VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide vFabric Data Director 2.7 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 2013 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws.
Contents About VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 9 1 VMware vFabric Data Director Overview 11 Data Director System Architecture 11 VMware Data Director Components 12 Data Director User Management Modes 12 About Data Director Administration 13 Data Director Supported Databases 14 2 Managing Data Director Resources 19 Resource Management Overview 19 Resource Bundles and Resource Pools 20 Storage Resources and Data Director 21 System Resource Bundle 22 Resource Assignment 23 vSphere
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 45 Database Virtual Machine OVA Files 48 Deploy a DBVM OVA File 48 Disk Configuration for DBVMs and DB Templates 49 Build an Oracle, SQL Server, or Empty Base DBVM 50 Build a MySQL Base DBVM 51 Build an Oracle and SUSE Linux Base DBVM 56 Build an Oracle DBVM with a Custom Linux Operating System 56 Requirements for the Kickstart File 60 Build a Base DBVM with a Custom Operating System 63 Create and Validate a B
Contents Database Creation 102 Using Tags 116 Managing the Organization Catalog 117 Batch Operations and Scheduled Tasks 119 Updating Databases 120 Database Administration 121 10 Cloning Databases 127 Clone Types 127 Cloning Customizations 129 Clone a Database 129 Managing Post-Clone Scripts 133 Managing a Cloned Database Refresh 137 11 Managing Database Entities 141 Database Entity Management SQL Management 146 141 12 Safeguarding Data 149 Backup Strategies 150 Backup Types 150 Backup Template Setti
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 15 Managing Licenses 185 License Management Overview 185 Counting Data Director Licenses 187 About Evaluation Licenses 187 Add License Keys 188 View License Information 188 View License Usage Information 189 Change the vFabric Postgres Database Usage Type Remove License Keys 190 189 16 IP Pool Management 191 Add an IP Pool 191 Edit IP Pool 192 Delete an IP Pool 192 17 VMware vCloud Director Integration 195 Enable vCloud Director Integration in
Contents Troubleshooting for SSL Communication 215 Database Cannot Be Connected Using the JDBC Connection String 216 Unable to Import or Login Users of the Single Sign-On Service 217 Index 219 VMware, Inc.
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About VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide ® The VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide describes the features of VMware vFabric Data Director. VMware vFabric Data Director is an enterprise class database-as-a-service (DBaaS) solution on VMware vSphere that provides self-service lifecycle management for heterogeneous databases. The solution includes the following features. n Database creation, cloning, backup, and restore.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 10 n Application developers use this document to learn how to create, manage and monitor databases. n Application developers, QA and production engineers, and others use this document to learn how to perform functions for which they have been granted permissions. VMware, Inc.
VMware vFabric Data Director Overview 1 VMware vFabric Data Director is a software solution that powers Database-as-a-service in your cloud. It enables you to implement database-aware virtualization on vSphere and provides self-service lifecycle management for heterogeneous databases.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide VMware Data Director Components The Data Director hierarchy consists of organizations, each with its own discrete database groups and databases. Currently supported databases include vFabric Postgres, Microsoft SQL Server, and Oracle. System administrators perform management tasks at the system level, which is the top level of the hierarchy.
Chapter 1 VMware vFabric Data Director Overview Global user management mode has the following characteristics. n Organizations are set up as separate departments, business units, or groups within one enterprise, such as a corporation's HR and Finance departments. n All Data Director users are visible to all organizations within Data Director. n Organization administrators grant access to users to the organization or grant access directly from the system user list.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Table 1-2. Organization-Level Operations Operation Type Examples Resource management operations n Creating database groups. n Enabling base database templates in resource bundles. Creating resource templates. Creating backup templates. Allocating resources to database groups within the organization. n n n User management operations n n n n n Creating and managing organization users.
Chapter 1 VMware vFabric Data Director Overview Oracle Databases As a system administrator, you upload, test, and manage the Oracle base database templates that organization administrators, DBAs, and application developers use to create Oracle databases. The recommended practice for using Oracle with Data Director is to set up a dedicated vSphere ESXi cluster for hosting Oracle resources, including operating system, Oracle database server, and client tools.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide The Data Director provisioning process prepares and configures the SQL Server software as described in the following list. n The SQL Server DBVM can join an existing Windows domain during provisioning. You must provide a Windows Active Directory credential with sufficient privileges to join the domain. If a SQL Server DBVM joins a domain, Windows authentication is the authentication method.
Chapter 1 VMware vFabric Data Director Overview MySQL Databases As a Data Director system administrator you upload and manage MySQL base database templates that organization administrators, DBAs, and application developers use to provision MySQL databases. Use MySQL with Data Director to set up a dedicated vSphere ESXi cluster for hosting MySQL resources, including operating system, MySQL database server, and client tools.
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Managing Data Director Resources 2 System administrators manage CPU, memory, storage, and networking resources, as well as system-wide database and backup configuration templates. Organization administrators manage resources for database groups and for databases and enable database templates for their organizations.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide A Data Director resource bundle includes CPU, memory, storage, and networking resources. The CPU and memory resources come from a resource pool in the vSphere cluster. The storage and networking resources are assigned to Data Director during installation or at a later time. Data Director includes a set of VLANs to carry different types of network traffic. Data Director provides the following types of resource bundles. n System resource bundle.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Selecting one or more DB Access Networks allows you to isolate different database groups from one another, for example, to isolate a QA database group from a Production database group. When no DB Access Networks have been assigned in the environment, select the network that is mapped to the Web Console Network. Do not select internal networks for DB Access Network traffic.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n Virtual machines consist of virtual disks that are created in the datastores and presented to the guest operating system as disks that can be partitioned and used in file systems. VMFS is a cluster file system that provides storage virtualization optimized for virtual machines. Each virtual machine is encapsulated in a set of files and VMFS is the default storage system for these files on physical SCSI disks and partitions.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Resource Assignment Resource assignment differs for organizations, database groups, and databases. Resource Assignment for Organizations System administrators can assign multiple resource bundles to each organization. System administrators can assign a particular base database template to multiple resource bundles. Organization administrators allocate the resource bundles to database groups and enable base DB templates.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide vSphere Resource Pools and Data Director A vSphere resource pool is a logical abstraction for flexible management of CPU and memory resources.You add CPU and memory resources to Data Director resource bundles by adding a vSphere resource pool to the bundle. Data Director has the following types of resource pools. Resource Pools for Databases vSphere administrators create one or more resource pools to enable Data Director users to create databases.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Creating Resource Pools for Databases You create resource pools for databases by using a vSphere Client connected to a vCenter Server system. Specify the following resource pool settings to ensure that Data Director always receives all of its allocated resources and does not have different amounts of CPU and memory available if the cluster is experiencing a light or a heavy load.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Viewing Resource Information Data Director system administrators can view resource usage information for an organization from the Data Director Manage & Monitor tab. When you log in to Data Director as a system administrator, you can view information about the resource usage of the different organizations and about the resource bundle or resource bundles that are being used by each organization.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Option Description Expandable Reservation Can be checked or unchecked. CPU Limit Maximum CPU resources available to this resource pool. Set CPU limit equal to CPU reservation value. Unlimited Leave unchecked. Memory Shares Leave memory shares set to Normal. Memory Reservation Memory resources to allocate to this resource pool. Must be greater than 0. Expandable Reservation Can be checked or Unchecked.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Wizard screen Action Storage Click Edit to select a datastore, and allocate the number of gigabytes to use with Data Director, or allocate all unallocated space. Repeat the process for backup storage. NOTE Do not select a datastore that is in a datastore cluster. Networks Select the networks that you want to have available to this resource bundle. These networks provide the public network for the organization's databases.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Prerequisites n Connect to the vCenter Server system by using a vSphere Client. You cannot create resource pools if the client is connected directly to a host. n Verify that you have permissions sufficient to create a resource pool. n Choose a location for the resource pool. Data Director cannot use resource pools at the vApp top level. For information about resource pools, see the vSphere Resource Management documentation .
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Prerequisites n Create a resource pool to use for allocating CPU and memory resources. See “Create a Resource Pool,” on page 28. n Decide on the storage resources that you want to include in the resource bundle. Plan storage resources for database storage, backup storage, and log storage.
