Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator vCenter Orchestrator 4.2 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 2011 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws.
Contents Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 7 Updated Information 9 1 Introduction to VMware vCenter Orchestrator 11 Key Features of the Orchestrator Platform 11 Orchestrator User Types and Related Responsibilities 12 Orchestrator Architecture 13 2 Orchestrator System Requirements 15 Hardware Requirements for Orchestrator 15 Operating Systems Supported by Orchestrator Supported Directory Services 15 Browsers Supported by Orchestrator 16 Orchestrator Database Requirements 16 Level o
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 37 Start the Orchestrator Configuration Service 37 Log In to the Orchestrator Configuration Interface 38 Change the Default Password 39 Configure the Orchestrator Configuration Interface for Remote Connection Configure the Network Connection 40 Orchestrator Network Ports 40 Import the vCenter Server SSL Certificate 42 Configuring LDAP Settings 42 Generate the LDAP Connection URL 43 Import the LDAP Ser
Contents Changing SSL Certificates 67 Install a Certificate from a Certificate Authority 67 Change the Web Views SSL Certificate 68 Change the SSL Certificate for the Orchestrator Client Define the Server Log Level 69 69 7 Where to Go From Here 71 Index 73 VMware, Inc.
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Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator provides information and instructions about installing, ® upgrading and configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator. Intended Audience This information is intended for advanced vSphere administrators and experienced system administrators who are familiar with virtual machine technology and datacenter operations. VMware, Inc.
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Updated Information Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator is updated with each release of the product or when necessary. This table provides the update history of Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator. Revision Description EN-000469-01 Updated topics “Operating Systems Supported by Orchestrator,” on page 15 and “Orchestrator Database Requirements,” on page 16 with the correct references to the compatibility guides. EN-000469-00 Initial release. VMware, Inc.
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Introduction to VMware vCenter Orchestrator 1 VMware vCenter Orchestrator is a development- and process-automation platform that provides a library of extensible workflows to allow you to create and run automated, configurable processes to manage the VMware vSphere infrastructure as well as other VMware and third-party technologies. Orchestrator exposes every operation in the vCenter Server API, allowing you to integrate all of these operations into your automated processes.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Scripting engine Workflow engine The Mozilla Rhino JavaScript engine provides a way to create new building blocks for Orchestrator Platform. The scripting engine is enhanced with basic version control, variable type checking, name space management and exception handling. It can be used in the following building blocks: n Actions n Workflows n Policies The workflow engine allows you to capture business processes.
Chapter 1 Introduction to VMware vCenter Orchestrator Developers n Importing and exporting packages n Enabling and disabling Web views n Running workflows and scheduling tasks n Managing version control of imported elements n Creating new workflows and plug-ins This user type has full access to all of the Orchestrator platform capabilities.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Figure 1-1. VMware vCenter Orchestrator Architecture vCenter Orchestrator Client application browser access workflow engine vCenter Server directory services 14 vCenter Server XML SSH web service workflow library JDBC SMTP 3rd-party plug-in Orchestrator database VMware, Inc.
Orchestrator System Requirements 2 Your system must meet the technical requirements that are necessary to install and configure Orchestrator. For a list of the supported versions of vCenter Server, see VMware Product Interoperability Matrix.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator n Sun Java System Directory Server 6.3 Browsers Supported by Orchestrator The Orchestrator configuration interface and Web views require a Web browser. You must have one of the following browsers to connect to the Orchestrator configuration interface and Web views. n Microsoft Internet Explorer 7.0 n Mozilla Firefox 3.0 (build 3.0.6 or later) n Mozilla Firefox 3.
Chapter 2 Orchestrator System Requirements Non-ASCII Character Support for Oracle Databases To store characters in the correct format in an Oracle database, set the NLS_CHARACTER_SET parameter to AL32UTF8 before configuring the database connection and building the table structure for Orchestrator. This setting is crucial for an internationalized environment. VMware, Inc.
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3 Orchestrator Components Setup To enhance the availability and scalability of your Orchestrator setup, install Orchestrator on a computer different from the computer on which vCenter Server runs. With such separation, you can adjust the operating system to meet the specific recommendations for each service.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Directory Services Setup Orchestrator requires a connection to an LDAP server. Orchestrator supports the following directory service types: Active Directory, eDirectory, and Sun Java System Directory Server. Connect your system to the LDAP server that is physically closest to your Orchestrator server, and avoid connections to remote LDAP servers. Long response times for LDAP queries can lead to slower performance of the whole system.
Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 4 Orchestrator consists of a server component and a client component. You can install the Orchestrator components on the machine on which vCenter Server is installed or on a separate machine. To improve performance, install the Orchestrator server component on a separate machine. IMPORTANT You can install the Orchestrator configuration server on 64-bit Windows machines only. The Orchestrator client can run on both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows machines.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Install vCenter Server and Orchestrator When you install vCenter Server 5.0, Orchestrator 4.2 is silently installed on your system as an additional component. Prerequisites n Verify that the machine on which you are installing vCenter Server 5.0 is a 64-bit operating system platform. n Verify that you have the Microsoft .NET 3.5 SP1 Framework installed. If your system does not have it installed, the vCenter Server installer installs it. The .NET 3.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator The Fully Qualified Domain Name field displays the FQDN of the system on which you are installing vCenter Server. The vCenter Server installer checks that the FQDN is resolvable. If not, a warning message is displayed when you click Next. Change the entry to a resolvable FQDN. You must enter the FQDN, not the IP address. 6 Either accept the default destination folders or click Change to select another location, and click Next.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Install Orchestrator Standalone For production environments and to enhance the scalability of your Orchestrator setup, install Orchestrator on a dedicated Windows machine. You can install the Orchestrator server only on a 64-bit operating system platform. The Orchestrator client can run on both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows machines. You can install the Orchestrator client on a 32-bit machine.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator What to do next To start configuring Orchestrator, verify that the VMware vCenter Orchestrator Configuration service is running and log in to the Orchestrator configuration interface at: http://localhost:8282. Install the Orchestrator Client on a 32-Bit Machine The Orchestrator client is a desktop application that allows you to import packages, run and schedule workflows, and manage user permissions.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Prerequisites n Verify that the vCenter Server upgrade prerequisites and database upgrade prerequisites are met. For more information about preparing for the upgrade of vCenter Server, see the vSphere Upgrade documentation. n Verify that you know the correct port numbers to use. For a list of required ports, see the vSphere Installation and Setup documentation. n Download the vCenter Server 5.0 installer from the VMware Web site.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 9 Select how to upgrade vCenter Agent and click Next. Option Description Automatic vCenter Agent is upgraded on all hosts in the vCenter Server inventory. Manual All hosts are disconnected from vCenter Server. To upgrade vCenter Agent, reconnect the host to vCenter Server. Select this option if one of the following situations: n You need to control the timing of vCenter Agent upgrades on specific hosts.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Upgrade Orchestrator 4.1.x Standalone To upgrade Orchestrator 4.1.x on a 64-bit Microsoft Windows machine that is different from the machine on which vCenter Server runs, start the latest version of the Orchestrator standalone installer. Prerequisites n Create a backup of the Orchestrator database. n Export the Orchestrator configuration to a local file. See “Export the Orchestrator Configuration,” on page 29.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 9 Click Install to complete the installation process. 10 Click Done to close the installer. 11 Start the Orchestrator configuration service and log in to the Orchestrator configuration interface. 12 On the Database tab, update the database by clicking Update database. 13 Reimport the SSL certificate for the licensed vCenter Server and start the Orchestrator server.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 5 Click Save when prompted. Orchestrator creates a vmo_config_dateReference.vmoconfig file which you can use to clone or to restore the system. Uninstall Orchestrator You can remove the Orchestrator client and server components from your system by using Add or Remove Programs. Prerequisites n Save the Orchestrator configuration settings to a local file. For more details, see “Export the Orchestrator Configuration,” on page 29.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 4 Either accept the default destination folders or click Change to select another location, and click Next. CAUTION You cannot install Orchestrator in a directory whose name contains non-ASCII characters. If you are operating in a locale that features non-ASCII characters, you must install Orchestrator in the default location. 5 6 Select the type of installation and click Next.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator You can migrate the following Orchestrator configuration data with the data migration tool: n Network configuration settings n LDAP connection data n Database connection data n SSL certificates n Licenses n vCenter Server plug-in configuration data n Mail plug-in configuration data n SSH plug-in configuration data The Orchestrator database is not migrated.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 5 Respond to the script prompts. The script checks the vCenter Server version, database type, VMware vCenter Update Manager configuration (if installed), and Orchestrator configuration to determine whether they are compatible with the data migration tool. 6 Check \logs\backup.log in the datamigration folder for errors. n If you find no errors, the data backup was successful. n If you find errors, correct the source of the error and rerun backup.bat.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator e (Optional) Deselect the Export version history check box if you do not want to export the version history of the package. f Click Save. The upgrade procedure cannot affect the Orchestrator elements that you modified or created. What to do next You can upgrade Orchestrator and restore the configuration by using the data migration tool.
