vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide vRealize Operations Manager 6.3 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 2016 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright and trademark information. VMware, Inc. 3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.vmware.
Contents About Customization and Administration 7 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 9 Managing Users and Access Control in vRealize Operations Manager 10 Users of vRealize Operations Manager 10 Roles and Privileges in vRealize Operations Manager 13 User Scenario: Manage User Access Control 14 Configure a Single Sign-On Source in vRealize Operations Manager 17 Audit Users and the Environment in vRealize Operations Manager 20 Managing Custom Object Groups in VMware vRealize Opera
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Defining Compliance Standards 72 vRealize Operations Manager Compliance for vSphere 6.0 Objects 73 User Scenario: Ensure Compliance of Your vSphere 6.
Contents 5 OPS-CLI Command-Line Tool 141 dashboard Command Operations 142 template Command Operations 142 supermetric Command Operations 143 attribute Command Operations 144 reskind Command Operations for Object Types report Command Operations 144 view Command Operations 145 file Command Operations 145 Index VMware, Inc.
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About Customization and Administration The VMware vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide describes how to configure and monitor your environment. It shows you how to connect vRealize Operations Manager to external data sources and analyze the data collected from them, ensure that users and their supporting infrastructure are in place, configure resources to determine the behavior of your objects, and format the content that appears in vRealize Operations Manager.
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Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 1 As a system administrator, you must ensure that users and their supporting infrastructure are in place. You establish and maintain user access to your instance of vRealize Operations Manager, control user preferences, and manage settings for the email server.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Managing Users and Access Control in vRealize Operations Manager To ensure security of the objects in your vRealize Operations Manager instance, as a system administrator you can manage all aspects of user access control. You create user accounts, assign each user to be a member of one or more user groups, and assign roles to each user or user group to set their privileges.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager vCenter Server Users in vRealize Operations Manager vRealize Operations Manager supports vCenter Server users. To log in to vRealize Operations Manager, vCenter Server users must be valid users in vCenter Server.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Refreshing Permissions When you change permissions for a vCenter Server user in vCenter Server, the user must log out and log back in to vRealize Operations Manager to refresh the permissions and view the updated results in vRealize Operations Manager. Alternatively, the user can wait for vRealize Operations Manager to refresh. The permissions refresh at fixed intervals, as defined in the $ALIVE_BASE/user/conf/auth.properties file.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager n vRealize Operations General User Role 2 n vRealize Operations General User Role 3 n vRealize Operations General User Role 4 n vRealize Operations Power User Role n vRealize Operations Power User without Remediation Actions Role n vRealize Operations Read Only Role For more information about vCenter Server users, groups, and roles, see the vCenter Server documentation.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide GeneralUser-1 through GeneralUser-4 These predefined template roles are initially defined as ReadOnly roles. vCenter Server administrators can configure these roles to create combinations of roles to give users multiple types of privileges. Roles are synchronized to vCenter Server once during registration. AgentManager Users can deploy and configure Endpoint Operations Management agents.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager Prerequisites Verify that you understand the context of this scenario. See “User Scenario: Manage User Access Control,” on page 14. Procedure 1 In vRealize Operations Manager, select Administration in the left pane and click Access Control. 2 Click the Roles tab. 3 Click the Add icon on the toolbar to create a new role. The Create Role dialog box appears.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 Option Description Description (Optional). Type a description for this user. Disable this user Do not select this check box, because you want the user to be active for this scenario. Require password change at next login Do not select this check box, because you do not need to change the user's password for this scenario. Click Next. The list of user groups appears.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 4 Specify the options to import user accounts from an authorization source. a On the Import Users page, from the Import From drop-down menu, select an authentication source. b In the Domain Name drop-down menu, type the domain name from which you want to import users, and click Search. c Select the users you want to import, and click Next. d On the Groups tab, select the user group to which you want to add this user account.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 Option Action Host Enter the IP address or FQDN of the host machine where the single signon server resides. If you enter the FQDN of the host machine, verify that every non-remote collector node in the vRealize Operations Manager cluster can resolve the single sign-on host FQDN. Port Set the port to the single sign-on server listening port. By default, the port is set to 443.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 11 Familiarize yourself with single-sign on and confirm that you have configured the single sign-on source correctly. a Log out of vRealize Operations Manager. b Log in to the vSphere Web Client as one of the users in the user group you imported from the single sign-on server. c In a new browser tab, enter the IP address of your vRealize Operations Manager environment.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Audit Users and the Environment in vRealize Operations Manager At times you might need to provide documentation as evidence of the sequence of activities that took place in your vRealize Operations Manager environment. Auditing allows you to view the users, objects, and information that is collected.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager System Component Audit A system component audit report provides a version list of every component installed in the system. Where You Audit System Components To audit system components, select Administration, click Audit, and click the System Component Audit tab. A list of components installed in the environment appears on the page. Table 1‑1.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide When you create a custom group, and assign a policy to the group, vRealize Operations Manager can use the criteria defined in the applied policy to collect data from and analyze the objects in the group. vRealize Operations Manager reports on the status, problems, and recommendations for those objects based on the settings in the policy.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 2 On the Group Types toolbar, click the plus sign and type Service Level Capacity for the group type. Your group type appears in the list. 3 Select Environment, and click Custom Groups. A folder named Service Level Capacity appears in the list of custom groups in the navigation pane, and the Environment Overview displays the Groups tab. 4 To create a new object group, click the plus sign on the Groups toolbar.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 8 f From the Metric value drop-down menu, type 1000. g Click Preview to determine whether objects already match this criteria. Click OK to save your group. When you save your new dynamic group, the group appears in the Service Level Capacity folder, and in the list of groups on the Groups tab. 9 Wait five minutes for vRealize Operations Manager to collect data from the objects in your environment.