Chapter 2 Managing Data Director Resources Wizard Screen Action Base Database Templates Select the base Database templates available in this resource bundle. Users create and provision databases using these templates. You can assign base database templates to resource bundles at any time. DB Access Networks Select the networks that you want to have available to this resource bundle. These networks provide the public network for the organization's databases.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide If you change cluster settings from Data Director compatible to Data director incompatible, Data Director displays alerts but does not revert the settings. You must revert the settings to make the cluster compatible again. CAUTION Do not disable DRS, because you lose all resource pools. Reenabling DRS does not restore the resource pools. See “Resource Bundles Become Unusable Because DRS Is Disabled,” on page 214.
Managing Users and Roles 3 User management controls the users that can log in to Data Director and what they can see and do after they log in.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide User Management Overview System and organization administrators use a combination of user logins, privileges, permissions, and roles (role-based access control) to manage Data Director users. Role-based access control provides management of users and the tasks that they can perform on objects. You can grant and revoke roles and permissions at the system level, on organizations, and on database groups, databases, and templates within organizations.
Chapter 3 Managing Users and Roles In the figure, user Bob is logged in to Data Director and has been granted access to the system and to the organization Alliance. Bob is also granted the SysAdmin role at the system level, and the DBAdmin role in the organization Alliance. Bob's SysAdmin role applies to the system level. The SysAdmin role does not propagate to any organizations.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide applies only to the system. If you create a role in an organization, it applies only to the organization. Organizations have no visibility into each others' roles. If two organizations in the same Data Director data cloud each have a role that has the same name, those roles are distinct within each organization. One user can have multiple roles within an organization.
Chapter 3 Managing Users and Roles Template user role Template users can use any resource templates and backup templates when creating databases. User administrator role The User administrator role manages users at the system level, including creating, editing settings for, and deleting system users. Privileges Privileges define the allowable actions on objects in vFabric Data Director. You associate privileges with a user login and a Data Director object to define permissions.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Propagation of Permissions and Roles How permissions and roles propagate through an organization depends on where and on what types of objects they are granted. Understanding how permissions and roles propagate can help you to assign them to users appropriately. Permission and role propagation stops at the organization boundary. Permissions granted within an organization propagate only within that organization.
Chapter 3 Managing Users and Roles Add Users to Your Organization Users can self-register to login to Data Director, but cannot access Data Director organizations, database groups, or databases until organization administrators grant access to them. You must add the users to your organization to grant them access. Prerequisites n Verify that you have Manage Registration permission for the organization. n Verify that the system setting Allow Public Registration is on.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 6 7 Right-click Status. n Select Enable to activate the role. n Select Disable to deactivate the role. In the Permissions section, select the permissions to grant to this role. You can grant permissions to the role on the organization, database groups within the organization, databases within the organization's database groups, and on organization templates. 8 Click OK. The new role appears in the Roles list.
Chapter 3 Managing Users and Roles Procedure 1 Click the Organization Settings tab. 2 Click Settings, then click Security. 3 (By Organization user management mode only) Choose one of the following Allow public registration settings. 4 5 Setting Description No User registration is by invitation only. Yes Users can see the organization and register themselves. Choose one of the following Allow System Administrator to log into Org settings.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide The Lookup Service URL takes the form https://SSO_host_FQDN_or_IP:7444/lookupservice/sdk, where 7444 is the default vCenter Single Sign-On HTTPS port number. If your vCenter Single Sign-On deployment uses a different port number, use that port number. n Log into vFabric Data Director as a system administrator. Procedure 1 In the System tab, click System Settings. 2 Expand Other Settings, and click General. 3 Click Enable Single Sign-On.
Chapter 3 Managing Users and Roles The imported user names are added to the vFabric Data Director registry and appear in the All Users table. Users imported from the vCenter Single Sign-On service are identified as being managed by vCenter Single Sign-On. Users added through vFabric Data Director are identified as being managed by Data Director. What to do next Assign the user or users to an organization and grant privileges.
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Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 4 Data Director enables administrators to quickly provision databases, such as Oracle and vFabric Postgres, using database templates. Administrators prepare templates that let users create databases in Data Director. Data Director uses base database templates (base DB templates) to create databases. A base DB template is a virtual machine that contains all the required software to create a database.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Figure 4-1.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 2 Deploy a DBVM OVA File on page 48 As a vSphere administrator, you deploy the provided DBVM template OVA files to the system resource pool for Data Director. 3 Disk Configuration for DBVMs and DB Templates on page 49 You can create virtual disks on which to store your database's data and log files to improve performance.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Database Virtual Machine OVA Files Data Director provides downloadable database virtual machine (DBVM) templates as OVA files. Downloadable OVA Files vFabric Data Director vPostgres 9.2 (VMwarevFabric-Data-DirectorSLES11-vPostgres 92Base-DBVM.ova) Includes virtual hardware and the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server with vFabric Postgres 9.2.4 database software installed with default parameters. vFabric Data Director vPostgres 9.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 7 Map the DBVM template networks listed to the networks configured for Data Director. 8 (Optional) In the Disk Format page, select Thin Provision and click Next. 9 Click Next, review the settings, and click Finish. The DBVM is deployed in the system resource pool. What to do next Deploy another DBVM template OVA file, or install the operating system and database software within the DBVM.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Virtual Disk Provisioning Types Data Director supports the following disk provisioning profiles: Eager Zeroed Thick Provision A type of thick virtual disk that supports clustering features such as Fault Tolerance. Space required for the virtual disk is allocated at creation time. In contrast to the flat format, the data remaining on the physical device is zeroed out when the virtual disk is created.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates Prerequisites n Verify that Data Director is installed and the system resource bundle is set up. n Verify that you have access to the ISO image of the operating system you want to install in your environment. n Verify that you have access to the Oracle or SQL Server ISO installation file. The installation file must be available on an NFS share. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as a system administrator.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Procedure 1 Create an Empty DBVM on page 52 You can create an empty (or blank) DBVM which you can use to build a custom database environment. For example, you can use the empty DBVM to build a DBVM with Red Hat Linux operating system configured for your IT environment and a MySQL database. 2 Deploy the Empty DBVM into the System Resource Pool on page 53 You use a empty (or blank) DBVM to build a custom DB template.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates What to do next Go to “Deploy the Empty DBVM into the System Resource Pool,” on page 53. Deploy the Empty DBVM into the System Resource Pool You use a empty (or blank) DBVM to build a custom DB template. Prerequisites Verify that the system resource pool has sufficient resources to run your preferred combination of operating system and database. Procedure 1 Log in to vSphere Client as a system administrator and connect to the vCenter server.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Install Linux on a Blank Virtual Machine You can install Linux as the operating system on the blank virtual machine. Prerequisites Deploy the base database virtual machine into the system resource pool. See “Deploy the Empty DBVM into the System Resource Pool,” on page 53. Repackage the Linux ISO image. See “Repackage the Red Hat Linux ISO Image,” on page 53. A floppy image containing the ks.cfg file (unless you have packaged your own customized ks.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 3 Click the CD/DVD drive icon, and select the datastore ISO file from the storage disk. 4 Type the following command to mount the CDROM to the local directory. mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom 5 As root, type the following command from the local directory. ./install.sh –i This command installs scripts for database install, VMware Tools, and Python 2.6 runtime.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Build an Oracle and SUSE Linux Base DBVM Data Director provides a base DBVM with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES). You can install Oracle into the SLES DBVM to provide an environment for proof-of-concept projects or to allow non-Oracle database administrators to explore Oracle.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates n Verify that you have access to a supported Red Hat or Oracle Linux installation ISO image. To build a base DBVM and base DB template that uses the Red Hat or Oracle Linux operating system and the Oracle database, you must meet both the Oracle and Data Director prerequisites for installation. n You have prepared a custom KS.cfg file for the Linux and Oracle. See “Requirements for the Kickstart File,” on page 60.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Procedure 1 Obtain a working Linux environment with sufficient storage to repackage the Linux ISO image. If you mount the RHEL ISO from an NFS server, 8GB is sufficient. You need 12GB if you upload the ISO to your local disk. 2 Ensure that you have a discoverable path to the working Linux environment for the original RHEL ISO image, local directory, or NFS path. 3 Download the ISO image from the VMware product download page.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 8 Power on the virtual machine if it is not running, and open a console to observe. The virtual machine will start to bootstrap, and install Linux as specified in the custom kickstart file. Linux is installed. The kickstart file brings up the installation for the database binary and other required packages from the CDROM.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Type the following command to install Oracle. /opt/aurora/installation/install.sh NFS_PATH_FOR_Oracle_binary_folder Oracle_version NFS_PATH_FOR_Oracle_binary_folder is the full path of the NFS server where you store your Oracle installation software components. Oracle_version is the full version number of the Oracle software. 3 Power off the virtual machine when the Oracle installation finishes. 4 Remove the CD/DVD devices.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. libXp-devel libXau-devel sysstat iptables* httpd httpd openldap-clients %post /bin/cat > /root/firstboot.sh <
