locate, communicate, accelerate LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 quad-band GSM/GPRS Data and Voice Modules System Integration Manual Abstract This document describes the features and integration of the LEON-G100/G200 quad-band GSM/GPRS data and voice modules. The LEON-G100/G200 are complete and cost efficient solutions, bringing full feature quad-band GSM/GPRS data and voice transmission technology in a compact form factor. 29.5 x 18.9 x 3.0 mm www.u-blox.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Document Information Title LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Subtitle quad-band GSM/GPRS Data and Voice Modules Document type System Integration Manual Document number GSM.G1-HW-09002-G3 Document status Preliminary Document status information Objective This document contains target values. Revised and supplementary data will be published Specification later. Advance This document contains data based on early testing.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Preface u-blox Technical Documentation As part of our commitment to customer support, u-blox maintains an extensive volume of technical documentation for our products. In addition to our product-specific technical data sheets, the following manuals are available to assist u-blox customers in product design and development.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Contents Preface ................................................................................................................................ 3 Contents.............................................................................................................................. 4 1 System description ....................................................................................................... 7 1.1 1.2 Overview ..............................
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.1 Design-in checklist .............................................................................................................................. 83 2.1.1 Schematic checklist ..................................................................................................................... 83 2.1.2 Layout checklist ........................................................................................................................... 83 2.1.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 5 4.2.5 4.2.6 Repeated reflow soldering ......................................................................................................... 113 Wave soldering.......................................................................................................................... 113 4.2.7 Hand soldering .......................................................................................................................... 113 4.2.8 4.2.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1 System description 1.1 Overview LEON-G100/LEON-G200 GSM/GPRS modules integrate a full-featured Release 99 GSM-GPRS protocol stack, with the following main characteristics.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.2 Architecture 32.768 kHz 26 MHz Power-On PA ANT Reset SAW Filter Switch RF Transceiver GPIO DDC (for GPS) SIM Card Memory UART Baseband 2 Analog Audio Headset Detection Vcc Power Management Digital Audio V_BCKP ADC Figure 1: LEON-G100 block diagram 32.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.2.1 Functional blocks LEON-G100/LEON-G200 modules consist of the following functional blocks: RF Baseband Power Management 1.2.1.1 RF The RF block is composed of the following main elements: RF transceiver (integrated in the GSM/GPRS single chip) performing modulation, up-conversion of the baseband I/Q signals, down-conversion and demodulation of the RF received signals.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.2.2 Hardware differences between LEON-G100 and LEON-G200 Hardware differences between the LEON-G100 and the LEON-G200 modules: Charging control circuitry is available on the LEON-G200 module only ADC input is provided on the LEON-G100 module only 1.3 Pin-out Table 1 describes the pin-out of LEON-G100/LEON-G200 modules, with pins grouped by function.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Function SIM UART Pin No I/O Description Remarks I2S_TXD 27 O I2S transmit data Check device specifications to ensure compatibility of supported modes to LEON-G100/LEON-G200 module. Add a test point to provide access to the pin for debugging. See section 1.10.2.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Function Pin No I/O Description Remarks TxD 15 I UART transmitted data RxD 16 O UART received data SCL 30 O I2C bus clock line Internal active pull-up to 2.85 V enabled. Circuit 103 (TxD) in V.24. See section 1.9.1. Circuit 104 (RxD) in V.24. See section 1.9.1. Fixed open drain. External pull-up required. See section 1.9.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.4 Operating modes LEON-G100/LEON-G200 modules include several operating modes, each have different features and interfaces. Table 2 summarizes the various operating modes and provides general guidelines for operation. Operating Mode Description Features / Remarks Transition condition Module is switched off. Application interfaces are not accessible. Internal RTC timer operates only if a valid voltage is applied to V_BCKP pin.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Operating Mode Description Connected-Mode Voice or data call enabled. Microprocessor runs with 26 MHz as reference oscillator. The module is ready to accept data signals from an external device. Features / Remarks Transition condition The module is switched on and a voice call or a data call (GSM/GPRS) is in progress. Module is fully active. Application interfaces are enabled.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.5 Power management 1.5.1 Power supply circuit overview 4-Bands GSM FEM LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Antenna Switch PA GSM/GPRS Chipset Charging Control VCC LDOs RF LDOs BB LDO EBU 50 2 x 22 µF MCP Memory NOR Flash LDO PSRAM LDO V_BCKP RTC 2 1 µF VSIM 35 1 µF Figure 3: Power supply concept Power supply is via VCC pin. This is the only main power supply pin.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.5.2 Module supply (VCC) LEON-G100/LEON-G200 modules must be supplied through VCC pin by a DC power supply. Voltages must be stable, due to the surging consumption profile of the GSM system (described in the section 1.5.3). Name Description Remarks VCC Module Supply GND Ground Clean and stable supply is required: low ripple and low voltage drop must be guaranteed. Voltage provided has to be always above the minimum limit of the operating range.