 16.
Port Role: Displays the role of the port played in the STP Instance. Port Status: Displays the working status of the port. LAG: Root Port: Indicates the port that has the lowest path cost from this bridge to the Root Bridge and forwards packets to the root. Designated Port: Indicates the port that forwards packets to a downstream network segment or switch. Master Port: Indicates the port that connects a MST region to the common root.
Figure 7-7 Region Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Region Config Region Name: Create a name for MST region identification using up to 32 characters. Revision: Enter the revision from 0 to 65535 for MST region identification. 7.3.2 Instance Config Instance Configuration, a property of MST region, is used to describe the VLAN to Instance mapping configuration. You can assign VLAN to different instances appropriate to your needs.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Instance Table Instance ID Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding Instance ID based on the ID number you entered. Select: Select the desired Instance ID for configuration. It is multi-optional. Instance: Displays Instance ID of the switch. Status: Displays status of the instance. Priority: Enter the priority of the switch in the instance.
Figure 7-9 Instance Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Instance ID: Select the desired instance ID for its port configuration. Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port to specify its priority and path cost. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Priority: Enter the priority of the port in the instance.
Step Operation Description 1 Make clear roles the switches play in spanning tree instances: root bridge or designated bridge Preparation. 2 Globally configure parameters MSTP Required. Enable Spanning Tree function on the switch and configure MSTP parameters on Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page. 3 Configure MSTP parameters for ports Required. Configure MSTP parameters for ports on Spanning Tree→Port Config→Port Config page. 4 Configure the MST region Required.
To avoid this, MSTP provides root protect function. Ports with this function enabled can only be set as designated ports in all spanning tree instances. When a port of this type receives BDPU packets with higher priority, it transits its state to blocking state and stops forwarding packets (as if it is disconnected from the link). The port resumes the normal state if it does not receive any configuration BPDU packets with higher priorities for a period of two times of forward delay.
Figure 7-10 Port Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Protect Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for port protect configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Loop Protect: Loop Protect is to prevent the loops in the network brought by recalculating STP because of link failures and network congestions.
Choose the menu Spanning Tree→STP Security→TC Protect to load the following page. Figure 7-11 TC Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: TC Protect TC Threshold: Enter a number from 1 to 100. It is the maximum number of the TC-BPDUs received by the switch in a TC Protect Cycle. The default value is 20. TC Protect Cycle: Enter a value from 1 to 10 to specify the TC Protect Cycle. The default value is 5. 7.
Configuration Procedure Configure Switch A: Step Operation Description 1 Configure ports On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type of the related ports as Tagged, and add the ports to VLAN101-VLAN106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN. 2 Enable STP function On Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page, enable STP function and select MSTP version. On Spanning Tree→STP Config→Port Config page, enable MSTP function for the port.
Configure Switch C: Step Operation Description 1 Configure ports On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type of the related ports as Tagged, and add the ports to VLAN101-VLAN106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN. 2 Enable STP function On Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page, enable STP function and select MSTP version. On Spanning Tree→STP Config→Port Config page, enable MSTP function for the port.
The topology diagram of the two instances after the topology is stable For Instance 1 (VLAN101, 103 and 105), the red paths in the following figure are connected links; the gray paths are the blocked links. For Instance 2 (VLAN102, 104 and 106), the blue paths in the following figure are connected links; the gray paths are the blocked links. Suggestion for Configuration Enable TC Protect function for all the ports of switches.
Chapter 8 Multicast Multicast Overview In the network, packets are sent in three modes: unicast, broadcast and multicast. In unicast, the source server sends separate copy information to each receiver. When a large number of users require this information, the server must send many pieces of information with the same content to the users. Therefore, large bandwidth will be occupied. In broadcast, the system transmits information to all users in a network.
4. Real time is highly demanded and certain packets drop is allowed. Multicast Address 1. Multicast IP Address: As specified by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), Class D IP addresses are used as destination addresses of multicast packets. The multicast IP addresses range from 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255. The following table displays the range and description of several special multicast IP addresses. Multicast IP address range Description 224.0.0.0～224.0.0.
VLAN ID Multicast IP Port Figure 8-3 Multicast Address Table IGMP Snooping In the network, the hosts apply to the near router for joining (leaving) a multicast group by sending IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) messages. When the up-stream device forwards down the multicast data, the switch is responsible for sending them to the hosts. IGMP Snooping is a multicast control mechanism, which can be used on the switch for dynamic registration of the multicast group.
it will be added to the multicast address table with its member port time specified; if the receiving port is already a member port, its member port time will be directly reset. 3. IGMP Leave Message The host, running IGMPv1, does not send IGMP leave message when leaving a multicast group, as a result, the switch can not get the leave information of the host momentarily.
