SM8000 SERIES OPTICAL SWITCH USER’S MANUAL P/N: 82-0052-000 Released February 12, 2010 VXI Technology, Inc.
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VXI Technology, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Certification ......................................................................................................................................................6 Warranty ...........................................................................................................................................................6 Limitation of Warranty ........................................................................................................
VXI Technology, Inc. Control Modes ...........................................................................................................................................35 Uncalibrated Operation - Move-To-Absolute-Step ...................................................................................35 Calibrated Operation..................................................................................................................................35 BUSY Signal ....................................
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VXI Technology, Inc. CERTIFICATION VXI Technology, Inc. (VTI) certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. VTI further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards), to the extent allowed by that organization’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
VXI Technology, Inc. DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Declaration of Conformity According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN 45014 MANUFACTURER’S NAME VXI Technology, Inc. MANUFACTURER’S ADDRESS 2031 Main Street Irvine, California 92614-6509 PRODUCT NAME Optical Switch MODEL NUMBER(S) SM8000 PRODUCT OPTIONS All PRODUCT CONFIGURATIONS All VXI Technology, Inc.
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VXI Technology, Inc. GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Review the following safety precautions to avoid bodily injury and/or damage to the product. These precautions must be observed during all phases of operation or service of this product. Failure to comply with these precautions, or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual, violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the product. Service should only be performed by qualified personnel.
VXI Technology, Inc. WARNINGS (CONT.) Avoid Electric Shock To avoid electric shock or fire hazard, do not operate this product with the covers removed. Do not connect or disconnect any cable, probes, test leads, etc. while they are connected to a voltage source. Remove all power and unplug unit before performing any service. Service should only be performed by qualified personnel. Ground the Product This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the power cord.
VXI Technology, Inc. SUPPORT RESOURCES Support resources for this product are available on the Internet and at VTI Instruments customer support centers. VTI Instruments Corp. World Headquarters VTI Instruments Corp.
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VXI Technology, Inc. SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW The SM8000 series optical switching modules are members of the VXI Technology SMIP II™ family. They offer a modular design allowing custom switching configurations. Due to the nature of routing fiber optic cables and modules, the SM8000 series cannot be mixed in one base unit with other standard SMIP II products. They have their own single-slot or double-slot base units (SMIP II platform).
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8000 SERIES - OPTICAL SWITCH CONTROLLER The SM8000 high-density optical switch controller module is designed to handle many different combinations of optical switching modules. This includes up to 12 single mode prism switches, or 4 multi-switch modules of various configurations, or 4 variable attenuators or tunable filters. The optical modules may be mixed and matched on a single SM8000. Please contact VXI Technology, Inc. directly for available configurations.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8001 / SM8002 - MULTI-CHANNEL SWITCHES The SM8001 and SM8002 base units house the 1xN and 2xN multi-channel switches. They each hold up to four optical switch modules. Each switch module can be either a 1xN (where N ranges from 1 to 32) or a 2xN (where N ranges from 2 to 30). The SM8001 is a single-slot base unit, or platform, while the SM8002 is a double-slot base unit.
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VXI Technology, Inc. SM8001 / SM8002 MULTI SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS WAVELENGTH RANGE 780 – 1650 nm INSERTION LOSS2 0.6 dB typical, 1.2 dB maximum BACK REFLECTION Single-Mode Fiber3 Multi-Mode Fiber3 SWITCHING TIME4 -60 dB typical, - 55 dB maximum -20 dB typical 300 ms + 16 ms per channel maximum ISOLATION -80 dB maximum DURABILITY 10 million cycles minimum REPEATABILITY5 ±0.03 dB maximum PDL6 0.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8003 - PRISM SWITCHES The SM8003 is a single-slot Prism switch base unit. SPST, SPDT and Transfer switches can be mixed and matched within the same SM8003 base unit.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8003 PRISM SWITCH SPECIFICATIONS GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS WAVELENGTH RANGE 780 – 1570 nm INSERTION LOSS2 0.6 dB typical, 1.1 dB maximum BACK REFLECTION Single-Mode Multi-Mode CROSS-TALK - 55 dB maximum -20 dB typical -80 dB maximum DURABILITY 10 million cycles minimum 2 REPEATABILITY ±0.01 dB maximum PDL3 0.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8201 / SM8202 - OPTICAL ATTENUATORS The SM8201 and SM8202 are single-slot VXIbus modules. The SM8201 is a single-channel variable attenuator, and the SM8202 is a two-channel variable attenuator. SM8201 / SM8202 SPECIFICATIONS ATTENUATOR1 ATTENUATION RANGE2 Resolution Repeatability PDL3 Absolute accuracy INSERTION LOSS 0 – 30 dB 0.10 dB ±0.01 dB ±0.20 dB 0.10 dB 0.8 dB typical, 1.
