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1VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual

VHF Band

Service Manual

VX-450 Series

Introduction

This manual provides the technical information necessary for servicing the VX-450 Series Transceiver.

Servicing this equipment requires expertise in

handing surface-mount chip components. At-

tempts by non-qualified persons to service this

equipment may result in permanent damage not

covered by the warranty, and may be illegal in

some countries.

Two PCB layout diagrams are provided for each

double-sided board in this transceiver. Each side

of the board is referred to by the type of the ma-

jority of components installed on that side (“Side

A” or “Side B”). In most cases one side has only

chip components (surface-mount devices), and

the other has either a mixture of both chip and

leaded components (trimmers, coils, electrolytic

capacitors, ICs, etc.), or leaded components only.

As described in the pages to follow, the advanced

microprocessor design of the VX-450 Series

Transceiver allows a complete alignment of this

transceiver to be performed without opening the case of the radio; all adjustments can be performed from the front panel,

using the “Alignment Mode” menu.

While we believe the information in this manual to be correct, VERTEX STANDARD assumes no liability for damage that

may occur as a result of typographical or other errors that may be present. Your cooperation in pointing out any inconsis-

tencies in the technical information would be appreciated.

Important Note

This transceiver was assembled using Pb (lead) free solder, based on the RoHS specification.

Only lead-free solder (Alloy Composition: Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) should be used for repairs performed on this apparatus. The

solder stated above utilizes the alloy composition required for compliance with the lead-free specification, and any solder with

the above alloy composition may be used.

Specifications...........................................................2

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts .................4

16 key & 4 key Type ...........................................4

Non-key Type......................................................5

Parts List .................................................................6

Block Diagram ........................................................7

16 key & 4 key Type ...........................................7

Non-key Type....................................................11

Circuit Description ..............................................15

Alignment ..............................................................18

Board Units (Schematics & Layouts)

MAIN Unit (16 key & 4 key Type) ................. 32

MAIN Unit (Non-key Type) ............................ 41

Display Unit (16 key & 4 key Type) ............... 47

Contents

16 key Type

4 key Type Non-key Type

VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD.

4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan

VERTEX STANDARD

US Headquarters

10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A.

YAESU UK LTD.

Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close

Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K.

VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD.

Unit 1306-1308, 13F., Millennium City 2, 378 Kwun Tong Road,

Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong

VERTEX STANDARD

(

AUSTRALIA

)

PTY., LTD.

Tally Ho Business Park, 10 Wesley Court, East Burwood, VIC, 3151

Summary of content (53 pages)

