INSTRUCTION MANUAL Innovator LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly AXCERA, LLC 103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA (724) 873-8100 • FAX (724) 873-8105 www.axcera.com • info@axcera.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION SECTION PAGE 1.1 Manual Overview...................................................................................1-1 1.2 Assembly Designation Numbers ..............................................................1-1 1.3 Safety ..................................................................................................1-1 1.4 Maintenance .....................................................................
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued) 5.4 UHF Trap Filter Assembly .......................................................................5-5 5.4.1 The Effects of Tuning the Output Trap Filter ....................................5-6 APPENDICES APPENDIX A INNOVATOR LX SERIES SPECIFICATIONS APPENDIX B DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS LX Series, Rev.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGE 3-1 3-2 3-3 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration ..........................................3-4 Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing ......................................3-5 Rear View of LX Series Transmitter ..................................................3-6 4-1 UHF Amplifier Module, 250 Watts.....................................................4-2 5-1 Typical Red Field Spectrum ..............................
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 PAGE LX Series Power Amplifier Assemblies...............................................2-1 Power Amplifier Status Indicators ....................................................2-3 Power Amplifier Control Adjustments................................................2-3 Power Amplifier Sample ..................................................................2-3 Pioneer Chassis Customer Remote Connections .........
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction This manual explains the installation, setup, alignment, and maintenance procedures for the Power Amplifier Assembly for the Innovator LX Series transmitter. It is important that you read all of the instructions, especially the safety information in this chapter, before you begin to install or operate the unit. relevant appendix that contains the drawings for that item. 1.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction Ventilation – Openings in the cabinets and modules front panels are provided for ventilation. To ensure the reliable operation of the amplifier assembly, and to protect the unit from overheating, these openings must not be blocked. screened markings on the modules and boards. Water-based cleaners can be used, but do not saturate the components.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction When shipping an item to Axcera, please include the MRA# on the packing list and on the shipping container. The packing slip should also include contact information and a brief description of why the unit is being returned.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction ! WARNING!!! " HIGH VOLTAGE # DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life. RESCUE BREATHING 1. Find out if the person is breathing. You must find out if the person has stopped breathing.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµ µV, & VOLTAGE EXPRESSED IN WATTS 50 Ohm System WATTS 1,000,000,000,000 100,000,000,000 10,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 100,000,000 10,000,000 1,000,000 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 50 20 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 0.000001 0.0000001 0.00000001 0.000000001 0.0000000001 0.00000000001 0.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY mile (US statute) kilometer (km) inch (in) millimeter (mm) inch (in) centimeter (cm) inch (in) meter (m) foot (ft) meter (m) yard (yd) meter (m) mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) pound (lb) kilogram (kg) gallon (gal) liter U.S. liquid (One U.S. gallon equals 0.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS AC Alternating Current PCB Printed circuit board AFC Automatic Frequency Control QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ALC Automatic Level Control AM Amplitude modulation AGC Automatic Gain Control AWG American wire gauge BER Bit Error Rate BW Bandwidth DC Direct Current D/A Digital to analog dB Decibel dBm Decibel referenced to 1 milliwatt dBmV Decibel referenced to 1 millivolt dBw Decibel refer
