Owners Guide V12 Financial Calculator
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Preface Congratulations on your purchase of the V12 financial calculator from Victor Technology. Victor has been serving customers since 1918. Today, Victor offers a complete line of printing, handheld, desktop, scientific, and financial calculators. For more information please see our website at www.victortech.com or call us at 1-800-628-2420. Victor: The Choice of Professionals Copyright © 2007 by Victor Technology LLC All rights reserved.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Table of Contents Chapter 1: Where to Start .................................. 6 Powering On and Off ............................................. 6 Controlling screen contrast .................................... 6 Keyboard Dynamics............................................... 6 Entering Digits ....................................................... 6 Decimal Placement ................................................ 6 Entering Large Amounts ............................
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Determining Payment Amount: Solving for PMT 17 Determining Future Value: Solving for FV ......... 18 Determining Number of Periods: Solving for n.. 19 Loan With Balloon Payment................................. 19 Amortization Function .......................................... 20 Chapter 3: Other Financial Calculations......... 22 NPV (Net Present Value) ..................................... 22 Grouped Cash Flows ...........................................
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Power Features in RPN method .......................... 49 Chapter 5: The Basics of Programming ........... 50 Creating Your Own Program................................ 50 Executing Your Own Program ............................. 53 Program Memory Basics...................................... 54 Determining Program Line Instructions................ 54 Program line 000 and the GTO 000 instruction:... 56 Performing a Program One Line at a Time ..........
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 1: Where to Start Powering On and Off Turn the unit on by touching the ON button. To turn the unit off, touch the ON button again. The calculator will automatically power off after 7 minutes if not used. When the calculator is experiencing a low battery charge, a battery icon will appear in the top left corner of the display screen. Controlling screen contrast To change the contrast of the display screen for optimal viewing, hold down the .
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Entering Large Amounts The V12 displays numbers up to 10 digits. Scientific notation allows numbers longer than 10 digits to be entered. To perform this function, enter the number with the decimal point moved to the left. Keep track of how many positions the decimal point moved. Next touch the EEX button and enter the number of positions the decimal point was moved. Touch the ENTER key to complete the entry.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Using the Clear Function Clearing replaces the displayed value with zero and replaces the previous instruction with the r GTO 000 instruction when programming. There are many ways of clearing data, outlined here: BUTTONS .b CLEAR REG .b CLEAR FIN .b CLEAR ∑ .
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y RPN method To select the RPN method, touch b RPN , and the RPN icon appears. With RPN method enabled, you can perform basic calculations with two numbers and with multiplication, addition, division, or subtraction. It is necessary to enter both numbers in the equation, and then select the mathematical operation to be used.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y To delete stored values, enter zero, touch STO , and select the register to be deleted, R0 through R9, and R .. 0 through R .. 9.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 2: The First Steps to Financial Functions Using the Financial Storage Registers Five specialty registers are used for financial calculations only. These are n , i , PV , PMT , and FV and are located along the top row of buttons. Saving data to these storage registers makes it possible to calculate financial problems such as loan payments.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example Calculate the simple interest on a 100,000 amount with 12% annual interest for 180 days using the 360 day cycle and the 365 day cycle. ENTRIES DISPLAY -100,000.00 100000 CHS PV Displays the amount. 180.00 Displays the number of days for which interest will 180 n. be calculated 12.00 Displays the annual interest rate 12 i. .b INT R↓ x↔y 6,000.00 Displays the simple interest on a 360 day basis 5,917.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y b INT .+ x↔y = ENTRIES (RPN) 900 CHS 90 n. 4.3 i. b INT +. PV 9.68 Displays the simple interest on a 360 day basis 909.68 Displays the simple interest plus principal due on a 360 day basis DISPLAY -900.00 Displays the amount. 90.00 Displays the number of days for which interest will be calculated 4.30 Displays the annual interest rate 9.68 Displays the simple interest on a 360 day basis 909.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Basic Financial Calculations Before describing Basic Financial Calculations, it is important to review and understand five basic terms and keys used with the V12. TERM / KEY n. i. PV PMT FV DEFINITION The number of periods in the financial loan, often expressed in days, months, or years. The interest rate must be defined per period. The interest rate per period.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y To select payment type: Touch r END if the payment will be made at the end of the period. Touch r BEG if the payment will be made at the beginning of the period. Most transactions utilize an End of the period payment. Note: This manual will only show examples using End of the period payments. If the BEGIN icon is not showing on the display, the payment function is set to END. The special relationship between i. and n.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y .i. -----------The V12 is calculating the value. 0.50 Displays the monthly interest rate. Example 8 % annual interest, which is compounded quarterly for 3 years: n is number of quarters (3 * 4=12) i is interest rate per quarter (8% ÷ 4 = 0.02%) If interest rate was compounded monthly, n would be 8% ÷ 12 =0.006 Since many financial calculations utilize an annual interest rate compounded monthly, the V12 has two functions to simplify the entry of interest rate and periods.