PAGE 1
VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD. 4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan VERTEX STANDARD US Headquarters 10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A. VX-450 Series YAESU UK LTD. Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K. VHF Band Service Manual VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD. Unit 1306-1308, 13F., Millennium City 2, 378 Kwun Tong Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong VERTEX STANDARD (AUSTRALIA) PTY., LTD.
PAGE 2
Specifications (USA, EXP) General Frequency range: Channel / Group: Power Supply Voltage: Current Consumption: Channel Spacing: PLL Steps: Battery Life (5-5-90 duty): 2400 mAh FNB-V113LI 1170 mAh FNB-V112LI IP Rating: Operating Temperature Range: Charging Temperature Range: Frequency Stability: RF Input-Output: Dimension (H x W x D): Weight (Approx.): 134-174 MHz 512 CH / 32 Groups (VX-459, VX-454) 32 CH / 2 Group (VX-451) 7.4 V DC ± 10 % 1.7 A (5 W TX) 12.5 / 20 / 25 kHz 12.5 / 2.5 / 5 / 6.25 kHz 18.
PAGE 3
Specifications (EU) General Frequency range: Channel / Group: Power Supply Voltage: Current Consumption: Channel Spacing: PLL Steps: Battery Life (5-5-90 duty): 2400 mAh FNB-V113LI 1170 mAh FNB-V112LI IP Rating: Operating Temperature Range: Charging Temperature Range: Frequency Stability: RF Input-Output: Dimension (H x W x D): Weight (Approx.): 134-174 MHz 512 CH / 32 Groups (VX-459, VX-454) 32 CH / 2 Group (VX-451) 7.4 V DC ± 10 % 1.7 A (5 W TX) 12.5 / 20 / 25 kHz 12.5 / 2.5 / 5 / 6.25 kHz 18.
PAGE 4
Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts (16 key & 4 key Type) CP9788001 FRONT CASE ASSY(16KEY)   RA1252100 CAP (MIC/SP) RA1250900 BUSH (2 pcs) RA1251000 KNOB (VOL) CP9788002 FRONT CASE ASSY(4KEY) RA1251100 KNOB (FREQ) WINDOW, DOUBLE FACE TAPE, SPONGE RUBBER (LCD), LIGHT GUIDE, O RING, RUBBER (TOP-SEL), RUBBER (SIDE), RUBBER (PTT), FRAME (PTT), KEY PAD (4KEY), LATCH PLATE, COIL SPRING (2 pcs), ESCUTCHEON (DOT), DOUBLE FACE TAPE (ESC), SP NET, SPEAKER, PLATE, WIRE ASSY, BIND HEAD TAPTITE-B M2X5 (2 pcs) RA
PAGE 5
Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts (Non-key Type) RA1252100 CAP (MIC/SP)  RA1250800 RING NUT (2pcs)  CP9813001 FRONT CASE ASSY RA1250900 BUSH (2pcs) LIGHT GUIDE, RUBBER (TOP-SEL), LATCH PLATE, SP NET, NAME PLATE, FRAME (PTT), COIL SPRING, ESCUTCHEON (16CH), PLATE (FREQ),RUBBER (SIDE), DOUBLE FACE TAPE (ESC), FRONT CASE (NON-KEY), SHEET (M-TEX9_4.
PAGE 6
Parts List REF. DESCRIPTION VALUE V/W TOL.
PAGE 7
Block Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 7
PAGE 8
Block Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 8
PAGE 9
Block Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 9
PAGE 10
Block Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 10
PAGE 11
Block Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 11
PAGE 12
Block Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 12
PAGE 13
Block Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 13
PAGE 14
Block Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual 14
PAGE 15
Circuit Description 1. Circuit Configuration by Frequency The receiver is a Double-conversion Super-heterodyne with a first intermediate frequency (IF) of 50.85MHz and a second IF of 450KHz. Incoming signal from the antenna is mixed with the local signal from the VCO/PLL to produce the first IF of 50.85 MHz. This is then mixed with the 50.4 MHz second local oscillator output to produce the 450kHz second IF. This is detected to give the demodulated signal.
PAGE 16
Circuit Description The process of the AF signal control is same as Noise Squelch. The shipping data is adjusted -1dBu (EMF) higher than squelch tight sensitivity. 3. Transmitter System 3-1. MIC Amplifier The AF signal from internal microphone MC2001 or external microphone J1004 in to Audio processor IC Q1013.
PAGE 17
Circuit Description (18Pin) terminal and UL becomes "H" at the time of the lock condition and becomes "L" at the time of the unlocked condition. The CPU always watches over the UL condition, and when it becomes "L" unlocked condition, the CPU prohibits transmitting and receiving.
PAGE 18
Alignment Introduction The VX-450 series is carefully aligned at the factory for the specified performance across the frequency range specified for each version. Realignment should therefore not be necessary except in the event of a component failure, or altering version type. All component replacement and service should be performed only by an authorized Vertex Standard representative, or the warranty policy may be void.
PAGE 19
Alignment Alignment Preparation & Precautions The Alignment Tool Outline A 50-Ohm RF Dummy Load and in-line wattmeter must be connected to the main antenna jack in all procedures that call for transmission, except where specified otherwise. Correct alignment is not possible with an antenna. Installation the tool  Install the CE115 (PC Programming Software) to your PC.  “Alignment“ function in the “Radio“ menu of CE115.
PAGE 20
Alignment Alignment Mode The Alignment mode allows you to align the entire radio. The value of each parameter can be changed to the desired value by use of the “” / “” and up/ down arrow keys, along with direct number input and dragging of the PC mouse. To enter the Alignment Mode, select “Alignment” in the main “Radio” menu. It will start to “Upload” the alignment data from the radio to the PC. Pressing the “OK” button will then "Download" the alignment data to the radio and exit the Alignment Mode.
PAGE 21
Alignment 1. VCO (RX VCO/TX VCO) - Normally there is no need to adjust this parameter This parameter is to align the VCO Voltage adjustment. 2. PLL REFERENCE FREQUENCY (FREQUENCY) This parameter is to align the reference frequency for PLL. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “Frequency” button to start the alignment. The Frequency Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the “PTT” button or press the “SPACE” bar, and the radio will start to transmit on the center frequency channel. 3.
PAGE 22