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide keyboard us # System language lang en_US # Installation logging level logging --level=info # Use CDROM installation media # Network information cdrom network --bootproto dhcp --device eth0 network --bootproto dhcp --device eth1 # Reboot after installation reboot #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$X0Hs3tQw$Zw7.vM.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates @base @development-tools @legacy-software-development @development-libs @editors sysstat iptables* openldap-clients unixODBC libaio-devel httpd mod_ssl libXtst-devel libXp-devel libXau-devel Build a Base DBVM with a Custom Operating System You can create a base DBVM for either Oracle or SQL Server databases using any operating system supported by Data Director with customizations specific to your IT environment.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Deploy the Empty DBVM into the System Resource Pool You use a empty (or blank) DBVM to build a custom DB template. Prerequisites Verify that the system resource pool has sufficient resources to run your preferred combination of operating system and database. Procedure 1 Log in to vSphere Client as a system administrator and connect to the vCenter server. 2 Deploy an empty DBVM into the system resource pool.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates Data Director copies the database installation files and installs the virtual machine tools and agents. The base DBVM appears in the Base DBVMs list with the status Pending. The process may take several minutes. The status changes to Running when creation of the base DBVM finishes. What to do next Go to “Initialize the Base DBVM Operating System,” on page 65.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Procedure 1 Convert a Base DBVM into a Base DB Template on page 66 Data Director system administrators convert base DBVMs into base DB templates to provide the blueprints for creating databases. 2 Validate a Base DB Template on page 67 As a Data Director system administrator, you can validate a base DB template to confirm that it built correctly. You can validate a base DB template at any time.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 7 Option Action Save the source DBVM (clone before converting) Click the checkbox to retain the source base DBVM for future use. Disk Layout Specify the virtual disks to use for this DB template. Display Name Type a name to identify the virtual disk within Data Director. Disk Type From the drop-down menu, select the type of disk , either Data or Log, to assign to this virtual disk. Path Type the location of the virtual disk.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Prerequisites n Complete the task “Convert a Base DBVM into a Base DB Template,” on page 66. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as a user with system administrator privileges. 2 In Manage and Monitor, select Resource Bundles. 3 Right-click a resource bundle, and select Assign Base DB Templates. 4 Select one or more templates. 5 Click OK. The base DB template is available to the resource bundle.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates User Defined Upgrade Scripts for Oracle databases In the update process, Data Director attempts to run two user defined scripts, the source base DB template preupgrade script, and the target base DB template postupgrade script. To achieve customization in the update process, you must upload a script to the base DBVM before converting it to a base DB template. Table 4-2.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Click the Manage and Monitor tab. 3 Click the Base DB Templates in the left pane. 4 Right-click vPostgres 9.2, and select Properties. 5 Click the Update From tab. 6 Check the box for a vFabric Postgres 9.1 template, and select dump-restore. 7 Click OK.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates Identify Existing Target DBVM To create a template with the required patches, determine whether a base database virtual machine of the Oracle database that you intend to patch is available. Prerequisites Verify that you have Oracle databases that required upgrading in Data Director. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as an organization administrator. 2 Click the Manage and Monitor tab. 3 Double-click a database group in the left pane.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Prerequisites Verify that a base database virtual machine of the Oracle database is available. Configure the update chain. Procedure 1 Connect to the Base DBVM console. You can connect from the vSphere client or other SSH terminals. 2 Download the PSU 12419378 package from the Oracle Web site. 3 Upload p5880880_112000_Linux-x86-64.zip to the /tmp directory in the database virtual machine. 4 Upgrade the patch according to README.txt.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates n You know the file path location of the virtual disks available for use by Data Director, and understand the vSphere disk provisioning types. See “Disk Configuration for DBVMs and DB Templates,” on page 49. n Understand how to assign your database's data and log files to the specified virtual disks for optimal storage usage and performance. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as a system administrator.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Click Manage and Monitor, expand Templates and click Base DB Templates. 3 Right-click a base DB template and select Validate. 4 Select the organization and database group in which to validate the base DB template and click OK. What to do next If validation does not succeed, troubleshoot the base DB template in vSphere. Contact your VMware representative for assistance.
Chapter 4 Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates 4 Click Enable. Wait for the base DB template to be enabled. 5 Click Close. Configure an Oracle Update Chain You configure an update chain to enable database users to update databases based on templates that comply with update policies. Prerequisites Verify that you have successfully converted a Base DBVM containing a patch to a new Base DB Template. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as a system administrator. 2 Click Manage and Monitor.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 4 On the Update page, provide the following information. Option Description Update to The new template from which to update the database. DB parameter group Database configuration parameters to apply to the updated database. Keep existing values when possible If the new template does not require new database parameter values and you prefer to retain the current values, select the Keep existing values when possible check box.
Managing Organizations 5 The basic component of Data Director is the organization. Data Director system administrators create organizations, assign the initial organization administrator, and allocate resources to the organization.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Organizations contain one or more database groups (DBGs) that in turn contain one or more databases, as shown in the following figure. Figure 5-1. Data Director Organization Structure Organization names must be unique within Data Director. Organizations cannot be nested. Organization roles, policies, and templates apply only within that organization.
Chapter 5 Managing Organizations By default, system administrators cannot access organizations. Organization administrators can grant access to system administrators by modifying a security setting for their organization. Organization administrators perform tasks such as the following.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide One or more resource bundles can be assigned to an organization, but a resource bundle cannot be shared across organizations. This restriction provides resource isolation, enhances security, and helps to ensure compliance with Oracle licensing requirements by enabling organizations with Oracle databases to use only the vSphere resources dedicated for Oracle use.
Chapter 5 Managing Organizations 2 Click Organizations in the left pane. 3 Click the plus (+) icon to start the Create Organization wizard. 4 Click Create New Data Director Organization. 5 Enter the organization information. Wizard screen Action Name and Description Specify a name and optional description and click Next. Organization Administrator To create a new organization administrator user, perform the following tasks. a Click Create a new user.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 6 Enter the appropriate information. Wizard screen Action Organization Administrator Select the vCloud Director organization administrator. Resource Bundles You can assign resource bundles at any time after binding the organization. To skip the assign resource bundles step, click Assign resource bundles later. To select a resource bundle now, click Choose an existing resource bundle and select a resource bundle from the list. Click Finish.
6 IP Whitelists Organization administrators and users with appropriate permissions can add a level of security to database connection requests by creating IP whitelists and applying them to individual databases. By default, all users with valid credentials can connect to a database. By applying one or more IP whitelists to a database, you ensure that only connection requests from trusted IP addresses are accepted by that database.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 5 Click OK. The IP whitelist appears in the IP Whitelist list. Apply IP Whitelists to Databases You can apply IP whitelists to a database to ensure that the database accepts connection requests only from trusted IP addresses. Prerequisites n Verify that your organization administrator or user with Manage IP Whitelist and Edit information and storage permissions has created IP whitelists.