Figure 8-4 Basic Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config IGMP Snooping: Select Enable/Disable IGMP Snooping function globally on the switch. Unknown Multicast: Select the operation for the switch to process unknown multicast, Forward or Discard. IGMP Snooping Status Description: Displays IGMP Snooping status. Member: Displays the member of the corresponding status. 8.1.2 Port Config On this page you can configure the IGMP feature for ports of the switch.
Figure 8-5 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for IGMP Snooping feature configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port of the switch. IGMP Snooping: Select Enable/Disable IGMP Snooping for the desired port. Fast Leave: Select Enable/Disable Fast Leave feature for the desired port.
Figure 8-6 VLAN Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Config VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID to enable IGMP Snooping for the desired VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more. Member Port Time: Specify the aging time of the member port.
Displays the router port of the VLAN. Router Port: Note: The settings here will be invalid when multicast VLAN is enabled Configuration procedure: Step Operation 1 Enable function Snooping Required. Enable IGMP Snooping globally on the switch and for the port on Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Snooping Config and Port Config page. 2 Configure the multicast parameters for VLANs Optional. Configure the multicast parameters for VLANs on Multicast→IGMP Snooping→VLAN Config page.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Multicast VLAN Multicast VLAN: Select Enable/Disable Multicast VLAN feature. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicast VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more. Member Port Time: Specify the aging time of the member port.
Application Example for Multicast VLAN: Network Requirements Multicast source sends multicast streams via the router, and the streams are transmitted to user A and user B through the switch. Router: Its WAN port is connected to the multicast source; its LAN port is connected to the switch. The multicast packets are transmitted in VLAN3.
Network Diagram Configuration Procedure Step Operation Description 1 Create VLANs Create three VLANs with the VLAN ID 3, 4 and 5 respectively, and specify the description of VLAN3 as Multicast VLAN on VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page. 2 Configure ports On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN function pages. For port 3, configure its link type as Tagged, and add it to VLAN3, VLAN4 and VLAN5. For port 4, configure its link type as Untagged, and add it to VLAN3 and VLAN 4.
8.2.1 Multicast IP Table On this page you can view the multicast IP table on the switch. Choose the menu Multicast→Multicast IP→Multicast IP Table to load the following page. Figure 8-8 Multicast IP Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Search Option Multicast IP: Enter the multicast IP address the desired entry must carry. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID the desired entry must carry. Port: Select the port number the desired entry must carry.
Figure 8-9 Static Multicast IP Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Static Multicast Multicast IP: Enter static multicast IP address. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicast IP. Forward Port: Enter the forward port of the multicast group. Search Option Search Option: Select the rules for displaying multicast IP table to find the desired entries quickly. All: Displays all static multicast IP entries.
port. If the port can be added to the multicast group, it will be added to the multicast address table; if the port can not be added to the multicast group, the switch will drop the IGMP report message. In that way, the multicast streams will not be transmitted to this port, which allows you to control hosts joining the multicast group. 8.3.1 IP-Range On this page you can figure the desired IP-ranges to be filtered. Choose the menu Multicast→Multicast Filter→IP-Range to load the following page.
Figure 8-11 Port Filter The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Filter Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for multicast filtering. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Filter: Select Enable/Disable multicast filtering feature on the port.
Step Operation Description 1 Configure IP-Range Required. Configure IP-Range to be Multicast→Multicast Filter→IP-Range page. 2 Configure multicast filter rules for ports Optional. Configure multicast filter rules for ports on Multicast→Multicast Filter→Port Filter page. filtered on 8.4 Packet Statistics On this page you can view the multicast data traffic on each port of the switch, which facilitates you to monitor the IGMP messages in the network.
Query Packet: Displays the number of query packets the port received. Report Packet (V1): Displays the number of IGMPv1 report packets the port received. Report Packet (V2): Displays the number of IGMPv2 report packets the port received. Report Packet (V3): Displays the number of IGMPv3 report packets the port received. Leave Packet: Displays the number of leave packets the port received. Error Packet: Displays the number of error packets the port received.
Chapter 9 QoS QoS (Quality of Service) functions to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements and optimize the bandwidth resource distribution so as to provide a network service experience of a better quality. QoS This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function.