Chapter 1 Configuring Users and Groups in vRealize Operations Manager 4 Type a meaningful name such as Online Training Application in the Application text box. 5 For each of the Web, application, and database tiers listed, add the objects to the Tier Objects section. a Select a tier name. This is the tier that you populate. b To the left of the object row, select object tags to filter for objects that have that tag value.
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Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data 2 You format the content in vRealize Operations Manager to suit your information needs, using views, reports, dashboards and widgets. Views display data, based on an object type. You can select from various view types to see your data from a different perspective. Views are reusable components that you can include in reports and dashboards. Reports can contain predefined or custom views and dashboards in a specified order.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide User Scenario: Create and Configure Dashboards and Widgets As a virtual infrastructure administrator, you monitor your vCenter Server environment to detect problematic resources. You must identify the problems and take action. Prerequisites Verify that you have the necessary access rights to perform this task. Your vRealize Operations Manager administrator can tell you which actions you can perform.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data Option Action Self Provider Select On. n On. You define the objects for which data appears in the widget. n Off. You configure other widgets to provide the objects to the widget using the dashboard widget interactions options. Refresh interval value Retain the default 7 Click the Config tab. 8 In the Filter text box, enter vCenter Server. The filter limits the list to only vCenter Server instances.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 To locate specific widgets, use the Filter option in the widgets list. 5 Drag the widgets to the right panel. The widgets are added to the dashboard. Option Description Object List Shows a list of all defined resources. Metric Chart Shows a line chart with the recent performance of the selected metrics. Alert List Shows a list of alerts for the objects that the widget is configured to monitor.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data 5 From the Detailed Object Status dashboard widgets, select Metric Chart and Mashup Chart. The Dashboard Navigation icon ( ) appears in the top menu of the Environment Overview widget and leads to the Detailed Object Status dashboard. The Metric Chart and Mashup Chart update depending on the selected object in the Environment Overview widget.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Dashboards The Dashboard provides a quick overview of the performance and condition of your virtual infrastructure. vRealize Operations Manager Home Page vRealize Operations Manager collects performance data from monitored software and hardware resources in your enterprise and provides predictive analysis and real-time information about problems.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data Table 2‑2. Summary of Widgets (Continued) Widget Name Description Container Object List Shows a list of all defined resources and object types. Container Overview Shows the overall health and the health of each tier for one or more containers. Current Policy Shows the highest priority policy applied to a custom group. Data Collection Results Shows a list of all supported actions specific for a selected object.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 2‑2. Summary of Widgets (Continued) Widget Name Description Scoreboard Health Shows color-coded health or workload scores for selected resources. Sparkline Chart Shows graphs that contain metrics for an object . If all of the metrics in the Sparkline Chart widget are for an object that another widget provides, the object name appears at the top right of the widget.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data Add a Resource Interaction XML File A resource interaction file is a custom set of metrics that you want to display in widgets that support the option. You can configure one or more files that define different sets of metrics for particular object types so that the supported widgets are populated based the configured metrics and selected object type.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide In this example, the displayed data for the host system based on the specified metrics. 2 3 Save the XML file in one of the following directories base on the operating system of your vRealize Operations Manager instance. Operating System File Location vApp or Linux /usr/lib/vmware-vcops/tools/opscli Windows C:\vmware\vcenter-operations\vmware-vcops\tools\opscli Run the import command.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data User Scenario: Create, Run, Export, and Import a vRealize Operations Manager View for Tracking Virtual Machines As a virtual infrastructure administrator, you use vRealize Operations Manager to monitor several environments. You must know the number of virtual machines on each vCenter Server instance. You define a view to gather the information in a specific order and use it on all vRealize Operations Manager environments.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 6 Click Subjects to select the object type that applies to the view. a From the drop-down menu, select Host System. The Distribution view is visible at the object containers of the subjects that you specify during the view configuration. 7 Click Data and in the filter text box enter Total Number of VMs. 8 Select Summary > Total Number of VMs and double-click to add the metric.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data Import a vRealize Operations Manager View To use views from other vRealize Operations Manager environments, you import a content definition XML file. Prerequisites Verify that you have the necessary access rights to perform this task. Your vRealize Operations Manager administrator can tell you which actions you can perform. Procedure 1 In the left pane of vRealize Operations Manager, click the Content icon and click Views.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Using Reports A report is a scheduled snapshot of views and dashboards. You can create it to represent objects and metrics. It can contain table of contents, cover page, and footer. With the vRealize Operations Manager reporting functions, you can generate a report to capture details related to current or predicted resource needs. You can download the report in a PDF or CSV file format for future and offline needs.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data 2 On the Report Templates tab, click the plus sign to create a template. 3 Enter Virtual Machines Report, the name for the template. 4 Enter a meaningful description for the template. For example, A template for oversized and stressed virtual machines, and their memory use. 5 Click Views and Dashboards. On the Data type drop-down menu leave Views selected.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide What to do next Generate and download the report to verify the output. See “Generate a Report,” on page 42 Generate a Report To generate a report, you use the Virtual Machines Report template for a vCenter Server system that shows information for oversized and stressed virtual machines, and their memory use. Prerequisites Create a report template. See “Create a Report Template for Monitoring Virtual Machines,” on page 40.