V I C T O R ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Note: If the amount owed at the end of the loan period will be zero, this step can be skipped. Touch the PV key to calculate the present value. Example ENTRIES .b FIN 360 n. 6 r i. 2398.202 CHS PMT PV DISPLAY 0.00 Clears the financial registers. 360.00 Displays 360 months for a 30 year loan. 0.50 Displays the interest rate of 6% per year or 0.5% per month. -2,398.20 Displays the monthly payment -----------The V12 is calculating the value. 400,000.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y 6 r i. 400000 PV PMT 0.50 Displays the interest rate of 6% per year or 0.5% per month. 400.000.00 Displays the loan amount or present value. -2,398.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Determining Number of Periods: Solving for n. To determine the number of compounding periods and the number of payments: ¾ Touch b CLEAR FIN to reset financial registers ¾ Use i or r 12÷ to enter periodic interest rate. ¾ Enter values for PV(present value), PMT (amount of payment), FV (future value) ¾ Select payment function by touching r BEG or r. END ¾ Touch n to calculate number of periods or payments Example ENTRIES (RPN) b 6 r FIN i. 400000 PV 2398.202 CHS PMT n.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example ENTRIES (RPN) b FIN 360 n. 6 r i. 400000 PV -70000 FV PMT DISPLAY 0.00 Clears the financial registers. 360.00 Displays 360 months for a 30 year loan. 0.50 Displays the interest rate of 6% per year or 0.5% per month. 400.000.00 Displays the loan amount or present value. -70,000.00 Displays the future value required to pay off the loan (the balloon payment) -2,328.52 Displays the monthly payment required to reach a $70.000 balloon payment.
V I C T O R • • • • • • T E C H N O L O G Y Enter the number of payments that will be amortized using n.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y RCL PV RCL n 12 b AMORT x↔y 372,217.58 Displays the remaining principle after 60 months of payments 60.00 Displays the number of payments amortized (60 months) -22,152.81 Displays the amount of interest paid in the next 12 months of payments (after the initial 60 months already amortized) -6,625.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y stored in R1. If used again in the same cash flow problem, the contents of the x-register are stored in first R2, then R3, R4, and so on. Example You want to buy a yacht for $23,000 and rent it to a skipper for a share of tour revenue.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y when some of the cash flows are repetitive and consecutive. In these situations, the Nj key is invoked by entering the number of repeat cash flows followed by .r Nj . For example, if a cash flow of $1000 occurs 5 times in a row, the entries would be 5000 CHS r CFj 5 r Nj . Example: A landlord buys and rents a building to a tenant for 8 years.
V I C T O R b T E C H N O L O G Y NPV 60,301.37 Displays the net present value of $60,301.37. Since the number is positive, this is an investment that exceeds the desired rate of return. Replacing Current Cash Flow Value Data Individual cash flow values stored in the V12 can be replaced.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example Starting from the previous example, the landlord now believes the tenant will rent for 6 years instead of 4 at $110,000 per year (an additional 2 years). ENTRIES (RPN) RCL n. 3 n. 6 r Nj 4 n. b NPV DISPLAY 4.00 Displays the number of unique cash flows entered. (This number will be required later) 3.00 Displays the storage of 3 in the n register (because it is the 3rd cash flow CF3 for which we will change the frequency) 6.00 Displays the new value of N3. 4.
V I C T O R ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Touch b SOYD for sum of years number option No matter which depreciation method is used the remaining depreciated value may be displayed by touching x ↔ y . Example Your company purchases a car for $3,500, which depreciates over 6 years. The salvage value is expected to be $900. Find the amount of depreciation and remaining depreciable value 1 year and after 4 years of car ownership using the declining-balance method at double the straight-line rate (200%).