Figure 9-2 802.1Q frame As shown in the figure above, each 802.1Q Tag has a Pri field, comprising 3 bits. The 3-bit priority field is 802.1p priority in the range of 0 to 7. 802.1P priority determines the priority of the packets based on the Pri value. On the Web management page of the switch, you can configure different priority tags mapping to the corresponding priority levels, and then the switch determine which packet is sent preferentially when forwarding packets.
Figure 9-4 SP-Mode 2. WRR-Mode: Weight Round Robin Mode. In this mode, packets in all the queues are sent in order based on the weight value for each queue and every queue can be assured of a certain service time. The weight value indicates the occupied proportion of the resource. WRR queue overcomes the disadvantage of SP queue that the packets in the queues with lower priority can not get service for a long time.
4. Equ-Mode: Equal-Mode. In this mode, all the queues occupy the bandwidth equally. The weight value ratio of all the queues is 1:1:1:1. The QoS module is mainly for traffic control and priority configuration, including three submenus: DiffServ Bandwidth Control and Voice VLAN. 9.1 DiffServ This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function.
Step Operation Description 1 Select the port priority Required. On QoS→DiffServ→Port Priority page, configure the port priority. 2 Configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority and TC Required. On QoS→DiffServ→802.1P Priority page, configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority and TC. 3 Select a schedule mode Required. On QoS→DiffServ→Schedule Mode page, select a schedule mode. 9.1.2 DSCP Priority On this page you can configure DSCP priority.
DSCP: Indicates the priority determined by the DS region of IP datagram. It ranges from 0 to 63. Priority: Indicates the 802.1P priority the packets with tag are mapped to. The priorities are labeled as CoS0 ~ CoS7. Configuration Procedure: Step Operation Description 1 Configure the mapping relation between the DSCP priority and 802.1P priority Required. On QoS→DiffServ→DSCP Priority page, enable DSCP Priority and configure the mapping relation between the DSCP priority and CoS.
Queue TC-id: Indicates the priority level of egress queue the packets with tag and CoS-id are mapped to. The priority levels of egress queue are labeled as TC0, TC1, TC2 and TC3. Configuration Procedure: Step Operation Description 1 Configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority Tag/CoS and the TC Required. On QoS→DiffServ→802.1P/CoS mapping page, configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority Tag/CoS and the TC. 2 Select a schedule mode Required.
Equ-Mode: Equal-Mode. In this mode, all the queues occupy the bandwidth equally. The weight value ratio of all the queues is 1:1:1:1. 9.2 Bandwidth Control Bandwidth function, allowing you to control the traffic rate and broadcast flow on each port to ensure network in working order, can be implemented on Rate Limit and Storm Control pages. 9.2.1 Rate Limit Rate limit functions to control the ingress/egress traffic rate on each port via configuring the available bandwidth of each port.
Ingress Rate (bps): Configure the bandwidth for receiving packets on the port. You can select a rate from the dropdown list or select "Manual" to set Ingress rate, the system will automatically select integral multiple of 64Kbps that closest to the rate you entered as the real Ingress rate. Egress Rate(bps): Configure the bandwidth for sending packets on the port.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Storm Control Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for Storm Control configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Broadcast (bps): Rate Select the bandwidth for receiving broadcast packets on the port. The packet traffic exceeding the bandwidth will be discarded.
Number OUI Address Vendor 1 00-01-e3-00-00-00 Siemens phone 2 00-03-6b-00-00-00 Cisco phone 3 00-04-0d-00-00-00 Avaya phone 4 00-60-b9-00-00-00 Philips/NEC phone 5 00-d0-1e-00-00-00 Pingtel phone 6 00-e0-75-00-00-00 Polycom phone 7 00-e0-bb-00-00-00 3com phone Table 9-1 OUI addresses on the switch Port Voice VLAN Mode A voice VLAN can operate in two modes: automatic mode and manual mode.
Security Mode of Voice VLAN When voice VLAN is enabled for a port, you can configure its security mode to filter data stream. If security mode is enabled, the port just forwards voice packets, and discards other packets whose source MAC addresses do not match OUI addresses. If security mode is not enabled, the port forwards all the packets.
VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the voice VLAN. Aging Time: Specifies the living time of the member port in auto mode after the OUI address is aging out. Priority: Select the priority of the port when sending voice data. 9.3.2 Port Config Before the voice VLAN function is enabled, the parameters of the ports in the voice VLAN should be configured on this page. Choose the menu QoS→Voice VLAN→Port Config to load the following page.
Port Mode: Select the mode for the port to join the voice VLAN. Security Mode: Auto: In this mode, the switch automatically adds a port to the voice VLAN or removes a port from the voice VLAN by checking whether the port receives voice data or not. Manual: In this mode, you can manually add a port to the voice VLAN or remove a port from the voice VLAN. Configure the security mode for forwarding packets. Disable: All packets are forwarded. Enable: Only voice data are forwarded.