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual When designing the power supply for the application, pay specific attention to power losses and transients.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Main Supply Available? No, portable device Battery Li-Ion 3.7 V Yes, always available Main Supply Voltage >5 V? No, less than 5 V Linear LDO Regulator Yes, greater than 5 V Switching Step-Down Regulator Figure 5: VCC supply concept selection The switching step-down regulator is the typical choice when the available primary supply source has a nominal voltage much higher (e.g. greater than 5 V) than the LEON-G100/LEON-G200 operating supply voltage.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual PWM mode and high efficiency burst or PFM mode can be used, provided the mode transition occurs when the GSM module changes status from idle mode (current consumption approximately 1 mA) to active mode (current consumption approximately 100 mA): it is permissible to use a regulator that switches from the PWM mode to the burst or PFM mode at an appropriate current threshold (e.g.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 12V LEON-G100 LEON-G200 8 VCC OUT 1 3 INH C1 6 FSW C6 R5 U1 2 SYNC R1 R3 C3 FB 5 COMP 4 50 VCC L1 D1 C4 R4 C2 R2 GND 7 GND C5 Figure 7: Suggested schematic design for the VCC voltage supply application circuit using a low cost step-down regulator Reference Description Part Number - Manufacturer C1 22 µF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 1210 10% 25 V GRM32ER61E226KE15 – Murata C2 100 µF Capacitor Tantalum B_SIZE 20% 6.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 LEON-G200 5V 2 IN OUT 4 50 VCC U1 C1 R1 R2 1 SHDN ADJ GND 3 C2 5 GND R3 Figure 8: Suggested schematic design for the VCC voltage supply application circuit using an LDO linear regulator Reference Description C1 C2 10 µF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0603 20% 6.3 V 10 µF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0603 20% 6.3 V GRM188R60J106ME47 - Murata GRM188R60J106ME47 - Murata Part Number - Manufacturer R1 R2 47 kΩ Resistor 0402 5% 0.1 W 4.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Maximum pulse and DC discharge current: the no-rechargeable battery with its output circuit has to be capable to deliver 2.5 A current pulses with 1/8 duty cycle to VCC pin and has to be capable to deliver a DC current greater than the module maximum average current consumption to VCC pin.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.5.3 Current consumption profiles During operation, the current consumed by LEON-G100/LEON-G200 through VCC pin can vary by several orders of magnitude. This is applied to ranges from the high peak of current consumption during the GSM transmitting bursts at maximum power level in connected mode, to the low current consumption in idle mode when power saving configuration is enabled. 1.5.3.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual slots/bursts) with a periodicity of 4.615 ms (width of 1 frame = 8 slots/bursts), so with a 1/4 duty cycle, according to GSM TDMA. In the following figure is reported the current consumption profiles with 2 slots used to transmit. Current [A] 2.5 2.0 1800 mA 1.5 Peak current depends on TX power 1.0 0.5 ~170 mA 0.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Current [mA] ~150 mA 150 100 50 0 500-700 µA Current [mA] Time [s] ~30 ms 0.44-2.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Current [mA] ~150 mA 150 100 50 20-22 mA 0 Time [s] 0.47-2.12 s Paging period Current [mA] ~150 mA 150 100 50 38-40 mA 20-22 mA 20-22 mA 0 RX Enabled DSP Enabled Time [ms] ACTIVE MODE Figure 13: Description of the VCC current consumption profile versus time when power saving is disabled: active-mode is always held, and the receiver and the DSP are periodically activated to monitor the paging channel for paging block reception 1.5.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The V_CHARGE pin is the charger supply input: it sinks the charge current that is typically in the order of several hundred of mA. The CHARGE_SENSE pin is connected to an internal ADC converter to measure the charging voltage: it senses the charger voltage and sinks a few µA. V_CHARGE and CHARGE_SENSE pins must be externally connected together as shown in Figure 14.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual charger parts and to gently charge the deeply discharged batteries: the average pre-charge current is ~1/8 (i.e. 12.5%) of the current provided by the external charger, so it is ~1/8 of the external charger current limit. Pre-charging phase is hardware controlled and continues as long as the VCC voltage reaches the 3.1 V typical limit, so the module is able to start the following fast charging phase.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Maximum voltage The voltage limit of the external charger must be ≤ 15 V.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual V 16 15.0 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 5.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.5.5 RTC Supply (V_BCKP) V_BCKP connects the Real Time Clock (RTC) supply, generated internally by a linear regulator integrated in the module chipset. The output of this linear regulator is enabled when the main voltage supply providing the module through VCC is within the valid operating range, or if the module is switched-off. Name Description Remarks V_BCKP Real Time Clock supply V_BCKP = 2.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual (a) LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 2 (b) V_BCKP C1 LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 2 R2 (c) V_BCKP LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 2 V_BCKP 2V C2 (superCap) Figure 17: Real time clock supply (V_BCKP) application circuits: (a) using a 100 µF capacitor to let the RTC run for 50 seconds at 25°C; (b) using a 70 mF capacitor to let the RTC run for ~10 hours at 25°C when the VCC supply is removed; (c) using a not rechargeable battery Reference Description Part Number - Manufact