Chapter 6 IP Whitelists Option Description IP Range (Default) Enter a range of trusted IP addresses. Enter a beginning and ending IP address. Description (Optional) A description of the custom IP whitelist. 8 Repeat Step 7 to continue adding custom IP whitelists. 9 Click OK. Data Director reconfigures the database to accept connections from the custom IP whitelists' IP addresses. What to do next Click the IP Whitelists tab to modify or delete custom IP whitelists. VMware, Inc.
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Managing Database Groups 7 Database groups contain sets of databases within organizations. Database groups allow organization administrators to provide the resources for operating and provisioning databases and to apply access and authorization rules (security policies) to those databases. Grouping databases enables subdivision of resources from the organization's allocated resources.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Figure 7-1. Database Groups in the Data Director Architecture Cloud resource bundle org database resource bundle resource bundle org database group database resource bundle org database group templates database backup database database Managing Resources for Database Groups Database groups require CPU, memory, storage, and networking resources to enable database operation, provisioning, and backup.
Chapter 7 Managing Database Groups n Determine the size of the backup storage allocation to support the external backups for each database in the database group plus the Point-in-Time Recovery allocation for each database. Storage Reservation Organization administrators use storage reservation to control whether they can allocate more storage than is available to databases in a database group. Administrators set a limit on how much storage can be overallocated.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 5 Specify the following information in the Create Database Group wizard. Wizard page Action Name and Description Type a name and optional description and click Next. Resource Bundle Select a resource bundle from the list and click Next. If no base DB template is enabled on the resource bundle, you must enable one. a Click Next, and select one or more base DB templates. b Click Enable. c When Status is refreshed to Enabled, click Next.
Managing Database Templates 8 Data Director database templates allow organization administrators to enable database templates, and to standardize database creations and their backup policies. Database templates in Data Director also impose limits on resource consumption. Database administrators can create and back up databases consistently by using templates and can create, clone, and customize templates.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide DB parameter groups are associated with base DB templates and contain the database configuration settings used to provision database instances. DB parameter groups specify database configurations that vary from db engines. For vFabric Postgres, this includes parameters such as connection, memory, IO, WAL, checkpoint, logging, and so on.
Chapter 8 Managing Database Templates Procedure 1 Click the Organization Settings tab. 2 In the left pane, click Base DB Templates. 3 In the center pane, right-click a base DB template and select Enable on Resource Bundles. 4 Click Enable. Wait for the base DB template to be enabled. 5 Click Close. Create a DB Parameter Group Organization administrators and users with Manage base DB templates privileges can configure the DB parameter group for base DB templates.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 3 Create a template or clone a template. Creation Method Action New template Click the green plus icon above the menu bar. Clone Right-click an existing template and choose Clone. 4 In the Create Resource Template wizard, type a name and description. 5 Specify whether you want to publish the template, and click Next. When a template is not published, you can view or manage it, but you cannot use it to create databases.
Chapter 8 Managing Database Templates Action Description Edit Permissions Allows you to specify who can use this template, and what each user can do. You can change the permissions for an existing user, remove an existing user, and add a role. Users who can create a database from the template do not automatically have permissions to modify the template. Properties Allows you to modify the settings that you specified when you created the template.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 7 8 Specify the external backup settings. Option Action Frequency Select one of the options from the menu. Select Never if you do not want backups for databases that use this backup template. Start Time Select Automatic to allow the system to control the start time, or enter a start time. The system initiates a backup within two minutes of the target start time, depending on system load.
Chapter 8 Managing Database Templates 3 Right-click the template that you want to modify and perform one of the supported actions. Action Description Clone Creates a copy of this template. When you clone a template, the Create Backup Template wizard opens and you can configure the backup settings for the clone. Delete Deletes the selected template. Unpublish Disables provisioning and other capabilities for this template.
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Managing Databases 9 Database administrators and application developers manage database lifecycles from creation to decommissioning. Database administrators manage databases from a central management perspective. Application developers focus on how databases can help with application development as a service.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide resource bundles to organizations. Organization administrators must enable at least one base database template in their organization resource bundle(s) to allow organization users to create databases. See Chapter 4, “Building DBVMs and Base DB Templates,” on page 45. Create databases Create and allocate resources to a new database using base database templates, database resource templates, and parameter groups.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Ingest external databases into Data Director Ingest a backup of an external database into Data Director. You can ingest a one time clone, or you can refresh an existing database from an external database. Ingested databases are accessible only from the organization database catalog and can be refreshed only by an additional backup from the source database. You cannot use ingested databases directly in Data Director.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n If you plan to enable point-in-time recovery, calculate additional storage to accommodate the point-intime recovery write-ahead logs (WALs). The size of the allocation depends on the expected volume of transactions on the database. Every database requires a certain amount of storage overhead for the operating system, database software, swap space, log files, snapshots, and so on.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases n “Ingest or Refresh an External Database,” on page 112. Use this method to reproduce a state from a production or other type of environment. With ingestion, you can create a one-time clone, create a "golden clone", which cannot be modified within Data Director, or refresh a database from an external database, also known as in-place refresh. A golden clone can be refreshed only by an additional backup from the source database.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Wizard page Action Configuration Specify the configuration information for this database. Storage 104 Host name (Optional) Type a host name for the database. By default this field is populated with the name you used to identify the database. Database name Type a name for the database. By default this field is populated with the name you used to identify the database.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Wizard page Action Administrator Specify the database administrator user name and password. Options Administrator user name Type an administrator account for the database. Each database requires an administrator that can perform all schema management operations. The administrator account is specific to the database and cannot log in to Data Director. Password Type an administrator account password. Expiration Select a date and time at which the database expires.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 6 Click Create new database, and provide the appropriate information. Wizard page Action Creation Type Click Create new database General Specify the database name, type, base database template, and database group from which to create the database. Configuration Name Type a name to identify the database within the Data Director user interface. Description (Optional) Enter a description of this database.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Wizard page Action Domain Click Join machine to domain and type a domain name, user name, and password. The domain user must have permisions to join the computer to a domain. By default SQL Server uses Windows authentication when in domain mode. Click Do not join domain to use mized authentication. When deployed in a Workgroup environment (without joining a domain), SQL Server uses mixed authentication.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 4 Click the Databases tab. 5 Click the plus (+) icon to start the Create Database wizard. 6 Enter the following information in the Create Database wizard. Wizard page Action Creation Type Click Create database from catalog. Source Database Choose a source database to clone from the catalog. Clone Type Select the type of clone you want to create.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Wizard page Action Storage Specify the data, log, and backup disk storage allocation for this database. Specify storage allocation for each disk type, and, if multiple datastores are available, choose the datastore the database should use for its virtual disks. For example, you may choose to map data disks to faster datastores to provide optimum performance, and backup disks to slower datastores where disk performance isn't of critical importance.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n If the database is in archive log mode and open, you must include archive logs in the backup. For example, backup INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 database plus archivelog Otherwise, do not include an archive log in the backup. If the database is in nonarchive mode, the refresh from external database feature does not support point in time refresh.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases File Based Conventions During the ingestion and refresh process, coordinate your operations with external programs, such as third party backup software, or with manual operations. Familiarize yourself with the backup files, and observe these file based conventions. n Backup files for each ingestion or refresh operation should have their own directory. The directory should be beneath the exported directory.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Ingest or Refresh an External Database You ingest a database to reproduce a production environment and create a one-time (golden) clone. The imported database is a clone of a physical database that exists outside of Data Director. Prerequisites n Verify that you have access to the organization and database group in which to create the new database.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases 6 Enter the following information in the wizard. Wizard page Action Creation Type Select Ingest external database. Refresh Profile Select the refresh profile for the database. One-time clone One-time clones are not linked to the source database. After the database is ingested, it is open and running, and you can modify data as required. You can also refresh it from external database by performing an in-place refresh, but the original database will be removed.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Wizard page Action Ingestion Process Settings The ingestion process settings specify the source of the database to ingest, the ingestion schedule, and the maximum network bandwidth the ingestion process can use. The options available for this wizard page differ based on whether you choose to create a One-time clone or a Golden clone in catalog. Select the settings for a One-time clone.