OUI: Displays the OUI address of the voice device. Mask: Displays the OUI address mask of the voice device. Description: Displays the description of the OUI. Configuration Procedure of Voice VLAN: Step Operation Description 1 Configure the link type of the port Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, configure the link type of ports of the voice device. 2 Create VLAN Required. On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config page, click the Create button to create a VLAN. 3 Add OUI address Optional.
Chapter 10 ACL 10.1 ACL Config An ACL may contain a number of rules, and each rule specifies a different package range. Packets are matched in match order. Once a rule is matched, the switch processes the matched packets taking the operation specified in the rule without considering the other rules, which can enhance the performance of the switch. The ACL Config function can be implemented on ACL Summary, ACL Create, MAC ACL, Standard-IP ACL and Extend-IP ACL pages. 10.1.
Figure 10-2 ACL Create The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create ACL ACL ID: Enter ACL ID of the ACL you want to create. Rule Order: User Config order is set to be match order in this ACL. 10.1.3 MAC ACL MAC ACLs analyze and process packets based on a series of match conditions, which can be the source MAC addresses and destination MAC addresses carried in the packets. Choose the menu ACL→ACL Config→MAC ACL to load the following page.
D-MAC: Enter the destination MAC address contained in the rule. MASK: Enter MAC address mask. If it is set to 1, it must strictly match the address. 10.1.4 Standard-IP ACL Standard-IP ACLs analyze and process data packets based on a series of match conditions, which can be the source IP addresses and destination IP addresses carried in the packets. Choose the menu ACL→ACL Config→Standard-IP ACL to load the following page.
Figure 10-5 Create Extend-IP Rule The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Extend-IP ACL ACL ID: Select the desired Extend-IP ACL for configuration. Rule ID: Enter the rule ID. Operation: Select the operation for the switch to process packets which match the rules. Permit: Forward packets. Deny: Discard Packets. S-IP: Enter the source IP address contained in the rule. D-IP: Enter the destination IP address contained in the rule. Mask: Enter IP address mask.
10.2.1 Policy Summary On this page, you can view the ACL and the corresponding operations in the policy. Choose the menu ACL→Policy Config→Policy Summary to load the following page. Figure 10-6 Policy Summary The following entries are displayed on this screen: Search Option Select Policy: Select name of the desired policy for view. If you want to delete the desired policy, please click the Delete button. Action Table Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding policy.
10.2.3 Action Create On this page you can add ACLs for the policy. Choose the menu ACL→Policy Config→Action Create to load the following page. Figure 10-8 Action Create The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Action Select Policy: Select the name of the policy. Select ACL: Select the ACL for configuration in the policy. 10.3 Policy Binding Policy Binding function can have the policy take its effect on a specific port/VLAN.
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Search Option Show Mode: Select a show mode appropriate to your needs. Policy Bind Table Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding binding policy. Index: Displays the index of the binding policy. Policy Name: Displays the name of the binding policy. Interface: Displays the port number or VLAN ID bound to the policy. Direction: Displays the binding direction. 10.3.
10.3.3 VLAN Binding On this page you can bind a policy to a VLAN. Choose the menu ACL→Policy Binding→VLAN Binding to load the following page. Figure 10-11 Bind the policy to the VLAN The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN-Bind Config Policy Name: Select the name of the policy you want to bind. VLAN ID: Enter the ID of the VLAN you want to bind. VLAN-Bind Table Index: Displays the index of the binding policy. Policy Name: Displays the name of the binding policy.
10.4 Application Example for ACL Network Requirements 1. The manager of the R&D department can access to the forum of the company and the Internet without any forbiddance. The MAC address of the manager is 00-64-A5-5D-12-C3. 2. The staff of the R&D department can not access to the Internet but can visit the forum. 3. The staff of the marketing department can access to the Internet but can not visit the forum. 4. The R&D department and marketing department can not communicate with each other.
Step Operation Description 2 Configure requirement and 4 for 2 On ACL→ACL Config→ACL Create page, create ACL 100. On ACL→ACL Config→Standard-IP ACL page, select ACL 100, create Rule 1, configure operation as Deny, configure S-IP as 10.10.70.1 and mask as 255.255.255.0, configure D-IP as 10.10.50.1 and mask as 255.255.255.0. On ACL→ACL Config→Standard-IP ACL page, select ACL 100, create Rule 2, configure operation as Deny, configure S-IP as 10.10.70.1 and mask as 255.255.255.0, configure D-IP as 10.10.