VXI Technology, Inc. SECTION 2 PREPARATION FOR USE INTRODUCTION When the SMIP II is unpacked from its shipping carton, the contents should include the following items: (1) SMIP II VXIbus module (1) SM8000 Series Optical Switch User’s Manual (this manual) All components should be immediately inspected for damage upon receipt of the unit. Once the SMIP II is assessed to be in good condition, it may be installed into an appropriate Csize or D-size VXIbus chassis in any slot other than slot zero.
VXI Technology, Inc. SETTING THE LOGICAL ADDRESS The logical address of the SMIP II is set by two rotary switches located on the top edge of the interface card, near the backplane connectors. Each switch is labeled with positions 0 through F. The switch closer to the front panel of the module is the least significant bit (LSB or “Front”), and the switch located towards the back of the module is the most significant bit (MSB or “Back”).
VXI Technology, Inc. Example 2 200 / 16 LSB = 12 w/ 8 remaining Divide by 16. = 1100 1000 Convert to MSB and LSB. = C 8 Convert to hexadecimal. Set the back switch to C and the front switch to 8.
VXI Technology, Inc. OPTICAL CONNECTIONS The SM8000 series are all shipped with dust caps over each optical connector. These dust caps should remain in place at all times while the instrument is not in use. Cleaning Optical Connectors 1. Clean both connectors to remove any dirt or particles, which could decrease performance or permanently damage the connector. a) Using high-grade isopropyl alcohol (or equivalent) dampen a cotton swab and shake off any excess alcohol before cleaning.
VXI Technology, Inc. SECTION 3 OPERATION GENERAL DESCRIPTION SM8001 / SM8002 - Multi-Channel Switches The multi-channel optical switches are optical-mechanical switches that allow selection of an individual fiber channel by means of a high-resolution stepper motor. The stepper motor moves the common fiber into direct alignment with the output fiber. The switch module is optically passive, operating independently of data rate, data format, and optical signal direction.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8003 - Prism Switches The SPST switch provides channel control from one input fiber to one output fiber using a moving shutter between fixed collimators. The SPDT switch provides channel selection from one input fiber to two output fibers using a moving prism between fixed collimators. The Transfer switch provides channel selection from two input fibers to two output fibers using a moving prism between fixed collimators.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8201 / SM8202 - Optical Attenuators The Optical Attenuators are based on precise-resolution stepper motors, which mechanically position a beam block. See Figure 3-3 for the basic concepts. The attenuator stepper motor is attached to an off-axis cam. A pair of fiber collimators is positioned on either side of the cam, with a short open-air beam path between them. As the motor rotates, the cam is driven slowly into the beam path, attenuating the beam. See Figure 3-2.
VXI Technology, Inc. OPERATION SM8001 / SM8002 - Multi-Channel Switches When controlling multi-switch modules, the operation is quite similar to that of any other SMIP II family product, but the data sent is operated on a little bit differently. The SM8000 must be configured to control the multi-switch device on one of four ports. This is done at the factory with hardware selectable jumpers.
VXI Technology, Inc. 1 x N Switch Configuration 0 1 .. .
VXI Technology, Inc. Duplex 1 x N Switch Configuration 0 0 1 2 .. .
VXI Technology, Inc. 2 x N Blocking Switch Configuration -1 0 1 block 2 block 2 1 block 3 .. .
