Series 988 User’s Manual Includes 986, 987, 988 and 989 1/8 DIN Microprocessor-Based Temperature/Process Controller User Levels: • New User........................... go to Introduction • Experienced User................... go to page 4.1 Installers: • Set-up..................................... go to page 1.1 • Wiring & Installation................ go to page 2.1 96 TOTAL 3 Year Warranty ISO 9001 Registered Company Winona, Minnesota USA Watlow Controls 1241 Bundy Blvd., P.O.
a.TOC.wc 5/14/1999 8:57 AM Page 1 Table of Contents Introduction to the Watlow Series 988 Controllers ii Using this Manual ii Document Every Step iii Notes, Cautions and Warnings iii Technical Assistance iii We Value Your Feedback Chapter 1 Hardware Setup 1.1 Dip Switch Locations and Functions Chapter 2 Installation and Wiring 2.1 Panel Cutout and Dimensions 2.2 Installing the Series 988 2.4 Wiring the Series 988 2.4 Input-to-output Isolation 2.4 Power Wiring 2.5 Sensor Installation Guidelines 2.
C0-intro.wc 5/14/1999 8:57 AM Page i Introduction to the Watlow Series 988 Controllers Figure Int.1 The Series 988 Controllers. Watlow’s Series 988 controllers set a new standard in the controller industry by packing an impressive array of features into an 1/8-DIN package. No other controller offers the flexibility, compact size and durability of the Series 988.
C0-intro.wc 5/14/1999 8:57 AM Page ii Introduction Using this Manual This manual provides the information you will need to install and operate a Series 988 controller. If you need information about Series 988 configurations and model numbers, refer to the Appendix of this manual or, for more detailed information, to Optimizing Your Process System with the Series 988 Controller: An Application Guide for the Watlow Series 988 Family.
C0-intro.wc 5/14/1999 8:57 AM Page iii Introduction Notes, Cautions and Warnings We use note, caution and warning symbols throughout this book to draw your attention to important operational and safety information. A bold text “NOTE” marks a short message in the margin to alert you to an important detail. A bold text “CAUTION” safety alert appears with information that is important for protecting your equipment and performance.
C1.wc 5/14/1999 8:42 AM Page 1.1 Chapter 1 Hardware Setup DIP Switch Locations and Functions The Watlow Series 988 has at least one and as many as six dual in-line package (DIP) switches inside the controller, depending on the model number. They allow users to configure the controller for a variety of input sensors, to provide power for external signal conditioners or to lockout front panel access to some functions.
C1.wc 5/14/1999 8:42 AM Page 1.2 DIP Switches ˜ NOTE: The Input 2 DIP switch is mounted upside down. 1. Set the input DIP switches to match the sensors you are using in your application. Only controllers with model number 98_ _2_ _ _-_ _ _ _ or 98_ __2_ _-_ _ _ _ have an input DIP switch.
C1.wc 5/14/1999 8:42 AM Page 1.3 DIP Switches ˜ NOTE: For other voltages or current settings contact the factory. 2. Set DIP switches for outputs equipped with an external signal conditioner power supply. Only controllers with model number 98_ _-_ _ _T-_ _ _ _, 98_ _-_ _ _ _-T_ _ _ or 98_ _-_ _ _ _-_T_ _ have an external signal conditioner power supply.