Chapter 11 PoE Note: Only TL-SG2424P supports PoE function. PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology describes a system to transmit electrical power along with data to remote devices over standard twisted-pair cable in an Ethernet network. It is especially useful for supplying power to IP telephones, wireless LAN access points, cameras and so on. Composition A PoE system usually consists of PSE and PD.
PoE Config, mainly for PoE attributes configuration, is implemented on PoE Config and PoE Profile pages. 11.1.1 PoE Config On this page, you can configure the parameters to implement PoE function. Choose the menu PoE→PoE Config→PoE Config to load the following page. Figure 11-1 PoE Config The following items are displayed on this screen: Global Config System Power Limit: Specify the max power the PoE switch can supply.
PoE Priority: The priority levels include High, Middle and Low in descending order. When the supply power exceeds the system power limit, the PD linked to the port with lower priority will be disconnected. Power Limit (0.1w-30w): Defines the max power the corresponding port can supply. Class1 represents 4w, Class2 represents 7w, Class3 represents 15.4w and Class4 represents 30w. Time Range: Select the time range for the PoE port to supply power.
PoE Status: Select to the enable/disable PoE feature for the corresponding port. If set enable, the port may supply power to the linked PD (Power Device). PoE Priority: The priority levels include High, Middle and Low in descending order. When the supply power exceeds the system power limit, the PD linked to the port with lower priority will be disconnected. Power Limit: Defines the max power the corresponding port can supply. Class1 represents 4w, Class2 represents 7w, Class3 represents 15.
Index: Displays the index of the time-range. Time-Range Name: Displays the name of the time-range. Slice: Displays the time-slice of the time-range. Mode: Displays the mode the time-range adopts. Operation: Click Edit to modify this time-range and click Detail to display the complete information of this time–range. 11.2.2 PoE Time-Range Create On this page you can create time-ranges. Choose the menu PoE→PoE Time-Range→PoE Time-Range Create to load the following page.
End Time: Set the end time of the time-slice. Time-Slice Table Index: Displays the index of the time-slice. Start Time: Displays the start time of the time-slice. End Time: Displays the end time of the time-slice. Delete: Click the Delete button to delete the corresponding time-slice. 11.2.3 PoE Holiday Config Holiday mode is applied as a different secured access control policy from the week mode. On this page you can define holidays according to your work arrangement.
End Date: Displays the end date of the holiday.
Chapter 12 SNMP SNMP Overview SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) has gained the most extensive application on the UDP/IP networks. SNMP provides a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. It is used for automatically managing the various network devices no matter the physical differences of the devices. Currently, the most network management systems are based on SNMP.
application requirement. SNMP v1: SNMP v1 adopts Community Name authentication. The community name is used to define the relation between SNMP Management Station and SNMP Agent. The SNMP packets failing to pass community name authentication are discarded. The community name can limit access to SNMP Agent from SNMP NMS, functioning as a password. SNMP v2c: SNMP v2c also adopts community name authentication. It is compatible with SNMP v1 while enlarges the function of SNMP v1.
The User configured in a SNMP Group can manage the switch via the client program on management station. The specified User Name and the Auth/Privacy Password are used for SNMP Management Station to access the SNMP Agent, functioning as the password. SNMP module is used to configure the SNMP function of the switch, including three submenus: SNMP Config, Notification and RMON. 12.1 SNMP Config The SNMP Config can be implemented on the Global Config, SNMP View, SNMP Group, SNMP User and SNMP Community pages.
12.1.2 SNMP View The OID (Object Identifier) of the SNMP packets is used to describe the managed objects of the switch, and the MIB (Management Information Base) is the set of the OIDs. The SNMP View is created for the SNMP management station to manage MIB objects. Choose the menu SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP View to load the following page. Figure 12-4 SNMP View The following entries are displayed on this screen: View Config View Name: Give a name to the View for identification.
Figure 12-5 SNMP Group The following entries are displayed on this screen: Group Config Group Name: Enter the SNMP Group name. The Group Name, Security Model and Security Level compose the identifier of the SNMP Group. The Groups with these three items the same are considered to be the same. Security Model: Select the Security Model for the SNMP Group. v1: SNMPv1 is defined for the group. In this model, the Community Name is used for authentication.
Notify View: Select the View to be the Notify View. The management station can receive trap messages of the assigned SNMP view generated by the switch's SNMP agent. Group Table Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding group. It is multi-optional. Group Name: Displays the Group Name here. Security Model: Displays the Security Model of the group. Security Level: Displays the Security Level of the group. Read View: Displays the Read View name in the entry.
