User Manual

iNtroductioN
 UEicombustionanalyzersproviderealtimedatathatprovidesinformationontheconditionofthecombus-
tion process of your equipment. This information is needed for proper setup and maintenance to verify proper operation.
Benefits of combustion analysis are to increase efficiency thus reducing fuel costs, verification of proper combustion to
reduce future problems, and to check for safe operation. A combustion process out of balance can increase maintenance
needs, create excess emissions, lead to safety concerns or waste fuel and money. By checking for proper operation you are
able to confirm a job well done.
 •Thisoverviewwillexplainsomeofthecommontermsusedincombustiontesting
  –Thecombustionprocess–(asmallamountofchemistry)
  –Idealcombustion–youmayhaveheardthetermStoichiometric(ornot)
  –RelationshipbetweenCO2,COandO2
 •Theanalyzeranddisplay
  –Varioustextandiconsusedonthefronthousingandinthedisplay.
  –Whatwillthereadingsdowhenadjustmentsaremade
  –Whereareyouonthecombustioncurvesfromthesereadings
the comBuStioN proceSS
What is really going on during combustion? Most of us know it as a fire that is generating heat and possibly
smoke.Weknowthatpaperorwoodcanburnwhenlit,andcontinuetoburn–butwhatisreallyhappening?
Combustion is a continuous chemical reaction that occurs when a certain temperature is reached, and there is the presence
of both fuel and an oxidizer. The most common fuels are hydrogen and carbon, and the typical oxidizer is O2 present in
the air we breathe. Once the reaction is started it will continue as long as it is being fed fuel and oxygen, and the tempera-
ture is sufficient.
ideal comBuStioN proceSS
Ifaperfectconditioncouldexistforcombustionitwouldbetheburningofpurehydrogen(H2)inpureoxy-
gen(O2).Thiswouldgiveusheatandwater,andbetheeasiesttomaintain.Twohydrogen(H2),combinewithoneO2
molecule gives us two water molecules plus heat. The reaction would be something like figure 1.
It is great in theory that we would have a very efficient system with only some heat losses from the water vapor, but
itisn’tverypractical.Purehydrogenandoxygenareexpensivetocreate,anddifficulttohandlecomparedtoother
fuels already available.
COMBUSTION BASICS
7