C1.wc 5/14/1999 8:42 AM Page 1.4 DIP Switches ç CAUTION: The lockout DIP switch makes the Setup and Factory menus unavailable. Configure all the Setup and Factory menus before locking them out. Failure to do so could result in damage to equipment in the event of a setup error. 4. The lockout DIP switch hides the Setup Menus (Input, Output, Global and Communications) and the Factory Menus (Panel Lockout, Diagnostics and Calibration). All units have a lockout DIP switch.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.1 Chapter 2 Installation and Wiring ˜ WATL W 4.03" (102mm) NOTE: Space panel cutouts at least 1.66 inches (42.2mm) apart. PROCESS WATL W L1 L2 L3 4.03" (102mm) L4 DSPY 2.18" (55 mm) PROCESS DEV DISPLAY % OUT AUTO MAN ˜ MODE L1 L2 L3 DEV AUTO % OUT MAN SERIES 989 L4 MODE SERIES 988 NOTE: Adjustable mounting brackets can be side-mounted. 2.18" (55 mm) Adjustable Mounting Bracket Panel ˜ Panel Cutout Maximum Panel Thickness 0.38" (9.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.2 Installation Installing the Series 988 Installing and mounting requires access to the back of the panel. 1. Make a panel cutout using the panel cutout dimensions from the previous page. 2. To remove the controller chassis from its case, press in firmly on the two tabs on one side or the top of the bezel until they unsnap, then unsnap the two tabs on the opposite side or the bottom. Pull the chassis out of the case by gently rocking it.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.3 Installation the mounting collar over the back of the control. 4. Loosen the mounting bracket screws enough to allow for the mounting collar and panel thickness. Place each mounting bracket into the mounting slots (head of the screw facing the back of the controller). Push each bracket backward then down to secure it to the control case.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.4 Wiring Wiring the Series 988 ∫ WARNING: To avoid potential electric shock, use National Electric Code (NEC) safety practices when wiring and connecting this unit to a power source and to electrical sensors or peripheral devices. Failure to do so could result in injury or death. ˜ NOTE: Input-to-output isolation is defeated when the external signal conditioner power supply is used to power a transmitter connected to input 1 or input 2.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.5 Wiring Sensor Installation Guidelines ç CAUTION: The Series 988 will not function with two grounded thermocouple inputs. Avoid using a grounded thermocouple for both input 1 and input 2. Failure to follow this guideline could result in damage to equipment. NOTE: Input-to-output isolation is defeated when the external signal conditioner power supply is used to power a transmitter connected to input 1 or input 2.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.6 Wiring Example ∫ WARNING: To avoid potential electric shock, use National Electric Code (NEC) safety practices when wiring and connecting this unit to a power source and to electrical sensors or peripheral devices. Failure to do so could result in injury or death.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.7 Wiring Notes L1 L2 earth ground 11 21 power 22 ç WARNING: To avoid damage to property and equipment, and/or injury of loss of life, use National Electric Code (NEC) standard wiring practices to install and operate the Series 988. Failure to do so could result in such damage, and/or injury or death. ˜ NOTE: Sketch in your application on this page or a copy of it. See wiring examples in this chapter and in the Appendix. Figure 2.7 Wiring notes.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.8 Input 1 Wiring Figure 2.8a — Thermocouple ˜ NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2).
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.9 Input 2 Wiring Figure 2.9a — Thermocouple or 0-50mV (high impedance) Thermocouple only 98 _ _ - _ 1 _ _ - _ _ _ _ (no DIP switches) Universal signal conditioner O N ↑ 3 1 2 3 R, S, B DIP Settings J, K, T, N, C, E, D, Pt2, 0-50mV DIP Settings 19 + 20 0-50mV 19 + 20 - (2- or 3-wire) (100 Ω) Jumper #19 to #20 for 2-wire RTD Universal signal conditioner 98 _ _ - _ 2 _ _ - _ _ _ _ O N ↑ 1 2 3 DIP Switch Setting Î, Figure 2.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.10 Input 2 Wiring NOTE: See Chapter 8 for information on slidewire feedback. Figure 2.10a — Slidewire Feedback or Potentiometer Input 98 _ _ - _ 3 _ _ - _ _ _ _ 18 CCW 19 Wiper 20 CW ˜ NOTE: A process output cannot be installed on output 1 when using a current transformer input. Figure 2.10b — Current Transformer Input 98 _ _ - _ 4 _ _ - _ _ _ _ The current transformer must be purchased separately. Watlow current transformer part number 16-0246 (up to 50 amps).