Chapter 2 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Displays Your Data The date range for the generated report is based on the time when vRealize Operations Manager generates the report and not on the time when you schedule the report or when vRealize Operations Manager places the report in the queue. Prerequisites n Download the generated report to verify the output. See “Download a Report,” on page 42. n To enable sending email reports, you must have configured Outbound Alert Settings.
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Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 3 Configure the resources that determine the behavior of the objects in your vRealize Operations Manager environment. Use alert and symptom definitions with actionable recommendations to generate alerts that keep you aware of problems that occur on your objects.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Create Alert Definitions for vRealize Operations Manager (http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid2296383276001? bctid=ref:video_create_alerts_vrom) Symptoms in Alert Definitions Symptom definitions evaluate conditions in your environment that, if the conditions become true, trigger a symptom and can result in a generated alert.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment n Datacenter, Cluster, Host, Datastore Alert Definition Best Practices As you create alert definitions for your environment, apply consistent best practices so that you optimize alert behavior for your monitored objects.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide A gap occurs in a situation where the value is <=50% in one alert definition and >=75% in a second alert definition. The gap occurs because when the percentage of volumes with high use falls between 50 percent and 75 percent, the first problem cancels but the second does not generate an alert. This situation is problematic because no alert definitions are active to cover the gap.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Create an Alert Definition for Department Objects As a virtual infrastructure administrator, you are responsible for the virtual machines and hosts that the accounting department uses. You can create alerts to manage the accounting department objects. You received several complaints from your users about delays when they are using their accounting applications.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Add Description and Base Object to Alert Definition To create an alert to monitor the CPUs for the accounting department virtual machines and monitor host memory for the hosts on which they operate, you begin by describing the alert. When you name the alert definition and define alert impact information, you specify how the information about the alert appears in vRealize Operations Manager.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment What to do next Continue in the workspace, adding symptoms to your alert definition. See “Add a Virtual Machine CPU Usage Symptom to the Alert Definition,” on page 51.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide The dynamic symptom, which identifies when the usage is above the tracked trend, is added to the symptom list. 4 In the Alert Definition Workspace window, drag VM CPU Usage above trend from the symptom definition list to the symptom workspace on the right. The Child-Virtual Machine symptom set is added to the symptom workspace.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment g Leave the Wait Cycle and Cancel Cycle at the default values of 3. This Wait Cycle setting requires the symptom condition to be true for three collection cycles before the symptom is triggered. This wait avoids triggering the symptom when a short spike occurs in host memory usage. h Click Save.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 2 Click Add and select an action recommendation to resolve the virtual machine alerts. a 3 In the New Recommendation text box, enter a description of the action similar to Add CPUs to virtual machines. b From the Actions drop-down menu, select Set CPU Count for VM. c Click Save. Click Add and provide an instructive recommendation to resolve host memory problems similar to this example.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 6 From the Policy drop-down menu, select Default Policy. When you create a policy, you apply the new policy to the accounting group. 7 In the Define membership criteria area, from the Select the Object Type that matches the following criteria drop-down menu, expand vCenter Adapter, select Host System, and configure the dynamic group criteria. a From the criteria drop-down menu, select Relationship.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Create a Policy for the Accounting Alert To configure how vRealize Operations Manager evaluates the accounting alert definition in your environment, you configure a policy that determines behavior so that you can apply the policy to an object group. The policy limits the application of the alert definition to only the members of the selected object group.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment What to do next Create an email notification so that you learn about alerts even you when you are not actively monitoring vRealize Operations Manager. See “Configure Notifications for the Department Alert,” on page 57.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Create a Dashboard to Monitor Department Objects To monitor all the alerts related to the accounting department object group, you create a dashboard that includes the alert list and other widgets. The dashboard provides the alert data in a single location for all related objects.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment With the widget interaction configured in this way, the select alert in the Acct Dept Alert List is the source for the data in the other widgets. When you select an alert in the alert list, the Health, Risk, and Efficiency widgets display alerts for that object, Top Alerts displays the topic issues affecting the health of the object, and Alert Volume displays an alert trend chart. 7 Click Save.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Property Symptoms Property symptoms are based on the configuration properties that vRealize Operations Manager collects from the target objects in your environment. You define symptoms based on properties so that you can create alert definitions that let you know when changes to properties on your monitored objects can affect the behavior of the objects in your environment.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Metric Event Symptoms Metric event symptoms are based on events communicated from a monitored system where the selected metric violates a threshold in a specified manner. The external system manages the threshold, not vRealize Operations Manager.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide n Hyperlink to a Web site, runbook, wiki, or other source. n Action that makes a change on the target object. When you define an alert, provide as many relevant action recommendations as possible. If more than one recommendation is available, arrange them in priority order so that the solution with the lowest effect and highest effectiveness is listed first. If no action recommendation is available, add text recommendations.