Perspective Copyright © 2011 Triton Imaging Inc.
Triton Imaging Inc. Engineering Office 2121 41st Avenue, Suite 211 Capitola, CA 95010 USA 831-722-7373 831-475-8446 sales@tritonimaginginc.com support@tritonimaginginc.com © 2010 TRITON This user guide is provided as a means to understand features in TRITON’s software. The user interface presented in this guide is subject to change to accommodate software upgrades and revisions.
Welcome to Triton Perspective! Triton Perspective™ is a new product line from Triton Imaging that takes advantage of the latest in software technologies including: multi-core parallel processing, indexed cache files, workflow wizards, XML project files, multi-resolution tiling, and dB-based rendering to develop products that are fast, accurate, efficient, easy to use, and that provide the tools necessary for a broad range of real-world marine applications.
MosaicOne™ makes the production of high quality geo-registered sidescan mosaics a simple process. Mosaic images of sidescan or multibeam backscatter data are created by simply dragging and dropping raw XTF data files into the Perspective Map multi-layer map view. Processing options such as nadir delete, far range clipping, and single-channel select, coupled with a comprehensive set of navigation processing tools, result in superior quality mosaics suited to specific application needs and collection regimes.
SeaClass™ is an advanced seabed segmentation/classification module that automatically characterizes bottom types based on statistical properties of sidescan mosaics or multibeam backscatter imagery. SeaClass is based on a multi-layer perceptron supervised neural network. The classification procedure consists of two stages: a learning stage and a classification stage. Training is accomplished by the operator selecting areas in the mosaic of differing bottom type (e.g. sand, rock, mud, etc.).
TABLE OF CONTENTS PERSPECTIVE ................................................................................................................................................... 1 TRITON IMAGING INC. ............................................................................................................................ I WELCOME TO TRITON PERSPECTIVE! .............................................................................................................. II TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................
2.4.6 Page Setup ......................................................................................................................................... 58 2.4.7 Quit Project ........................................................................................................................................ 59 3: PROGRAM SETTINGS .................................................................................................................................60 3.1 SETTINGS OVERVIEW .....................
6.2.1 Sidescan Processing Wizard ............................................................................................................. 128 6.2.2 MosaicOne Wizard Overview ........................................................................................................... 129 6.2.3 Choose/Create Mosaic Layer............................................................................................................ 129 6.2.4 Choose Mosaic Settings ...............................................
1: Software Interface 1.1 Main Window Overview 1.1.1 Main Window Layout Main Window Layout Map View The map displays all loaded layers. It renders a composite view of all the data according to the settings of each layer. Information Tabs This is a four tab window that displays information based on the current modality. The tabs include cursor position information, measurement results, moved line offsets and contact/target information. File Tree The Tree View displays all layers loaded into Perspective.
1.1.2 Main Window Menus File Menu New Project Create a new Perspective Project Open Project Open an existing Project (*.proj_xml) Save Project Save your current project (*.proj_xml) Save Project As Save project with new name (*.proj_xml) Import Primary import menu for recognized types. Can also be accessed through standard windows drag and drop.
A–B A – B mode Digitize Lines and Polygons Display Depth-Scale Digitization mode (not yet implemented) Display Depth-Scale mode View Menu Toolbar Turn toolbar visibility on/off Zoom In Zoom in on map Zoom Out Zoom out on map Zoom 1:1 Zoom to 1 meter/pixel Zoom Home Zoom to the extents of your survey area or saved home location Save As Home Save current viewport as Home Add Viewport Add current viewport to Region node in the file tree Globe Turn on ENC Globe rendering Settings Info Show
1.1.
Modality Toolbar Select Mode Pan Mode Zoom Mode Measure mode Draw Mode Bathy Profile Mode Contact Mode Sub-bottom interpretation Bathy Area Edit mode - not yet implemented Digitize Lines and Polygons - not yet implemented Classification training mode Quick classification mode Edit classification mode Display Depth Scale A-B Zoom Toolbar Zoom in Zoom out Zoom 1 to 1 Zoom Home 5|Page February 2011
1.2 Information Displays Perspective Map has four tab-controlled information displays in the upper left corner of the software window, located to the left of the Map View and above the File Tree. Cursor Tab: This the default display, which shows the cursor position and the map. Measure Tab: Shows the results of measurements made in the map view. Offset Tab: Shows the amount a sidescan line has been moved for feature alignment. Contact Tab: Indicates the target capture size and next target number.
display to the 'Measure' tab to show the results of measurements made in the map view. When using the 'Measure' tool, select a starting point on the map by left clicking on the spot and holding the button down while the distance to measure is spanned. Once the end point is reached, release the mouse button. The measurement results are displayed dynamically in the 'Measure' tab. Units are always in meters. The following image shows the results of the most recent measurement: Horiz. Dist.
the Map View. Contact Number is the number to be assigned to the next target selected. Also shown is the 'Contacts Color Legend' to visually distinguish between the types of contacts displayed in the Map View. 1.3 File Tree The file tree organizes project layers by grouping similar items. The layers can be toggled on or off by clicking in the box next to the layer. A green check-mark appears next to the items in the map root that are displayed in the Map View.
Selection Color: Allows the user to identify the color which the selected line will change to, in order to identify it as being successfully selected in the map directory Collapse to Roots: Quickly collapse the tree to the major headings. A plus sign will be assigned in front of those headings which have additional data in their hierarchy. Expand All: Allows the user to quickly expand all directories within the map root. A negative sign will be assigned in front of those headings which are fully expanded.
name the selected region. A dashed outline will appear in the Map View delineating the area as being selected. The region name will appear as a node under the ‘Regions’ layer node. Right-clicking on the region name gives the following options: Color Settings: The user can change the color and characteristics of the outline, as well as color, opacity, thickness and character of the line.
Remove: The region can be removed by selecting “Remove…” Info: Allows the user to view the datum/projection and coordinates of the region. 1.3.2.2 Grid Overlay This is an overlay graph of the lines of Easting and Northing, which are automatically displayed in the Map View. It can be modified in resolution and in color. Right-clicking on the ‘Grid’ layer will give the following options: Resolution: Allows the user to change the resolution of the grid overlay to a user-defined distance.
the ‘User’ heading. Move Up: Moves the corresponding annotation above the previous annotation within the ‘User’ heading. Move Down: Moves the corresponding annotation below the successive annotation within the ‘User’ heading. Remove: Allows the user to remove the annotation from the Map View and Tree View. Info: Provides the projected position of the annotation. 1.3.
Color: Available at the class file tree level. Opens color dialog for changing the color of the sample point icons in the map view. Train Neural Net: Initiates the second step in the classification process using the training set created. More information about the Neural Net training process is presented in Section 8.4. Edit Training Set: Allows user to make changes to training sets by adding or deleting data points in a class (bottom type) or to add another class with new data points.
Remove: Removes the selected layer from the project. Remove All: Removes all sub-layers from the current tree node. Rename: Allows users to rename an existing neural net that is in the file tree. Edit Color: Opens color dialog for changing the color of the neural net class. Right-clicking on the Classification layer or any of its sublayers will give the following options: Color Settings: Opens following window for changing background color, opacity, and line drawing settings.
Move Up: Moves the selected layer above the previous file within the “Classification” heading. Move Down: Moves the selected layer below the succeeding file with the “Classification” heading. Export: This will export the classification results to an AutoCAD DXF file. Add: Adds an existing classification grid to the project and Map View. Remove: Removes the selected layer from the project. Info: Allows the user to view XML info for the selected file.