VXI Technology, Inc. 2 x N Non-Blocking Switch Configuration -1 0 2 1 .. .
VXI Technology, Inc. REGISTER WRITE BUSY 16ms 300ms OUTPUT FIGURE 3-8: MULTI-SWITCH TIMING Calculating Switching Time The time-period for switching a channel can be divided into three constituent periods. The first time-period ends when the BUSY signal goes high. For calculating switching time, however, only the last two periods are used. The second time-period starts when BUSY goes high and the switch armature begins to move.
VXI Technology, Inc. SM8003 - Prism Switches When controlling single mode prism switches the operation of the SM8000 is also similar to that of any other SMIP II family product. The switches are directly controlled by register writes to the Relay Register. See Writing to the Relay Register in the Programming section for a detailed explanation of this type of operation. Only relay register 00h is used to control the prism switches.
VXI Technology, Inc. Starting the Device The device resets upon application of power. The Optical Attenuators park at the minimum-loss position. Control Modes The Optical Attenuators can be operated in two modes: uncalibrated and calibrated. The uncalibrated mode is called Move-To-Absolute-Step mode. In this mode, the user sends movement requests to the internal stepping motor through the Move-To-Absolute-Step interface.
VXI Technology, Inc. BUSY Signal The BUSY bit is driven high by the device whenever a Set Attenuation command is received, or when a RESET signal is received. The BUSY signal remains high whenever a command is executed and the stepper motor is moving. During this time, no other commands should be sent to the device, as this may corrupt the internal state of the device requiring a RESET to clear.
VXI Technology, Inc. SECTION 4 PROGRAMMING REGISTER ACCESS The SMIP II optical modules are VXIbus register-based devices. Register-based programming is a series of reads and writes directly to the switch module registers. This eliminates the time for command parsing thus increasing speed. ADDRESSING The VTI switching modules utilize either the A24 or A32 space of the shared-memory architecture. To read or write to a module register, a register address needs to be specified.
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VXI Technology, Inc. SMIP II REGISTERS - A16 The following describes the registers shown in the SMIP II Register Map for A16 address space. ID Register – Read Only Plug-In LA+0x00 ADDR D11-D0 Manufacturer's ID D13-D12 Address Space D15-D14 Device Class ADDR Plug-In LA+0x00 VXI Technology, Inc., set to F4B16 A16/A24 = 002 A16/A32 = 012 Extended register based device, set to 012 Logical Address Register – Write Only Sets the new logical address in a dynamically configured module.
VXI Technology, Inc. Control Register – Write Only ADDR Plug-In LA+0x04 D15 A24/A32 Enable D14-D2 Reserved D1 Sysfail Inhibit D0 Reset ADDR Plug-In LA+0x06 1 = write a 1 to this bit to enable A24/A32 memory access 0 = to disable access Writes to these bits have no effect. Write a 1 to this bit to prevent the module from asserting the SYSFAIL* line.
VXI Technology, Inc. Interrupt Status Register – Read Only ADDR D15 D14 D13-D8 Plug-In LA+0x1A Scan Function done Openbus Active Event true The latest scan list update is complete. The Openbus was activated by one or more programmed inputs. See description of the Openbus in the module register section. D13 = Module 5, … and D8 = Module 0. Modules 0-5 Busy complete The programmed Busy signal from one of the modules has timed out.
VXI Technology, Inc. NVM Access Register – Read ADDR D15-D1 Plug-In LA+0x20 Unused All Bits are always 1. Reads back the serial data stream from the selected SMIP II board. Note that only one SMIP II board may be read back at a time. D0 NVM Access Register – Write ADDR D15-D7 Plug-In LA+0x20 Unused Data written to these bits have no effect. D6 Serial clock for module 5; should be a logic 1 when not used. D5 Serial clock for module 4; should be a logic 1 when not used.
VXI Technology, Inc. Trace RAM End High Register – Read and Write ADDR D15-D4 Plug-In LA+0x2C Unused D3-D0 Data written to these bits have no affect and read back as 1s. Sets the four most significant bits of the ending address of the Trace RAM, allowing the available RAM to be divided into multiple traces.