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Add Outbound Notification Plug-Ins in vRealize Operations Manager You add outbound plug-in instances so that you can notify users about alerts or capture alert data outside of vRealize Operations Manager. You can configure one or more instances of the same plug-in type if you need to direct alert information to multiple target systems. The Automated Action plug-in is enabled by default.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 Enter an Instance Name. This is the name that identifies this instance that you select when you later configure notification rules. 5 Configure the SMTP options appropriate for your environment. Option Description Use Secure Connection Enables secure communication encryption using SSL/TLS. If you select this option, you must select a method in the Secure Connection Type dropdown menu.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment "resourceKind":"sample-object-type", "alertName":"Invalid IP Address for connected Leaf Switch", "attributeKeyID":5325, "Efficiency":1.0, "adapterKind":"sample-adapter-type", "Health":1.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 5 Configure the Rest options appropriate for your environment. Option Description URL URL to which you are sending the alerts. The URL must support HTTPS. When an alert is sent to the REST Web server, the plug-in appends /{alertID} to the POST or PUT call. User Name User account on the target REST system. Password User account password. Content Type Specify the format for the alert output. application/json.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 6 To start the outbound alert service for this plug-in, select the instance in the list and click Enable on the toolbar. This instance of the log file plug-in is configured and running. What to do next When the plug-in is started, the alerts are logged in the file. Verify that the log files are created in the target directory as the alerts are generated, updated, or canceled.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Add an SNMP Trap Plug-In for vRealize Operations Manager Outbound Alerts You add an SNMP Trap plug-in when you want to configure vRealize Operations Manager to log alerts on an existing SNMP Trap server in your environment. All filtering of the alerts that are sent as SNMP traps must occur on the destination host. You cannot filter the alerts based on notification settings in vRealize Operations Manager.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Prerequisites n Verify that you configured the EMC Smarts solution. For documentation regarding EMC Smarts integration, see https://solutionexchange.vmware.com/store. n Ensure that you have the EMC Smarts Broker and Server Assurance Manager instance host name or IP address, user name, and password. Procedure 1 In the left pane of vRealize Operations Manager, click the Administration icon.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide What to do next In Smarts Service Assurance Manager, configure your Notification Log Console to filter the alerts from vRealize Operations Manager. To configure the filtering for Service Assurance Manager, see the EMC Smarts Service Assurance Manager documentation. Filtering Log File Outbound Messages With the TextFilter.xml File The log file outbound plug-in in vRealize Operations Manager captures alert data.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment User Scenario: Create a vRealize Operations Manager Email Alert Notification As a virtual infrastructure administrator, you need vRealize Operations Manager to send email notifications to your advanced network engineers when critical alerts are generated for mmbhost object, the host for many virtual machines that run transactional applications, where no one has yet taken ownership of the alert.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide User Scenario: Create a vRealize Operations Manager REST Alert Notification As a virtual infrastructure administrator, you need vRealize Operations Manager to send alerts in JSON or XML to a REST-enabled application that has REST Web service that accepts these messages. You want only alerts where the virtualization alerts that affect availability alert types go to this outside application.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment n Risk Profile 2 enforces a medium level of security for your environment, and includes fewer symptoms than Risk Profile 1. This profile is disabled by default. n Risk Profile 3 enforces a low level of security, and includes fewer symptoms than Risk Profile 2. This profile is disabled by default.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide User Scenario: Ensure Compliance of Your vSphere 6.0 Objects As the virtual infrastructure administrator for your company, you must ensure that your vSphere 6.0 objects comply with the compliance rules in the vSphere Hardening Guide. You use the compliance alerts in vRealize Operations Manager to monitor your objects for violations to your compliance standards.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment d In the filter text box in the Alert Definitions pane, enter hardening. Several alert definitions appear, which you use to enforce compliance on your objects. Each alert displays the number of symptoms and the object type to which the alert applies. You can see the alert definitions for risk profiles 1, 2, and 3, which you use to ensure high, medium, or low security on your virtual machines.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 76 Focus in on the alerts for the host in your production vCenter Server instance. a In the navigation pane, click Home and click the Recommendations tab. b In the pane titled Top Risk Alerts for Descendants, you see that the following alerts triggered.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment e For the first host listed, click View Details, and examine the violations on the Summary tab. f Examine the multiple compliance violations on the host, including SSH violations. By looking at the description of the SSH rule violations, you see that the rule applies to both vSphere 6.0 and 5.5 objects.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide You have ensured that the compliance rules, are enforced on the objects in your vCenter Server instances, according to the VMware vSphere Hardening Guide. What to do next To examine the compliance alert definitions for your other objects, click Content > Alert Definitions.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment c From the Alert Type and Subtype drop-down menu, expand Virtualization/Hypervisor and select Compliance. Any alert where you use the Compliance subtype is processed as a compliance standard. d Configure the Wait Cycle and Cancel Cycle with a value of 1. What to do next Add the symptoms that act as the compliance rules. See “Add Symptoms to the Host Compliance Standard,” on page 79.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Operational Policies Determine how to have vRealize Operations Manager monitor your objects, and how to notify you about problems that occur with those objects. vRealize Operations Manager Administrators assign policies to object groups and applications to support Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and business priorities.