1.3.5 Vectors Tree Vector files can be imported in DXF format (Autocad R12 DXF only). Right-clicking on ‘Vector’ will give the user the following options. If no vector files are currently available, the user can click on ‘Add’ to insert a file. This will open a browser window that will be searching for a file in the DXF file format. After selecting the DXF file to be imported into the Map View, the user will define the projection and datum for the file.
options: Rename: Allows the user to rename the vector file in the Tree View. This does not change the name of the file, only the reference name within Perspective Tree View. Remove: Allows the user to remove individual vector files from the map tree and Map View. Move to Top: Moves the individual vector file to the first position within the ‘Vector’ heading. Move Up: Moves the individual vector file above the previous file within the ‘Vector’ heading.
There are no right-click options on the Navigation tree node but sub-layers have the following options: Reset Navigation: Allows the user to return the navigation to its original position as interpreted from the data file. Selecting this option from right-clicking on a mosaic file will reset the navigation for all XTF files in the mosaic. Right-clicking on a single XTF will only reset the navigation for the selected file and file type.
Options include: Color - click on colored box and select new color from 'Color' window Opacity - slider bar for changing transparency level Line Drawing - line thickness can be changed by selecting left drop-down menu, line style can be changed be selecting the right drop-down menu. Line style options include: Color Settings are available for all navigation sub-layers. 1.3.6.2 Show BeamLines This is only available for sidescan data by right-clicking on the individual lines.
1.3.6.3 Navigation Viewer This option is available at all tree levels in the Navigation. When the raw data from any Navigation tree layer is being viewed, the line name will appear under the ‘Viewer’ node. Currently this is only enabled for the sidescan waterfall window and the multibeam swath viewer. The example shown below is for a sidescan line: As shown in the ‘Viewer’ node in the Navigation file tree, the line being viewed is 071-1809.
Export to GeoTiff: Allows the user to export the imagery to a geotiff imagery file. Batch Export to GeoTiff: Allows the user to export all sidescan mosaics in the file tree to a geotiff imagery files. Export KML: Allows the user to export a Google Earth KML file. Create: Allows the user to create a new mosaic layer using any of the existing raw data files in the project. A new layer name is specified, then the parameters for the new layer are processed and finally the user can choose which lines to include.
Re-merge Mosaic: Applies user corrections and line changes to the mosaic. Export GeoTiff: Exports a GeoTiff of the selected sidescan mosaic file. Export KML: Exports a KML file of the selected sidescan mosaic file(s). Classify: Classifies the selected sidescan mosaic file. Details on using the sediment classification tool in Perspective are available in section 8.3.
Force Regeneration: Rebuilds the mosaic using the current settings. View Waterfall: This option is available on the XTF layer level and will open a waterfall viewer. Move Line: This option allows the user to move an individual line of sidescan data to align features on adjacent lines in the mosaic. Remove: Allows the user to remove the data file from the DTM. Perspective will prompt the user to confirm before removing the selected file. 1.3.7.
Export to GeoTiff: Allows the user to export the imagery to a geotiff imagery file. Batch Export to GeoTiff: Allows the user to export all bathymetry DTMs in the file tree to geotiff imagery files. Export KML: Allows the user to export a Google Earth KML file. Create: Allows the user to create a new DTM layer using any of the existing raw data files in the project. A new layer name is specified, then the parameters for the new layer are processed and finally the user can choose which lines to include.
Re-merge DTM: Applies user corrections and line changes to the DTM. For more information about the Re-Merge DTM tool, visit Section 5.5. Batch Export to GeoTiff: Allows the user to export all bathymetry DTMs in the file tree to GeoTiff imagery files. Export KML: Exports a KML file of the selected bathymetry DTM file(s). Export XYZ: Allows the user to export the selected bathymetry DTM in the file tree to an ASCII XYZ file. A-B: Subtracts co-registered DTMs to look for changes to bathymetry.
Remove: Allows the user to remove the imagery from the Map View. Perspective will prompt the user to confirm before removing the imagery. Reset Date: Provides the ability to change the date of the DTM file. Delete: This action removes the imagery file from the project and deletes the DTM file that was created on import. Perspective will ask for confirmation before deleting the imagery from the disk.
or the window menu option: File > Import > GeoTIFF File. Both options will open a file browser to locate a GeoTiff. Once selected the projection for the image will need to be defined if this was not previously set in the Projections Tab for the Application Settings or for a previous background import. Perspective will remember your import projection after the first image is imported so the user will not need to repeat the projection wizard for every background file.
extent of selected GeoTiff. GeoTiff Options: Right-click on the imported GeoTiff, for the following options: Color Settings: Allows the user to change the color characteristics of the GeoTiff layer. Projection: Allows the user to change the GeoTiff projection. Tag Info: Displays the GeoTiff world file information as shown below: Remove: Removes the selected GeoTiff file from the project.
Once selected, the ENC will be imported into Perspective. It will then be displayed in the Map View and added to the Background > ENC Data layer in the File Tree. ENC Data Node Options: By right-clicking on the ENC Data node, the following options exist: Add: Allows the user to add other S57 ENC files to an existing project.
Info: Access XML settings file for viewing information about the ENCs in the node. ENC Options: Right-click on the imported ENC, for the following option: Info: Access XML settings file for viewing information about the ENC. Display settings for ENC data files can be found in Program Settings in Section 3.4. 1.
In this example we set the ‘Custom Cursor’ to a Transverse Mercator projection. To enter a custom projection, select the 'Custom' button in the window to launch the 'Custom Projection Tool'. For Custom Projection details go to Section 3.5.3. The projection parameters can be entered here.
Select the datum here or the 'Custom' button to setup a custom datum. For Custom Datum details go to Section 3.5.4. 1.5 Map View 1.5.1 Moving Around the Map View There are two methods for navigating the Map View. These are: 1. Zoom Tools 2.
Zoom to Region Zoom to Extents Pan - This mode allows the user to move around the screen by dragging the map. 1.5.1.1 Zoom Mode Selecting the zoom toolbar button puts the cursor in Zoom Mode. This allows the user to select an area to zoom into by left-clicking or rightclicking on any point on the map and holding the button down while defining an area to zoom into. 1.5.1.
ToolBar Icon View menu option Keyboard 'End' key 1.5.1.5 Zoom Home This will zoom to Home which by default is the full extent of the data but can be manually set to any zoom with the 'Save As Home' option in the View menu. Zoom Home is accessed by the following options ToolBar Icon View menu option Keyboard 'Home' key 1.5.1.
1.5.1.7 Zoom to Extents This option is available by right-clicking on select nodes within the File Tree. Selecting this will zoom the Map View to the full extent of the chosen data. 1.5.1.8 Pan Mode This mode allows for moving around the data at a particular zoom level by dragging the screen with the cursor. Select the pan/zoom icon depressed. and then left-click and drag the screen with the button When the mouse button is released, the view will redraw at the new location.
10. Depth Scale Mode The cursor modes are described in detail in the following sections. 1.5.2.1 Select Mode This option is available when the pointer toolbar button and is used for selecting items in the map view. is selected. It is the default mode 1.5.2.2 Measure Mode Selecting the 'Measure' toolbar button in Perspective map will switch the cursor to the Measure mode for making measurements of features seen in the Map View.
1.5.2.3 Pan Mode This mode allows the user to center the screen over a particular object for using the ‘ZoomIn’ and ‘Zoom-Out’ options, and also is good for following a pipeline or route while zoomed in where the full extent of the feature following does not fit entirely in the display. Select the pan icon and then click and drag the screen with the button depressed. 1.5.2.4 Zoom Mode Selecting the zoom toolbar button puts the cursor in Zoom Mode.
1.5.2.5 User Annotation Mode Drawing tools are available under the Modality > Annotation menu or by selecting the 'Pen' toolbar button. When selected, an annotations window will appear as shown below: All user annotations placed in the Map View from this dialog will appear as items under the Annotation > User heading in the file tree. Various shapes and text options are available.