VXI Technology, Inc. Open Trigger Select Register – Write Only ADDR Plug-In LA+0x36 Sets the TTLTRIG line or lines, which are configures as outputs, and will toggle when Relay Open condition occurs in the module. D15 corresponds to TTLTRIG7, D14 to TTLTRIG6, … and D8 to TTLTRIG0. Setting a bit to a 1 enables the trigger line, setting a bit to 0 disables the corresponding line. All bits are set to 0s when either a soft or a hard reset is received by the module.
VXI Technology, Inc. Trace RAM Control Register – Read and Write ADDR Plug-In LA+0x3A D15-D10 Modules Installed D9-D4 Modules used in trace mode D3-D2 Unused D1 LOOP ENABLE D0 TRACE ENABLE D15 is for module 5 ... D10 is for module 0. Set to 0 if the module is installed or set to a 1 if not installed. These bits are set to 0 at power on. By setting a 1, the SMIP II Interface PCB will generate DTACK* for any read or write cycles to the memory space of the uninstalled plug-in modules.
VXI Technology, Inc. Trigger Advance Register – Write Only ADDR D15-D0 Plug-In LA+0x3E The act of writing to this location causes a Trace Advance event to occur in the module. The specific data written to these bits has no affect. Unused Board Busy Register – Read Only ADDR D15-D7 Plug-In LA+0x3E Unused D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 These bits always read back as 1s. Indicates whether the SMIP platform is a single or double-slot.
VXI Technology, Inc. 1MB RAM 1M Memory Allocated to Store Module Settings VXI Configuration Space 2MB of A24 or A32 Address Space reserved for VTI SMIP module (assigned by the controller). 1MB RAM Unused 1M Memory Allocated for Configuration/ Relay Registers Module 0 Config.
VXI Technology, Inc. MODULE REGISTERS - SM8000 SERIES CONTROLLER - A24 / A32 - EXTENDED MEMORY This module is assigned 1 k (1024) bytes of memory as shown in the SMIP II Configuration/Relay Register Map for A24/A32 address space. The upper 512 bytes of memory space are unused. The lower 512 bytes of memory are split in half, and form the standard module configuration and relay registers. The following describes these registers.
VXI Technology, Inc. Control Register (cont.) 0 = BBM/MBB operation on this plug-in module is disabled 1 = BBM/MBB operation on this plug-in module is enabled Pon state = 0 If this bit is set, the relays on this module will be sequenced to effect proper BBM or MBB operation. If this bit is not set, the plug-in module will process the newly written relay data as immediate data, writing it directly to the relay driver ports. No BBM or MBB sequencing will take place.
VXI Technology, Inc. Control Register (cont.) D3 Relay Reset Select Bit 0 = The Openbus signal is not selected to reset this module's relays 1 = The Openbus signal is selected to reset this module's relays Pon state = 0 Many plug-in modules may be programmed to be listeners on the Openbus. D2-D0 Unused ADDR Plug-In LA+0x102 Delay Register - Read and Write This register is used to set the time that the plug-in module will hold the Board Busy signal active.
VXI Technology, Inc. Status Register – Read Only ADDR D15-D13 D12-D8 D7-D4 D3-D0 Plug-In LA+0x104 Hardware Revision Code Unused Optical Module Access Fail Bits Optical Module Error Bits 0 = Indicates that optical module 3 thru 0, respectively, have not detected a communications error. This is the normal quiescent state. 1 = Indicates that the optical module indicated has detected a communications error, and may or may not have processed the last command sent to it.
VXI Technology, Inc. Command Register – Write Only ADDR D15-D12 Plug-In LA+0x106 Read Byte Count This nibble holds the number of bytes that are to be read back from the optical module. The value loaded into this nibble is dependent on the command that is required to execute in the lower byte of this register. See the Optical Attenuator Operation section of the manual for the specific number of data bytes to be read back for each command. The count range is 0 to 7 bytes.