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Managing and Administering Policies for vRealize Operations Manager A policy is a set of rules that you define for vRealize Operations Manager to use to analyze and display information about the objects in your environment. You can create, modify, and administer policies to determine how vRealize Operations Manager displays data in dashboards, views, and reports.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 3‑3. Configurable Policy Rule Elements (Continued) Policy Rule Elements Thresholds, Settings, Definitions Capacity Remaining and Time Remaining Enable or disable the demand and allocation for memory, CPU, and disk space. Enable or disable the rates for network I/O and datastore I/O, and set the vSphere configuration limit.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment n If you are a Network Operations engineer, you must understand how policies affect the data that vRealize Operations Manager reports on objects, and which policies assigned to objects report alerts and issues. n If you are the person whose role is to recommend an initial setup for policies, you typically edit and configure the policies in vRealize Operations Manager.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide n How do you classify your logically defined workloads, such as production clusters, test or development clusters, and clusters used for batch workloads? Or, do you include all clusters in a single workload? n How do you capture peak use times or spikes in system activity? In some cases, you might need to reduce alerts so that they are meaningful when you apply policies.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Policies That vRealize Operations Manager Includes All policies exist under the Base Settings, because the data adapters and solutions installed in your vRealize Operations Manager instance provide a collective group of base settings that apply to all objects. In the policy navigation tree on the Policy Library tab, these settings are called Base Settings.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide User Scenario: Create a Custom Operational Policy for a vSphere Production Environment As a system administrator of vRealize Operations Manager, you are responsible for ensuring that the objects in your vSphere environment conform to specific policies. You must ensure that your objects have enough memory and CPU to support your Test, Development, and Production environments.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 3 Configure the Custom Policy Settings to Analyze and Report on vSphere Objects on page 90 You use different policy requirements for your Development, Test, and Production environments so that you can configure the specific policy settings for vRealize Operations Manager to analyze and report on your objects, including your virtual SQL Servers.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Procedure 1 Determine the operational requirements for your vSphere production environment. In this scenario, the following requirements will be applied to the environment. 2 Develop a plan to create a custom operational policy that meets the requirements to analyze and monitor the objects in your environment. a Ensure that virtual SQL Servers continuously have adequate memory and CPU capacity.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Procedure 1 In vRealize Operations Manager, select Administration > Policies. The Active Policies tab displays the current policies in effect. 2 Click the Policy Library tab, and click the plus sign to add a custom policy. 3 In the workspace navigation pane, click Getting Started and define the basic information for the policy. 4 a In the Name text box, enter vSphere Production Virtual SQL Servers.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Configure the Custom Policy Settings to Analyze and Report on vSphere Objects You use different policy requirements for your Development, Test, and Production environments so that you can configure the specific policy settings for vRealize Operations Manager to analyze and report on your objects, including your virtual SQL Servers.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 4 In the Symptom Definitions pane, modify the critical Co-Stop level for virtual machines so that vRealize Operations Manager triggers an alert based on the threshold level defined for this symptom. a In the Object Type drop-down menu, click vCenter Adapter and Virtual Machine. b In the Search text box, enter stop to display the symptom definitions that apply to the Co-Stop performance metric for virtual machines.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Prerequisites You configured the custom policy settings for your virtual SQL Server machines. See “Configure the Custom Policy Settings to Analyze and Report on vSphere Objects,” on page 90. Procedure 1 To create a group type for your virtual SQL Servers, click Content in the left pane, and click Group Types. 2 Click the plus sign to add a new object group type, and type vSphere Production Virtual Machines.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment User Scenario: Create an Operational Policy for Production vCenter Server Datastore Objects As a Virtual Infrastructure Administrator, you manage the policies used for vRealize Operations Manager to analyze objects in your environment, collect data from those objects, and display that data in dashboards, views, and reports.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 7 Apply Your Datastore Policy to Your Datastore Objects Group on page 98 Apply the policy to your new group of Datastore objects to have vRealize Operations Manager monitor them to ensure that the disk space levels of these objects adhere to the settings in your policies to support the service level agreements and business priorities that are established for your environment.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 3 From the Group Type drop-down menu, select your new group type. 4 From the Policy drop-down menu, select the Default Policy for now. To have vRealize Operations Manager identify new Datastore objects that are added to your environment, you select the Keep group membership up to date check box to make this group dynamic and keep it updated.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide What to do next Display and override the analysis settings for the Datastore objects that your new policy will monitor. Override the Analysis Settings for the Datastore Objects Display and override the analysis settings for the Datastore objects that your new policy will monitor.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Procedure 1 In the policy workspace, click Override Attributes. 2 From the Object Type drop-down menu, select vCenter Adapter > Datastore. vRealize Operations Manager filters the list and displays only the attributes that apply to Datastore objects. 3 Click the Attribute Type drop-down menu, select Property, and deselect the other attributes. 4 Enter space in the Search text box, and click the search button.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 7 To enable the critical, immediate, and warning symptom definitions for the space use on datastore objects, click Actions, and click Select All, then set the thresholds. Table 3‑5.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 3 4 5 6 Configure your new dashboard. a In the Dashboard Configuration pane of the New Dashboard workspace, enter the name Production Datastores for the new dashboard. b For Is default, select Yes. Add widgets to your new dashboard. a In the workspace, click Widget List. b From the list of widgets, click the Object List widget, and drag it to the right pane.