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Determining Bond Values To calculate bond price and the interest accrued since its last interest date, as well as its yield to maturity, use b PRICE and .b YTM functions. Use these methods to calculate bond price and yield for 30/360 day bonds (municipal bonds, corporate bonds, and bonds with annual coupon payments. To Calculate Standard Bond Price (.b PRICE ) ¾ Enter coupon rate; touch PMT ¾ Enter desired yield to maturity; touch i.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y 9.172009 ENTER 11.022017 b PRICE .+. 9.17 Enters purchase date 89.14 Enters maturity date and calculates bond price (as a % of Par) 90.98 Calculates total bond price including accrued interest To Calculate Bond Yield to Maturity (.b YTM ) ¾ Enter quoted Bond price (as a % of Par); touch PV ¾ Enter coupon rate; touch PMT ¾ Enter purchase date; touch ENTER ¾ Enter redemption date; touch .
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y To Calculate Price and Yield for Bonds with Annual Coupons, please reference V12 programming guide at www.VictorV12.com. Percentages There are three buttons used for solving problems involving percents: Delta Percentage Δ% ,Percentage % and Percent of Total %T. Delta percentage calculates the percent difference between numbers using the first number as a base. To find the delta percentage ∆% of two values in both RPN and ALG method: ¾ Enter the base value ¾ Touch =.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example In ALG method, calculate 35% of $1,200: ENTRIES (ALG) CLX 1200 X 35 %. =. DISPLAY 00.00 Clears the display and x register 1200 Displays the base number 0.35 Displays the percent multiple 420.00 Displays the result To find the percentage % of a value in RPN method: ¾ Enter the base value ¾ Touch ENTER ¾ Enter the percentage ¾ Touch %. Example In RPN method, calculate 35% of $1,200: ENTRIES (RPN) CLX 1200 ENTER 35 %. DISPLAY 00.
V I C T O R ¾ ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Enter the second number Touch %T Example Calculate the Percent of Total for 200 and 50: ENTRIES 200 ENTER/= 50 %T DISPLAY 200.00 Stores the base value 25.00 Displays the result: 50 is 25% less than 200 Calendar Operations The V12 stores dates using two methods. The first is called Month-Day-Year and is set by touching r. M.DY.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example Invoke the Day-Month-Year mode and enter the date January 5, 2001. ENTRIES 05.012001 r D.MY DISPLAY 5.01 Stores the date To calculate a date in the future or past: ¾ Enter the start date and touch r D.MY ¾ Enter number of days to be added or subtracted from the start date ¾ If subtracting days, don’t forget to use CHS ¾ Touch r DATE Example You have a time-share vacation starting on July 20, 2008, for 90 days.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y actual amount of days between dates or by the 30-day month date function. You can calculate the amount of days each way. ENTRIES r M.DY 01.152008 ENTER 12.252011 r ∆DYS x↔y DISPLAY Puts the calculator in Month-Day-Year mode 1.15 Stores the date January 15, 2008 1,440.00 Stores the date December 25, 2011 and displays the days between dates. 1,420.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 4: Other Operational Features Another function of the V12 calculator is continuous memory of storage registers (financial. LSTx, block, and data), and information on the current status of the current function (display format, payment mode, and date format). Continuous memory is in effect even while the unit is off, and for a short amount of time while the batteries are out, to allow for battery replacement without losing data.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y b. 2 5.77 Displays the figure with two digits to the right of the decimal point The decimal place setting is kept until continuous memory is reset. Turning the unit off and on does not change the decimal place setting. Scientific Notation Display Settings With Scientific notation, the first non-zero digit of a value is moved the immediate left of the decimal point and all other digits are moved to the right. The resulting figure is called the mantissa.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Full Figure Display To view all ten digits of a figure without decimal points touch b. and hold down prefix as long as you wish to view the numbers. PREFIX Example Convert 567.89 to scientific notation and then view the full figure with no decimal points. ENTRIES DISPLAY 567.89 567.89 ENTER Displays the initial value 5.678900 02 b ..
