Vermont Castings Defiant Defiant Woodburning Stove Model 1910 Homeowner’s Installation and Operating Manual 0968 For use in the United States and Canada SAFETY NOTICE: IF THIS APPLIANCE IS NOT PROPERLY INSTALLED, OPERATED AND MAINTAINED, A HOUSE FIRE MAY RESULT. TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS. FAILURE TO FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN PROPERTY DAMAGE, BODILY INJURY OR EVEN DEATH.
Vermont Castings Defiant Welcome Congratulations on your choice of a Vermont Castings Defiant stove. With this purchase you have made a commitment to make the hearth a place of warmth, beauty and comfort in your home. At Vermont Castings, we share that joy and appreciation for the hearth. We assure you that your cast-iron Vermont Castings stove has been made with the utmost care and will provide you with many years of service.
Vermont Castings Defiant The Story of the Defiant No wood-burning appliance, save for Ben Franklin’s Pennsylvania Fireplace, has a stronger heritage than the Vermont Castings Defiant. Named for a 19th-century steamship, the original Vermont Castings Defiant Wood Stove came to epitomize America’s resolve and independence during the Energy Crisis of the 1970s. The year was 1975.
Vermont Castings Defiant Specifications Defiant, Model 1910 Range of heat output .......... 10,600 to 44,400 Btu’s/hr.* Maximum heat output ........................ 55,000 Btu’s/hr.** Area heated ............................ Up to 2,400 Square feet Fuel Size/type ................................. 22 - 24” hardwood Fuel capacity ................................................ 50 pounds Loading ...................................................... Front or top Chimney Connector: for 8” flue collar ........
Vermont Castings Defiant Installation Before you begin an installation, be sure that: • Your stove and chimney connector will be far enough from combustible material to meet all clearance requirements. • The floor protector is large enough and is constructed properly to meet all requirements. • You have all necessary permits from local authorities. Your local building official is the final authority for approving your installation as safe and determining that it meets local and state codes.
Vermont Castings Defiant What Kind of Chimney to Use Masonry Chimneys You must connect the Defiant to a code-approved masonry chimney with a flue liner, to a relined masonry chimney that meets local codes, or to a prefabricated metal chimney that complies with the requirements for Type HT chimneys in the Standard for Chimneys, Factory-Built, Residential Type and Building Heating Appliance, UL 103. Fig. 2 illustrates the two types.
Vermont Castings Defiant Accessories to help make the connection between stainless steel chimney liners and your Defiant are available through your local dealer. Chimney Connector Guidelines A chimney connector is the single-wall pipe that connects the stove to the chimney. The chimney itself is the masonry or prefabricated structure that encloses the flue. Chimney connectors are used only to connect the stove to the chimney. Single-wall connectors should be made of 24 gauge or heavier steel.
Vermont Castings Defiant Chimney Thimble Sleeve Flue Elbow Flue Flue Inner Chimney Connector Slip Pipe Standard Connector Oval to Round Adaptor Keep sleeve end flush with flue tile Thimble Flue Collar ST243 Fig. 6 The thimble, made of either ceramic or metal, must be cemented securely in place. ST492 Fig. 5 An exploded view of the chimney connection in a freestanding masonry installation.
Vermont Castings Defiant If the chimney connector in your installation enters the chimney above a fireplace, follow all the guidelines mentioned above for freestanding installations. In addition, give special consideration to the following points: • Check the clearance between the stove and the chimney connector, and any combustible trim or the mantel. • Check the clearance between the chimney connector and the ceiling. The clearance should be at least 18" (457 mm).
Vermont Castings Defiant NOTE: Do not vent your Defiant into a factory-built (zero-clearance) fireplace. These appliances and their chimneys are specifically designed as a unit for use as fireplaces. It may void the listing or be hazardous to adapt them for any other use. DO NOT CONNECT A DEFIANT TO ANY AIR DISTRIBUTION DUCT OR SYSTEM. A D B E E Floor Protection A tremendous amount of heat radiates from the bottom plate of your Defiant.
Vermont Castings Defiant Keep the Stove a Safe Distance from Surrounding Materials Both a stove and its chimney connector radiate heat in all directions when operating, and nearby combustible materials can overheat dangerously if they are too close to the heat source. A safe installation requires that adequate clearance be maintained between the hot stove and its connector and nearby combustibles.