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 8 Configure the Time Remaining widget. a On the Time Remaining widget, click the pencil. The Time Remaining widget displays the amount of time that remains until the object resources are consumed. b For Refresh Content, select On. The Time Remaining widget displays the amount of time that remains until the object resources are consumed. c For Refresh Interval, click the arrows and select 30 seconds. d For Self Provider, select On.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Using the Monitoring Policy Workspace to Create and Modify Operational Policies You can use the workflow in the monitoring policy workspace to create local policies quickly, and update the settings in existing policies. Select a base policy to use as the source for your local policy settings, and modify the thresholds and settings used for analysis and collection of data from groups of objects in your environment.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 8 Click Apply Policy to Groups, and in the workspace, select one or more groups to which the policy applies. VMware vRealize Operations Manager monitors the objects according to the settings in the policy that is applied to the object group, triggers alerts when thresholds are violated, and reports the results in the dashboards, views, and reports.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Super Metrics in vRealize Operations Manager The super metric is a mathematical formula that contains one or more metrics. It is a custom metric that you design and is useful when you need to track combinations of metrics, either from a single object or from multiple objects. If a single metric cannot tell you what you need to know about the behavior of your environment, you can define a super metric.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 3‑7. Looping Function Formats (Continued) Argument syntax example Description funct(${adapterkind=adaptkind, resourcekind=reskind, resourcename=resname, identifiers={id1=val1id2=val2,…}, metric=a| b:instance|c}) Returns a single data point of a particular metric for the resname specified in the argument. This super metric does not take values from the children or parents of the object.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Table 3‑8. Single Functions (Continued) Function Format Description sqrt sqrt(x) Square root of x. tan tan(x) Tangent of x. tanh tanh(x) Hyperbolic tangent of x. User Scenario: Formulate and Apply Your Super Metric As the system administrator for a Web-based business, you want to improve the customer experience by reducing the time it takes to check out with a purchase.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 3 Decide how to combine or compare the metrics. For example, to find the ratio of packets in to packets out, you must divide the two metrics. If you are tracking CPU usage for an object type, you might want to determine the average use, or you might want to determine what the highest or lowest use is for any object of that type. In more complex scenarios, you might need a formula that uses constants or trigonometric functions.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Prerequisites n Design your super metric formula. See “Design a Super Metric,” on page 105. n Create your super metric. See “Add Your Super Metric,” on page 106. Procedure 1 On the Manage Super Metric workspace, in the Adapter Type field of the Object Types pane, select vCenter Adapter. 2 From the list of object types that appear, select Host System.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Review Your Super Metric in Troubleshooting After you assign your super metric to an object type, you can monitor it on the Troubleshooting tab of the object type. Tracking a single super metric on one Troubleshooting tab is easier than tracking the metrics of separate objects on several Troubleshooting tabs.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Option Action To select an object type and attribute type as an argument for a looping function. Select an object type and double-click an attribute type. The database IDs of the object type and attribute type appear in the formula line. To shorten the Object Types list. Enter all or part of the adapter type in the Search text box and click the arrow next to the text box.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 3 Click Browse, select the super metric file to import, and click Open. After the import is finished, the super metric is listed. Customizing Icons Every object or adapter in your environment has an icon representation. You can customize how the icon appears. vRealize Operations Manager assigns a default icon to each object type and adapter type .
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 2 3 Assign the Adapter Type icon. a Select the adapter type in the list with the icon to change. b Click the Upload icon. c Browse to and select the file to use and click Done. (Optional) To return to the default icon, select the adapter type and click the Assign Default Icons icon. The original default icon appears.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 Option Description Adapter instance Select an adapter instance. Object type Select an object type. For an SNMP adapter, select an MIB file. vRealize Operations Manager uses the MIB file to determine what data is available on the switch. When you select the object type, the dialog box selections change to include information you provide so that vRealize Operations Manager can find and connect with the selected object type.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Predefined Object Tags vRealize Operations Manager includes several predefined object tags. It creates values for most of these tags and assigns objects to the values. For example, when you add an object, vRealize Operations Manager assigns it to the tag value for the collector it uses and the kind of object that it is. It creates tag values if they do not already exist.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Add an Object Tag and Assign Objects to the Tag An object tag is a type of information, and a tag value is an individual instance of that type of information. If the predefined object tags do not meet your needs, you can create your own object tags to categorize and manage objects in your environment. For example, you can add a tag for cloud objects and add tag values for different cloud names. Then you can assign objects to the cloud name.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment 4 Tag Value Selection Objects Displayed More than one value for the same tag The list includes objects that have either value. For example, if you select two values of the Object Types tag, such as Datacenter and Host System, the list shows objects that have either value. Values for two or more different tags The list includes only objects that have all of the selected values.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide 4 In the column to the right of the List column, expand the object tag and select a tag value that contains the child object to relate to the parent. 5 (Optional) If the list of objects is long, filter the list to find the child object or objects. 6 Option Action Navigate the object tag list for an object Expand the object tag in the pane to the right of the List column and select a tag value that contains the object.