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.6.1.1 Rising edge on VCC When a supply is connected to VCC pin, the module supply supervision circuit controls the subsequent activation of the power up state machines: the module is switched-on when the voltage rises up to the VCC normal operating range minimum limit (3.35 V) starting from a voltage value lower than 2.25 V. 1.6.1.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Power-on push button 2 V_BCKP 19 PWR_ON 100 k ESD Application Processor LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 2 V_BCKP 19 PWR_ON 100 k Figure 18: Power on (PWR_ON) application circuits using a push button or using an application processor 1.6.1.3 RTC alarm The module can be switched-on by the RTC alarm if a valid voltage is applied to VCC pin, when Real Time Clock system reaches a pre-defined scheduled time.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual by the action of the internal pull-up and the configuration of the module interfaces will start: during this phase any digital pin is set in a proper sequence from reset state to the default operational configuration. The module is fully ready to operate when all the interfaces are configured.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.6.2 Module power off The correct way to switch off LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules is by means of the AT command AT+CPWROFF (more details in u-blox AT Commands Manual [2]): in this way the current parameter settings are saved in the module’s non-volatile memory and a proper network detach is performed.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.6.3 Module reset LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules can be reset using the RESET_N pin: when the RESET_N pin is forced low for at least 50 ms, an “external” or “hardware” reset is performed, that causes an asynchronous reset of the entire module, except for the RTC. Forcing an “external” or “hardware” reset, the current parameter settings are not saved in the module’s non-volatile memory and a proper network detach is not performed.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V Reset push button OUT Ferrite Bead ESD 12.6 k RESET_N 22 IN 47 pF Application Processor LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V OUT Ferrite Bead 12.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V 220 OUT 330 k Ferrite Bead IN 47 pF Application Processor 12.6 k RESET_N 22 LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V 22 k INPUT 330 k OUT Ferrite Bead IN 47 pF Application Processor 12.6 k RESET_N 22 LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V OUT Ferrite Bead INPUT 680 k 47 pF 12.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Depends on the pull-down strength (~35 µs with 680 k) HIGH = 1.88 V RESET_N LOW = 0 V 0 160 Reset state start Reset state end time [µs] Figure 23: RESET_N behavior due to an internal reset 1.6.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The recommendations of the antenna producer for correct installation and deployment (PCB layout and matching circuitry) must be followed. If an external antenna is used, the PCB-to-RF-cable transition must be implemented using either a suitable 50 Ω connector, or an RF-signal solder pad (including GND) that is optimized for 50 Ω characteristic impedance.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 SIM CARD HOLDER VSIM 35 CCVCC (C1) CCVPP (C6) SIM_IO 33 CCIO (C7) SIM_CLK 32 CCCLK (C3) SIM_RST 34 CCRST (C2) GND (C5) C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 D1 D2 C C C 5 6 7 C C C 1 2 3 SIM Card Bottom View (contacts side) J1 Figure 24: SIM interface application circuit Reference Description Part Number - Manufacturer C1, C2, C3, C4 C5 47 pF Capacitor Ceramic COG 0402 5% 25 V 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X7R 0402 10% 16 V GRM1555C1H470JZ
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.9 Serial Communication 1.9.1 Asynchronous serial interface (UART) The UART interface is a 9-wire unbalanced asynchronous serial interface that provides an AT commands interface, GPRS data and CSD data, software upgrades. The UART interface provides RS-232 functionality conforming with ITU-T V.24 Recommendation [4], with CMOS compatible signal levels: 0 V for low data bit or ON state, and 2.85 V for high data bit or OFF state.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual All flow control handshakes are supported by the UART interface and can be set by appropriate AT commands (see u-blox AT Commands Manual [2], AT&K command): hardware flow control (RTS/CTS), software flow control (XON/XOFF), or no flow control. Autobauding is supported. It can be enabled or disabled by an AT command (see u-blox AT Commands Manual [2], AT+IPR command). Autobauding is enabled by default. Hardware flow control is enabled by default.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.9.1.2 UART signal behavior (AT commands interface case) Refer to Table 2 for a description of operating modes and states referred to in this section. At the module switch-on, before the initialization of the UART interface (each pin is first tristated and then set to its relative reset state reported in the pin description table in LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Data Sheet [1] (see the power on sequence description in Figure 19).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual If AT+UPSV=2 is set and HW flow control is disabled, the RTS line is monitored by the module to manage the power saving configuration: When an OFF-to-ON transition occurs on the RTS input line, the module switches from idle-mode to active-mode after 20 ms and the module doesn’t enter idle-mode until the RTS input line is held in the ON state If RTS is set to OFF state by the DTE, the module automatically enters idle-mode whenever possible as in the A
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1s RI OFF RI ON 0 5 10 15 time [s] Call incomes Figure 26: RI behavior during an incoming call The RI line can notify an SMS arrival. When the SMS arrives, the RI line switches from OFF to ON for 1 s (see Figure 27), if the feature is enabled by the proper AT command (refer to u-blox AT Commands Manual [2], AT+CNMI command).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual AT+UPSV HW flow control RTS line Communication during idle mode and wake up 0 Enabled (AT&K3) ON Data sent by the DTE will be correctly received by the module. 0 Enabled (AT&K3) OFF Data sent by the module will be buffered by the module and will be correctly received by the DTE when it will be ready to receive data (i.e. RTS line will be ON). 0 Disabled (AT&K0) ON Data sent by the DTE will be correctly received by the module.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Every subsequent character received during the active-mode, resets and restarts the timer; hence the activemode duration can be extended indefinitely. The behavior of hardware flow-control output (CTS line) during normal module operations with power-saving and HW flow control enabled (cyclic idle-mode and active-mode) is illustrated in Figure 28. Data input CTS OFF CTS ON time [s] max ~2.1 s UART disabled min ~11 ms UART enabled ~9.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Wake up from idle-mode to active-mode via data reception If a data is transmitted by the DTE during the module idle-mode, it will be lost (not correctly received by the module) in the following cases: AT+UPSV=1 with hardware flow control disabled AT+UPSV=2 with hardware flow control disabled and RTS line set to OFF When the module is in idle-mode, the TxD input line of the module is always configured to wake up the module from idle-mode to active-mode