User Config User Name: Enter the User Name here. User Type: Select the type for the User. Local User: Indicates that the user is connected to a local SNMP engine. Remote User: Indicates that the user is connected to a remote SNMP engine. Group Name: Select the Group Name of the User. The User is classified to the corresponding Group according to its Group Name, Security Model and Security Level. Security Model: Select the Security Model for the User.
12.1.5 SNMP Community SNMP v1 and SNMP v2c adopt community name authentication. The community name can limit access to the SNMP agent from SNMP network management station, functioning as a password. If SNMP v1 or SNMP v2c is employed, you can directly configure the SNMP Community on this page without configuring SNMP Group and User. Choose the menu SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP Community to load the following page.
Configuration Procedure: If SNMPv3 is employed, please take the following steps: Step Operation Description 1 Enable SNMP function globally. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→Global Config page, enable SNMP function globally. 2 Create SNMP View. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP View page, create SNMP View of the management agent. The default View Name is viewDefault and the default OID is 1. 3 Create SNMP Group. Required.
12.2 Notification With the Notification function enabled, the switch can initiatively report to the management station about the important events that occur on the Views (e.g., the managed device is rebooted), which allows the management station to monitor and process the events in time. The notification information includes the following two types: Trap ： Trap is the information that the managed device initiatively sends to the Network management station without request.
Type: Select the type for the notifications. Trap: Indicates traps are sent. Inform: Indicates informs are sent. The Inform type has a higher security than the Trap type. Retry: Specify the amount of times the switch resends an inform request. The switch will resend the inform request if it doesn’t get the response from the management station during the Timeout interval, and it will terminate resending the inform request if the resending times reach the specified Retry times.
RMON Group Function History Group After a history group is configured, the switch collects and records network statistics information periodically, based on which the management station can monitor network effectively. Event Group Event Group is used to define RMON events. Alarms occur when an event is detected. Statistic Group Statistic Group is set to monitor the statistic of alarm variables on the specific ports. Alarm Group Alarm Group is configured to monitor the specific alarm variables.
Status: Select Enable/Disable the corresponding sampling entry. 12.3.2 Event Config On this page, you can configure the RMON events. Choose the menu SNMP→RMON→Event Config to load the following page. Figure 12-10 Event Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Event Table Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. User: Enter the name of the User or the community to which the event belongs.
Figure 12-11 Alarm Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Alarm Table Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. Variable: Select the alarm variables from the pull-down list. Port: Select the port on which the Alarm entry acts. Sample Type: Specify the sampling method for the selected variable and comparing the value against the thresholds.
Interval: Enter the alarm interval time in seconds. Owner: Enter the name of the device or user that defined the entry. Status: Select Enable/Disable the corresponding alarm entry. Note: When alarm variables exceed the Threshold on the same direction continuously for several times, an alarm event will only be generated on the first time, that is, the Rising Alarm and Falling Alarm are triggered alternately for that the alarm following to Rising Alarm is certainly a Falling Alarm and vice versa.
Chapter 13 LLDP Note: Only TL-SG2424P supports LLDP function. LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) is a Layer 2 protocol that is used for network devices to advertise their own device information periodically to neighbors on the same IEEE 802 local area network. The advertised information, including details such as device identification, capabilities and configuration settings, is represented in TLV (Type/Length/Value) format according to the IEEE 802.
or to allow the port to both transmit and receive LLDPDUs. Four LLDP admin statuses are supported by each port. Tx&Rx: the port can both transmit and receive LLDPDUs. Rx_Only: the port can receive LLDPDUs only. Tx_Only: the port can transmit LLDPDUs only. Disable: the port cannot transmit or receive LLDPDUs. 2) 3) LLDPDU transmission mechanism If the ports are working in TxRx or Tx mode, they will advertise local information by sending LLDPDUs periodically.
The following table shows the details about the currently defined TLVs. TLV type TLV Name Description Usage in LLDPDU 0 End of LLDPDU Mark the end of the TLV sequence in LLDPDUs. Any information following an End Of LLDPDU TLV shall be ignored. Mandatory 1 Chassis ID Identifies the Chassis address of the connected device. Mandatory 2 Port ID Identifies the specific port that transmitted the LLDP frame.
Note: For detailed introduction of TLV, please refer to IEEE 802.1AB standard and ANSI/TIA-1057. In TP-LINK switch, the following LLDP optional TLVs are supported. Port Description TLV The Port Description TLV allows network management to advertise the IEEE 802 LAN station's port description. System Capabilities TLV The System Capabilities TLV identifies the primary functions of the system and whether or not these primary functions are enabled.