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Procedure 1 In the vRealize Operations Manager user interface, select the remote object to monitor. 2 On the details page for the object, select Monitor this Object Remotely from the Actions menu. 3 In the Monitor Remote Object dialog, select the Endpoint Operations Management agent that will remotely monitor the object from the Monitored From menu.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 3‑12. port Option (Continued) Option Information Value Notes The port on which the service listens. Parent Schema sockaddr Table 3‑13. sotimeout Option Option Information Value Description Socket Timeout (in seconds) Default 10 Optional true Type int Notes The maximum length of time the agent waits for a response to a request to the remote service. Parent Schema sockaddr Table 3‑14.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Table 3‑16. hostheader Option (Continued) Option Information Value Notes Use this option to set a Host HTTP header in the request. This is useful if you use name-based virtual hosting. Specify the host name of the Vhost's host, for example, blog.mypost.com. Parent Schema http Table 3‑17.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 3‑20. requestparams Option Option Information Value Description Request arguments. For example, arg0=val0, arg1=val1, and so on. Default N/A Optional true Type string Notes Request parameters added to the URL to be tested. Parent Schema http Table 3‑21.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment Table 3‑23. sotimeout Option (Continued) Option Information Value Notes The maximum period of time the agent waits for a response to a request to the remote service. Parent Schema netservices plug-in descriptor TCP Configuration Options Here are the options in the configuration schema to enable TCP checking. Table 3‑24.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Working with Agent Plug-ins Endpoint Operations Management agents include plug-ins that determine which objects to monitor, how they should be monitored, which metrics to collect, and so on. Some plug-ins are included in the default Endpoint Operations Managementagent installation, and other plug-ins might be added as part of any management pack solution that you install to extend the vRealize Operations Manager monitoring process.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment plugins.include Use this property to specify the plug-ins that the Endpoint Operations Management agent must load at startup. You supply a comma-separated list of plugins to include. For example, plugins.include=weblogic,apache. Understanding the Unsynchronized Agents Group An unsynchronized agent is an agent that is not synchronized with the vRealize Operations Manager server in terms of its plug-ins.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Configuring the Agent Log Name or Location Use these properties to change the name or location of the agent log file. agent.logDir You can add this property to the agent.properties file to specify the directory where the Endpoint Operations Management agent will write its log file. If you do not specify a fully qualified path, agent.logDir is evaluated relative to the agent installation directory. This property does not exist in the agent.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment agent.logLevel.SystemOut This property redirects System.out to agent.log. Commenting out this setting causes System.out to be directed to agent.log.startup. The default value is INFO. Configuring the Debug Level for an Agent Subsystem For troubleshooting purposes, you can increase the logging level for an individual agent subsystem.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide #Agent Configuration parser #log4j.logger.org.hyperic.hq.agent.AgentConfig=DEBUG #Agent plugins loader #log4j.logger.org.hyperic.util.PluginLoader=DEBUG #Agent Metrics Scheduler (Scheduling tasks definitions & executions) #log4j.logger.org.hyperic.hq.agent.server.session.AgentSynchronizer.SchedulerThread=DEBUG #Agent Plugin Managers #log4j.logger.org.hyperic.hq.product.MeasurementPluginManager=DEBUG #log4j.logger.org.hyperic.hq.product.
Chapter 3 Customizing How vRealize Operations Manager Monitors Your Environment List of Global Settings The global settings determine how vRealize Operations Manager retains data, keeps connection sessions open, and other settings. These are system settings that affect all users. Table 3‑27. Global Setting Default Values and Descriptions Setting Default Value Action History 90 days Number of days to retain the recent task data for actions.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 3‑27. Global Setting Default Values and Descriptions (Continued) Setting Default Value Dynamic Threshold Calculation enabled Determines whether to calculate normal levels of threshold violation for all objects.
Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager 4 vRealize Operations Manager provides features to help you perform maintenance, troubleshoot potential issues, and optimize your work with vRealize Operations Manager. The product includes cluster and node management options that let you work with the processing systems at the heart of vRealize Operations Manager.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 4‑1. Cluster and Node Maintenance Procedures Procedure Interface Description Change Cluster Status Administration/Product You can change the status of a node to online or offline. In a high availability (HA) cluster, taking the master or replica offline causes vRealize Operations Manager to run from the remaining node and for HA status to be degraded.
Chapter 4 Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager vRealize Operations Manager Logging When troubleshooting vRealize Operations Manager, you can open and review vRealize Operations Manager log files that are categorized by cluster node and functional area or log type. How vRealize Operations Manager Logs Work vRealize Operations Manager logs are categorized by cluster node, and functional area or log type.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Reset the vRealize Operations Manager Administrator Password on vApp or Linux Clusters If the admin account password is lost, you need to reset the password. When the vRealize Operations Manager password for the built-in admin account is lost, follow these steps to reset it on vApp or Linux clusters. Prerequisites This procedure requires root account credentials.
Chapter 4 Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager 3 In the list of cluster nodes, select the master node. 4 From the toolbar above the list, click the option to generate a passphrase. 5 Enter a number of hours before the passphrase expires. 6 Click Generate. A random alphanumeric string appears, which you can send to a user who needs to add a node. What to do next Have the user supply the passphrase when adding a node.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Backup and Restore Backup and restore your vRealize Operations Manager system on a regular basis to avoid downtime and data loss in case of a system failure. If your system does fail, you can restore the system to the last full or incremental backup. You can backup and restore vRealize Operations Manager single or multi-node clusters by using vSphere Data Protection or other backup tools.