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR 0 -10 -20 R E -30 T U R N dB L O S S -40 -50 -60 -70 1.001 1.01 1.1 VSWR LX Series, Rev. 0 1-9 2.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections Chapter 2 Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections 2.1 LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Overview exciter/driver. The output of the amplifier assembly at the “N” connector J205 is cabled to A9 the bandpass filter for the system. The filtered output can connect to (A10) the Optional 1 section or 2 section trap filter that provides even more filtering as needed.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections to J200 the RF input to the PA Assembly. This module contains RF monitoring circuitry for both an analog and a digital system. Control and monitoring lines to the Power Amplifier module are routed through the floating blind-mate connector of the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply module. systems, aural and visual power will only be reported for the final system RF output.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections Table 2-2. Power Amplifier Status Indicator LED ENABLED (Green) DC OK (Green) TEMP (Green) MOD OK (Green) FUNCTION When lit Green, it indicates that the PA is in the Operate Mode. If a Mute occurs, the PA will remain Enabled, until the input signal is returned. When lit Green, it indicates that the fuse protected DC inputs to the PA module are OK.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections • If the transmitter does not switch to Operate when the operate menu is switched to Operate, check that all faults are cleared and that the remote control terminal block stand-by signal is not active. Entering Operate Mode Entering the operate mode can be initiated a few different ways by the transmitter control board.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly • Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections therefore detectors of power amplifiers are calibrated at their frequency of use. The detectors for System RF monitoring are also calibrated at the desired frequency of use. Receipt of a “Standby CMD” over the serial interface. Operating Frequency The LX Series transmitter controller is designed to operate on UHF and VHF frequencies.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Signal Name Pin Designations RMT AUX IO 1 TB30-4 RMT AUX IO 2 TB30-5 RMT Transmitter Operate RMT Transmitter Stand-By TB30-6 TB30-7 RMT Power Raise TB30-8 RMT Power Lower TB30-9 RMT System Reflect Power TB30-10 RMT System Visual/Forward Power TB30-11 RMT System Aural Power TB30-12 RMT Spare 1 RMT Spare 2 TB30-13 TB30-14 System Reflect Power TB31-13 System Visual / Forward Power TB31-14 System Aural Power TB31-15 IF Processor IF Signal Select TB3
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Signal Name Pin Designations IF Processor DLC Voltage TB31-4 UC AGC #2 Voltage TB31-5 RMT Ground RMT Ground RMT +12 VDC RMT -12 VDC LX Series, Rev. 0 TB30-15, and 17 TB31-1, 2, 6 to 12, and 17 TB30-16 TB31-16 TB30-18 TB31-18 Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections Signal Type/Description Analog Output - 0 to 5.00 V- This is the input of IF Processor module for digital system RF output power control.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Chapter 3 Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures There are special considerations that need to be taken into account before the LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly and exciter/driver assembly can be installed. For example, if the installation is completed during cool weather, a heatrelated problem may not surface for many months, suddenly appearing during the heat of summer.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures sources of heat, such as personnel, and all should be taken into account. Now that the amount of heat that must be removed is known, the next step is to determine how to accomplish this. The options are air conditioning, ventilation, or a combination of the two. Air conditioning is always the preferred method and is the only way to create anything close to an ideal environment.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures higher than four feet above the floor. The inlet must be located where dirt, leaves, snow, etc., will not be carried in with the cooling air. 5. The exhaust should be located as high as possible. Some ducting is usually required to insure the complete flushing of heated air with no stagnant areas. 6.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures always good practice to consult the manufacturer when questions arise. Axcera can be contacted at (724) 8738100. Figure 3-1. 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration 3.2 Unpacking the Chassis w/modules, bandpass and optional trap filters The modules are mounted to the chassis assembly with slides that are on the top and the bottom of the modules.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures be removed from the rear of the chassis assembly. NOTE: To pull out any power amplifier module for replacement purposes, the input and output coaxial cables must first Figure 3-2. Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing Connect the transmission line for the antenna system to the output of the optional trap filter. A BNC sample jack of the output on the trap filter can be used for test purpose. 3.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Figure 3-3: Rear View of LX Series Transmitter J25 J21 TB02 TB30 J18 TB31 J9 J6 J24 J11 J19 J32 J5 J34 Table 3-1: Rear Chassis Connections for the LX Series Transmitter.