The LLDP module is mainly for LLDP function configuration of the switch, including three submenus: Basic Config, Device Info, Device Statistics and LLDP-MED. 13.1 Basic Config LLDP is configured on the Global Config and Port Config pages. 13.1.1 Global Config On this page you can configure the LLDP parameters of the device globally. Choose the menu LLDP→Basic Config→Global Config to load the following page.
Fast Start Times: When the port's LLDP state transforms from Disable (or Rx_Only) to Tx&Rx (or Tx_Only), the fast start mechanism will be enabled, that is, the transmit interval will be shorten to a second, and several LLDPDUs will be sent out (the number of LLDPDUs equals this parameter). The default value is 3. 13.1.2 Port Config On this page you can configure all ports' LLDP parameters. Choose the menu LLDP→Basic Config→Port Config to load the following page.
13.2 Device Info You can view the LLDP information of the local device and its neighbors on the Local Info and Neighbor Info pages respectively. 13.2.1 Local Info On this page you can see all ports' configuration and system information. Choose the menu LLDP→Device Info→Local Info to load the following page. Figure 13-3 LLDP Local Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the auto refresh function.
Refresh Rate: Specify the auto refresh rate. Local Info Enter the desired port number and click Select to display the information of the corresponding port. 13.2.2 Neighbor Info On this page you can get the information of the neighbors. Choose the menu LLDP→Device Info→Neighbor Info to load the following page. Figure 13-4 LLDP Neighbor Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the auto refresh function.
Figure 13-5 LLDP Statistic Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the auto refresh function. Refresh Rate: Specify the auto refresh rate. Global Statistics Last Update: Displays latest update time of the statistics. Total Inserts: Displays the number of neighbors inserted till last update time. Total Deletes: Displays the number of neighbors deleted by local device.
based on the port number you entered. Port: Displays local device's port number. Transmit Total: Displays the number of LLDPDUs sent by this port. Receive Total: Displays the number of LLDPDUs received by this port. Discards: Displays the number of LLDPDUs discarded by this port. Errors: Displays the number of error LLDPDUs received by this port. Ageouts: Displays the number of overtime neighbors linking to this port. TLV Discards: Displays the number of TLVs dropped by this port.
Extended Power-Via-MDI TLV The Extended Power-Via-MDI TLV is intended to enable advanced power management between LLDP-MED Endpoint and Network Connectivity Devices, and it allows advertisement of fine grained power requirement details, Endpoint power priority, as well as both Endpoint and Network Connectivity Device power status.
Figure 13-7 LLDP-MED Port Configuration The following entries are displayed on this screen: LLDP-MED Port Config Port Select: Select the desired port to configure. LLDP-MED Status: Configure the port's LLDP-MED status: Enable: Enable the port's LLDP-MED status, and the port's Admin Status will be changed to Tx&Rx. Disable: Disable the port's LLDP-MED status. Included TLVs: Select TLVs to be included in outgoing LLDPDU.
Included TLVs Select TLVs to be included in outgoing LLDPDU. Location Identification Parameters Configure the Location Identification TLV's content in outgoing LLDPDU of the port. Emergency Number: Emergency number is Emergency Call Service ELIN identifier, which is used during emergency call setup to a traditional CAMA or ISDN trunk-based PSAP.
Figure 13-8 LLDP-MED Local Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the auto refresh function. Refresh Rate: Specify the auto refresh rate. Local Info Enter the desired port number and click Select to display the information of the corresponding port. 13.4.4 Neighbor Info On this page you can get the LLDP-MED information of the neighbors. Choose the menu LLDP→LLDP-MED→Neighbor Info to load the following page.
Figure 13-9 LLDP-MED Neighbor Information The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Enable/Disable the auto refresh function. Refresh Rate: Specify the auto refresh rate. Neighbor Info Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Local Port: Displays the local port number connecting to the neighbor device. Device Type: Displays the device type of the neighbor.
Chapter 14 Maintenance Maintenance module, assembling the commonly used system tools to manage the switch, provides the convenient method to locate and solve the network problem. （1） System Monitor: Monitor the utilization status of the memory and the CPU of switch. （2） Log: View the configuration parameters of the switch and find out the errors via the Logs. （3） Cable Test: Test the connection status of the cable to locate and diagnose the trouble spot of the network.