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Figure 30 shows the case where in addition to the wake-up character further (valid) characters are sent. The wake up character wakes-up the DCE. The other characters must be sent after the “wake up time” of 20 ms. If this condition is met, the characters are recognized by the DCE. The DCE is allowed to re-enter idle-mode after 2000 GSM frames from the latest data reception. Active mode is held for 2000 GSM frames (~9.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 (DCE) Application Processor (DTE) 0Ω TP 0Ω TP 15 TXD 16 RXD RTS 13 RTS CTS 14 CTS DTR 12 DTR DSR 9 DSR RI 10 RI DCD 11 DCD TxD RxD GND GND Figure 31: UART interface application circuit with complete V.24 link in the DTE/DCE serial communication Providing the TxD, RxD, RTS and CTS lines only (not using the complete V.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Providing the TxD and RxD lines only (not using the complete V24 link) If the functionality of the CTS, RTS, DSR, DCD, RI and DTR lines is not required in the application, or the lines are not available, the application circuit described in Figure 33 must be implemented: Connect the module DTR input line to GND, since the module requires DTR active (low electrical level) Connect the module RTS input line to GND, since the module requires RTS active (
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual It is highly recommended to provide on an application board a direct access to RxD and TxD lines of the module (in addition to access to these lines from an application processor). This enables a direct connection of PC (or similar) to the module for execution of Firmware upgrade over the UART.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.9.2 DDC (I2C) interface 1.9.2.1 Overview 2 An I C compatible Display Data Channel (DDC) interface for communication with u-blox GPS receivers is available on LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules. This interface is intended exclusively to access u-blox GPS receivers. Name Description Remarks SCL I2C bus clock line Fixed open drain. External pull-up required. I2C bus data line Fixed open drain. External pull-up required.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.9.2.2 DDC application circuit General considerations 2 The DDC (I C) interface of the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules is used only to connect the wireless module to 2 a u-blox GPS receiver: the DDC (I C) interface is enabled by the AT+UGPS command only (for more details refer 2 to u-blox AT Commands Manual [2]). The SDA and SCL lines must be connected to the DDC (I C) interface pins of the u-blox GPS receiver (i.e.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The pin must be connected to the active-high enable pin (or the active-low shutdown pin) of the voltage regulator that supplies the u-blox GPS receiver on the application board. The “GPS supply enable” function improves the current consumption of the GPS receiver. When GPS functionality is not required, the wireless module controlled by the application processor can completely switch off the GPS receiver using AT commands.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual u-blox 3.0 V GPS receiver LEON-Gx00-06x or subsequent V_BCKP 2 V_BCKP 21 GPIO2 SDA2 31 SDA SCL2 30 SCL TxD1 23 GPIO3 EXTINT0 24 GPIO4 GPS LDO Regulator 3V0 VCC OUT 3V0 3V0 VMAIN IN SHDN C1 GND U1 R1 R3 R2 Figure 34: Application circuit for LEON-G100-06x / LEON-G200-06S wireless modules (and subsequent versions) and u-blox 3.0 V GPS receivers Reference Description Part Number - Manufacturer R1, R2 R3 4.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The pin must be connected to the active-high enable pin (or the active-low shutdown pin) of the voltage regulator that supplies the u-blox GPS receiver on the application board. The “GPS supply enable” function improves the power consumption of the GPS receiver. When GPS functionality is not required, the wireless module controlled by the application processor can completely switch off the GPS receiver using AT commands.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.10 Audio LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules provide four analog and one digital audio interfaces: Two microphone inputs: First microphone input can be used for direct connection of the electret condenser microphone of a handset.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual MIC_BIAS1: single ended supply to the first microphone and represents the microphone signal input MIC_GND1: local ground for the first microphone Second microphone input: MIC_BIAS2: single ended supply to the second microphone and represents the microphone signal input MIC_GND2: local ground for the second microphone For a description of the internal function blocks see Figure 41. 1.10.1.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.10.1.3 Handset mode Handset mode is the default audio operating mode of LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules. In this mode the main uplink audio path is “Handset microphone”, the main downlink audio path is “Normal earpiece” (refer to u-blox AT Commands Manual [2]; AT+USPM command: , parameters).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Figure 37 shows an application circuit connecting a headset (with a 2.2 kΩ electret microphone and a 32 Ω receiver) to the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules. Pin 2 & 5 are shorted in the headset connector, causing HS_DET to be pulled low. When the headset plug is inserted HS_DET is pulled up internally by the module, causing a rising edge for detection.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The default parameters for audio uplink profiles “Handset microphone” and “Headset microphone” (refer to u-blox AT Commands Manual [2]; AT+UMGC, AT+UUBF, AT+UHFP) are for a handset and a headset microphone. To implement hands-free mode, these parameters should be changed on the audio path corresponding to the connection chosen. Procedure to tune parameters for hands-free mode (gains, echo canceller) can be found in LEON Audio Application Note [12].