The color, opacity, thickness and character of the annotation line are defined by clicking on the paint palette. The color of the icon is the current color selected for the annotation and will remain the default color until changed in this attribute box. The font attributes of text annotation are selected by clicking on the letter icon. The symbols can be hollow or filled by clicking on the corresponding icon.
Select a starting point on the map by left clicking on the spot and holding the button down while the area to be used for the A-B calculation is defined. A box will be drawn in the screen defining the area and when done, release the mouse button to start the calculation. The 'A-B' tool is described in detail in the BathyOne part of the Help guide in Section 5.10.2. 1.5.2.10 Display Depth Scale Mode This option is available when there is a DTM layer in the project.
This button will import all compatible data file in a selected folder. (NOT YET IMPLEMENTED) This button will use the database search function to remove all data in a project and load only the data that lies within a selected time range or a defined geographic area. Currently the only raw survey data format supported by Perspective is the Triton XTF data format. However, there are several existing Triton file format converters to allow importing of additional data types.
Imagery layers Background layers The Import option found in the File menu allows the ability to import all compatible data types into Perspective. The options available are shown in the menu window below: Raw Data File: Selecting this option from the File>Import menu will open a window browser for selecting compatible raw data files for import into the project. Currently XTF is the only raw data file type supported.
This window allows the user to set the name, category, size and transparent color of the symbol. To load a symbol into this window, select the 'Load' button which will open the file browser below to select the symbol file. Navigate to a compatible file type and select 'Open'. This will automatically insert the symbol image into the Symbol Importer window. Selecting ‘OK’ will load the symbol into the project.
Line: If there was a header, the box next to ‘Line’ is for entering the number of lines to skip for the header, before the data begins. Delimiters: This is where the data delimiters are defined. In the example above the data is separated by spaces and therefore the ‘Space’ box is checked. Parsed Field: Displays data elements available for mapping to predefined field types. Field: Predefined field types to assign data to.
The database refresh tool gives the user the option to import files into the project, based on either time or location. It is important to note that instead of just being an import tool, the database refresh tool also removes layers from your project that do not meet the search criteria. Database settings need to be defined prior to using this toolbar button to setup the data directory and to setup the query parameters.
KML file XYZ file Layers visible in the Map View can be exported as a GeoTiff by using the Composite GeoTiff export menu option. Right-clicking on the File Tree layers offers additional export options Printing the Map View is similar to selecting Composite GeoTiff Export from the File menu but also includes annotations and allows the user to save the map View as a PDF (with Adobe Acrobat) or send the map View to a printer for a hard copy of the project.
Tiles/Export: The slider bar below the Dimensions is for indicating the number of tiles to break up the export image in order to reduce the individual file size of the output. The image above shows the output divided into 16 tiles with resulting dimensions of each tile being 1097 x 992 pixels. Selection Tree: Allows the user to select or deselect additional imagery to be included in the export. Selecting the Export button will open the following window for saving the file: 2.3.
Options available in this window include: Resolution: Sets the output file resolution in meters/pixel. The size of the output file in pixels will show next to Dimensions, just below the resolution. Tiles/Export: The slider bar below Dimensions is for indicating the number of tiles to break up the export image, in order to reduce the individual file size of the output. The image above shows the output in only 1 tile with resulting dimensions of each tile being 4096 x 3703 pixels.
There are no settings to change in this window and default export options are automatically applied. To complete the export, select the green 'Play' button in the upper left corner of the window. The files are exported to the default project folder and the results are shown in the output window as seen in the image below: 2.3.4 KML File Export Sidescan and bathymetry data can be exported from an existing project from the File Tree to a Google Earth KML file.
All options launch the same export wizard. For bathymetry exports, only bathymetry data is available for inclusion in the export. For sidescan exports, only sidescan data is available to be included in the export as shown below: Options available in this window include: Resolution: Sets the output file resolution in meters/pixel. The size of the output file in pixels will show next to Dimensions, just below the resolution.
2.3.5 XYZ File Export Bathymetry data can be exported from an existing project from the File Tree to a text .xyz file. This can only be launched from right-clicking the bathymetry ‘DTM’ layer. This will launch the Export XYZ wizard shown below: Options available in this window include: Resolution: Sets the output file resolution in meters/pixel. The cell size can be set to maintain a 1:1 aspect or the X and Y size can be set individually. Projection: Allows the user to set the export projection.
2.3.6 SeaClass Export Results from the classification process can be exported through the following methods: 1. Composite Export: This will export all layers turned on in the file tree including the SeaClass results as a composite GeoTiff file. 2.
3.
2.3.7 Printing In order to print the Map View to a PDF file (you will need Adobe Acrobat for this) or to a printer, select ‘Print’ from the File menu. This will open a standard Windows printing window as shown below: Select ‘Print’ to output the Map View to the chosen printer. 2.4 Project Options 2.4.1 New Project To create a new project, select the ‘New Project’ option from the File menu as shown below: Selecting this will open a new project.
2.4.
2.4.3 Save Project To save an existing project, select the ‘Save Project’ option from the File menu as shown below left: To save a new project select the ‘Save Project As’ option from the File menu as shown above right.
2.4.4 Projected Cursor The Project Cursor option is available from the View menu as shown below: Selecting this will add the ‘Custom Cursor’ display to the main window as shown to the right. The Custom Cursor is discussed in detail in Section 1.4. 2.4.5 Log Window To log the project activities, select the ‘Log Window’ option in the View menu as shown right: Selecting this will open a new window with a record of the activities since the project was opened.
2.4.
2.4.
3: Program Settings 3.1 Settings Overview Application settings can be accessed through the toolbar button or by selecting Settings Info from the View menu as shown below: There are up to six tabs available in the Program Settings window, two of which require additional licensing. General Pen ENC (requires S57 license/dongle) Projection Contact Database (requires additional database license) 3.
Options: Ask before removing layers: This allows the user to turn on or off the message, "Are you sure you want to remove...", that pops up when "Remove" is selected in the File Tree. Show Mosaic Tiles: This lets the user see the tiles that the mosaic is divided into. Load Zoom Out: Selecting this option will automatically zoom to the full extent of an imported layer. Relative Paths: Allows the project to be relocated to a new hard drive without losing track of the relative file paths of imported files.
3.3 Pen Settings Intersection: Allows the user to change the color Perspective assigns to sub bottom intersections. Background: Allows the user to change the color of the Map View background. Profile Font: Allows the user to change the color of the profile font in SB-I (not yet implemented). Zoom Tool: Allows the user to change the color of the zoom box. Measure Tool: Allows the user to change the color of the measuring line used by the measure tool. 3.
Advanced ENC Settings window. From this window, the attributes that are included in the display of the ENC can be selected and the parameters associated with each attribute can be specified (in meters). The Color Intensity slider allows the adjustment of the brightness of the ENC in the Map Display to be adjusted. 3.5 Projection Settings These are the five separate projection settings available in the Projections tab.
There are also two check boxes in the Projections tab, related to import and export projections. Auto set Export Projection to UTM/WGS84: As specified, this requires that the input files are in latitude and longitude coordinates. Checking this box will export the data in the same projection as displayed in the Map View. Ask to use current import projection: This will prompt the user during the file import process and ask whether to use the current projection.
‘Custom’ button. For Custom Projection details, see Section: 3.5.3. Press the ‘Next’ button to select additional projection information. For this example the correct UTM zone, hemisphere, and units need to be specified. Select the datum to use. If a custom datum is needed, select the ‘Custom’ button. For Custom Datum details, see Section: 3.5.4. Select Finish when done.