Chapter 4 Installing and Upgrading Orchestrator 7 8 Select the type of database to use. Option Action Install SQL Server 2008 Express instance (for small-scale deployments) Select this option if you used the bundled SQL Express database on the source machine. Use an existing supported database Select this option to use an existing non-bundled database. Select the DSN that was used for the database on the source machine, type the user name and password for the DSN, and click Next.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 17 After the installation process is completed, click Finish. The data migration tool restores the backed up configuration data and starts the vCenter Server service. 18 Check the \logs\restore.log file in the datamigration\logs folder, and verify that no errors occurred during the restore process. n vCenter Server and the Orchestrator client and server components are installed.
Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 5 The Orchestrator Web Configuration tool is installed silently with vCenter Server. You can use this tool to configure the components that are related to the Orchestrator engine, such as network, database, server certificate, and so on. The correct configuration of these components ensures the proper functioning of the applications running on the Orchestrator platform.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 3 (Optional) Set up the service to start automatically on the next reboot. a Right-click VMware vCenter Orchestrator Configuration and select Properties. b In the VMware vCenter Orchestrator Configuration Properties (Local Computer) window, from the Startup type drop-down menu select Automatic. The Orchestrator Configuration service is now running and Orchestrator configuration interface is available for use.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Change the Default Password You must change the default password to avoid potential security issues. Prerequisites Ensure that the VMware vCenter Orchestrator Configuration service is running. CAUTION To avoid potential exploitation of the administrative credentials, change the nonsecure password when you first access the configuration interface.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Configure the Network Connection When you install Orchestrator, the IP address that the Orchestrator client interface uses to communicate to the server is not set automatically. To change this, you must configure the network settings used by Orchestrator. Prerequisites Make sure that the network provides a fixed IP, which is obtained by using a properly configured DHCP server (using reservations) or by setting a static IP.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Table 5-1. VMware vCenter Orchestrator Default Configuration Ports (Continued) Port Number Protocol Source Target Description Messaging port 8250 TCP Orchestrator client Orchestrator server The Java messaging port used for dispatching events. It is part of the JBoss application server infrastructure.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Table 5-3. Internal JBoss Server Ports Port Number Description 3455 RMI server registry invoker 3873 EJB3 and AOP remoting connector 4445 JBoss pooled invoker 4446 Remoting server service connector 8083 Dynamic class and resource loader Import the vCenter Server SSL Certificate The Orchestrator configuration interface uses a secure connection to communicate with vCenter Server. You can import the required SSL certificate from a URL or file.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 1 Generate the LDAP Connection URL on page 43 The LDAP service provider uses a URL to configure the connection to the directory server. To generate the LDAP connection URL, you must specify the LDAP host, port, and root. 2 Import the LDAP Server SSL Certificate on page 44 If your LDAP server uses SSL, you can import the SSL certificate file to the Orchestrator configuration interface and activate secure connection between Orchestrator and LDAP.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 7 In the Root text box, type the root element of your LDAP service. If your domain name is company.org, your root LDAP is dc=company,dc=org. This is the node used for browsing your service directory after typing the appropriate credentials. For large service directories, specifying a node in the tree narrows the search and improves performance. For example, rather than searching in the entire directory, you can specify ou=employees,dc=company,dc=org.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Procedure 1 Log in to the Orchestrator configuration interface as vmware. 2 Click Network. 3 In the right pane, click the SSL Certificate tab. 4 Browse to select a certificate file to import. 5 Click Import. A message confirming that the import is successful appears. 6 Click Startup Options. 7 Click Restart the vCO configuration server to restart the Orchestrator Configuration service after adding a new SSL certificate.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Define the LDAP User and Group Lookup Paths You can define the users and groups lookup information. Two global roles are identified in Orchestrator: Developers and Administrators. The users in the Developers role have editing privileges on all elements. The users in the Administrators role have unrestricted privileges. Administrators can manage permissions, or discharge administration duties on a selected set of elements to any other group or user.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 7 Click the Test Login tab and type credentials for a user to test whether they can access the Orchestrator smart client. After a successful login, the system checks if the user is part of the Orchestrator Administrator group. What to do next Define the LDAP search options and apply your changes. Define the LDAP Search Options You can customize the LDAP search queries and make searching in LDAP more effective.