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Wizard page Action Configuration Specify the configuration information for this database. Storage Options Host name Type a host name for the database. By default this field is populated with the name you used to identify the database. Database name Type a name for the database. By default this field is populated with the name you used to identify the database. Resource Template Select a database resource template from the dropdown menu.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide If the ingested database is a one-time clone, the database appears in the databases list with a status of Creating. The status changes to Running when the database is created. The process can take a few minutes. If the ingested database is a golden clone, the database is added to the organization catalog with a status of Creating. The status changes to Ready when the database is created.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases You can associate a tag with a database during database creation. See “Create an Empty vFabric Postgres, MySQL, or Oracle Database,” on page 103. You can also associate tags with an existing database. Create a Tag Tags provide a simple way to search for databases in a database group or organization. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as an organization administrator. 2 Click the Manage and Monitor tab. 3 Click the Tags tab. 4 Click the plus (+) icon.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Add a Database to the Catalog You can add an existing Data Director database to the database group catalog, and use the catalog database to create other databases with known characteristics and preloaded data. You cannot directly modify or power on catalog databases. Prerequisites Verify that you have Create catalog items and Clone privileges at the organization or database group level. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases 4 Option Description Description (Optional) Type a description of the catalog database. Add Action To allow refreshing the catalog database from the source database, select Clone source to catalog, and then select Full Clone or Linked Clone. To disallow refreshing to the catalog database, select Move Source to Catalog. You can move only a stopped database to the catalog. Click OK. The database is added to the database group catalog with the status Ready.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Run Basic Batch Operations Organization administrators and users with appropriate privileges can select multiple databases, and then run an operation on the selected databases. Prerequisites Verify that you have appropriate database operations and management privileges for the operations that you plan to perform. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director. 2 In the Manage & Monitor tab, select the database group.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases System administrators can define an update chain from one database template to another to allow database users to perform updates. System administrators also can indicate how to update databases. Database update modes include In-place update and Dump-restore update. Update a Database You can update a database to apply enhancements or software upgrades. Prerequisites Verify that the following conditions are met.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n Manage database backup and restore operations. See Chapter 12, “Safeguarding Data,” on page 149 for information about backing up and restoring data. See Chapter 8, “Managing Database Templates,” on page 91 for information about managing database configuration templates and database backup templates.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Edit General Database Properties General database properties include the database name, its UUID, connection string, storage allocation, its version, and database owner account. You can view and change the values for some of these properties. You cannot change the database name, UUID, or connection string. Prerequisites n You are logged in to your organization as a database administrator or application developer with Edit Information and Storage privileges on the database.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Edit Database Resource Settings When your database expands or when usage patterns change, you can adjust database configuration settings to improve performance, provide more storage, and so on. Prerequisites Verify the following items. n You are logged in to your organization as a DBA or application developer with Edit resource settings privileges on the database. n You have Use template permission to at least one resource template.
Chapter 9 Managing Databases Monitor Database Group and Database Statistics Monitoring database statistics helps you to ensure that your databases run efficiently. You can use the statistics to identify and troubleshoot problem areas, such as low resources, that might affect the ability to meet service goals. You monitor database statistics by viewing resource use and performance data. Data Director keeps statistics for database groups and for the databases in those groups.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 3 126 Click the Databases tab, and click the database statistics you want. Option Description Dashboard tab View graphical representations of resource usage statistics for the database group. Alarms tab View triggered alarms. Tasks & Events tab View tasks, events, and their status. Reports tab View summary reports and time interval reports. Permissions tab View roles, assign roles, or grant permissions.
Cloning Databases 10 In Data Director, you can clone a database. You have a choice of cloning operations that include full database clone, linked database clone, and schema only clone. You can customize the clone's database settings and backup settings during clone creation.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Figure 10-1. Full Database Clone production full database clone staging Linked Clones Linked clones are two or more databases that share storage. The linked clone technology supports efficient sharing of duplicate data. Linked clones use delta disk backings. A delta disk backing is a virtual disk file that is located on top of a standard virtual disk backing file.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases Figure 10-3. Using a Full Clone as a Staging Clone full database clone production staging dev QA linked database clones perf Cloning Customizations You can customize a clone when you create it. You can specify new resource settings, database parameter settings, and backup settings for the clone, choose the clone point, set an immediate backup, and set an expiration date for the clone. When you clone an existing database, you can customize the clone to suit your needs.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Configure the General Clone Settings on page 131 The general settings allow you to specify the name of the clone, a description, and to assign the clone to a database group. You can assign a database group only if the clone is not a linked clone. 3 Enter the Clone Configuration Settings on page 131 When you clone a database, you can configure the resource settings, database parameters, and backup settings for the clone.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases 3 4 Specify the point from which to create the clone. Option Description Now Creates the clone using the current state of the source database. Specific point in time Creates the clone at the specific date and time that you specify. Select a backup Uses the backup that you specify to create the clone. Click Next to continue to the General panel.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 3 Select the database parameter group settings to use for the clone. Option Description Clone from source database Uses the database parameter group settings of the source database. Click Edit to modify the source settings. Use parameter group Allows you to select one of the available database parameter groups. Select Custom from the drop-down menu to override one or more values of the existing database parameter group.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases Configuring IP Whitelists Settings for the Clone You create IP whitelists to specify trusted IP addresses from which the clone accepts connection requests. Prerequisites Review information about IP Whitelists. See Chapter 6, “IP Whitelists,” on page 83. Procedure 1 (Optional) In your organization, click IP Whitelists, and select IP whitelists to use for the clone. 2 (Optional) Click Custom IP Whitelists, and click the plus (+) icon to create IP whitelists for the clone.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide When a post-clone script fails, Data Director logs an error event or a warning event against the source database. n If a user without the Clone Administration privilege attempts the clone operation or the clone administrator chooses to delete the clone if the post-clone script fails, the event is logged as an error.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases 6 Type SQL statements in the text box. 7 Click OK. The script appears in the list of scripts on the Cloning tab. Add an Existing Post-Clone Script to a Database Organization administrators and users with Clone Administration privileges can designate a SQL script to run after a database is cloned by adding a SQL script to a database's cloning properties.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 5 In the Post-Clone Scripts section, click the plus (+) icon and enter the appropriate information. Option Description Name A unique name for the script. Description (Optional) A description of the script. 6 Select Open and browse to an existing SQL script. 7 Select the script. Its contents appear in the text box. 8 Edit the script. 9 Click OK. The script appears in the list of scripts on the Cloning tab.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases Choose the Default Post-Clone Script You can associate multiple post-clone scripts with a database, but only one can be active. Organization administrators and users with Clone Administration privileges can choose one post-clone script as the active (default) script. Prerequisites Verify that you have Clone Administration privileges on the database to which you are adding a post-clone script.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide The database or catalog a database is cloned from is the source of a cloned database. If the source is deleted, the cloned database becomes a regular database. When you refresh a cloned database, Data Director performs the following processes. 1 The schema and data is fetched from the source. 2 A post-clone script is run on the schema and data. 3 The schema and data generated by the post-clone script is applied to the cloned database.
Chapter 10 Cloning Databases Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as an organization administrator or user with the requisite privileges. 2 In your organization, click Manage and Monitor and select a database group. 3 On the Databases tab, right-click the database and select Properties. 4 Click the Automatic refresh tab. 5 Click the Automatic refresh checkbox, and select a refresh frequency and start time. 6 Click Apply. 7 Click OK. VMware, Inc.
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Managing Database Entities 11 Managing database entities includes managing schemas and tables, and performing SQL management tasks. To manage database entities, you need view database permissions on the database. Your organization administrator can create a role that has the necessary permissions, and the administrator can grant that role to you. Permissions that you have on the organization apply to all database groups and databases in the organization.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide View Database Entities You can view database groups and databases in your organization, and the entities and objects of running databases. Prerequisites Verify that you have Organization management privileges, or View properties permissions to view databases in the organization. Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director. 2 If you have Organization management privileges, click the Manage and Monitor tab to view your database groups and databases.