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y If an entered value is less than 10-99, the value of 0 is used in proceeding equations. Running Display Some programs and functions need an extended amount of time to complete. During these times --------- will appear in the display. LST X To recall a value entered before an operation was executed, the LST X button is appropriate (RPN method only). Example You can purchase phone cards that are valid for 250 minutes, 500 minutes, or 1,000 minutes for 3 cents per minute.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y x↔y x ↔ y is the exchange key (RPN method only). It switches the values in the x-register to the y-register and the value in the y-register to the x-register. Example You wish to calculate 2,520 ÷ 30 but you mistakenly enter 30 first and 2520 second which would give you the wrong answer. To correct this mistake, use the x ↔ y button. ENTRIES (RPN) 30 ENTER 2520 x↔y ÷. DISPLAY 30.00 Displays 30 as the first entry. The value is stored in the x register. 2,520.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Sum of the square of the x values: ∑x2 Sum of the y values: ∑y Sum of the square of the y values: ∑y2 Sum of the multiplication of x and y: ∑xy R3 R4 R5 R6 Clearing the statistical registers before entering new data is necessary. Do this by touching b. ∑+ (also resets block registers and the display screen). One-variable statistical calculations contain only x-values (data points). To enter only x-values, enter the value, and then touch ∑+.
V I C T O R ¾ ¾ ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Touch r ∑ Enter new (correct) x and/or y values Touch r ∑+ Standard Deviation Entries The button sequence r s will calculate the standard deviation (a measure of the dispersion around the mean of the X and Y values) for both X and Y values. Mean Values The r x button sequence calculates the mean of the X and Y values. The product of the average (mean) of the X value is shown on the display screen after touching r. x.. To show the average of the Y value, touch x↔y.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y ENTRIES 48 ENTER 85 ∑+ 51 ENTER 76 ∑+ … etc. r s. x↔y r x. x↔y DISPLAY 48.00 Displays the first y value. 1.00 Displays which entry has just been entered … the first data pair. 51.00 Displays the second y value. 2.00 Displays which entry has just been entered … the second data pair. … etc. until all 10 data pairs have been entered. 10.77 Displays the standard deviation for the x values (Weight). 4.70 Displays the standard deviation for the y values (Height). 61.
V I C T O R ¾ ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Enter the new y value Touch r x, r The correlation coefficient, r, can be calculated by touching the x↔y key after calculating the estimate. Example Using the children’s height (y) and weight (x) values from above, estimate the height (y) of a child weighing 64 pounds (x) and determine the correlation coefficient. Note: Do not clear the registers after the prior example. ENTRIES 64 r y, r x↔y DISPLAY 43.
V I C T O R • • • T E C H N O L O G Y Third month: 50 bricks at $0.52 a brick Fourth month: 100 bricks at $0.61 a brick Fifth month: 250 bricks at $0.49 a brick Find the weighted mean cost of the bricks. ENTRIES b ∑- .68 ENTER 150 ∑+ .43 ENTER 100 ∑+ .52 ENTER 50 ∑+ .61 ENTER 100 ∑+ .49 ENTER 250 ∑+ r xw DISPLAY 48.00 Displays the first x value. 1.00 Displays which entry has just been entered … the first data pair. 2.00 Displays which entry has just been entered … the second data pair. 3.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Touching r FRAC displays the fractional part of the value (all digits to the left of the decimal point are replaced by a 0.) The use of r FRAC also changes the number inside the x register. In RPN method, the original number can be viewed again in the display screen by touching r LSTx . Example ENTRIES 99.12 ENTER r FRAC r LSTx DISPLAY 99.12 Displays the value. 0.12 Displays the fractional portion of the value. 99.12 Displays the original value.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y To round a number in the display screen to a specified number of decimal places, set the display format to show the exact number of decimal places desired. Each time a calculator function is performed, the value displayed will be rounded automatically. However, the value before rounding is actually stored in the register. To permanently round a value, touch b. RND. To see the full value of a number (without rounding) touch .b . PREFIX. Example ENTRIES 99.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y ENTRIES 3 r e DISPLAY 20.09 Displays the exponential value of 3. x Logarithm Values When r LN is touched, the natural logarithm (logarithm to the base of e) is calculated. Subsequently touching 10 r LN ÷. in RPN and ÷ 10 r LN = in ALG method calculates the common logarithm (logarithm to the base of 10 of the number on the display screen). Example ENTRIES 9 r LN 10 r LN ÷ 10 r LN ÷. = DISPLAY 2.20 Displays the natural logarithmic value of 9. 0.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Example ENTRIES 2 9 x DISPLAY 81.00 Displays the square of 9. Reciprocal Values When 1/x is touched, the number on the display screen is divided into 1 (giving the reciprocal value). Example ENTRIES 5 1/x DISPLAY 0.20 Displays the reciprocal of 5.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Power Features in ALG method yx , the power of a value, may be calculated in ALG method as follows: ¾ Enter the y value ¾ Touch yx ¾ Enter the x value (exponent value) ¾ Touch = to calculate number, the power of the value Example ENTRIES (ALG) 2 yx 3 DISPLAY 8.00 Displays 23 (2 X 2 X 2 = 8).