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual (e.g. Murata GRM188R60J106M) is provided to decouple the bias present at the module output. A voltage divider is provided to correctly adapt the signal level from the module output to the external audio device input. The DC-block series capacitor acts as high-pass filter for audio signals, with cut-off frequency depending on both the values of capacitor and on the input impedance of the audio device.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Reference Description Part Number - Manufacturer C1, C2, C3, C4 R1, R3 10 µF Capacitor X5R 0603 5% 6.3 V 0 Ω Resistor 0402 5% 0.1 W GRM188R60J106M - Murata RC0402JR-070RL - Yageo Phycomp R2, R4 Not populated Table 25: Example of components for the connection to an analog audio device 1.10.2 Digital Audio interface 2 LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules support a bidirectional 4-wire I S digital audio interface. The module acts as 2 master only.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 3.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2 1.10.2.2 Normal I S mode 2 Normal I S mode supports: 16 bits word Mono interface 8 kHz frequency 2 2 Main features of I S interface in Normal I S mode: I2S_WA signal always runs at 8 kHz and the channel can be either high or low I2S_TX data 16 bit words with 32 bit frame and 2, dual mono (the word can be written on 2 channels). Data are in 2’s complement notation. MSB is transmitted first.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.10.3 Voice-band processing system The digital voice-band processing on the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 is implemented in the DSP core inside the baseband chipset. The analog audio front-end of the chipset is connected to the digital system through 16 bit ADC converters in the uplink path, and through 16 bit DAC converters in the downlink path.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The circular buffer is a 3000 word buffer to store and mix the voice-band samples from Midi synthesizer. The buffer has a circular structure, so that when the write pointer reaches the end of the buffer, it is wrapped t o the begin address of the buffer. Two different sample-based sample rate converters are used: an interpolator, required to convert the samplebased voice-band processing sampling rate of 8 kHz to the analog audio front-end output rate of 47.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual If the ADC1 pin is not used, it can be left floating on the application board. The electrical behavior of the measurement circuit in voltage mode can be modeled by a circuit equivalent to that shown in Figure 42. This includes a resistor (Req), voltage source (Ueq), analog preamplifier (with typical gain G=0.5), and a digital amplifier (with typical gain gADC=2048 LSB/V).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Calibration is performed providing two known reference values (V_1 and V_2) instead of the voltage source (V_S) that has to be measured by the ADC. V_1 and V_2 values should be as different as possible: taking into account of the ADC applicable range, the maximum limit and the minimum limit for the voltage source has to be applied to obtain the best accuracy in calibration.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.12 General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules provide some pins which can be configured as general purpose input or output, or to provide special functions via u-blox AT commands (for further details refer to u-blox AT Commands Manual [2], AT+UGPIOC, AT+UGPIOR, AT+UGPIOW, AT+UGPS, AT+UGPRF, AT+USPM).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Output, to provide a synchronization time signal to the u-blox GPS receiver for RTC sharing if the parameter of AT+UGPS command is set to 1 and the parameter of AT+UGPRF command is set to 32 o Output / Low, otherwise (default setting) The pin must be connected to the synchronization timing input of the u-blox GPS receiver (i.e. the pin EXTINT0 of the u-blox GPS receiver) on the application board.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Pad disabled: All the GPIOs (GPIO1, GPIO2, GPIO3, GPIO4 and HS_DET) can be configured in tri-state with an internal active pull-down enabled, as a not used pin, setting the parameter of +UGPIOC AT command to 255. The pin configured to provide the “Pad disabled” function is set as o Tri-state with an internal active pull-down enabled 1.12.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The GPIO2 pin can be configured as general purpose output, setting the parameter of AT+UGPIOC command to 0.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual No Module Name Description Remarks 24 LEON-Gx00-04S LEON-Gx00-05S LEON-G100-06x LEON-G200-06S or subsequent Reserved Reserved Pad disabled GPIO4 GPIO LEON-Gx00-04S LEON-Gx00-05S HS_DET Headset detection By default, the pin is configured to provide the GPS RTC sharing function.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual u-blox 3.0V GPS receiver LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 3V8 LDO Regulator IN GPIO2 21 GPS Supply Enable 23 GPIO4 24 VCC SHDN R1 GPIO3 3V0 OUT C1 GND U1 GPS Data Ready TxD1 GPS RTC sharing EXTINT0 Headset Connector HS_DET 18 Headset Detection 5 2 J1 D1 3V8 R4 DL1 GPIO1 20 Network Indicator TestPoint R2 T1 R3 Figure 43: GPIO application circuit Reference Description Part Number - Manufacturer R1 47 kΩ Resistor 0402 5% 0.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.13 Schematic for module integration Figure 44 is an example of a schematic diagram where the LEON-G200-06S module is integrated into an application board, using all the interfaces of the module. LEON-G200-06S Li-Ion battery 3V8 50 ANT VCC Antenna 47 + ESD 330µF 100nF 10nF 3V8 39pF 10pF GND IN GPIO2 Charger 5 CHARGE_SENSE 4 V_CHARGE ESD GND 2 RTC back-up 100µF LDO Regulator 21 u-blox 3.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 1.14 Approvals 1.14.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device Radio Frequency (RF) Exposure Information o The radiated output power of the u-blox Wireless Module is below the Industry Canada (IC) radio frequency exposure limits. The u-blox Wireless Module should be used in such a manner such that the potential for human contact during normal operation is minimized.