Vermont Castings Defiant Defiant Clearance Chart for use with either a 6” or 8” flue collar/chimney connection Stove Clearance Unprotected Surfaces Protected Surfaces Stove Installed Parallel to Wall Stove in Corner Side Rear Corners (B) 33” (840 mm) (C) 23” (585 mm) Stove Installed Parallel to Wall Side Rear Stove in Corner Corners No stove heat shields (A) 24” (610 mm) Stove with rear heat shield, no connector heat shields (G) 24” ( 610 mm) (H) 21” (533 mm) (I) 17” (430 mm) (J) 14” (35
Vermont Castings Defiant Defiant Clearance Diagrams for use with either a 6” or 8” flue collar/chimney connection Unprotected Surfaces Stove Installed Parallel to Wall Protected Surfaces Stove Installed Parallel to Wall Stove in Corner Stove in Corner Top Exit Installations, no heat shields C B A F E D C F Top Exit Installations, heat shield on stove, no shields on single-wall connector H I L K G J I L Top Exit Installations, heat shield on stove, heat shields on single-wall connector O
Vermont Castings Defiant 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) 48" (1220mm) INTR EPID II ST499 ST497 Fig. 12 Parallel installation, vertical chimney connector, two wall shields. Reduced clearances for both rear and side walls. Wall shields may meet at corner if desired. Shielding for connector is centered behind connector. Fig. 14 Corner installation, vertical chimney connector, two wall shields. Reduced side clearances.
Vermont Castings Defiant Distance from the Center of the Flue Collar to the Wall The information on this page is helpful in planning stove placement, particularly in those installations with chimneys that pass through the ceiling. However, this is not a clearance chart. Final stove clearances must adhere to the guidelines in the clearance chart on page 12. Note that rear dimensions differ for installations with 6” or 8” chimney connectors.
Vermont Castings Defiant Assembly Set Up Your Stove Install the Optional Ash Door Heat Shield Cast iron stoves are heavy, and it will take two to four people to move your Defiant into position. Wipe the protective coating of oil from the griddle with a clean dry rag or a paper towel. Install the handle on the griddle. Slip the bolt through a nylon bushing, then through the handle and the other bushing, then through the steel spacer and into the griddle tab. (Fig. 16) Tighten securely. 1.
Vermont Castings Defiant Assemble the Removable Insert Handle The white removable insert handle opens and closes the front doors. Remove after each use, and store it in the handle holder behind the left front leg. Assemble the handle by passing the 3³⁄₈" screw through the ceramic shaft and into the bright metal nub. (Fig. 20) Tighten carefully until snug.
Vermont Castings Defiant Two Ways to Add Fuel Air Control Positions The Defiant’s griddle lifts for convenient top-loading of logs, and is the easiest way to add fuel. (Fig. 24) DDEEFFIIA AN NTT Low Heat Range Def iant DDEEFFIIA AN NTT Medium Heat Range ST521 Fig. 24 Top loading is the best way to add fuel during regular use. Front loading is useful for kindling a fire. High Heat Range DDEEFFIIA AN NTT ST542 Fig.
Vermont Castings Defiant WARNING: FIREPLACE STOVES EQUIPPED WITH DOORS SHOULD BE OPERATED ONLY WITH DOORS FULLY OPEN OR DOORS FULLY CLOSED. IF DOORS ARE LEFT PARTLY OPEN, GAS AND FLAME MAY BE DRAWN OUT OF THE FIREPLACE STOVE OPENING, CREATING RISKS FROM BOTH FIRE AND SMOKE.
Vermont Castings Defiant Use the Air Control Settings that Work Best for You No single air control setting will fit every situation. Each installation will differ depending on the quality of the fuel, the amount of heat desired, and how long you wish the fire to burn; outdoor air temperature and pressure also affect draft. The control setting also depends on your particular installation’s “draft,” or the force that moves air from the stove up through the chimney.
Vermont Castings Defiant In general, the fire must be sufficiently wellestablished to ensure that catalytic activity is initiated. When first starting a fire, a medium- to high- firing rate must be maintained until the stove, catalyst, and fuel are all stabilized at the proper operating temperatures, and the chimney is warmed.
Vermont Castings Defiant 5. Close the damper when the griddle temperature reaches 450°F (230˚C). 6. Adjust the air control for your desired heat output. For best results when refueling, wear long-cuffed stove gloves to protect your hands and forearms, add fuel while the stove still has plenty of glowing embers to re-kindle the fire, and include some smaller pieces of wood in the new fuel load to help the stove regain its operating temperature quickly.
Vermont Castings Defiant likely to glow at its higher temperatures, which it reaches when the firebox is in its lower range - the catalyst is an afterburner, and the more waste fuel there is in the smoke, the hotter the catalyst gets. We strongly advise the use of a stove-top thermometer as a guide to stove performance. Normal operating temperatures are between 450 degrees F (220˚C) and 700 degrees F (370˚C).
Vermont Castings Defiant DRAFT MANAGEMENT A stove is part of a system, which includes the chimney, the operator, the fuel, and the home. The other parts of the system will affect how well the stove works. When there is a good match between all the parts, the system works well. Wood stove or insert operation depends on natural (unforced) draft. Natural draft occurs when the smoke is hotter (and therefore lighter) than the outdoor air at the top of the chimney.