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Table 5-4. Common Active Directory Authentication Errors (Continued) Error Description 530 The user is not allowed to log in at this time. 531 The user is not allowed to log in to this workstation. 532 The password has expired. 533 This user account has been disabled. 701 This user account has expired. 773 The user must reset their password. 775 The user account has been locked.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Configure the Database Connection To establish a connection to the Orchestrator database, you must configure the database connection parameters. Prerequisites n Set up a new database to use with the Orchestrator server. See “Orchestrator Database Setup,” on page 20. n For a list of database connection parameters, see “Database Connection Parameters,” on page 50.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Example: Configure Orchestrator to Work with SQL Server Express by Using Windows Authentication Mode If you want to use Orchestrator in small scale deployments for testing purposes, you might want to use SQL Server Express 2008 which you can install together with vCenter Server.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Table 5-5. Database Connection Parameters (Continued) Connection Parameter Description Domain (SQL Server only) To use Windows authentication, specify the domain name of the SQL Server machine, for example company.org. To use SQL authentication, leave this text box blank. Use Windows authentication mode (NTLMv2) Select to send NTLMv2 responses when using Windows authentication. This option is valid only for SQL Server.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 5 From the drop-down menu, select a country. 6 Click Create. Orchestrator generates a server certificate that is unique to your environment. The details about the certificate's public key appear in the Server Certificate window. The certificate's private key is stored in the vmo_keystore table of the Orchestrator database. What to do next For disaster recovery purposes, you can save the certificate private key to a local file.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 5 Type the password used to decrypt the content of the imported keystore database. The details about the imported server certificate appear in the Server Certificate panel. Export a Server Certificate The server certificate private key is stored in the vmo_keystore table of the Orchestrator database.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator You can export the Orchestrator configuration by using the Orchestrator configuration interface. For more information, see “Export the Orchestrator Configuration,” on page 29. 4 (Optional) Back up your database if you want to retain the old data. The database that you bind Orchestrator to must not contain records in the vmo_keystore table. 5 Create a new self-signed certificate or import a server certificate signed by a certification authority.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 3 Type the credentials for a user who is a member of the Orchestrator Administration group that you specified on the LDAP tab. When the Orchestrator server starts, the system uses these credentials to set up the plug-ins. The system checks the enabled plug-ins and performs any necessary internal installations such as package import, policy run, script launch, and so on. 4 (Optional) To disable a plug-in, deselect the check box next to it.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 4 In the Host name text box, enter the host to access with SSH through Orchestrator. NOTE The username and password are not required because Orchestrator uses the credentials of the currently logged-in user to run SSH commands. You must reproduce the accounts you want to work on SSH on target hosts from the LDAP server. 5 Click Apply changes. The host is added to the list of SSH connections. 6 (Optional) Configure an entry path on the server.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server 10 11 Specify the method you use to manage user access on the vCenter Server host. Option Action Share a unique session Select this option to allow Orchestrator to create only one connection to vCenter Server. Type the credentials of a user who is a vCenter Server administrator. Session per user Select this option if your vCenter Server is in an Active Directory domain.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 6 On the Startup Options tab, click Restart service to complete the plug-in installation. You successfully installed the plug-in. Every time you install a .vmoapp plug-in, a validation is made on the server configuration. In most cases, you must perform additional configuration steps on a tab that the new application adds to the Orchestrator configuration interface.
Chapter 5 Initial Configuration of the Orchestrator Server Access Rights to Orchestrator Server The type of vCenter Server license you apply in the Orchestrator configuration interface determines whether you get read-only or full access to the Orchestrator server capabilities. Table 5-6. Orchestrator Server Modes vCenter Server License Edition vCenter Orchestrator Mode Description Standard Server You are granted full read and write privileges to all Orchestrator elements.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator A message states that the service is started successfully. The Orchestrator server status appears at the bottom of each configuration tab, and is one of the following: n Running n Not available n Stopped To see the Orchestrator server status, update the page by clicking the Refresh link. What to do next You can save and export the Orchestrator configuration file so that it can be imported later if needed.