Chapter 11 Managing Database Entities 6 To perform the Vacuum and Analyze operations, click OK. 7 (Optional) To perform the Vacuum operation, uncheck the Analyze checkbox and click OK. To include the Full or Freeze operations with the Vacuum operation, check those checkboxes. 8 (Optional) To perform the Analyze operation, uncheck the Vacuum checkbox and click OK. Create a Schema After you create a database, you set up its entities, starting with the database schema.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 6 (Optional) In Constraints, select the type of constraint, Foreign key, Unique, or Check, that applies to the new column. You can create foreign key constraints only if the schema has more than one table. 7 a Click Create. b Enter the conditions for the constraint, and click OK. c Click Next to continue, or click Finish to create the table.
Chapter 11 Managing Database Entities Procedure 1 In the left pane, click the Schemas arrow to expand it. 2 Click the arrow next to the schema to expand it. 3 Select Views in the left pane. All views under the schema appear in the list in the middle pane. 4 Right-click a view and select Open. The view appears in the left pane. 5 Click the View Data tab to examine the data associated with the view.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Click the gear icon, and select Create > Constraint. 3 Select Check Constraint. 1 Type a name for the constraint, such as check_positive_price. 2 Enter the constraint in the Check text box. 3 (Optional) Enter a comment that describes the constraint. 4 Click OK. Data Director creates the constraint. SQL Management Managing SQL includes developing and testing SQL queries and monitoring and tuning query performance.
Chapter 11 Managing Database Entities 3 Expand Schemas in the left pane. 4 Select a schema and click Enter SQL. 5 Enter a SQL query in the entry pane, or click Open to open a SQL script file. 6 Click Execute to run the query. 7 Click Explain to view the query plan, runtime, and CPU cost. What to do next Adjust the SQL query, rerun, and reexamine the query plan to tune performance. VMware, Inc.
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Safeguarding Data 12 Data Director provides several options for managing backups and recovering databases. Taking regular backups of your databases is essential to safeguarding your data. Data Director tracks and stores changes for each database on a virtual disk associated with that database. Back up your database to capture the changes, preserves the database, and enables recovering the database and restoring its data after a failure.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Backup Strategies Backup strategies center on your business requirements for protecting your data. Database backup strategies vary according to business requirements and the database environment, such as production, development, or QA.
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data External Backups External backups are full copies of the database saved to a datastore separate from the database. This section describes the pros and cons of using external backups. External backups use about the same amount of storage as the database itself. Because they reside on a separate disk from the database, external backups provide resiliency and benefits such as the following.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide When you enable PITR, Data Director creates a baseline external backup. The default retention period is forever. You can change the baseline backup's retention period from the database Properties dialog box's Backup tab. Backup Template Settings Data Director backup templates contain backup settings that use a combination of methods to safeguard data, provide consistent database backups, and enforce limits on resource consumption.
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR) Settings Enabled or disabled Enable point-in-time recovery to continuously record each change to the database in a write-ahead log (WAL) while the database is running. In the event of a failure, you can replay the WAL to restore the database to its state at a point in time within the retention period of the database backups.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n Create Snapshots n Create External Backups Procedure 1 Navigate to your database's Properties window. a In your organization, click the Manage & Monitor tab. b Select your database group, and click the down arrow to display the list of databases. c Right-click your database name and select Properties. 2 Click the Backup tab, and click Edit. 3 Click the name of the backup template to associate it with your database.
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data 4 c (Optional) Enable or disable point-in-time recovery. d (Optional) Specify a backup label. Review your backup settings and click OK to confirm. What to do next To view a list of backups and the status of each backup, open the database by double-clicking the database name in the Manage & Monitor tab. Click the Backup & Recovery tab in the middle pane. The list of database backups appears in the Backup List section.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 5 Click OK to start the snapshot process. The database is unavailable while the snapshot operation is in progress. Data Director takes a snapshot backup of your database. Recover a Database from Backup Your ability to recover databases depends on scheduling regular backups. You can recover databases from backups taken using Data Director or from external backups taken using utilities such as VMware Virtual Data Recovery (VDR).
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data You can use the import database backup feature with a VMware backup solution such as VDR to implement an extended backup and restore solution. See “Use VMware Data Recovery to Back Up Data Director,” on page 158. Prerequisites Log in to Data Director as a user with the appropriate privileges.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Use VMware Data Recovery to Back Up Data Director Data Director installs on VMware vSphere as a virtual appliance. You can use any VMware virtual machine backup technology to assure recovery of your Data Director virtual appliance in case of catastrophic failure. One of the choices for backups is the extended backup process supported by the VMware Data Recovery (VDR) appliance. The Data Director virtual appliance consists of two virtual machines.
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data 4 Select a backup storage location for your backup from the list of storage devices and click Next 5 In the calender, select or deselect days and hours during which the backup can run and click Next. 6 Select the retention period for the backup and click Next. 7 Review the backup settings and click Finish to start the backup. The backup begins. The process can take some time to complete.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Database End of Life and Backups When you decommission and delete a database, you decide whether to retain its backup files. The decision is based on your site's policies and whether you might need the database in the future. When you delete a database, you can retain all external backups. The backups expire at the end of the normal retention period.
Chapter 12 Safeguarding Data Add Pre-Action and Post-Action Scripts to the DBVM for Selected Agents You can add pre-action and post-action scripts in the DBVM for selected agents (APIs). You can create scripts to create, clone, and restore databases, and to take snapshots and create backups. The following types of scripts are supported. n Post-action scripts to create, clone, and restore databases. n Pre-action and post-action scripts to take snapshots and create backups of databases.
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High Availability and Replication 13 Data Director provides High Availability (HA) functionality through vSphere and uses vSphere HA and vSphere DRS functionality. Replication, which is the sharing of data between redundant resources to improve reliability, fault-tolerance, and accessibility, is available for vPostgres databases. 1 About High Availability in Data Director on page 163 Data Director provides High Availability (HA) functionality through vSphere, and uses vSphere HA and vSphere DRS.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide vPostgres Database Replication You can replicate vPostgres databases to improve reliability, fault tolerance, and accessibility if a database instance fails, or otherwise becomes unavailable. The vPostgres database within Data Director uses Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) to replicate data between master and slave instances.
Chapter 13 High Availability and Replication 3 Expand the Organization panel and select the vPostgres database group to which you want to add replication. 4 Right-click the vPostgres master database, and select Create Slave. 5 Complete the following information in the Create Slave wizard. Wizard page Action Creation Type Click Create new database. General Specify the database name, type, base database template, and database group from which to create the database.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Procedure 1 Log in to Data Director as a system administrator. 2 Click the Organization tab, and click Manage and Monitor. 3 Expand the Organization panel and select the vPostgres database group whose slave instance you want to use as a failover database. The Replica Role column lists all master and slave database instances, and identifies which slave belongs to which master instance.