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.11 Event Input 1 Wiring NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2). Figure 2.11a — Digital Event Input 1 Available on all units. OPTO ISOLATOR open 14-36VÎ (dc) Event Input 1 off closed 0-3VÎ (dc) Event Input 1 on 4.99KΩ .01µf 750Ω +24VÎ (dc) 23 + 10KΩ 24 - 4.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:44 AM Page 2.12 Output 1 Wiring NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2). Figure 2.12a — AC Outputs Solid-state Relay with Contact Suppression 98 _ _ - _ _ B _ - _ _ _ _ 0.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:45 AM Page 2.13 Output 2 Wiring Figure 2.13a — AC NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2). Outputs Solid-state Relay with Contact Suppression 98 _ _ - _ _ _ B - _ _ _ _ 0.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:45 AM Page 2.14 Output 3 Wiring NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2). Figure 2.14a — AC Outputs NOTE: Switching inductive loads (relay coils, solenoids, etc.) with the mechanical relay or solid state relay output options requires using an R.C. suppressor. Watlow carries the R.C.
C2.wc 5/14/1999 8:45 AM Page 2.15 Output 4 Wiring NOTE: Successful installation requires five steps: • Model number and software choice (Appendix); • DIP switch settings (Chapter 1); • Sensor match (Chapter 2 and Appendix); • Sensor installation (Chapter 2); and • Wiring (Chapter 2). Figure 2.15a — AC Outputs Solid-state Relay with Contact Suppression 98 _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ B _ _ 0.
C3.wc 5/14/1999 8:46 AM Page 3.1 Chapter 3 Front Panel and Display Loop Keys and Displays Upper Display Lower Display Indicates the actual process value, prompt parameter value or error code. Indicates the set point, deviation, percent power, temperature unit, menu prompt name or alarm code. WATL W DEV LED These LED’s indicate when output 1, 2, 3 or 4 are active.
C3.wc 5/14/1999 8:46 AM Page 3.2 Display Loop Display Loop ˜ NOTE: For information on input 1 [`In1] and input 2 [`In2] ranges, refer to Chapter 4. The Display Loop is the “home” state of the Series 988 controller. Pressing the Display key ∂ returns the controller to the Display Loop from any prompt in any menu. The controller automatically returns to the Display Loop from any menu when a minute passes without any keys being pressed.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.1 Chapter 4 The Setup Menus NOTE: When navigating through menus, outputs will be disabled. ˜ NOTE: Press the Display key ∂ to return to the Display Loop from any point in any menu. Navigating the Setup Menus To reach the Setup Menus, begin in the Display Loop and press both the Uparrow > and Down-arrow < keys for three seconds. The Setup Menu prompt [`SEt] will appear in the lower display, and the Input Menu prompt [InPt] will appear in the upper display.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.2 [Inpt] Setup-Input [`Set] Setup Prompt [`In1] Input 1 [deC1] *Decimal 1 [`rL1] Range Low 1 [`rH1] Range High 1 MODE Reaching the Input Menu Enter your settings, from the controller's upper display. MODE MODE MODE Input 1 (p. 4.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.3 Setup-Input Input Prompts ˜ NOTE: Decimal points may not always be in the position specified below depending on the the settings in the Decimal 1 [dEC1] and Decimal 2 [dEC2] parameters in the Input Menu. [`In1] When you are in the Setup menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [InPt], [OtPt], [GLbL] or [COM] ) in the upper display, and [`SEt] in the lower display. The Up-arrow > or Down-arrow key < selects another menu.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.4 Setup-Input If ↓ [`In1] Input 1 continued from previous page. Default ↓ Input 1 DIP O N ↑ 1 2 3 RTD RTD(0.1°) [`rtd] [`r†d] [`In1] [`In1] RTD Input 1 DIP O N ↑ 1 2 3 4-20mA 0-20mA 0-5VÎ 1-5VÎ [4-20] [0-20] [`0-5] [`1-5] [0-10] 0-10VÎ (dc) [`In1] [`In1] [`In1] [`In1] [`In1] process [dEC1] Decimal 1 Select the decimal point location for process type input 1 data.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.5 Setup-Input [`rL1] Range Low 1 and Range High 1 [`rH1] Select the low and high limits for input 1. These prompts limit the adjustment range for the set points. The default values are the same as the limits of the sensor you selected by setting the input 1 DIP switch and selecting a value for Input 1 [`In1]. ˜ • Process inputs are scaled by these values. Range high is the value displayed when the maximum process signal is present at the input.