Chapter 4 Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager Disable Quiescing Before you backup your vRealize Operations Manager multi-node cluster by using vSphere Data Protection, disable quiescing of the file system. Procedure 1 Log in to the ESXi host with an SSH session, and power off all nodes. 2 Navigate to the /vmfs/volumes/virtual_machine_datastore/ virtual_machine/ directory, and open the virtual_machine.vmx file for editing. 3 Set the disk.EnableUUID parameter to false.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide n Verify that the vSphere Data Protection appliance is installed on the vCenter Server instance where the vRealize Operations Manager cluster is deployed. n Verify that you have sufficient disk space available for your vSphere Data Protection instance. This depends on the size of the multi-node cluster that you want to back up.
Chapter 4 Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager n Use the vSphere Web Client to log in as an administrator to the vCenter Server instance that manages your environment. n In the vSphere Web Client verify that the virtual machines have the latest VMware Tools installed. Procedure 1 In the left pane of the vSphere Web Client, select vSphere Data Protection. 2 Select the preconfigured vSphere Data Protection appliance, and click Connect. 3 Click the Restore tab.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide vRealize Operations Analytics is running (32142). vRealize Operations Collector is running (32225). vRealize Operations API is running (32331). ui Role Enabled-true remote collector Role Enabled-false 3 Confirm that the admin, data, and ui roles are running. 4 Verify that all the nodes in the cluster are up and collecting data. If you have an HA-enabled cluster, verify that HA mode is enabled.
Chapter 4 Maintaining and Expanding vRealize Operations Manager 6 In the following configuration files, use a text editor to replace all instances of the old IP address with the new IP address. n /usr/lib/vmware-vcopssuite/utilities/sliceConfiguration/data/roleState.properties. n /usr/lib/vmware-vcops/user/conf/gemfire.properties. n /usr/lib/vmware-vcops/user/conf/gemfire.locator.properties. This configuration file only runs on the master node. Edit the locater parameter.
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OPS-CLI Command-Line Tool 5 The OPS-CLI tool is a Java application that you can use to manipulate the vRealize Operations Manager database. It replaces the VCOPS-CLI andDBCLI tools. The product includes the executable file in the tools directory or in /tools/opscli/. Operating System File Name Linux ops-cli.sh Windows ops-cli.bat Python ops-cli.py All OPS-CLI commands use the -h parameter for interactive and localized help. When you add the control command to the post_install.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide n view Command Operations on page 145 You use the view command to import, export, or delete view definitions. n file Command Operations on page 145 You use the file command to import, export, list or delete database files. The command operates on metric, text widget, and topology widget files.
Chapter 5 OPS-CLI Command-Line Tool Table 5‑2. template Command Operations Command Name Description Syntax template import Import a template from a file. template import -h | input-file [--force] [--share all|group-name[{,groupname}]] [--retry maxRetryMinutes] [--set rank] [-create] template export Export an existing template to a template file. template export -h | template-name [output-dir] template share Share an existing template with one or multiple user groups.
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide Table 5‑3. supermetric Command Operations (Continued) Comman d Name Description Syntax supermet ric configure Configure properties of a super metric in one or more super metrics packages.
Chapter 5 OPS-CLI Command-Line Tool view Command Operations You use the view command to import, export, or delete view definitions. The view command uses the following syntax. view -h | import|export|delete [parameters] Table 5‑5. view Command Operations Command Name Description Syntax view import Import a view definition from a file. view import -h | input-file [--force] view export Export one or more view definitions to a file.
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Index A access control privileges 10 user scenario create role and user account 14 user scenario import user account 16 actions alert definitions 61 overview list 61 adapters, icons 110 administer 7 administration admin password 132 change admin password 131 policies 81 agents configure logging 123 configure logging level 124 log files 123 logging 123 manage plug-ins 122 managing plug-ins 122 unsynchronized 123 alert compliance 72 compliance standard 78 outbound alert plug-in 63, 64, 66, 68 outbound settin
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide recommendation 79 symptom 79 compliance for vSphere 6.0 objects 73 compliance of vSphere 6.
Index N negated symptom, compliance standard 79 negative symptom 48 network share, outbound report plug-in 67 Network Share plug-in 62 node,passphrase 132 nodes 129 notification email 71 outbound alert 62, 71, 72 REST 72 notifications outbound alert plug-ins 63, 64, 66, 68 outbound alerts 70 outbound plug-ins 62 O object groups 21, 22, 80 object relationships 115 object tags adding 114 predefined 113 object type associate super metric 107 icons 110 objects adding 111 assigning tags 112 configuring relatio
vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Administration Guide generate 42 introduction 40 owner 39 schedule 42 template delete 42 edit 42 report command operations 144 reports 27 reset default content 73 Reset out-of-the-box content 133 reskind 144 reskind command operations 144 resource interaction mode, widget 35 resource behavior customize 45 ResourceKind 144 REST notification 72 outbound alert plug-in 64 REST Notification plug-in 62 restore, with vSphere data protection 136 restore a system to a r
Index access control create role and user account 14 access control import user account 16 create an operational policy for production datastore objects 93 create policy for vSphere production environment 86 users accounts 10 external 10 external sources 13 local 10 privileges 10 roles 10 vCenter Server 10, 11 Users, backward compatibility 12 workspaces, policies 101, 102 V vCenter Server users 10, 11 vCenter Server Users, backward compatibility 12 view create 37 delete 39 edit 39 export 38 import 39 own
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