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual ICASA (Independent Communications Authority of South Africa) ANATEL (Brazilian Agency of Telecommunications, in Portuguese, Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações) GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2 Design-In 2.1 Design-in checklist This section provides a design-in checklist. 2.1.1 Schematic checklist The following are the most important points for a simple schematic check: DC supply must provide a nominal voltage at VCC pin above the minimum normal operating range limit. VCC supply should be clean, with very low ripple/noise: suggested passive filtering parts can be inserted.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Route VCC supply line away from sensitive analog signals. Avoid coupling of any noisy signals to microphone inputs lines. Ensure proper grounding. Consider “No-routing” areas for the Data Module footprint. Optimize placement for minimum length of RF line and closer path from DC source for VCC. 2.1.3 Antenna checklist Antenna should have 50 Ω impedance, V.S.W.R less then 3:1, recommended 2:1 on operating bands in deployment geographical area.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Rank Function 1st RF Antenna In/out 2nd DC Supply rd 3 th Audio Outputs Ground 5 Charger 6th Sensitive Pin: 7th Layout Remarks ANT Very Important Design for 50 characteristic impedance. See section 2.2.1.1 VCC line should be wide and short. Route away from sensitive analog signals. See section 2.2.1.2 Avoid coupling with noisy signals. See section 2.2.1.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The transmission line must be routed in a section of the PCB where minimal interference from noise sources can be expected Route ANT line far from other sensitive circuits as it is a source of electromagnetic interference Avoid coupling with VCC routing and analog audio lines Ensure solid metal connection of the adjacent metal layer on the PCB stack-up to main ground layer Add GND vias around transmission line Ensure no other signals
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual The module automatically initiates an emergency shutdown if supply voltage drops below hardware threshold. In addition, reduced supply voltage can set a worst case operation point for RF circuitry that may behave incorrectly. It follows that each voltage drop in the DC supply track will restrict the operating margin at the main DC source output. Therefore, the PCB connection has to exhibit a minimum or zero voltage drop.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Avoid coupling of any noisy signals to microphone inputs lines It is strongly recommended to route MIC signals away from battery and RF antenna lines. Try to skip fast switching digital lines as well Keep ground separation from other noisy signals. Use an intermediate GND layer or vias wall for coplanar signals MIC_BIAS and MIC_GND carry also the bias for external electret active microphone.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.2.1.5 Charger Layout (for LEON-G200 only) If battery charger is implemented, V_CHARGE must withstand the charge current (typically in the order of several hundred mA) continuous current sink. Voltage drop is not as critical as for VCC, but dimension the line width adequately to support the charge current without excessive loss that may lead to increase in PCB temperature. CHARGE_SENSE senses the charger voltage: it sinks a few µA.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.2.2 Footprint and paste mask Figure 47 and Figure 48 describe the footprint and provide recommendations for the paste mask for LEON modules. These are recommendations only and not specifications. The copper and solder masks have the same size and position. 29.5 mm [1161.4 mil] 1.0 mm [39.3 mil] 0.8 mm [31.5 mil] 1.1 mm [43.3 mil] Stencil: 120 µm 0.6 mm [23.6 mil] 1.55 mm [61.0 mil] 0.8 mm [31.5 mil] 0.8 mm [31.5 mil] 17.1 mm [673.2 mil] 18.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Figure 49: Ground copper and signal keep-out below data module on application motherboard due to due to VCC area, RF ANT pin and exposed GND pad on data module bottom layer GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Figure 50: Signals keep-out below data module on application motherboard due to GND opening on data module bottom layer for internal RF signals Routing below LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 on application motherboard is generally possible but not recommended: in addition to the required keep-out defined before, consider that the insulation offered by the solder mask painting may be weakened corresponding to micro-vias on LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 bottom layer, thus incr
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Case-to-Ambient thermal resistance value will be different than the one provided if the module is mounted on a PCB with different size and characteristics. 2.4 Antenna guidelines Antenna characteristics are essential for good functionality of the module. The radiating performance of antennas has direct impact on the reliability of connection over the Air Interface. Bad termination of ANT can result in poor performance of the module.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.4.1 Antenna termination LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules are designed to work on a 50 Ω load. However, real antennas have no perfect 50 Ω load on all the supported frequency bands.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.4.2 Antenna radiation An indication of the radiated power by the antenna can be approximated by measuring the |S 2\| from a target antenna to the measurement antenna, measured with a network analyzer using a wideband antenna. Measurements should be done at a fixed distance and orientation. Compare the results to measurements performed on a known good antenna. Figure 53 through Figure 54 show measurement results.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual For good antenna radiation performance, antenna dimensions should be comparable to a quarter of the wavelength. Different antenna types can be used for the module, many of them (e.g. patch antennas, monopole) are based on a resonating element that works in combination with a ground plane.