Repair manual

GLOSSARY OF TPMS TERMS
ABS – Anti-lock braking system.
Activation Tool – Electronic tool used to activate,
trigger or wake-up a TPMS sensor once it has entered
the Sleep Mode. Typically, the tool sends a 125kHz LF
signal to the TPMS sensor forcing it to wake-up and
transmit data. Activation tools may be needed to aid
in the relearn processes.
Banded Sensor – Sensor mounted in the drop
center of the wheel using a metal band. The sensor
is typically mounted 180° from the valve stem. The
sensor is attached to the metal band using a cradle
and secured to the cradle with a plastic clip. Ford is
the only vehicle manufacturer that uses banded
sensors, as original equipment, on their vehicles.
Clamp-in Style Sensor – Sensor mounted to the
wheel through the rim hole using a special sealing nut
to secure it into the wheel. These sensors can usually
be identied by their aluminum valve stem.
Cradle – The carrier that holds the banded sensor
to the band.
Continuous Wave Sensors – Sensors designed to
trigger when they are exposed to a continuous
electronic signal for 4-7 seconds.
Direct TPMS – System that uses wheel mounted
sensors or transmitters to transmit information to
the vehicles ECU. This system meets current
federal regulations.
Drive Mode – When a vehicle reaches a certain
velocity, for a specied period, the sensor enters
drive mode and transmits data at regular intervals.
ECU – Electronic Control Unit.
FCC – Federal Communications Commission
FMVSS 138 – The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard adopted by the NHTSA, as required by
legislation known as the TREAD Act, mandating
that TPMS be installed on all new vehicles having
a GVWR of 10.000 lbs. or less except motorcycles
and those vehicles with dual wheels on an axle.
Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) – The total weight of
a loaded vehicle including the chassis, body
and payload.
ID – Identication
Indirect TPMS – System based on the use of a
vehicles ABS. This type of system does not require
the use of sensors or transmitters. Indirect systems
were once popular, but those systems did not meet
current federal regulations.
Learn Mode – Mode in which the vehicles receiver
stores the sensors ID, within its memory, for future
identication purposes.
LF – Low Frequency (Trigger Frequency) 125kHz
Magnetically Triggered Sensors – Sensor designed
to trigger when exposed to a powerful magnetic wave
NHTSA – National Highway Trafc Safety
Administration. The U.S. federal agency that
develops and administers educational, engineering
and enforcement programs for safe vehicle use
and cost-effective highway travel.
Normal Mode – Also referred to a Park Mode, is the
state the TPMS sensor is in during normal driving
operations.
OBDII – On-Board Diagnostic systems were
introduced as an electronic means to control engine
functions and diagnose engine problems. OBDII,
introduced in the mid-90’s, provides almost complete
engine control and also monitors parts of the chassis,
body and accessory devices, as well as the diagnostic
control network of the car.
OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer.
Off Mode – Also referred to as Ship Mode is the
TPMS sensor state where no transmission occurs and
pressure sampling occurs once every 30 seconds.
Mainly used for shipment and storage, sensors will
remain in this condition until activated into another
mode. Sensors being shipped from overseas are often
shipped in Off Mode because the FCC will not allow
any electronic devices to transmit any type of signal
that may interfere with radio air waves. It is important
to note that not all sensors are shipped in this mode.
Park Mode – Also referred to as Normal Mode, is
the state the TPMS sensor is in during normal driving
operations.
Pulse Modulated Sensors – Sensors designed to
trigger when they are exposed to a 125kHz signal
with a specic and exclusive OEM electronic pattern.
Protocol – The specic internal programming that
runs the TPMS sensor.
Receiver – Device that decodes the TPMS sensor
data and converts it into information used by the
vehicles onboard computer system.
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