Monitoring the Data Director Environment 14 System administrators can examine resource usage, monitor events and alarms, view and download reports about their environment, and create diagnostic packages for individual databases and for the system itself. Organization administrators can examine resource use for the different database groups and databases, and can view and monitor events and alarms for their organization.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 3 Explore the Filter box in the upper right. a Type a search keyword to search the current items. The search result includes the currently displayed items and the list of available items. 4 5 b To select the columns to filter on, click the down-triangle.. c Clear the boxes for columns that you do not want to search, and click OK. To view a panel, select an action.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment System Settings Tab In the System Settings tab, system administrators can create a diagnostic package for one or more databases and for the system itself. Diagnostics packages provide valuable information for VMware Support. Tasks and Alarms Side Bar The tasks and alarms side bar, in the right panel of the main page by default, displays recent tasks and alarms. The Manage & Monitor tab includes more details about tasks and alarms.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide What to do next Customize the dashboard to meet your needs. Explore Monitoring Customizations for System Administrators Explore monitoring customizations to learn about available options. You can then customize the Manage and Monitor tab. The system administrator Manage and Monitor tab differs from the organization administrator Manage and Monitor tab.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment 6 Use the filter options to customize what the system displays. The customization steps depend on the report type. Report type Action Summary Report a b c d e f Time Interval Reports a b c d e f g h 7 Select Resource bundle or Organization from the Type drop-down menu and click Choose. Select a resource bundle or organization. By default, all objects are selected. Select a time range, or click Customize to configure a custom time range.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 4 To download the package, select Download from the Actions menu, and specify the download location. 5 To delete a package, right-click the package and select Delete. What to do next Send the diagnostic package to VMware Support for analysis. Understanding Cluster Alarms The vSphere Cluster on which Data Director is installed must meet several configuration requirements.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment When you select an item in the hierarchy, the right panel displays information about it if you have permission to view the information. Organization administrators use the following tabs and panels to monitor the organization. Dashboard Tab In the Dashboard tab, you can customize resource usage information displayed, close any of the panels, and click Customize to include the panel in the dashboard again.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Explore Organization Administrator Dashboard Exploring organization administrator dashboard customizations lets you see available options. You can customize the dashboard to suit your needs. The organization administrator dashboard differs from the system administrator dashboard. See “Explore System Dashboard Customizations,” on page 169 if you are a system administrator.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment 4 Click the Dashboard tab to display the Organization Resource Usage dashboard. You can customize the dashboard by clicking the Customize button, or customize individual panels on the dashboard. By default, the following information is included. 5 6 Panel Description Resource Bundles Displays the databases, associated resource bundles, currently allocated CPU and memory reservations, and currently allocated and free storage.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide e Click the Filter button to filter the report. f Click the Action icon to download the report. What to do next To monitor specific databases, see “Explore Database Monitoring,” on page 176. Explore Database Monitoring The main organization dashboard allows administrators and other privileged users to monitor the organization and its database groups. Administrators can also monitor databases from the Manage and Monitor tab.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment Working with Alarms Data Director displays system-defined alarms to system administrators and organization administrators. Data Director also allows administrators to create custom alarm ruless and to delete or disable alarm rules. Create a Custom Alarm Custom alarms allow you to display information in the Alarms panel or to send email if certain conditions are met. For each alarm, you can specify a name and description and a trigger.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide The alarm appears in the Alarms panel when it is triggered even if you leave Do nothing selected. If you select Send email, an email is sent. Example: Custom Alarm that Monitors Resource Bundles The following example illustrates how you can create a custom alarm that monitors resource bundles. The alarm sends an email when free space is below a certain threshold. Log in as the system administrator and 1 Select the System tab.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment Procedure 1 2 Open the Alarm Definitions table. n If you are a system administrator, click the Manage and Monitor tab, click Alarms, and click Definitions. n If you are an organization administrator, click the organization or click the resource group that you want to delete and alarm for, click the Alarms tab, and click Definitions. Disable or delete an alarm rule. n To delete an alarm, right-click that alarm and select Delete.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide At the highest level, you configure parameters to enable aurora_mon to start, stop, and monitor applications. You specify the start, stop, and monitor commands as shell scripts or operating system executable files that aurora_mon can invoke. Application developers can implement these commands according to the needs of their environment. Other parameters enable you to specify how often to monitor an application and what action to take.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment Table 14-2. Aurora_mon Parameters (Continued) Parameter Description app_stop_cmd (required) Command you use, such as any program, script, or executable file, to stop the application. You use this command typically during system shutdown or when restarting applications. The stop command is successful if it exits with a zero exit code.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Manage the aurora_mon Monitoring Agent You can stop, start, and verify the status of the aurora_mon monitoring agent. Prerequisites Refer to “aurora_mon Configuration Parameters,” on page 180 before modifying parameters. Procedure 1 In vSphere, navigate to the Data Director vApp. 2 Select the Management Server, and click the Console tab. 3 Press the Enter key on your keyboard to activate the console and log in as root.
Chapter 14 Monitoring the Data Director Environment name=management_server_data_disk_usage_80_perc descr=Data disk usage monitor (1st threshold) heartbeat_check_cmd=opt/aurora/ha/bin/mon_disk_space.sh -m /opt/aurora/data -t 80 heartbeat_period_300 heartbeat_fail_action=JUST ALERT heartbeat_ignore_fail_count=0 app_start_cmd=/bin/true app_stop_cmd=/bin/true app_priority=99 ~ ~ ~ "mon_data_disk_1st_thresh.conf" [readonly] 10L, 352C 5,2 6 ALL Change the value of a key-value pair.
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15 Managing Licenses Data Director offers evaluation and permanent product licenses. System administrators have fine-grained control of licenses and license assignment using the Data Director System Settings tab's Licensing pane.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide The following are the vFabric Postgres database usage types. vFabric Postgres NonProduction Use License For internal development, quality assurance, proof of concept, or other testing purposes. vFabric Postgres Production Use License Includes use of vFabric Postgres databases in any manner other than NonProduction Use. You can change the vFabric Postgres database usage type at any time.
Chapter 15 Managing Licenses The license management tasks that you can perform depend on your role. Table 15-3.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide n Restart database n Restore database n Start database You can upgrade evaluation licenses to permanent ones. When you purchase permanent licenses, VMware issues one permanent license key per SKU. As a Data Director system administrator, you add the permanent license key(s) in the Manage & Monitor tab's Licensing pane. See “Add License Keys,” on page 188. Adding permanent licenses upgrades your evaluation licenses to permanent ones.
Chapter 15 Managing Licenses 3 View the license information. User Description System administrator If you are a system administrator, view license information as follows. n Click the Licensing tab to view your product license and license key information. n Click the Usage tab to view database license usage. Other users If you are an organization administrator or a user with the View and Manage Licenses privilege, view license information as follows.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 3 In the Databases section, select the database that you want to change. You can select multiple databases to change their usage types in one operation. 4 Right-click, and select the usage type. 5 Click Yes to confirm the change. The updates appear in the Type column and the Summary pane.
IP Pool Management 16 Data Director supports DHCP and IP pool options for network configuration. An IP pool consists of blocks of IP addresses that Data Director can allocate to virtual machines on the Internal Network or DB Access Network. Data Director system administrators manage IP pools from the Network pane of the System Settings tab. Data Director networks are generally configured during installation.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 In the System Settings tab, expand Other Settings and select Network. 3 Click the IP Pool tab. 4 Click the plus (+) icon to start the Create IP Pool wizard. 5 In the Network page, select the ESXi cluster and network for the IP pool, and click Next. 6 In the Edit IP Pool page, enter the Netmask and Gateway IP addresses. 7 (Optional) In the Edit IP Pool page, enter the IP addresses for DNS servers 1 and 2.
Chapter 16 IP Pool Management 2 In the System Settings tab, expand Other Settings and select Network. 3 Click the IP Pool tab. 4 Right-click an IP pool and select Remove IP Pool. 5 At the prompt, click Yes. Data Director removes the IP pool. What to do next Restart the databases that were assigned to the deleted IP pool. VMware, Inc.
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VMware vCloud Director Integration 17 If vCloud Director integration is enabled for Data Director, Data Director system administrators can import vCloud Director organizations and their users into Data Director and allow operations on vCloud Director organizations through the Data Director user interface. If the System Health panel of your system dashboard shows vCloud Director Connectivity status, vCloud Director integration is enabled. Consider the following points.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Enable vCloud Director Integration in Setup Data Director system administrators can enable vCloud Director integration during system setup. Prerequisites n Verify that the Data Director vApp is deployed but not set up. n You must know the FQDN of the Management Server. n See the VMware vFrabric Data Director Installation Guide for information about the setup wizard.
Chapter 17 VMware vCloud Director Integration 6 Click OK. The vCloud Director Integration section of the General page indicates that vCloud Director is integrated. Edit or Disable vCloud Director Integration Data Director system administrators can edit vCloud Director integration information, or disable vCloud integration. Prerequisites vCloud Director integration is enabled. Procedure 1 In the System tab, select System Settings. 2 Select General.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 8 Click OK. The organization administrator user name appears in the Organization Administrators list. 9 198 Click OK to exit. VMware, Inc.
Reconfiguring Data Director Networks 18 During installation, you set up the networks that carry the different types of Data Director network traffic. Data Director has the following types of network traffic.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 Right-click the Data Director vApp and select Power Off. 3 Select Administration > vCenter Server Settings. 4 Click Runtime Settings. 5 Update the IP address in the Managed IP Address field. 6 Remove the vCenter Extension Service and add it back. 7 a Right-click the Management Server virtual machine, select Edit Settings, and click the vServices tab. b Select vCenter Extension Installation and click Edit. c Select .