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures 3.5.2 Front Panel Screens for the Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly characters are special characters used to navigate up or down through the menu screens. Display text flashes on discrete fault conditions for all screens that display a fault condition.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Table 3-5: Menu 11 - Error List Access Screen S Y S T E E R ↑ R O R M L E R R O I S E T N T ↓ R S D I 6 S P L A Y S T B This screen of the transmitter shows the current number of errors and provides operator access to view the error list. This is the entry point to Menu 20. If ENT is pushed, go to Menu 20.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Table 3-9: Menu 30 - Transmitter Device Details Screen S X P Y S T M T R O W E ↑ E R M I N S ↓ D U E O P T P P A E L I R Y L A : S T E O M O D E E S C K This screen of the transmitter allows access to the transmitter parameters of installed devices. The system is configured to know which devices are present. Current values for all installed devices are shown.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly System Component Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Parameter Ext. Power Amplifier Modules Details (Only in high power systems) Normal Faulted (Blinking) FORWARD POWER REFLECTED POWER AMP 1 CURRENT AMP 2 CURRENT TEMPERATURE CODE VERSION xxx% xxx% xx.xA xx.xA xxC x.x xxx% xxx% xx.xA xx.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Table 3-14: Menu 40-2 - Transmitter Set-up: Frequency Select Screen T 0 R 3 A N F T S R A ↑ M I E Q B L ↓ T U E T E ( E N O + R C R ) S Y C E E S U S T E S C L T U P E C T O M ( - ) This screen of the transmitter is allows access to transmitter frequency set-up parameters. The choices of this screen are 'TABLE' or 'CUSTOM'.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Table 3-18: Menu 40-6 - Transmitter Set-up: Serial Address Screen T 0 R 4 A N S S E ↑ M I R I T A ↓ T L E R A ( + ) D S D E R T E E S C S U S P 5 ( - ) This screen allows the user to set the serial address of the transmitter. The default address is 5. This value and all other set-up parameters, are stored in non-volatile memory.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures Table 3-22: Menu 40-10 - Transmitter Set-up: System Reflected Power Calibration T 0 R 6 A N S R S Y E ↑ M I S T F L ↓ T E E T E R M C C T ( + ) A P S L W E E I R S T B R X U A . C P T X ( E % - ) This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's reflected power.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures output sets a linear circuit voltage that is controlling a non-linear power circuit. VIDEO LOSS: This indicates the loss of Video to the modulator, when Red. If a problem occurred during the setup and operation procedures, refer to Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures, of this manual for more information. OVER MOD: This illuminates Red when the video is overmodulated.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly DC OK - This illuminates Green when the DC outputs that connect to the modules in the transmitter are present. POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE LEDs ON FRONT PANEL Status Indicators: ENABLED - This illuminates Green when the PA is in operate. Chapter 3, Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures TEMP - This illuminates Green when the temperature of the heatsink in the PA is below 78°C. MOD OK - This illuminates Green when the PA module is operating and has no faults.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions Chapter 4 Circuit Descriptions The RF from the exciter/driver assembly connects from the RF Output “N” Jack J25, through a RG-55 cable, to the PA RF Input SMA Jack J200, located on the rear of the PA chassis assembly. The RF Input is cabled through UT-141 to port J111 on the main chassis. Jack J1 on the PA module assembly connects to the J111 port when the module assembly is slid into place.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions The amplification circuit consists of LDMOS transistors Q1 and Q2 connected in parallel and operating class AB. The paralleling network is achieved with the aid of 3 dB couplers U3 and U4. The quiescent current settings are achieved by means of potentiometers R6 and R10. C39 and C38 are adjusted for best response. The settings are factory implemented and should not be altered.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly 4.1.6 (A5) Amplifier Control Board (1301962; Appendix B) The amplifier control board provides LED fault and enable indications on the front panel of the module and also performs the following functions: overdrive cutback, when the drive level reaches the amount needed to attain 110% output power; and overtemperature, VSWR, and overdrive faults.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly amplifier U17 or U18 at high current shut down should be greater than 15 Amps. U14B is used to turn Off the gate of Q10 in the event of high power supply voltage, approximately +35.4 VDC. U14A is used to keep the FET disabled in the event of low power supply voltage, approximately +25.4 VDC. Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions to J6 pins 1 & 2 on the board wand is wired to the comparator IC U10B.