VXI Technology, Inc. Address Register – Write Only ADDR D15-D7 Plug-In LA+0x108 Unused This Address Byte is sent to the optical module being addressed. See the Optical Attenuator Operation section of the manual for the operation of the Address register. D6-D0 Address Byte to Optical Module To operate the modules correctly, the SM8000 must be loaded with a valid Address in the Address Register.
VXI Technology, Inc. DEVICE MEMORY MODULE RELAY CONTROL ADDRESS - SM8000 SERIES OPTICAL SWITCH CONTROLLER The SM8000 SMIP II plug-in module is assigned 1 k (1024) bytes of memory as shown in the SMIP II Configuration/Relay Register Map for A24/A32 address space as shown below. The lower 512 bytes of each module's memory are used for optical switch and optical module control.
VXI Technology, Inc. WRITING TO THE RELAY REGISTERS If the SM8000 is used to drive single-mode prism switches, in either latching or non-latching configurations, setting the switches is accomplished through writing to the Relay Register located at Relay Register Offset H0000. Each bit, of this 16-bit register, represents the state of the relay (1 = closed, 0 = open). (Note that bits 15 through 12 are unused.
VXI Technology, Inc. Relay (Optical Module’s Data (Attenuation Level)) Register 02 thru 08 – Read and Write ADDR D15-D0 Plug-In LA+0x002 – 0x008 The SM8000 can alternatively drive up to 4 optical multi switch or attenuator modules. Module one is addressed by writing a 16-bit word to address LA+0x002; module two is controlled by writing to address LA+0x004 and so on.
VXI Technology, Inc. PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES TYPICAL OPTICAL MULTI-SWITCH CONTROL EXAMPLE The optical multi-switch modules are controlled via a 5-bit parallel port. To select the optical switch, the binary number corresponding to the switch is written to the SM8000 optical switch controller. The multi-switch modules may be located at register locations 02 through 08. The following sequence could be used to select switch number 5, on the multi-switch module located at register location 02: 1.
VXI Technology, Inc. TYPICAL OPTICAL ATTENUATOR CONTROL EXAMPLE The optical attenuator modules are controlled via an I2C bus interface. The bus protocol requires the transmission of the following: • • • • • a Module Address a Command Byte the number of bytes to send the number of bytes to receive the proper data byte(s) that are to be written to, or received from, the optical module (the command byte(s)). The following sequence should be used to control the modules: Write 1.
VXI Technology, Inc. Note To operate the modules correctly, the SM8000 must be loaded with a valid Address in the Address Register. The SM8000 is hard coded at the factory with the optical modules default address of 73 => 49h, and may be used to generate the address used in the command. This is the address of all attenuators as shipped from the factory.
VXI Technology, Inc. COMMAND REGISTER The following register addressing is based on the Phillips I2C specification. For more detailed information, please refer to Phillips document titled The I2C Bus and How To Use It. Bits 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D R R R D W W W C C C C C C C C Don’t Care D Number of data bytes to be read back from the optical module plus 1. Range: 8 to 0 decimal. Number of data bytes to be written to the optical module.
VXI Technology, Inc. COMMAND SET Table 4-2 lists the command set available for the SM8201 / SM8202 Optical Attenuator. The table lists the commands in alphabetical order. Detailed descriptions, listed in numeric order, follow the table.
VXI Technology, Inc. 30h Command Name Move to Absolute Step Command Format 30h HIGH_BYTE LOW_BYTE Description The Move to Absolute Step command sets the position of the stepper motor. The valid range is 0 - 3200, written in a 2-byte (16-bit) format. Example The following example converts a integer decimal step to a HIGH_BYTE-LOW_BYTE format: 1. 2485 = 0B1Dh Convert decimal step number to hexadecimal. 2. HIGH_BYTE = 0Bh LOW_BYTE = 1Dh Convert to HIGH_BYTE and LOW_BYTE format.