Vermont Castings Defiant Each ‘airtight’ stove requires its own flue. If an airtight stove is vented to a flue that also serves an open fireplace, or a leakier stove, it’s easier for the chimney draft to pull air in through those channels than it is to pull air through the airtight, and performance suffers. Imagine a vacuum cleaner with a hole in the hose to see the effect here. In some cases the other appliance can even cause a negative draft through the airtight, and result in a dangerous draft reversal.
Vermont Castings Defiant Negative Pressure Good draft also depends on a supply of air to the stove; a chimney can’t pull in more air than is available to it. Sluggish draft results when a house is tight enough to prevent the ready flow of air to the stove, or by competition between the stove and other equipment that sends indoor air outside - especially power-driven equipment like range hoods, clothes dryers, etc.
Vermont Castings Defiant Maintenance Keep Your Stove Looking New and Working Its Best Let the fire in the stove go out and allow the stove to cool completely before beginning any maintenance procedure. Care of the Cast Iron Surface An occasional dusting with a dry rag will keep the painted cast iron of your Defiant looking new. The stove’s paint can be touched up as needed. First, mask the areas, such as enamelled parts, glass, or handles, around the spot to be painted. Clean the spot with a wire brush.
Vermont Castings Defiant Check the Operation of the Primary Air Shutter The primary air shutter is at the back of the ash drop and is visible from the back of the stove. (Fig. 33) The shutter must open and close freely when you move the thermostat lever. If it doesn’t, remove any obstruction. If you need assistance, consult your local Vermont Castings Authorized Dealer. Do not change the adjustment of the cable in an attempt to gain increased firing.
Vermont Castings Defiant The Catalytic Element This wood heater contains a catalytic combustor, which needs periodic inspection and replacement for proper operation. In the United States it is against the law to operate this wood heater in a manner inconsistent with the operating instructions in this manual, or if the catalytic element is deactivated or removed. Under normal operating conditions, the catalytic combustor should remain active for two to six years (depending on the amount of wood burned).
Vermont Castings Defiant Alignment Notches Left Wedge Right Wedge Catalytic Element Brick Guide Brick Clip Catalytic Access Panel ST558 Bricks ST556 Fig. 39 Remove and inspect the catalytic element. Fig. 37 Remove the bricks and the brick retainer. Lower Fireback ST557 5. Inspect the element for damage or degradation. Although small hairline cracks will not affect performance, the element should be essentially intact.
Vermont Castings Defiant 6. If the element is in good condition and clean, reinstall it in the stove and replace the refractory access cover. 7. Replace the fireback, the five bricks and their clip, the left and right wedges, and the baffle. When you install the lower fireback, be sure to align the two slight recesses in its bottom forward edge behind the mating tabs on the firebox floor. (Fig.
Vermont Castings Defiant 7. Press the gasketed part firmly against its normal mating surface to seat the gasket evenly in its channel. Close and latch the door to do this, or tap other parts with the rubber mallet (or hammer/block of wood). 8. Clean any excess cement from around the channel, then let the cement that holds the new gasket dry thoroughly. Adjust the Door Latch If Necessary The stove’s doors may need adjustment after you have regasketed them.
Vermont Castings Defiant Appendix: Catalytic Combustor In any chemical reaction, including the combustion process, there are certain conditions which must be met before the reaction can take place. For example, a reaction may require a certain temperature, or a certain concentration of the reactants (the combustion gases and oxygen), or a certain amount of time. Catalysts act at a molecular level to change these requirements, though they are not changed themselves during the reaction.
Vermont Castings Defiant Appendix: Chimney and Fireplace Hazards General A. Improper chimney height. The top of the chimney must be at least 3 feet higher than the spot where it passes through or past the roof, or two feet higher than everything else within ten feet horizontally, whichever is higher. B. Deteriorated chimney cap C. Structural defects indicated by creosote stains on outside of chimney D. Blockage within chimney E.
Vermont Castings Defiant 14 16 22 18 13 26 75 91 17 29 5 19 23 2 1 24 3 6 24 25 21 20 39 8 12 4 38 9 36 10 11 84 68 47 27 7 37 89 49 28 34 77 48 46 72 54 33 86 31 40 85 87 64 30 74 50 66 83 41 52 78 88 54 35 53 76 44 80 56 82 79 70 67 66 81 90 45 42 55 43 65 58 57 80 71 85 59 61 74 73 51 83 0968 The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company reserves the right to make changes in design, materials, specifications, prices and discontinu
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Vermont Castings Defiant Warranty Limited 3 Year Warranty The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company warrants that this woodburning stove will be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from the date you receive it, except that the catalyst, thermostat assembly, handles, glass door panels, cement, and gasketing shall be warranted as described below.
Vermont Castings Defiant The Vermont Castings Majestic Products Company 410 Admiral Blvd. • Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5T 2N6 • 905-670-7885 www.majesticproducts.com • www.vermontcastings.