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.6 Setup-Input [`rL1] [`rH1] Range Low 1 and Range High 1 continued from previous page. ˜ NOTE: These values do not affect the low or the high set point limit for process alarms.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.7 Setup-Input [rtd1] RTD (100Ω) Calibration Curve 1 Select the calibration curve for the RTD 1 input. The RTD input uses either the European (DIN, 0.003850Ω/Ω/°C) or the Japanese (JIS, 0.003916Ω/Ω/°C) linearization standard. [rtd1] This prompt appears only if you have set [`In1] to [`rtd] or [`r†d]. Default ↓ [`din] … [`JIS] [rtd1] [Ftr1] [rtd1] Software Filter 1 Select the filter time constant, in seconds, for input 1.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.8 Setup-Input [Lin1] Linearization 1 Select square root linearization for input 1. [Lin1] This prompt appears only if you have set [`In1] to a process input or to a thermocouple set to [0-50]mV. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 8 for more information on input linearization. 4.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.9 Setup-Input [`In2] CAUTION: Changing the value of [`In2] changes most other prompts to the factory default values. Document all settings before changing sensor type. Verify the correct sensor type before making a change. Failure to follow this guideline could result in damage to equipment or property. Document all settings before changing sensor type. Input 2 Select sensor type for input 2. This selection must match the sensor type connected to terminals 18, 19 and 20.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.10 Setup-Input [`In2] Input 2 continued from previous page. If Default ↓ ↓ 98_ _-3_ _ _-_ _ _ _ no DIP resistance only slidewire potentiometer [``no] [SLid] [`POt] [``In2] [`In2] [`In2] 98_ _-4_ _ _-_ _ _ _ no DIP current transformer only current [``no] [SLid] [``In2] [`In2] 98_ _-5_ _ _-_ _ _ _ no DIP digital event only [`rSP] event 2 [``no] [`Ei2] [``In2] [`In2] Remote Set Point Enable a remote set point signal.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.11 Setup-Input [dEC2] Decimal 2 Select the decimal point location for process type input 2 data. This prompt, in conjunction with the Range Low and Range High prompts, allows you to format and limit units of measure for process 2. • All prompts with units of measure related to input 2 will display in the selected decimal format. • This affects propbands, alarm set points, process set points, calibration offsets, deadbands and ranges.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.12 Setup-Input [`rL2] [`rH2] Range Low 2 and Range High 2 continued from previous page.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.13 Setup-Input [LrnL] Learn Low Write the low-end resistance of the slidewire potentiometer to the range low 2 parameter. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 8 for more information on slidewire feedback. [LrnH] [LrnL] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with input 2 hardware and with Input 2 [`In2] set to [SLid] or [`POt]. Default ↓ [``no] [`YES] [LrnL] [LrnL] Learn High Write the high-end resistance of the slidewire potentiometer to the range low 2 parameter.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.14 Setup-Input [CAL2] Calibration Offset 2 Offset the input 2 signal by a positive or negative value. This allows you to compensate for lead resistance, sensor errors or other factors. [CAL2] This prompt appears only if the controller is equipped with input 2 hardware and if [`In2] is not set to [``no] or [`Ei2]. If ↓ [``°F] Minimum Default Max.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.15 Setup-Input [Ftr2] Software Filter 2 Select the filter time constant, in seconds, for input 2. This smooths a rapidly changing input signal for display or control purposes. • Select a positive value to filter only the display. • Select a negative value to filter the input signal. • Set the value to [```0] to disable the filter. [Ftr2] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with input 2 hardware and with [`In2] not set to [``no] or [`Ei2].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.16 Setup-Input [Hunt] Hunt Set the deadband, as a percentage of output, to keep the valve from hunting. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 8 for more information on slidewire feedback. • The slidewire hysteresis [SHYS] setting provides additional control over a valve. [Hunt] This prompt appears only if the controller is equipped with slidewire hardware (98_ _-_3_ _-_ _ _) and with [`In2] set to [SLid]. Default ↓ [``)3] … [``!0] … [10)0] [Hunt] 4.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.17 Setup-Input [SHYS] Slidewire Hysteresis Set the inner hysteresis, the point at which the valve output turns off. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 8 for more information on slidewire feedback. • The figure below illustrates the interaction between slidewire hysteresis [SHYS] and hunt [Hunt].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.18 [OtPt] Setup-Output [`set] Setup Prompt [`Ot1] Output 1 [Prc1] *Process 1 [HyS1} *Hysteresis 1 [`Ot2] *Output 2 [Prc2] *Process 2 Enter your settings, from the controller's upper display. MODE MODE Reaching the Output Menu Output 1 (p. 4.19) MODE MODE ❶ Begin in the Display Loop, and press the Up-arrow > and Downarrow < keys simultaneously for three seconds to reach the Setup Menus. MODE MODE [Hys2]x*Hysteresis 2 MODE Output 2 (p. 4.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.19 Setup-Output ˜ NOTE: Decimal points may not always be in the position specified below depending on the the settings in the Decimal 1 [deC1] and Decimal 2 [deC2] parameters in the Input Menu. [`Ot1] Output Prompts When you are in the Setup menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [InPt], [OtPt], [GLbL] or [COM] ) in the upper display, and [`SEt] in the lower display. The Up-arrow > or Down-arrow key < selects another menu.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.20 Setup-Output [Prc1] Process 1 Select the process range for output 1. [Prc1] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with output 1 process hardware (98_ _-_ _F_-_ _ _ _). Default ↓ [HYS1] 4-20mA 0-20mA 0-5VÎ 1-5VÎ 0-10VÎ (dc) [4-20] [0-20] [`0-5] [`1-5] [0-10] [Prc1] [Prc1] [Prc1] [Prc1] [Prc1] Hysteresis 1 Select the switching hysteresis for output 1.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.21 Setup-Output [`Ot2] Output 2 Set the way that output 2 will respond to a difference between the set point and an input variable. • [`AL2] de-energizes output 2 in an alarm condition. • [AL2n] energizes output 2 in an alarm condition. • [``Ht] select reverse action, so that output 2 responds when the input signal is less than the set point. • [``CL] select direct action, so that output 2 responds when the input signal is more than the set point.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.22 Setup-Output [HYS2] Hysteresis 2 Select the switching hysteresis for output 2. This determines the change in temperature or process units needed to turn the output from off to on. • If [`AL2] is set to [rAtE] settings for [HYS2] will be in degrees per minute or units per minute. • If the input referenced by [`AL2] is set to [`r†d] the range is affected as listed below.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.23 Setup-Output [`AL2] Alarm 2 Select the alarm type for alarm 2. Select the trigger points for the alarm with the [A2LO] and [A2HI] settings in the System Menu [`SYS]. • [`Pr1] uses the process signal from input 1. Changing the set point does not change the alarm response. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • [`dE1] uses a deviation from the input 1 signal. Changing the set point changes the alarm response.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.24 Setup-Output [LAt2] Latching 2 Select whether alarm 2 will be latching or non-latching. A latching alarm [`LAt] must be turned off manually. A non-latching alarm [`nLA] turns off when an alarm condition no longer exists. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. [SIL2] [LAt2] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with output 2 hardware and with [`Ot2] set to [`AL2] or [AL2n].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.25 Setup-Output [`Ot3] Output 3 Select the alarm condition for output 3. • [`AL3] de-energizes output 3 in an alarm condition. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • [AL3n] energizes output 3 in an alarm condition. [`Ot3] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with output 3 hardware for a relay (98_ _-_ _ _ _-B_ _ _, 98_ _-_ _ _ _-J_ _ _ or 98_ _-_ _ _ _-K_ _ _) or switched dc (98_ _-_ _ _ _-C_ _ _).