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly and connected to the Reflected Power Shutdown circuit at CR28. The low shuts off Q14 causing pin 3 to go high that is connected to the inverter U15C. The output of U15C goes low producing a Reflected Power Fault that is connected to an output of the board, the Fault Alert circuit and also shuts down Amplifier #1. Gain of the power measurements is completed through software. Only the Aural Null and Offset Null need to be done through front panel pots.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures Chapter 5 Detailed Alignment Procedures This Power Amplifier Assembly along with the transmitter was aligned at the factory and should not require additional adjustments to achieve normal operation. mate connector. Replace the two cables on the rear of the chassis assembly. If the replacement module does not slide in easily, verify it is properly aligned in the nylon tracks, located on both the top and bottom of the module.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures Power Amplifier and the adjustment of the linearity and phase predistortion to compensate for any nonlinear response of the Power Amplifier. The adjustments are located on the front panel of the IF Processor module. ALTERNATE IF (DS7) – Red Indicates that an external 45.75 MHz IF is not present to the modulator. 10 MHz PRESENT (DS2) – Red Indicates that an external 10 MHz reference in not present to the modulator.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures correct, adjust the SAP/PRO Audio Gain pot R150, located on the front panel of the modulator, as necessary, for the ±15-kHz deviation. DS1, AGC Cutback, just starts to flash. Return the output power of the transmitter to 100%. 5.2.1 Linearity Correction Adjustment IF Processor Module Assembly Verify that all red LEDs located on the IF Processor front panel are extinguished.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures Figure 5-1. Typical Red Field Spectrum 5.2.2 Frequency Response Delay Equalization Adjustment Note: The frequency response adjustment is done at IF, so the frequency cut-in points will be reversed at the UHF frequencies. The procedure for performing a frequency response delay equalization adjustment for the transmitter is described in the following steps: 5.2.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures Example is for 1000 Watt transmitter. the System Errors Menu. Turn the power adjust pot slightly CCW and the fault should be clearable on the System Error Menu. Turn the pot CW until the Fault appears. The reflected output power is now calibrated. • Sync + black 0 IRE setup/wattmeter=595 watts • Sync + black 7.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures adjustments. The Trap Filter is comprised of four trap sections connected to the main transmission line. effect the Notch Depth in addition to the Center Frequency. The variable that is being adjusted with this procedure is the length of the Center Conductor inside the Trap Filter. The gap between the Trap and the Main Line should not be changed.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures the Output Trap Filter for at least one hour to allow for warm-up drift. This completes the detailed alignment procedures for the LX Series transmitter. The Transmitter is ready for normal operation. If a problem occurred during the alignment, help can be found by calling Axcera field support at 724-873-8100. LX Series, Rev.
APPENDIX A LX SERIES SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
Innovator LX (Preliminary) Low Power Transmitter 10W-6kW Designed to provide broadcasters with a product that will meet their needs like no other solution on the market, this new low to medium power transmitter line uses the latest LDMOS devices for broadband operation across the entire UHF band. This allows users to minimize spare parts stock, which is especially important to group owners and networks, and also enables simple and inexpensive channel changes.
Innovator LX (Preliminary) Low Power Transmitter 10W - 6kW Visual Performance Visual Performance (continued) Frequency Range 470 to 806 MHz Carrier Stability (Transmitters) Standard ±1 kHz Optional ±350 Hz w/PFC ±1Hz Frequency Translation Stability (Translators) Standard ±1 kHz Optional ±350 Hz w/PFC ±1Hz Regulation of RF Output Power 3% Output Variation (Over 1 Frame) 2% Sideband Response -1.25 MHz and below -20 dB -0.75 to -0.5 MHz +0.5 db, -2 dB -0.5 to +3.58 MHz ±0.5 dB +3.58 MHz to +4.18 MHz +0.
APPENDIX B DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Appendix B, Drawings and Parts Lists LX Series High Power System LX Series Amplifier Line Up Block Diagram............................................. 1302633 LX Series System Transmitter Interconnect (4 kW) ................................. 1304127 LX Series System Typical Racking Plan (4kW) ........................................ 1304133 LX Series System Phasing Diagram (4kW) .............................................
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Appendix B, Drawings and Parts Lists Power Supply Assembly, 1 kW, LX Series (One Power Supply Assembly for two Amplifier Assemblies) Interconnect....................................................................................... 1303479 LX Series, Rev.