3.5.2 Export Projection The export projection wizard is basically identical to the import projection wizard except for the name in the title bar. The default projection for exporting files is un-projected latitude and longitude in WGS84. If the 'Auto set Export Projection to UTM/WGS84' box is checked, Perspective will automatically assign a UTM zone based on WGS84 coordinates.
Select the datum to use. If a custom datum is needed, select the ‘Custom’ button. Select ‘Finish’ when done.
3.5.3 Custom Projection To define a custom projection, select 'Custom' from the Select Projection page of the import or export projection wizards as shown below: This will open the following window: Select ‘Create’ to start the Projection Definition window.
Enter the appropriate information for the projection to be defined. Below is an example with random test data: To generate the information in the lower left window, select the ‘Generate String’ button. Select ‘Done’ once the projection string has been generated. This returns the user to the original window, with the projection string generated in the previous window now entered automatically in the Projection String box.
Enter a name to save the projection to and select ‘OK’. This returns the user to the Select Projection window. Choose the new projection just created from the projection list and select ‘Finish’ or ‘Finish and Save’ to keep the custom projection for future projects.
3.5.
Select an existing ellipsoid or choose custom from the list as shown below: Enter the appropriate information for the projection to be defined and a ‘Save As’ name and select ‘OK’ when done. The Choose Datum window now has the custom datum listed at the bottom.
Select the new datum just created from the projection list and select ‘Finish’ or ‘Finish and Save’ to keep the custom datum for future projects. Selecting ‘Finish and Save’ will open the following window to save the datum: Enter a name for the datum and select ‘OK’.
3.6 Contact Settings Size (meters): This is where the user selects the size of the contact to be saved, in meters. Bookmarks: The user can select whether or not to show bookmarks in the Waterfall view. Targeting Paths: It is recommended that the user choose the same directory paths for Perspective and TargetOne. If both programs use the same directory paths, contacts that are saved in TargetOne will automatically be displayed in Perspective.
Current Contact Number: Indicates the contact number that will be given to the next contact generated. 3.7 Database Settings On: Check this box to turn on the auto-load database option. Database Path: Sets the file path to the project database folder. Date Selection Options: Recent: The user can select the number of days back from the current date by using the Days Back number list.
4: Navigation 4.1 Navigation Types Navigation embedded in raw data files is extracted upon import of the data file and sorted into 5 main categories.
4.2 Import Navigation Data Navigation data that Perspective works with comes embedded in raw survey data files and do not exist as stand-alone files. Currently, the only raw survey data format supported by Perspective is the XTF format and the navigation data must be stored within the XTF file for Perspective to read and process it. Navigation data extracted from the raw data files are automatically separated and sorted into the navigation data types available in the navigation file tree section.
The image above shows two multibeam navigation lines, the thicker blue line is currently selected in the navigation file tree layer and the red line is currently not selected. When importing raw data files into Perspective, the import/processing wizard automatically launches.
4.3 Navigation Processing Workflows For surveys with hull-mounted equipment and good position control, very little processing is needed of the navigation data. One pass is generally enough to remove small spikes in the navigation data. This can be accomplished using the import/processing wizard, which only allows one pass at the navigation processing.
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Heading: - Compute CMG - Check the box to compute a heading from the Course Made Good (navigation) - Bias - Apply a single bias to the computed CMG heading - Change Cutoff - Cutoff value for CMG calculation (in degrees) Layback: - Source None - Do not apply a layback Computed - Computes a layback using the values found in the XTF file for Cable Out, Towfish Depth, Towpoint Height, and Towpoint offset from the navigation antenna Manual - Enter a fixed layback value (in meters) - Tow Point Offsets
4.5 Process Navigation For processing navigation from the File Tree, select the ‘Process Navigation’ option available by right-clicking on any tree level in the Navigation layer. Selecting this will launch the Process Navigation window shown below: Options include: Filter Setup - See 'Boxcar Settings' in the previous section of this manual. Auto Update Cache - Writes the processed navigation into the cache file, important for repeat processing.
5: BathyOne 5.1 BathyOne Module BathyOne is an add-on to Perspective Map which allows users to create digital terrain models of their raw bathymetry data and includes tools for viewing and interpolating the gridded data. Options available in the BathyOne module are presented below; details of their options and settings are described later in this chapter. Grid Options Create DTM: BathyOne provides a few methods for the creation of digital terrain models (DTM's).
Interpretation Options Bathy Profile: Selecting the 'Bathy Profile' option from the toolbar button or Modality menu in Perspective Map will switch the cursor to the Profile mode for evaluating features seen in the Map View. A-B: Subtracts co-registered DTMs to look for changes to bathymetry. This algorithm does a direct pixel to pixel comparison at each grid node. Change Detection: Subtracts co-registered DTMs to look for changes to bathymetry.
2. The processing wizard also can be launch by selecting the 'Create DTM' toolbar button: Whether the processing wizard is automatically or manually launched as described above, the same options are available. Processing steps in the BathyOne Wizard are presented in the next Section. 5.2.2 BathyOne Wizard Overview There are several steps the BathyOne Wizard guides the user through. Brief descriptions of each step are presented below and details of their settings and options are in the following sections.
5.2.3 Choose/Create Bathy Layer The first step of the BathyOne wizard is to create a new bathy layer or select an existing bathy layer to append to as shown in the image below: If a bathy layer already existed in the project, it will appear in the upper window under 'Existing Layers'. The user can either select the existing layer if present, or choose to create a new bathy layer by selecting the 'Create' button. Note that there are two types of bathy layers that can be created, a DTM or a TPE.
Note that the '.tmap_dtm' file extension will automatically be appended to the entered file name. When finished, select 'Save'. This will create the new bathy layer and will automatically advance to the next processing step. 5.2.4 Select Input Lines This page gives the user the option to select which lines to include in the bathy processing.
The user can select individual lines by clicking on the check box to the right of the line name, or the user may choose 'Select All' or 'Deselect All'. If a line is deselected, it will not be included in the DTM that is being created. Using the 'Add Lines' tool, it is possible to append the DTM with the lines not included at a later time. When finished selecting the lines to include in the processing, click the 'Next' button to advance to the next processing step. 5.2.
Encoding: Choose from the following options using the drop-down list: Last: The last value to fall in the bin being processed. Max: The deepest value to fall in the bin being processed. Min: The shallowest value to fall in the bin being processed. First: The first value to fall in the bin being processed. Average: The average of all the values that fall in the bin. Constrain to map view: Only process the data that falls inside the current map window.
Vessel Geometry: There are two options for vessel geometry. Generally vessel geometry is stored in the raw data file header and can be read directly from the XTF file. By default the 'Use vessel geometry from XTF header' option is checked, and this information will be used for data processing. Unchecking this option allows you to either 'Load' an existing geometry file or 'Create' to generate a different vessel geometry (.GEO) file. Selecting 'Load' will open a window for selecting an existing .
Note that there is a drop-down list for 'Heave Ref.' with the following options depending on the source of the data and where in the XTF file the information is stored: When finished, select 'OK'. This will open a window for entering the name of the vessel geometry file and selecting an output directory. GSF: Include FTS when available. All data is written internally to a standard GSF (Generic Sensor Format) file.
This type of data requires a great deal of processing and the size of the XTF files can be very large. Unless there is a requirement for snippet imagery the box should be unchecked. HTF: Generate HTF Check this box and hit 'Settings' to save an HTF file. Available settings are shown in the window below: Enter the requested information and select 'OK' when finished. Hit 'Next' to continue to the Raw Processing dialog. 5.2.
Precise Timing Architecture: Check this option if the data you are processing was acquired with a Reson Sonar and POS/RAW navigation attitude and heading data from an Applanix® POS/MV sensor. This setting will take advantage of the precise timing link that exists between the Reson Multibeam Sonar and the POS sensor. Navigation Processing: This box is checked by default. The standard setting will apply a boxcar filter using twelve navigation updates to create a running mean position.