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 5: The Basics of Programming Programs are a sequence of button entries that are stored into the calculator. Calculations involving the same sequence of button entries are common, and saving them in a program can save time. Creating Your Own Program To create a program, just write it and store it. ¾ Write out the sequence of operations you will use to calculate the value or values you wish to find. ¾ Select the function option by touching either b ALG or .
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y -. 105.00 Displays the 30% off price plus $10. 10 10 Displays the shipping and handling fee +. 115.00 Displays the 30% off price plus $10. In ALG method: ENTRIES (ALG) 150 DISPLAY 150 Displays the regular price of $150 item 150.00 Prepares for number for further activity -. 30 %. 45.00 Computes the 30% discount. +. 105.00 Displays amount after discount. 10 10 Displays the shipping and handling charge of $10 =. 115.00 Displays the 30% off price plus $10.
V I C T O R b T E C H N O L O G Y PRGM 000 Clears the program memory To create a program, use the same buttons you used to solve for net cost manually. What is shown on the display screen in the next step will be further explained later. In RPN method: ENTRIES (RPN) DISPLAY ENTER 001, 36 3 002, 3 0 003, 0 % 004, 25 -- 005, 30 1 006, 1 0 007, 0 +- 008, 40 In ALG method: ENTRIES (ALG) DISPLAY -. 001, 30 3 002, 3 0 003, 0 % 004, 25 +.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y 1 006, 5 0 007, 0 =. 007, 36 Executing Your Own Program Touch b P/R to put calculator back in run function. Enter all required input into the calculator the same as if you were calculating manually. (When a program is executed, the data already entered onto the display and into the registers inside the unit are used.) Touch R/S to begin executing the program. Use your program to now calculate the net cost of an $800 item and a $365 item.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Program Memory Basics Program Memory stores a sequence of entries in calculator memory for re-use at a later time. A program line is specific number, function key, or decimal point. For example the ENTER button is a program line. Program lines that start with b , r , RCL, STO, or GTO buttons have two entries because the entry is incomplete without describing what comes after the first button.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Key Column 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 rd rd 3 Row, 3 Key = 33 The illustration shows the button for the instruction in program line 001 is in the third row of the keyboard and is the third button within that row, the R↓ button. When the instruction ÷ is entered into the program memory it will be displayed as 002 10. This shows the button for the instruction in program line 2 within the program memory is in the first row and is the tenth key.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y xxx, 42 15 Displays the program line number, the position of the first key touched (42) and the position of the second key touched (15) b IRR Program line 000 and the GTO 000 instruction: The GTO 000 instruction tells the calculator to go to and execute program line 000. Line 000 contains no regular instruction, but holds a default instruction that tells the calculator to stop execution of the program.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y To ensure your program runs correctly, use the SST button while in RUN mode to move to the next line in the program and display its key code and line number. In RUN mode, releasing the SST button executes the program line instruction that was just displayed, and then displays the result of the execution of that line. Example Re-enter the program described earlier in this chapter: Your online business is having a 30% off sale.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) SST (Hold) 001, 36 Displays the first program line 200.00 Executes the first program line 002, 3 Displays the second program line 3. Executes the second program line 003, 0 Displays the third program line 30. Executes the third program line 004, 25 Displays the fourth program line 60.00 Executes the fourth program line 005, 30 Displays the fifth program line 140.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Setting the Calculator to a Specific Program Line Storing a second program or adjusting an existing program sometimes requires you to go to a specific line of programming. There are three alternative approaches: 1. Use the SST button to cycle through the program lines. 2. In PRGM mode press r. GTO . xxx with xxx being the desired program line. The display will next show the program line specified. 3. In run mode press r. GTO xxx with xxx being the desired program line.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y .- 002, 48 Decimal point 9 003, 9 .9 = 90% or 10% off Xr PSE RCL 0 .8 X- 004, 20 Multiply by 90% 005, 43 31 Pause 006, 45 0 Recall the original entry 007, 48 Decimal point 008, 8 .8 = 80% or 20% off 009, 20 Multiply by 80% To run the program, exit the program mode, press b price, and press R/S. ENTRIES (RPN) b P/R P/R., enter the regular DISPLAY Puts the calculator in Run method 200 200 Displays the regular price of $200 R/S 180.