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.4.3 Antenna detection functionality The internal antenna detect circuit is based on ADC measurement at ANT pin: the RF port is DC coupled to the ADC unit in the baseband chip which injects a DC current (30 µA for 250 µs) on ANT and measures the resulting DC voltage to evaluate the resistance from ANT pad to GND.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual It is recommended to use an antenna with a built-in diagnostic resistor in the range from 5 kΩ to 30 kΩ to assure good antenna detection functionality and to avoid a reduction of module RF performances. For example: consider GSM antennas with built-in DC load resistor of 15 kΩ. Using the +UANTR AT command, the module reports the resistance value evaluated from ANT pad to GND: Reported values close to the used diagnostic resistor nominal value (i.e.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.5 ESD Immunity Test Precautions The immunity of the device (i.e. the application board where LEON module is mounted) to the EMS phenomenon Electrostatic Discharge must be certified in compliance to the testing requirements standard [9] and the requirements for radio and digital cellular radio telecommunications system equipment standards [10] [11].
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Category Application Immunity Level Contact Discharge to coupling planes (indirect contact discharge) Enclosure +2 kV / -2 kV Contact Discharges to conducted surfaces (direct contact discharge) Enclosure port Not Applicable2 Contact Discharges to conducted surfaces (direct contact discharge) Antenna port +2 kV / -2 kV Air Discharge at insulating surfaces Enclosure port Not Applicable3 Air Discharge at insulating surfaces Antenna port +2 kV
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V Reset push button OUT FB1 ESD Ferrite Bead C1 Application Processor 12.6 k RESET_N 22 IN LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 1.88 V OUT FB2 C2 12.6 k RESET_N 22 Ferrite Bead IN Figure 56: RESET_N application circuits for ESD immunity test Reference Description Remarks ESD Varistor for ESD protection.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.5.2 Antenna interface precautions The antenna interface ANT can have a critical influence on the ESD immunity test depending on the application board handling.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2.5.3 Module interfaces precautions All module pins that are externally accessible should be included in the ESD immunity test since they are considered to be a port [10]. Depending on applicability, and in order to satisfy ESD immunity test requirements and ESD category level, pins connected to the port should be protected up to +4 kV / -4 kV for direct Contact Discharge, and up to +8 kV / -8 kV for Air Discharge applied to the enclosure surface.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 3 Feature description 3.1 Firmware (upgrade) Over The Air (FOTA) (LEON-G200 only) LEON-G200 Firmware can be updated Over The Air. The main idea with updating Firmware over the air is to reduce the amount of data required for transmission to the LEON module. This is achieved by downloading only a “delta file” instead of the full Firmware. The delta contains only the differences between the two firmware versions (old and new), and is compressed.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 3.5 FTP LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules support the File Transfer Protocol functionalities via AT commands. Files are read and stored in the local file system of the module. For more details about AT commands see the u-blox AT Commands Manual [2]. 3.6 HTTP HTTP client is implemented in LEON. HEAD, GET, POST, DELETE and PUT operations are available.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 3.10 Smart Temperature Management Wireless modules – independent of the specific model –always have a well defined operating temperature range. This range should be respected to guarantee full device functionality and long life span. Nevertheless there are environmental conditions that can affect operating temperature, e.g. if the device is located near a heating/cooling source, if there is/isn’t air circulating, etc.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Figure 59 shows the flow diagram implemented in the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 modules for the Smart Temperature Supervisor.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 3.10.2 Threshold Definitions When the application of wireless module operates at extreme temperatures with Smart Temperature Supervisor activated, the user should note that outside the valid temperature range the device will automatically shut down as described above. The input for the algorithm is always the temperature measured within the wireless module (Ti, internal).
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 2. CellLocate TM server defines the area of Cell A visibility 3. If a new device reports the observation of Cell A CellLocate from the area of visibility TM is able to provide the estimated position 4. The visibility of multiple cells provides increased accuracy based on the intersection of areas of visibility. GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual TM TM CellLocate is implemented using a set of two AT commands that allow configuration of the CellLocate service (AT+ULOCCELL) and requesting position according to the user configuration (AT+ULOC). The answer is provided in the form of an unsolicited AT command including latitude, longitude and estimated accuracy. The accuracy of the position estimated by CellLocate observations in the specific area. TM depends on the availability of historical 3.11.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 4 Handling and soldering No natural rubbers, no hygroscopic materials nor materials containing asbestos are employed. 4.1 Packaging, shipping, storage and moisture preconditioning For information pertaining to reels and tapes, Moisture Sensitivity levels (MSD), shipment and storage information, as well as drying for preconditioning see the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Data Sheet [1].