Algorithm Parameters: Indicates what IHO survey order the data is intended to meet. Options include 'Special', 'One', 'Two', and 'Three'. Disambiguation: Methods include 'Prior', 'Likelihood', and 'Posterior'. The user can also set the maximum and minimum context to apply. Depth Range: Expected depth range for collected data. Vertical Reduction: Uncertainties with the vertical measurements are entered here for 'Draft', 'Dynamic Draft', 'Loading', Tide Measured', and 'Tide Predicted'.
Select 'OK' when finished entering all parameters to return to the processing wizard. Transducer Selection: Users can select which head to process if multiple heads were used for data acquisition. UTC Timing Delay: Check this box if there is a known timing delay from using UTC timing. Enter the delay in seconds. Attitude Correction Thresholds: Users can set the maximum amount of change between motion sensor updates. Hit 'Next' to continue to the Beam Suppression dialog. 5.2.
Suppress Using Beam Quality: The bathymetry data sent from the sonar will have some flags that have been set by the sonar; these are the Beam Quality flags Poor, Low, Bad. Note the default settings reject only beams that are flagged as Bad by the sonar, but the user can choose to reject more data based on the Poor or Low sonar flags. Suppress Beams Outside Angle: Suppress beams that fall outside an angle that the user may choose, allows potentially noisy outer beams to be rejected.
Each option must be individually enabled by checking the 'On' check box. Suppress Using Pitch Range: This will suppress beam soundings if the pitch exceeds the range of values entered. Suppress Using Heave Range: This will suppress beam soundings if the heave exceeds the range of values entered. Suppress Using Roll Range: This will suppress beam soundings if the roll exceeds the range of values entered. Hit 'Next' to continue to the SVP Processing dialog. 5.2.
SVP Selection: The user has the option to select an individual SVP file, choose a folder with several SVP files or to manually enter a sound velocity value. SVP File: Applies sound velocity profile from the selected cast. SVP Folder: Applies the SVP file in the folder that is closest in distance to the vessel at the time of the ping. Single Beam (manual entry): Enter a mean value, used for single beam data processing. Note that SVP files read by Perspective are .
If the cast has both Up and Down components then these are displayed as dark blue ‘Down’ and lighter blue ‘Up’. Sample from: There are choices to use either the 'Upcast', the 'Downcast' or the 'Merged' value from both. Velocity sampling: Choose whether to use the 'Mid-Sample' value or the actual 'Sample'. Refraction at transducer depth from: Off: Use the value supplied by the sonar head sensor. CTD: Use the value supplied by an external CTD sensor and logged in the XTF file as Sound Velocity.
5.2.10 Tide/Squat Processing To enable the Tide Data processing, the user must check the 'On' box in the upper left corner of the Tide Data options as shown in the image below: Tide Data: The user has the option to select an individual Tide File, choose a Tide Folder with several tide files or to Use RTK Tides.
Note that tide files read by Perspective are .XML files created from the Raw ASCII data by the XML Utilities program. Files that are read successfully will generate a graph; you can click on a list of tide files to compare the graphs. Double-clicking the small graph window will display a large, resizable version: Note the survey time window is shown on the display as a vertical green band with the text "Covers Survey Time" indicating the tide files spans at least the duration of the survey data.
Selecting this will launch the BatyhOne Wizard. After selecting the 'Rebuild using' option, a window will pop-up and ask if you want to reapply the flags already in the GSF from the parameters set when the DTM was created as shown below: Select 'Yes' if you want to do further processing of the DTM, or 'No' to ignore the existing flags in the GSF and restart the processing from scratch. Both options start the BathyOne Wizard, the difference is in the options available on the beam suppression page.
5.4 Edit GSF Using This feature allows the user to change some of the grid processing parameters set in the bathy processing wizard during GSF File import. To start the GSF editing process, right-click on the DTM layer in the Bathymetry file tree node and select 'Edit GSF using' as shown in the image below: After selecting the 'Edit GSF using' option, a limiter version the BathyOne Wizard will launch to allow for changes to the parameters set during the import/gridding process.
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5.5 Re-Merge DTM Selecting this option will apply any changes made to the processing parameters or edits to the data made since the DTM was created. This feature is only available by right-clicking on the DTM in the bathy layer node as shown below: This process happens automatically with no user set options available. 5.6 Add Lines During the Create DTM process, it is possible to exclude some lines from being included in the DTM.
Selecting this will open the following window containing a list of all the files added to the project but not included in the DTM as shown below: Choose which lines to include by checking the box to the left of each line (they are all checked by default), or by using the 'Select All' or 'Deselect All' buttons. Click on 'Finish' when ready to add the chosen lines to the DTM. 5.
If a user wished to instead have a different data assigned to the DTM such as the processing date, there is a tool to accomplish this. Right-click on the DTM and select 'Reset Data' as shown below: The following window will pop up: Enter the desired date and select 'OK' when done. This will revise the file tree display of the DTM to reflect the new date as shown below: 5.
Right-click on the DTM and select 'Rename' as shown below: The following window will pop up: Enter the desired name and select 'OK' when done. This will revise the file tree display of the DTM to reflect the new date as shown below: 5.9 Visualization Options 5.9.1 Color Settings The imagery color settings for bathymetry layers can be changed for individual DTMs on a layer by layer basis or globally for all DTMs depending on which tree node the color settings are selected from.
Selecting 'Color Settings' will open the following window: Options available in the Color Settings window are: Transparent Color: Checking this box will make the imagery transparent Opacity: Allows the user to change the opacity of the image, from 0 to 1.0, with 1.0 being full opaqueness Gamma: The gamma of an image is a measure of its contrast and brightness. By correcting the gamma, you can adjust these two elements in unison. Brightness: The user can change the brightness of the image.
In this dialog the user can change the Lutz table applied and the algorithm used in the application of the color spectrum. The user may also invert the application of the color tables by checking the box next to Invert within this dialog or within the main “Group Color Settings” dialog. 5.9.2 Bathy Histogram The histogram window is a graphical representation of the imagery signal level in dB versus the occurrence of that dB within the image.
This window shows two overlapping histograms, one is the original histogram and the other represents the modified histogram based on the adjustments the user makes here. Options in the histogram window include: Window Options: The two square boxes along the bottom of the window act as nodes for manually adjusting the portion of the spectrum to be displayed. The lower and upper dB bounds can be set by left-clicking on the node and dragging it while the mouse button is depressed.
Adjusting the portion of the spectrum to display can enhance the vertical changes in the DTM as shown on the following page: 112 | P a g e February 2011
Additional adjustments can be made in the Auto Contrast section to enhance the color distribution. Applying a Bias of 2.4% and a Threshold of 7.4% to the histogram results shown above yields the following color distribution: This is a bit extreme but shows how the Bias and Threshold settings can affect the histogram and resulting color distribution. 5.9.3 Relief Shading Relief Shading simulates the illumination of the sun on the bathymetry data.
Right-click on the DTM layer or root bathymetry file tree node and select the 'Relief Shading' option as shown below: Selecting 'Relief Shading' will open the following window: By checking the box next to “On” the user can create relief shading of the bathymetry image. The color square next to “On” allows the user to select a “beam” shade. This will be the overall translucent color cast on the image.
Selecting the color patch next to the 'On' checkbox will open the 'Color' window to select a color to use to shade the beam illumination as shown below: By selecting a color here and clicking 'OK', the chosen color will appear in the 'Relief Shading' window as shown below: This will change the 115 | P a g e beam February 2011
illumination from white and will have the following results: 5.9.4 Swath Viewer The 'Swath Viewer' allows the user to see the swath of individual data lines. This tool can be launched by right-clicking on either the individual line in either the Navigation file tree layer of from the Imagery/Bathymetry file tree layer.