Alignment 3. RX SENSITIVITY (RX TUNE) This parameter is to align the RX BPF (Band Pass Filter) for Receive (RX) sensitivity. The PLL Reference Frequency (Frequency) alignment must be done before this alignment is performed.  1. Press the “RX Tune” button to start the alignment. The RX Sensitivity Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the left mouse button on the slide bar or press Up / Down arrow key, to switch to the selected channel. 3.
PAGE 23
Alignment 4. SQUELCH (SQL) This parameter is to align the SQL (Squelch) Sensitivity. There are several alignments as follows in the Squelch Sensitivity. Tight SQL Level (TI NSQ W/N) The Alignment for the Noise SQL Tight level at Wide (5k/4k) or Narrow (2.5k). Threshold SQL Level (TH NSQ W/N) The Alignment for the Noise SQL Threshold level at Wide (5k/4k) or Narrow (2.5k).  Tight SQL RSSI Level (TI RSSI W/N) The Alignment for the “level 14” of the RSSI SQL level at Wide (5k/4k) or Narrow (2.5k).
PAGE 24
Alignment 5. TX POWER This parameter is to align the “Power High”, “Power Low3”, “Power Low2” or “Power Low1” for the selected channel. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “TX Pwr(H / L3 / L2 / L1)” button to start the alignment. The TX Power Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the left mouse button on the slide bar or press the Up / Down arrow key, to select the desired channel. 3.
PAGE 25
Alignment 6. MAXIMUM DEVIATION / This parameter is to align the “Maximum Deviation” (Wide/Narrow). It requires the appropriate JIG (Tuning Interface BOX). Connect the JIG and Test Equipment to the radio before the alignment is started. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “Max Dev (W /N)” button to start the alignment. 2. The Max Deviation alignment window will appear. 3. Connect the Generator, Inject a1 kHz tone / Sine Wave / -10 dBm to the MIC jack. 4.
PAGE 26
Alignment Please adjust the following items when needed. MODULATION BALANCE / (THIS ALIGNMENT IS DIFFICULT.) This parameter is to align the “Modulation Balance” (Wide/Narrow). It needs the appropriate JIG (Tuning Interface BOX). Connect the JIG and Test Equipment to the radio before the alignment is started. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “Mod Bal (W / N)” button to start the alignment. 2. The Modulation Balance Alignment window will appear. 3.
PAGE 27
Alignment CTCSS DEVIATION / This parameter is to align CTCSS Deviation of the selected channel. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “CTC Dev (W / N)” button to start the alignment. The CTCSS Deviation Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the left mouse button on the slide bar or press the Up / Down arrow key, to select the desired channel. 3. Click the “PTT” button or press the “SPACE” bar the radio starts to transmit with CTCSS tone on the selected channel. 4.
PAGE 28
Alignment DCS DEVIATION / This parameter is to align “DCS Deviation” of the selected channel. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Press the “DCS Dev (W / N)” button to start the alignment. The DCS Deviation Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the left mouse button on the slide bar or press the Up / Down arrow key, to select the desired channel. 3. Click the “PTT” button or press the “SPACE” bar the radio starts to transmit with DCS Code on the selected channel. 4.
PAGE 29
Alignment DTMF DEVIATION This parameter is to align “DTMF Deviation”.  1. Press the “DTMF” button to start the alignment. The DTMF Alignment window will appear. 2. Click the “PTT” button or press the “SPACE” bar the radio starts to transmit on the Center frequency channel. 3. Set the value to get desired deviation (3.0 kHz) on the deviation meter by dragging the slide bar, clicking the up-down button, pressing the left or right arrow key, or entering the value in the entry box. 4.
PAGE 30
Alignment VOX ON LEVEL This parameter is to align the “VOX On Level”. Set the Sensitivity of the VOX circuitry's input audio detector. 1. Press the “VOX ON Level” button to start the alignment. The VOX ON Level window will appear. 2. Then input the alignment value in the “New” box. Default: 80 Input Range: 0 (Level Down) ~ 255 (Level Up) 3. Click the “OK” button, the data will be saved and the alignment is complete.  TX MSK LEVEL This parameter is to align the modulation level of the ANI function. 1.
PAGE 31
Alignment BATTERY This parameter is to align the “Low Battery Alert Level” and “EEPROM Protect Level” voltage. When the DC power source voltage drops below the “EEPROM Protect Level” voltage, the radio will stop writing data to the EEPROM to prevent erroneous writing. VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual  1. Set the value of the DC Power source to 6.5V (according to the indication) and click the “Start” button. The new alignment value will show in the “New” box. 2.
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MAIN Unit Circuit Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side A 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side B 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Circuit Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Circuit Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side A 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side B 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Circuit Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (Non-key Type) Side A 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (Non-key Type) Side B 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Circuit Diagram (Non-key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (Non-key Type) Side A 5 4 - Lot.
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MAIN Unit Parts Layout (Non-key Type) Side B 5 4 - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Circuit Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side B 4 - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Circuit Diagram (16 key & 4 key Type) VX-450 Series VHF Band Service Manual - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side A 4 3 - Lot.
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DISPLAY Unit Parts Layout (16 key & 4 key Type) Side B 4 - Lot.