14.1.2 Memory Monitor Choose the menu Maintenance→System Monitor→Memory Monitor to load the following page. Figure 14-2 Memory Monitor Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its Memory utilization rate every four seconds. 14.2 Log The Log system of switch can record, classify and manage the system information effectively, providing powerful support for network administrator to monitor network operation and diagnose malfunction.
The Log function is implemented on the Log Table, Local Log, Remote Log and Backup Log pages. 14.2.1 Log Table The switch supports logs output to two directions, namely, log buffer and log file. The information in log buffer will be lost after the switch is rebooted or powered off whereas the information in log file will be kept effective even the switch is rebooted or powered off. Log Table displays the system log information in log buffer.
Choose the menu Maintenance→Log→Local Log to load the following page. Figure 14-4 Local Log The following entries are displayed on this screen: Local Log Config Select: Select the desired entry to configure the corresponding local log. Log Buffer: Indicates the RAM for saving system log. The inforamtion in the log buffer is displayed on the Log Table page. It will be lost when the switch is restarted. Log File: Indicates the flash sector for saving system log.
Figure 14-5 Log Host The following entries are displayed on this screen: Log Host Index: Displays the index of the log host. The switch supports 4 log hosts. Host IP: Configure the IP for the log host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port used for receiving/sending log information. Here we use the standard port 514. Severity: Specify the severity level of the log information sent to each log host. Only the log with the same or smaller severity level value will be sent to the corresponding log host.
Backup Log Backup Log: Click the Backup Log button to save the log as a file to your computer. Note: It will take a few minutes to backup the log file. Please wait without any operation. 14.3 Device Diagnostics This switch provides Cable Test and Loopback functions for device diagnose. 14.3.1 Cable Test Cable Test functions to test the connection status of the cable connected to the switch, which facilitates you to locate and diagnose the trouble spot of the network.
14.3.2 Loopback Loopback test function, looping the sender and the receiver of the signal, is used to test whether the port of the switch is available as well as to check and analyze the physical connection status of the port to help you locate and solve network malfunctions. Choose the menu Maintenance→Device Diagnostics→Loopback to load the following page.
Figure 14-9 Ping The following entries are displayed on this screen: Ping Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination node for Ping test. Ping Times: Enter the amount of times to send test data during Ping testing. The default value is recommended. Data Size: Enter the size of the sending data during Ping testing. The default value is recommended. Interval: Specify the interval to send ICMP request packets. The default value is recommended. 14.4.
Tracert Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination device. Max Hop: Specify the maximum number of the route hops the test data can pass through.
Appendix A: Specifications IEEE802.3 10Base-T Ethernet IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX/100Base-FX Fast Ethernet IEEE802.3ab 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet Standards IEEE802.3z 1000Base-X Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3x Flow Control IEEE802.1p QoS IEEE802.1q VLAN Ethernet: 10Mbps HD，20Mbps FD Transmission Rate Fast Ethernet: 100Mbps HD，200Mbps FD Gigabit Ethernet: 2000Mbps FD 10Base-T: UTP/STP of Cat. 3 or above 100Base-TX: UTP/STP of Cat.
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Appendix B: Configuring the PCs In this section, we’ll introduce how to install and configure the TCP/IP correctly in Windows 2000. First make sure your Ethernet Adapter is working, refer to the adapter’s manual if necessary. 1) On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel. 2) Click the Network and Internet Connections icon, and then click on the Network Connections tab in the appearing window.
5) The following TCP/IP Properties window will display and the IP Address tab is open on this window by default. Figure B-3 6) Select Use the following IP address. And the following items will be available. If the switch's IP address is 192.168.0.1, specify IP address as 192.168.0.x (x is from 2 to 254), and the Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0. Now: Click OK to save your settings.
Appendix C: Glossary Boot Protocol (BOOTP) BOOTP is used to provide bootup information for network devices, including IP address information, the address of the TFTP server that contains the devices system files, and the name of the boot file. Class of Service (CoS) CoS is supported by prioritizing packets based on the required level of service, and then placing them in the appropriate output queue.
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) A protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services. If there is more than one multicast switch/router on a given subnetwork, one of the devices is made the “querier” and assumes responsibility for keeping track of group membership. IGMP Snooping Listening to IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred between IP Multicast routers and IP Multicast host groups to identify IP Multicast group members.
Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (RADIUS) RADIUS is a logon authentication protocol that uses software running on a central server to control access to RADIUS-compliant devices on the network. Remote Monitoring (RMON) RMON provides comprehensive network monitoring capabilities. It eliminates the polling required in standard SNMP, and can set alarms on a variety of traffic conditions, including specific error types.