Selecting either option will open the following window: Notice that the beams flagged as bad are marked red in the viewer. The slider bars to the left and below the swath data are for setting the scale of the window. Selecting the 'Processing' button will open the BathyOne Wizard for viewing the processing steps made. The bottom slider bar is for indicating the progress through the data file.
Here the pipper is located at the start of the navigation line for line BRDG026.xtf. 5.10 Interpretation Options 5.10.1 Bathy Profile Profiles can be generated once a DTM layer is created or loaded into the project. The profile tool is launched from the toolbar button Modality menu. or by selecting 'Bathy Profile' from the Selecting 'Bathy Profile' or the toolbar button will change the cursor mode so that it can be used to select a line in the map view, to see a profile of the data that line intersects.
When the mouse button is released the Bathy Profile window opens and displays an alongline profile of all of the DTM layers existing beneath the profile line. The image above shows three profile lines, corresponding to the three DTM layers in the project. The user has the option to uncheck the box next to the listed bathy layers in order to turn an individual profile line off from the display.
5.10.2 Bathy A-B The difference between two layers can be calculated with the 'A-B' tool and output as a separate DTM. This tool can be used to determine the differences between DTM layers by selecting the entire layer or just a user-defined portion of the layer. To calculate the differences between entire DTM layers using 'A-B', right-click on the DTM you wish to subtract from and select 'A-B' from the menu options as shown below: Selecting this menu option will open the A-B window discussed below.
To determine the difference between layers in a user-defined area, the user needs to first switch to 'A-B' mode by either selecting the 'A-B' toolbar button the 'A-B' option in the 'Modality' menu. in Perspective Map or Once in 'A-B' mode, select a starting point on the map by left clicking on the spot and holding the button down while the area to be used for the A-B calculation is defined. A box will be drawn in the screen defining the area and when done, release the mouse button to open the AB window.
The difference DTM created from this process will automatically load into the project and can be found in the Imagery/Bathymetry file tree layer. Shown below is an example of the area selected for A-B calculation. The top image shows they are selected and the selection bounding box is in light blue. The lower image shows the difference between the top layer which is visible and the layer beneath collected on a previous day: Shown in the image above in red are the only differences identified between 0.
5.10.3 Bathy Change Detection The difference between two layers can be calculated with the 'Change Detection' tool and output as a separate DTM. This tool can be used to determine the differences between entire DTM layers and uses the same as dialog as the A-B tool. This algorithm differs slightly from the A-B algorithm in that it also includes a statistical neighborhood approach to account for mis-registration between layers.
The options available in the 'Blink Comparator' include: Layer On: This will turn the selected layer on in the file tree so the layer is displayed in the map view. Layer Off: This will turn the selected layer off in the file tree so the layer is not displayed in the map view. Cycle: This will turn cycle the layer on and off in the map view at the user set frequency using the slider bar to the right of the Cycle option. An example of the use of this tool is presented below.
5.10.5 Bathy Statistics The statistics that can be calculated from a DTM layer include the following: Allocated Coverage: This is the number of square nautical miles which the tiles used to store the data in the DTM layer represent. Actual Coverage: This is the number of square meters of the actual ensonified area. Total Lines: This is the number of lines included and used in the creation of the DTM layer.
6: MosaicOne 6.1 MosaicOne Module MosaicOne is an add-on to Perspective Map which allows users to create digital mosaics of their raw sidescan data and includes tools for viewing and interpolating the processed data. Options available in the MosaicOne module are presented below and details of their options and settings are in the following sections. Mosaic Options Create Mosaic: MosaicOne provides a few methods for the creation of sidescan mosaics.
Waterfall TVG: Applies a user defined TVG function to the waterfall display. Details of the TVG options are discussed in Section 6.10.6. Visualization Options Color Settings: Allows the user to change the color characteristics of the sidescan layer. Histogram: This is the graphical representation of the imagery signal level in dB versus the occurrence of that dB within the image. Interpretation Options Blink Comparator: Visual comparison of two overlapping layers is made easy with this tool.
6.2 Create Mosaic 6.2.1 Sidescan Processing Wizard Sidescan data can be processed in Perspective Map using the MosaicOne Wizard. Presented below are a few ways to launch the sidescan processing wizard. During the raw data import process, the navigation data loads into the project first. If the raw data files contain sidescan data then the MosaicOne Wizard will automatically launch and the sidescan data can be processed as part of the import process.
6.2.2 MosaicOne Wizard Overview There are several steps the MosaicOne Wizard guides the user through. Brief descriptions of each step are presented below and details of their settings and options are in the following sections. Choose/Create Mosaic Layer - Options to create a new mosaic file or append to an existing file. Choose Mosaic Settings - Includes resolution, line merging options, and transducer offsets. Select/Order Input Lines - Choose which data files to process for the mosaic.
generate a new mosaic layer, the following window will appear to name the layer and to select the output directory: Note that the '.tmap_moz' file extension will automatically be appended to the entered file name. When finished, select 'Save'. This will create the new mosaic layer in the selected directory and will automatically advance to the next processing step. 6.2.
General Settings: Resolution: Enter the resolution of the mosaic in meters per pixel. Use any of the predefined values or enter a custom value. Combine Overlapping Lines Using: There are four options as shown in the image below: Maximum - Will cause stronger returns to "shine-through" an overlapping line. (default). Minimum - Will cause weaker returns to be preserved when lines overlap. Over - Lines will be displayed based only on the order in which they were mosaiced.
Load: This will load an existing saved mosaic settings file. Clicking this button opens a file browser to locate and select a previously saved settings file. Save: This will save the entered settings on this page of the MosaicOne wizard to an XML file for quick loading for processing subsequent mosaics. Hit 'Next' to continue to the next page of the processing wizard. 6.2.
When finished selecting and ordering the sidescan lines for processing, click the 'Next' button to advance to the next processing step. 6.2.6 Choose Line Settings This page of the processing wizard as shown below gives the user the option to set channel down-sampling and overlap options, process navigation, enable interpolation to fill between pings, set the heading source, and to clip the inner and outer swath by percent.
Maximum - The pixel with the highest value (maximum) is used. Minimum - The pixel with the lowest value (minimum) is used. RMS - Root Mean Square is a statistical measure of the magnitude of pixel values. It is the square root of the mean of the squares of the pixel values. Skip - Does not apply this step, overlap is handled by input line order. Navigation This box is checked by default.
6.3 Re-Merge Mosaic Selecting this option will apply any changes made to the processing parameters since the mosaic was created. This feature is only available by right-clicking on the mosaic in the sidescan layer node as shown below: This process happens automatically and there are no user set options available. 6.4 Add Lines During the Create Mosaic process, it is possible to exclude some lines from being included in the mosaic.
Choose which lines to include by checking the box to the left of each line (they are all checked by default), or by using the 'Select All' or 'Deselect All' buttons. Click on 'Finish' when ready to add the chosen lines to the mosaic. This will bring up the last page of the MosaicOne Wizard as shown below for adjusting the line settings. Select 'Finish' when done. 6.
6.6 Move Line To accommodate for layback errors in data from towed sidescan sonars, Perspective has a tool which allows the user to move a sidescan line to align features to known locations or to features on adjacent lines. This tool is launched by right-clicking on an individual data file within a sidescan mosaic as shown below: Selecting the Move Line option will open a separate window which shows the mosaiced lines with the selected line not fixed and available for moving around the screen.