Further Configuration Options 6 You can use the Orchestrator configuration interface to change the default Orchestrator behavior.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 4 Add the following line to the password.properties file. vmware=92963abd36c896b93a36b8e296ff3387 5 Save the password.properties file. 6 Restart the vCenter Orchestrator Configuration service. You can log in to the Orchestrator configuration interface with the default credentials.
Chapter 6 Further Configuration Options 5 Repeat the procedure for every Orchestrator client instance. You can connect to the Orchestrator server by using the Orchestrator client without adding the lookup port number to the Orchestrator server DNS name or IP address. Uninstall a Plug-In You can disable an Orchestrator plug-in from the Plug-ins tab, but this does not remove the plug-in file from the file system.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 2 Navigate to the wrapper.conf configuration file and open the file in a text editor. The wrapper configuration file is in the following location: install_directory/app-server/bin/wrapper.conf 3 Locate the -wrapper.ping.timeout parameter in the wrapper.conf file, or add it to the file if it does not exist. 4 Set the number of seconds to allow between a ping from the watchdog utility and the response from the service.
Chapter 6 Further Configuration Options 3 (Optional) Type a password to protect the configuration file. Use the same password when you import the configuration. 4 Click Export. 5 Click Save when prompted. Orchestrator creates a vmo_config_dateReference.vmoconfig file which you can use to clone or to restore the system. Orchestrator Configuration Files When you export the system configuration, a vmo_config_dateReference.vmoconfig file is created locally.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator Import the Orchestrator Configuration You can restore the previously exported system configuration if a system failure occurs or when you reinstall Orchestrator. Procedure 1 Log in to the Orchestrator configuration interface as vmware. 2 On the General tab, click Import Configuration. 3 Type the password you used when exporting the configuration. This step is not necessary, if you have not specified a password. 4 Browse to select the .
Chapter 6 Further Configuration Options 7 (Optional) To put the server in Web view development mode, select the Enable Web view development check box. In this mode, all elements in the Web view are loaded from the specified Web view directory and not from the Web view content itself. See Developing with VMware vCenter Orchestrator. 8 Click Apply changes. Import the Plug-In Licenses The set of plug-ins that Orchestrator includes does not require a license.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 4 Import the SSL certificate in your local keystore. a Download a root certificate from the CA that signed your certificate. b Import the root certificate in your keystore by running following command in the Java utility. keytool -import -alias root -keystore \ -trustcacerts -file c Import the SSL certificate signed by the CA (the SSL certificate must be in X509 format).
Chapter 6 Further Configuration Options Change the SSL Certificate for the Orchestrator Client By default, the Orchestrator server uses the predefined SSL certificate while communicating remotely with the Orchestrator client. You can change the SSL certificate for the Orchestrator client, for example if your company security policy requires you to use its SSL certificates. Prerequisites Make sure that you have installed an SSL certificate signed by a CA.
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 3 Select an option from the Log level drop-down menu. Option Description FATAL Only fatal errors are written to the log file. ERROR Errors and fatal errors are written to the log file. WARN Warnings, errors, and fatal errors are written to the log file. INFO Information, warnings, errors, and fatal errors are written to the log file.
Where to Go From Here 7 When you have installed and configured vCenter Orchestrator, you can use Orchestrator to automate frequently repeated processes related to the management of the virtual environment. n Log in to the Orchestrator client, run, and schedule workflows on the vCenter Server inventory objects or other objects that Orchestrator accesses through its plug-ins. n Publish the weboperator Web view and provide browser access to Orchestrator workflows to users and user groups.
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Index A audience 7 availability 19 C certificate database 53 changing the Orchestrator Lookup port 62 check-pointing 11 configuration config files 65 database connection 48–50 default plug-ins 54 export configuration settings 29, 64 import configuration settings 31, 66 LDAP settings 46 network connection 40 configuration maximums 19 D data migration tool back up customized elements 33 export configuration settings 32 import configuration settings 34 data migration 31 database connection parameters 49, 50
Installing and Configuring VMware vCenter Orchestrator 530 47 531 47 532 47 533 47 701 47 773 47 775 47 license importing plug-in licenses 67 importing vCenter Server license 58 Orchestrator server access rights 59 load balancing 55 login 38 M MD5 62 N non-ASCII characters 16, 24, 30, 49 O Orchestrator architecture 13 Orchestrator client, change the SSL certificate 69 Orchestrator configuration interface, remote connection 39 Orchestrator installed on a 64-bit machine 29 Orchestrator overview 11 T time