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual End Temperature: 150 - 200°C If the temperature is too low, non-melting tends to be caused in areas containing large heat capacity. Heating/ reflow phase The temperature rises above the liquidus temperature of 217°C. Avoid a sudden rise in temperature as the slump of the paste could become worse.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 4.2.3 Optical inspection After soldering the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 module, inspect the modules optically to verify that he module is properly aligned and centered. 4.2.4 Cleaning Cleaning the soldered modules is not recommended. Residues underneath the modules cannot be easily removed with a washing process. Cleaning with water will lead to capillary effects where water is absorbed in the gap between the baseboard and the module.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 4.2.10 Casting If casting is required, use viscose or another type of silicon pottant. The OEM is strongly advised to qualify such processes in combination with the LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 module before implementing this in the production. Casting will void the warranty. 4.2.11 Grounding metal covers Attempts to improve grounding by soldering ground cables, wick or other forms of metal strips directly onto the EMI covers is done at the customer's own risk.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual 5 Product Testing 5.1 u-blox in-series production test u-blox focuses on high quality for its products. All produced modules are fully tested. Defective units are analyzed in detail to improve the production quality. This is achieved with automatic test equipment, which delivers a detailed test report for each unit.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Components assembly on the device; it should be verified that: o Communication with host controller can be established o The interfaces between module and device are working o Overall RF performance test of the device including antenna Dedicated tests can be implemented to check the device. For example, the measurement of module current consumption when set in a specified status can detect a short circuit if compared with a “Golden Device” result.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual GSM ANTENNA APPLICATION PROCESSOR AT COMMAND SPECTRUM ANALYZER LEON RF POWER TX APPLICATION BOARD GSM ANTENNA APPLICATION PROCESSOR AT COMMAND WIDEBAND ANTENNA WIDEBAND ANTENNA SIGNAL GENERATOR LEON RF POWER RX APPLICATION BOARD Figure 62: Setup with spectrum analyzer and signal generator for radiated measurement This feature allows the measurement of the transmitter and receiver power level to check components assembly related to the modul
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual To avoid module damage during transmitter test when good antenna termination is not guaranteed, use a low PCL level (max 15). u-blox assumes no responsibilities for module damaging caused by an inappropriate use of this feature. 2. Trigger TX burst at maximum PCL: o To check if the power supply is correctly assembled and is able to deliver the required current 3. Trigger TX burst: o To measure current consumption 4.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual A Glossary 3GPP AC ADC ADN AMR ASIC AT BB CBCH CBS CLK CMOS CS CTS DAC DC DCD DCE DCS DDC DL DRX DSP DSR DTE DTR EBU EEP EGSM EM EMC EMI EMS ESD ESR EUT FAQ FDN FET FFS FIR FOAT FOTA FTP FW GND GPIO GPRS GPS GSM HDLC HTTP I/O I/Q 2 IC 2 IS IIR GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual IP ISO ITU LDN LDO LED LNA M2M ME MIDI MSB MSD MSL MUX NOM NTC OSI PA PBCCH PCCCH PC PCB PCM PCS PICS PIXIT PMU PPS PSRAM RF RI RoHS RTC RTS RX RXD SAR SAW SCL SDA SDN SIM SMA SMS SMTP STK SW TCH TCP TDMA TS TX TXD UART UDP UL VCO VSWR WA GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Related documents [1] u-blox LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 Data Sheet, Docu No GSM.G1-HW-10004 [2] [3] u-blox AT Commands Manual, Docu No WLS-SW-11000 GPS Implementation Application Note, Docu No GSM.G1-CS-09007 [4] ITU-T Recommendation V.24, 02-2000. List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE). http://www.itu.int/rec/T-RECV.24-200002-I/en [5] 3GPP TS 27.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Revision history Revision Date Name Status / Comments - Apr. 30, 2009 tgri Initial release. Objective specification A Jun. 22, 2009 lpah New CI A1 Jul. 16, 2009 tgr Change of document status to advance information B Aug. 20, 2009 lpah Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2: corrected the LEON block diagram Figure 1.17: corrected the SIM Application circuit Document updated for serial port handling Table 1: renamed pins and description Chapter 1.9.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Revision Date Name Status / Comments functions chapter Updated and improved Figure 19: Power on sequence description Updated and improved Figure 20: Power off sequence description Updated Figure 37: Headset mode application circuit content Clarified I2S PCM mode path in section 1.10.2.1 Updated section 1.9.1: clarified, added and corrected UART features, UART signal behavior,.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual GSM.
LEON-G100 / LEON-G200 - System Integration Manual Contact For complete contact information visit us at www.u-blox.com u-blox Offices North, Central and South America u-blox America, Inc. Phone: E-mail: +1 703 483 3180 info_us@u-blox.com Regional Office West Coast: Phone: +1 408 573 3640 E-mail: info_us@u-blox.com Headquarters Europe, Middle East, Africa Asia, Australia, Pacific u-blox AG Phone: E-mail: Support: Phone: E-mail: Support: +41 44 722 74 44 info@u-blox.com support@u-blox.