This image shows the line relocated to the northeast by 245.24 meters. The display also shows the horizontal (X) displacement and the vertical (Y) displacement. The line Opacity can also be adjusted to see through the selected line, in order to better align the line to features in the adjacent sidescan lines. Toolbar buttons are available to zoom-in and zoom-out of the window view. Select 'OK' when finished with moving the line.
Selecting Yes' will re-merge the mosaic without the selected line included. 6.8 Visualization Options 6.8.
Transparent Color: Checking this box will make the imagery transparent Opacity: Allows the user to change the opacity of the image, from 0 to 1.0, with 1.0 being full opaqueness Gamma: The gamma of an image is a measure of its contrast and brightness. By correcting the gamma, you can adjust these two elements in unison. Brightness: Allows the user to change the brightness of the image.
This window shows two overlapping histograms, one is the original histogram and the other represents the modified histogram based on the adjustments the user makes here. Options in the histogram window include: Window Options: The two square boxes along the bottom of the window act as nodes for manually adjusting the portion of the spectrum to be displayed. The lower and upper dB bounds can be set by left-clicking on the node and dragging it while the mouse button is depressed.
6.9 Waterfall Viewer 6.9.1 Waterfall Module The waterfall module is part of MosaicOne and allows users to view the raw sidescan data in a waterfall viewer, collect targets from the raw data, and apply bottom tracking and slant range corrections. Options available in the waterfall viewer are presented below. Launch Waterfall Viewer There are three ways to launch the waterfall viewer from Perspective. 1. Right-click on the line in the navigation file tree as shown below: 2.
Waterfall Options The waterfall layout is described in Section 6.9.2. Menu and Toolbar options are presented in Sections 6.9.3 and 6.9.4. Information displays are discussed in Section 6.9.5 File playback options are presented in Section 6.9.6. The link between the map view and the waterfall viewer is discussed in Section 6.9.7. Waterfall Tools Bottom tracking is described in Section 6.10.1. Slant range corrections are discussed in Section 6.10.2. Speed corrections are discussed in Section 6.10.3.
6.9.2 Waterfall Layout Waterfall Window Layout Image View Displays the raw sidescan data as a waterfall. Status Windows Information regarding navigation, ship and sensor data and cursor position are displayed here. Playback Controls Includes a slider bar for monitoring and controlling position in the data file, standard controls for playing back and pausing sidescan data in the waterfall view, and end of file options.
6.9.3 Waterfall Menu Options File Menu At End of File: Options for how to proceed with the file playback once the end of the file is reached. The image below shows the available settings: Go Back to Start - Restarts the playback from the beginning Go to Next File in Time - Starts playback of the next file in time that is in the project Stop - Stops playback and pauses at the end of the file Go To: Options for how to proceed with the file playback once the end of the file is reached.
Time - Moves waterfall view to a selected time as shown below, the window indicates time range to select within. Next File in Time - Starts playback of the next file in time that is in the project. Previous File in Time - Starts the playback of the previous file in time with the project. Scroll Forward: Starts the waterfall scrolling forward. Scroll Back: Starts the waterfall scrolling backward. Bottom Tracking: Opens 'Bottom Tracking' tool.
6.9.4 Waterfall Toolbars Main Toolbar Single sidescan waterfall window Double sidescan waterfall windows Separate parameter window Previous – moves backwards in waterfall window one screen at a time Forward – moves forwards in waterfall window one screen at a time Refresh Window Turn On/Off Slant Range Turn On/Off Speed Correction Open LUT Settings Histogram Settings Launch Bottom Tracking Tool TVG Settings Contact Toolbar Launch TargetOne module Clear Bookmarks Open Contact Settings 6.9.
The 'Cursor' information shows the cursor position wherever the mouse button is clicked on the screen. Navigation: This shows the navigation position recorded in the raw data file. The position is given in Latitude and Longitude, with the elongated button to the right for changing the format from DD MM SS, DD MM.MM, DD.DDDD. Ship: Shows the ships speed in knots and the Gyro compass heading.
The four buttons on the left go backwards through the data file, the four on the right go forward through the data file and the button in the middle pauses file playback.
Loop Back: This option loops the file and restarts playback from the beginning of the data file. Play Next File In Time: Selecting this will automatically switch to the next file in the time that is loaded into the project. Stop: This option will stop playback at the end of the file. 6.9.7 Waterfall Map – Link As the data is played back in the waterfall window, the position in the data file is displayed in the map view. This is useful for correlating features seen in the waterfall view to the map display.
Conversely, it is also useful to correlate features seen in the map view with the waterfall view of the raw data. Double-clicking on a sidescan navigation line in the map view will open the waterfall viewer and bring up the data for that location. In the example above, the "pipper" shows cursor position along the data line currently being viewed in the waterfall viewer.
displayed in the 'Sensor Data' information. Shown below is a 0.0 value for 'Altitude', indicating there is no bottom tracking information in the file. To start the bottom tracking tool, select the toolbar button or the menu option as shown below: This launches the 'Bottom Track Tool' window as shown below: The data is viewed horizontally at the top of the window with bottom tracking and viewing options below. Shown in the image above are two tabs for adjusting settings.
Method: Before making adjustments to the bottom tracking options, a method must be selected from the drop down list. Available options are shown here: Amplitude - Uses the sharp change in the signal amplitude to detect the water bottom and determine the sonar altitude. Gradient - Uses the sharp change in the signal gradient to detect the water bottom and determine the sonar altitude.
Gamma: Gamma is a way of logarithmically compensating for low intensity pixels that may be present in some images. Sliding the bar to the right increases the gamma index for the image (maximum gamma = +10); sliding it to the left decreases it (minimum gamma = +0.10). The value +1.00 represents midpoint of the scale (no gamma). Brightness: Sliding the bar to the right brightens the image; sliding it to the left darkens it.
Clear: Removes bottom tracking results. Apply: Applies the bottom tracking results to the data file and writes the results to the cache file and if selected into the raw XTF file as well. Selecting this option will close the 'Bottom Tracking Tool' window after the results have been applied. Cancel: Discards the results generated and closes the 'Bottom Tracking Tool' window. 6.10.
To apply the slant range corrections, select the toolbar button This will correct the waterfall image by removing the water column as shown below: 6.10.3 Speed Corrections Speed corrections are designed to remove the distortions during file payback caused by fluctuations in survey speed during data acquisition.
To open the histogram window for the waterfall viewer, select the toolbar button This window shows two overlapping histograms, one is the original histogram and the other represents the modified histogram based on the adjustments the user makes here. Options in the histogram window include: Window Options: The two square boxes along the bottom of the window act as nodes for manually adjusting the portion of the spectrum to be displayed.
Reset: Allows the user to return the histogram to the original spread that was set during creation of the image. 6.10.5 Waterfall LUT The imagery color settings can be changed for the waterfall viewer by selecting the LUT toolbar button This will open the following window: Options available in the Color Settings window are: Gamma: The gamma of an image is a measure of its contrast and brightness. By correcting the gamma, you can adjust these two elements in unison.
6.10.6 Waterfall TVG A time-varying gain (TVG) function can be applied to the waterfall data by selecting the 'TVG' toolbar button This will open the following window: The window shown above is set to apply TVG to 'All Channels'.
The default TVG curve is set to be flat, as shown in the image above. To change the TVG curve there are two options. 1. Left mouse click anywhere in the TVG window and a node will be added at that spot. 2. Left mouse click on an existing node and drag it to a new location by holding the mouse button down. The sidescan data in the waterfall viewer will automatically update as the TVG curve is changed to get instantaneous feedback of how the changed curve affects the data display.
This TVG settings file can be loaded for use on subsequent data files by selecting the 'Load TVG Settings' button. An example of the effect TVG can have is shown below. The first image shows the original waterfall view. The second image shows a capture of the TVG settings. The third picture shows the waterfall view after the settings were applied.