Chapter 18 Reconfiguring Data Director Networks 6 d Change the settings for FQDN, static IP address, netmask, DNS Server 1, or DNS Server 2, as appropriate. e Click OK. Right-click the Management Server virtual machine, and select Power > Power On. What to do next Verify the settings from the Data Director UI. See “Verify Network Settings in Data Director,” on page 204.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 4 If necessary, enable or disable DHCP or Static IP for the network used as the vCenter network. a Click Edit. b Select or deselect the DHCPcheck box to enable or disable DHCP. If the vCenter network and the Web console network map to the same network, you cannot disable the existing IP allocation scheme (DHCP or static IP). You can enable a new IP allocation scheme for the network used as vCenter network.
Chapter 18 Reconfiguring Data Director Networks 6 To reconfigure the DB Name Service Network mapping, select the appropriate network mapping in the DB Name Service Network drop-down menu, and click Next. 7 Click Edit next to the network name to enable or disable DHCP or static IP on a network. 8 a Select the DHCP check box to enable DHCP. b Select the Static IP check box and enter a netmask to enable static IP. c Click OK.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 9 To modify the internal network adapter settings for the Management Server - Internal Network Adapter, or the DB Name Server - Internal Network Adapter, select one of the following options. Option Description DHCP Check the DHCP box to enable DHCP, and enter a FQDN. Satic IP Check the Static IP box to enable static IP addressing, and enter the IP address and an FQDN.
Chapter 18 Reconfiguring Data Director Networks 3 If the new vSphere network to be used as the database access network is not in the resource bundle used by the DBG, add the network to the Resource Bundle. a Click the System tab, and click Manage and Monitor. b Click Resource Bundles. c Right-click the resource bundle, and select Properties. d Click the Network tab, and click Edit. e Find the network to add to the resource bundle, and click DHCP or IP Pool.
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Managing SSL Keys and Certificates 19 Data Director enables the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol for all components, including the Management Server, the DB Name Server, and the DBVM. SSL secures both internal communications among components and communications from customers who access the database externally. By default, Data Director generates an SSL key and certificate for all components.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 3 Right-click Management Server and select Regenerate. A warning advises you that you must restart the Management Server to apply the new key after your regenerate it. 4 Click OK. Progress of the renewal of the automatically generated key and certificate for the Management Server, and of update tasks that distribute the Management Server root certificate authority (CA) to the DBVMs, appears in the right panel.
Chapter 19 Managing SSL Keys and Certificates Edit Management Server Certificate System administrators can edit a custom Management Server SSL key and certificate to replace the certiticate before it expires. Prerequisites Verify that a custom key and certificate is applied to the Management Server. Procedure 1 Click System Settings. 2 Expand Other Settings and click Security. 3 Under SSL Configuration, right-click Management Server and select Edit Certificate.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Import DB Name Server Key and Certificate System administrators can import a custom DB Name Server SSL key and certificate to replace the key and certificate automatically generated by Data Director. Prerequisites Verify that you have a custom SSL key and certificate available. Procedure 1 Click System Settings. 2 Expand Other Settings and click Security. 3 In the SSL Configuration section, right-click DB Name Server and select Import.
Chapter 19 Managing SSL Keys and Certificates 5 (Optional) Use the Upload, Delete, down, and up buttons to edit the certificate chain. 6 Click OK. Progress of the custom certificate configuration for the DB Name Server, and of tasks that distribute the DB Name Server root CA to the DBVMs, appears in the right panel. The new certificate is applied.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 6 Select a keystore type, and type a keystore password, a key alias, and a key password. 7 Click Browse and navigate to your custom keystore file. 8 Click Next and click the Custom Certificates tab. The text box shows the certificate chain imported from the key store for the selected key.
Data Director Troubleshooting 20 Troubleshooting information helps you when you encounter problems with your Data Director environment. See the Release Notes for discussions of known issues and for corresponding workarounds.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Disk Usage Exceeds Acceptable Levels A system alert notifies you that disk usage exceeds acceptable levels. Problem System alerts notify you that disk usage exceeds acceptable levels for the disk containing /opt/aurora/dbg. Cause Diagnostic support packages and system core files may be taking of storage space. Solution 1 In the vSphere client, open the console for the Management Server virtual machine, and navigate to /opt/aurora/dbg/core.
Chapter 20 Data Director Troubleshooting Cause Data Director includes only resource pools that are compatible with Data Director resource bundles. A resource pool must meet a set of criteria to be included in the list. If the criteria are not met, the resource pool is not included in the list of available resource pools. The resource pool must meet the following requirements: n Resource pool is not already in use by Data Director. n CPU limit and CPU reservation must be the same.
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide 2 If the problem still exists, manually restart the DBVM. a Right-click your database, and select Power > Stop. b Wait for the DBVM stop task to finish, and the database has a Stoppedstatus. c Right-click your database, and select Power > Start. NOTE Power > Start will not restart the DBVM. 3 If the problems still exists, update the DBVM key or certificate manually.
Chapter 20 Data Director Troubleshooting Unable to Import or Login Users of the Single Sign-On Service You are unable to add users of the Single Sign-On service to use Data Director, or users who were previously able to login in to Data Director using their Single Sign-On credentials no longer can. Problem You are unable to import users of the Single Sign-On service to use Data Director, or users who were previously able to login in to Data Director using their Single Sign-On credentials no longer can.
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Index A ACID properties 15 add catalog database 118 add custom IP whitelists 84 Add database owner account 123 add databases to the catalog 117 add IP pools 191 add organization administrator to vCloud Director organizations 197 add post-clone scripts 135 add pre-action and post-action scripts 161 add vCenter Single Sign-On service users 42 adding databases to organization catalogs 117 adding users 39 administer SQL 146 Administration tab 168, 172 alarms custom 177 database 125 delete 178 disabling 178 Ala
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide cluster alarms 172 cluster configuration 31, 172 configuration templates 91 configure auto-vacuum 143 configure clone options settings 132 configure clone settings 131 configure DB parameter group 93 configure Oracle update chain 75 configure tags for a clone 132 connect to VDR 158 constraint creation 145 convert base DBVM to base DB template 66, 72 create an empty DBVM 52 Create base database VM from template 71 create base DBVM 50 create check con
Index DB parameter group, configure 93 DBVM blank 45 building custom templates 56 DBVM OVA files, deploy 48 DBVM template 45 dedicated Oracle cluster 24 define custom IP whitelists 84 delete custom IP whitelists 84 delete IP pools 192 delete post-clone scripts 137 deleting alarms 178 deploy base database VM 53, 57, 64 deploy DBVM template OVA files 48 DHCP 20 diagnostic packages 168 diagnostics package 171 disabling alarms 178 disk configuration for DBVMs See also disk See also storage disk usage exceeds a
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide licenses, view usage information 189 lifecycle of database 99 Limit setting 24 linked clone 130 linked database clone 127 Linux, install on a blank virtual machine 54, 58 Linux ISO Image, repackage 53, 57 M Manage & Monitor 26, 28 Manage & Monitor tab 168, 170, 172 manage aurora_mon 182 manage database backup settings 124 manage database entities 141 manage database settings 122 manage DBVMs and base DB templates 45 manage SSL keys and certificates
Index recovery 149 refresh a cloned database 137 refresh cloned database, manually 138 refresh from an external database 116 regenerate DB Name Server SSL key and certificate 209 regenerate DBVM SSL key and certificate 211 regenerate management server SSL key and certificate 207 register vFabric Data Director with vCenter Single Sign-On 41 remove a database from the catalog 119 remove license keys 190 remove vCenter Single Sign-On registration 43 repackage custom kickstart file 53, 57 repackage Linux ISO I
VMware vFabric Data Director Administrator and User Guide Tasks side bar 167 template management privileges 37 templates database settings 93 resource settings 93 RHEL and Oracle Database 56 test network setup 204 troubleshooting 213 U uninstall vFabric Data Director, remove vCenter Single Sign-On registration 43 unregister users 43 update an Oracle database 70 update chain management 68 update database procedure 75, 121 update database version 123 update databases 120 update DBVMs 120 update mode 68 upgr