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Stopping a Program During Execution Touching R/S during program execution automatically stops execution. To resume running the program from where it was stopped, touch R/S again. A stop can be inserted into a program just like any other function or key. Example Create a program that calculates the sale price of an item at both 10% off and 20% off. Display the results with a stop in between each figure.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y 8 X- 008, 8 .8 = 80% or 20% off 009, 20 Multiply by 80% To run the program, exit the program mode, press b price, and press R/S. ENTRIES (RPN) b P/R P/R., enter the regular DISPLAY Puts the calculator in Run method 200 200 Displays the regular price of $200 R/S 180.00 Displays the 10% off price R/S 160.00 After a stop, displays the 20% off price.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 6: Branch & Loop Programs Program instructions typically execute sequentially through program line numbers, but it is possible to transfer or ‘branch’ to a program line that is not the next line of program memory. Using the GTO instruction in a program will transfer an execution to any program line by using the designated three digit code of that line within the GTO command. After a branch, execution will resume sequentially as normal.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y ¾ Continue program execution sequentially to the next line of program memory (if the tested condition was true when executed.) ¾ Skip instruction in the next line of programming and continue with the following line (if the tested condition was false.) Or Example Create a program that determines the amount owed on a credit card after making $100 payments each month. The interest rate is 12% per year or 1% per month.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y STO 0 r PSE r PSE r PSE r PSE 0 ENTER RCL 0 r x
V I C T O R 300 R/S T E C H N O L O G Y 300.00 Displays the initial debt of $300 203.00 Executes the program and displays the amount owed after 1 month of interest at 1% and a $100 payment. 105.03 After a pause, displays the amount owed after the 2nd month 6.08 After a pause, displays the amount owed after the next month -93.86 After a pause, displays the amount owed after the next month. In this case, a $100 payment would create a balance less than zero and the program stops.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 7: Editing Your Programs To change a single instruction in program memory, the following steps are followed: ¾ Touch b P/R to enter PROGRAM mode ¾ Touch SST , BST or GTO . buttons to find the program line directly before the specific program line that contains the instruction you wish to change. ¾ Enter the new instruction. Example Re-enter the program described in chapter 5: Your online business is having a 30% off sale.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y +- 008, 40 Program is now stored b P/R b P/R r GTO . 001 5 b P/R 0.00 Sets calculator to run mode 0.00 Sets calculator to program mode 001, 36 Displays the first program line 002, 5 Displays the new information for program line 002: 3 has been replaced by 5 to enable the program to calculate a 50% discount instead of 30%. 0.00 Sets calculator to run mode If the program is run with a starting value of 100, the result should now be 60 (50% off of 100 plus 10).
V I C T O R ¾ ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y line is reserved for the GTO 000 instruction. Therefore if the program ends on the 008 line, start the branch at line 010. Note: The replaced program line in the original program must be replicated at the end of the new branch. Note: The last program line in your new branch must loop back to the original program directly after the point where you wanted to insert the additional instructions.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Program is now stored b P/R b P/R .r .r .r GTO . 004 GTO 010 GTO . 009 .-- .r 0.00 Sets calculator to run mode 0.00 Sets calculator to program mode 004, 25 Go to and display the fourth program line. As a result, the next key strokes will be recorded on line 005. 005,43,33,010 Replaces and displays the contents of line 005 instructing the program to go to line 010 009,43,33,000 Go to and display the ninth program line.
V I C T O R ¾ ¾ ¾ T E C H N O L O G Y Touch b P/R to enter PROGRAM mode. Touch r GTO . and the three-digit line number of the last line in the program. Enter new instructions.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Chapter 8: Error Messages Certain operational procedures prohibit the V12 from completing calculations causing an error message to appear on the display screen, along with a number 0-9 that corresponds with the particular error condition. These errors are summarized below: ERROR 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CAUSE The operation included a zero value that prevented calculation. Example: 1 ÷ 0 The result is greater than the maximum possible number of 9.
V I C T O R T E C H N O L O G Y Victor Technology V12 Calculator Limited Warranty Thank you for purchasing a product from Victor Technology. This product has been electronically tested. If you have problems using this product, please carefully refer to the instruction manual. This product, except the battery, is warranted by Victor to the original purchaser to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use for a period of two years from the date of purchase.