6.10.7 Waterfall Targets Targets can be acquired from the waterfall viewer by selecting the 'Contacts' toolbar button The targeting module is described in detail in the TargetOne section of the help document in Section 7.1.
6.11 Interpretation Options 6.11.1 Sidescan Blink Comparator To quickly compare two overlapping sidescan mosaic layers, the 'Blink Comparator' tool can be used. The 'Blink Comparator' allows the user to quickly turn on/off a layer or can be set to cycle a layer on/off to help identify differences in the layers.
6.11.
Allocated Coverage: This is the number of square nautical miles which the tiles used to store the data in the DTM layer represent. Actual Coverage: This is the number of square meters of the actual ensonified area. Total Lines: This is the number of lines included and used in the creation of the DTM layer. Along-Track Distance: This is the combined along-track distance of all lines included and used in the creation of the DTM layer.
6.11.4 Sidescan Classification Bottom types can be classified in MosaicOne using the built-in classification module called SeaClass. The classification process is described in detail in the SeaClass section of the help document in Section 8.1. 7: TargetOne 7.1 TargetOne Module TargetOne is an add-on to Perspective Map which allows users to select targets from sidescan waterfall data or from mosaics in the map view. Options available in the TargetOne module are presented below.
Waterfall Targets: From the waterfall window in Perspective, targets can be selected for classification and saving in TargetOne. Details on how to collect targets from the waterfall view are described in Section 7.2.1. Map Targets: From the Perspective map view, targets can be selected from features identified in the mosaics for classification and saving in TargetOne. Details on how to collect targets from the map view are described in Section 7.2.2. 7.2 Target Selection 7.2.
To acquire a target, double-click on the mosaic on the feature of interest. This will capture an image of the selected target and transfer that image into the TargetOne window. If multiple lines of data used to create the mosaic exist in the selected target location, then one image from each data line beneath the selected location will be captured and sent to the TargetOne window. 7.3 TargetOne Application 7.3.
Thumbnail View Displays a thumbnail for each image saved in TargetOne, with a scroll bar to access thumbnails from farther down the list than what can be viewed in this window. Image Display Controls This allows the user to adjust the image display settings. Status Windows Information regarding the cursor position, towfish position and target measurements are displayed here. Status Bar Displays additional status information including image size in pixels, color scale, zoom level, etc. 7.3.
Quit: Quit Perspective. File Menu Open... Open an existing contact file (*.con, *.tgt, *.tif, *.pcm). Find Opens a Contact Search Criteria window to search for contacts in project. Close Close the active contact file. Close All Closes all open contact files. Save Save the active contact file, asks what file types to save to. Save Image As... Save the active contact to specified image type. Save All Save all contact files open in TargetOne. Save All Images As...
image tag (Tag 270). Classify... Opens a window for classifying the active target. Geocorrect... Corrects active target image for north up, instead of heading up. Configuration... Opens an application configuration settings window. Ramp Support... Gives options for applying a ramp file. Cursor Symbol Options for the cursor icon symbol. Cursor Color Options for changing the cursor color. Pan Image Changes the cursor to enable the user to pan in the main image window.
Window Menu Cascade Overlaps all contact image windows. Tile Tiles all open contact images in main image display window. Arrange Allows the user to arrange contact images. Help Menu About TargetOne Show the about dialog box. Contents Show the help table of contents. 7.3.3 TargetOne Toolbars Main Toolbar Open an existing contact file (*.con, *.tgt, *.tif, *.
Zoom to "Fit to Window" Zoom in one level Zoom out on level Zoom to area Zoom to "Fit to Width" Zoom to "Fit to Height" Linear Zoom Cubic Zoom Pan Image Utility Toolbar Measurement Tool Electronic Light Table Geometrical Correction Parameters Annotate Add comments to TAG270 Reverse Palette Object Detection 173 | P a g e February 2011
Measurement Toolbar Measure Distance Measure Object Echo-Shadow (tied) Measure Object Echo Measure Object Shadow Measure Object Length 7.4 TargetOne Window 7.4.1 TargetOne Window Regions TargetOne has five main regions for displaying imagery and information as described below. Image View: This consists of two parts: the main view of the captured target and an overview window showing where on the image the main view is zoomed into.
8: SeaClass 8.1 SeaClass Module SeaClass is an add-on to MosaicOne which allows users to classify sediment types based on a neural net training set created from bottom sample information and select points or other ground truth methods. Supported Formats .TMAP_MOZ (Perspective Sidescan mosaic) .DDS_VIF (Triton Map Visual Information File) .TIF (GeoTIFF) The procedure works with the above file formats and is the same for any of these file types.
To create the training set, click on the toolbar button or right-click on the Manual Training node in the SeaClass File Tree and select 'Create' as shown below: This will open the 'Create Training Set' window shown below: Options available on this page include: Training Set Name - Allows the user to give the training set a unique name. Sampling Grid Size - Sets the output resolution in meters. If 'Custom' is selected, the value is entered in the 'Custom Grid Size' box below.
Options available on this page include: Add Class - Selecting this will open a dialog for entering the name of the class types to be used as shown here: Selecting 'OK' will open a 'Color' window to select the color to use for the entered bottom type as shown here: Selecting 'OK' will add the entered name to the 'Training Classes and Samples' field as shown here: 177 | P a g e February 2011
Recording Options - The three buttons shown below are provided for linking the selected class to the mosaic or GeoTiff values. The left button is for recording. Double-Click in the Perspective Map View on areas you want to use as samples for training the Neural Net. Click on the middle pause button when you are done. Selecting the X button will remove the selected class points from the 'Training Classes and Samples' field.
Sample points will appear in the map view in the colors chosen as shown in the example below: The training set points will automatically appear in the SeaClass file tree as shown: The SeaClass file tree is discussed in Section 1.3.3.
Click 'Next' to open a dialog to for naming the training set XML file as shown here: or click 'Finish' to close the Edit & Classes window without saving the training set to a XML file. 8.3 Bottom Classification The last step in the classification process is to use the neural net to automatically classify an image or mosaic file.
Options in this window include: The drop down list contains all of the available neural nets. Select the layer to classify by clicking the checkbox next to the layer name. Cancel will close the SeaClass window and stop the classification process. OK will close the SeaClass window and will open a Save Classification Grid File window as shown below: Enter a file name and select Save. This will start the classification process.
When the process is complete the results are overlain on the image in the map view as shown: 8.4 Neural Net Training The second step in the classification process is to use the training set already created to train the neural net.
This will open the 'Train Neural Net' window: To create a new neural net, click the 'Create' button which will open the following window: 183 | P a g e February 2011
Enter a file name and select 'Save'. This will return you to the 'Train Neural Net' window shown below: Options available include: Create - Used to create a neural net for automated image classification. Back - Allows users to return to previous pages of wizard to change values entered. Finish - Select when done creating neural nets and setting parameters. Cancel - Quits the Train Neural Net wizard without saving values entered. 8.
Click Add Class to add a new class name and color, then click as before to define the new class: The same .CNX file can be updated or a new one created, the classification can then be done with either of the available .CNX files.
8.6 Quick Classification As mentioned earlier, the creation of the Classification image can take some time. It is worth noting that the actual classification of the image does not take very long. There is a Tool Bar Button called Quick Classification ID that can be used to check if the Classification image will be what was expected BEFORE the actual image is created. To activate the 'Quick Classify' button you must complete all steps up to the end of Training the Neural net. Once the .
When the 'Quick Classify' button is activated the mouse cursor becomes a Query pointer; double clicking anywhere on the image briefly (3 secs) shows the current classification for that point in the image: 187 | P a g e February 2011