VXI Technology, Inc. 32h Command Name Reset Device Command Format 32h Description The Reset Device command returns the unit to a reset, or park position. This command functions the same as 96h and A2h. 35h Command Name Power Down Motor Command Format 35h Description The Power Down Motor command shuts off current to the stepper motor, which decreases current consumption to about 50 mA. After being powered down, the stepper motor will not hold its position.
VXI Technology, Inc. 6Ch Command Name Power Down Motor Command Format 6Ch Description This command functions the same as 35h and 43h. 80h Command Name Set Attenuation Command Format 80h HIGH_BYTE LOW_BYTE Description The Set Attenuation command sets the attenuation value using a 2-byte (16-bit) format. Example The following example translates a decimal attenuation value (dB) into the HIGH_BYTE-LOW_BYTE command input format: 64 1. 100 x 34.
VXI Technology, Inc. 81h Command Name Query Attenuation Command Format 81h Description The Query Attenuation command returns the current attenuation value as a 2-byte (16bit) value. Example The following example shows how to translate the HIGH_BYTE-LOW_BYTE returned value into a dB attenuation value: 1. 0Dh & 6Fh = 0D6Fh HIGH_BYTE and LOW_BYTE value to hexadecimal value. 2. 0D6Fh = 3439 Convert hexadecimal value to an integer decimal value. 3. 3439 / 100 = 34.
VXI Technology, Inc. 83h Command Name Query Maximum Attenuation Command Format 83h Description The Query Maximum Attenuation command returns the maximum attenuation setting in a 2-byte (16-bit) format. Example The following example shows how to translate the HIGH_BYTE-LOW_BYTE returned value into a dB attenuation value: 1. 0Dh & 6Fh = 0D6Fh HIGH_BYTE and LOW_BYTE value to hexadecimal value. 2. 0D6Fh = 3439 Convert hexadecimal value to an integer decimal value. 3. 3439 / 100 = 34.
VXI Technology, Inc. 8Ah Command Name Query Calibration Temperature Command Format 8Ah Description The Query Calibration Temperature command returns the calibration temperature value in a 1-byte (8-bit) format. The calibration temperature is an integer value. Example The following example translates the OUT_BYTE returned value into a decimal integer calibration temperature value (°C): 1. Convert to calibration temperature.
VXI Technology, Inc. 8Ch Command Name Query Firmware Revision Command Format 8Ch Description The Query Firmware Revision command returns the unit firmware revision in a 2-byte (16-bit) format. Example The following example shows how to translate the HIGH_BYTE-LOW_BYTE returned value into a two-place decimal firmware revision value: 1. 01h = 1 Convert the HIGH_BYTE into the major revision number. 2. 20h = 32 Convert the LOW_BYTE into the minor revision number. 3. version 1.
VXI Technology, Inc. 8Eh Command Name Query Calibration Table Entry Command Format 8Eh HIGH_BYTE LOW_BYTE Description The Query Calibration Table Entry command returns the calibration table entry (step position) for a given attenuation in a 2-byte (16-bit) format. The returned value is the absolute step position the stepper motor would move to in order to generate the given attenuation.
VXI Technology, Inc. 90h Command Name Set Address Command Format 90h HIGH_BYTE Description The Set Address command permanently sets the address to a one-byte (8-bit) value between 0 and 127 (the MSB of HIGH_BYTE must be zero). Note Example The following example translates an integer decimal address value into a HIGH_BYTE format: 1. 70 To operate the modules correctly, the SM8000 must be loaded with a valid Address in the Address Register.
VXI Technology, Inc. 96h Command Name Reset Device Command Format A2h Description This command functions the same as 32h and A2h. A2h Command Name Reset Device Command Format A2h Example This command functions the same as 32h and 96h.
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VXI Technology, Inc. INDEX A I A16 address space.............................................................39 A16 base address ..............................................................37 A16 offset register ............................................................37 A16 offset register address ...............................................37 A24 address space.............................................................37 A24 base address ........................................................
VXI Technology, Inc. T temperature range .............................................................10 test leads ...........................................................................10 trigger ...............................................................................45 V ventilation .........................................................................10 VXIbus .......................................................................21, 37 VXIbus Extended Device ............................