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.26 Setup-Output [A3Sd] Alarm 3 Side Select what triggers alarm 3. ˜ • [both] triggers an alarm when the signal ≤ [A3LO] or ≥ [A3HI]. NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • [HiGH] triggers an alarm when the signal ≥ [A3HI]. • [LOW] triggers an alarm when the signal ≤ [A3LO].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.27 Setup-Output [LAt3] ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. Latching 3 Select whether alarm 3 will be latching or non-latching. A latching alarm [`LAt] must be turned off manually. A non-latching alarm [`nLA] turns off when an alarm condition no longer exists.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.28 Setup-Output [`Ot4] Output 4 Select the alarm condition for output 4. ˜ • [`AL4] de-energizes output 4 in an alarm condition. NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • [AL4n] energizes output 4 in an alarm condition. [`Ot4] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with output 4 hardware for a relay (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_B_ _, 98_ _-_ _ _ _-_D_ _ , 98_ _-_ _ _ _-_E_ _ or 98_ _-_ _ _ _-_K_ _) or switched dc (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_C_ _).
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.29 Setup-Output [A4Sd] Alarm 4 Side Select what triggers alarm 4. • [both] triggers an alarm when the signal ≤ [A4LO] or ≥ [A4HI]. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • [HiGH] triggers an alarm when the signal ≥ [A4HI]. • [LOW] triggers an alarm when the signal ≤ [A4LO].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.30 Setup-Output [HYS4] Hysteresis 4 Select the switching hysteresis for alarm 4. This determines the change in temperature or process units needed to turn the output from off to on. • If [`AL4] is set to [rAtE] settings for [HYS4] will be in degrees per minute or units per minute. • If the input referenced by [`AL4] is set to [`r†d] the range is affected as listed below.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.31 Setup-Output [SIL4] Silencing 4 Select silencing to inhibit alarm 4 on startup and to allow the operator to reset the alarm output, not the visual display. ˜ NOTE: See Chapter 7 for more information on alarms. • Silencing disables the alarm until the signal is between [A4LO] and [A4HI].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.32 Setup-Output [Prc3] Process 3 Select the range for the retransmit signal at output 3. [Prc3] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with retransmit hardware (98_ _-_ _ _ _-M_ _ _ or 98_ _-_ _ _ _-N_ _ _) and with [Aout] not set to [``no]. Default ↓ [A`rL] 4-20mA 0-20mA 0-5VÎ 1-5VÎ 0-10VÎ (dc) [4-20] [0-20] [`0-5] [`1-5] [0-10] [Prc3] [Prc3] [Prc3] [Prc3] [Prc3] Retransmit Low Limit Select the low limit for the retransmit signal at output 3.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.33 Setup-Output [A`rH] Retransmit High Limit Select the high limit for the retransmit signal at output 3. • The default value is equal to [`rH1] or [`rH2] (in the Input Menu) depending on whether [Aout] is set to [Prc1] or [Prc2]. • The decimal precision of [ACAL] is determined by [dEC1] (Input Menu) if [Aout] is set to [Prc1] or [StPt]; it is determined by [dEC2] if [Aout] is set to [Prc2].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.35 Setup-Global ˜ NOTE: Decimal points may not always be in the position specified below depending on the the settings in the Decimal 1 [dEC1] and Decimal 2 [dEC2] parameters in the Input Menu. [`C_F] Global Prompts When you are in the Setup menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ([InPt], [OtPt], [GLbL] or [COM]) in the upper display, and [`SEt] in the lower display. The Up-arrow > or Down-arrow key < selects another menu.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.36 Setup-Global [`Err] Error Latching Select whether errors will be latching or non-latching. • Non-latching alarms [`nLA] turn off when there is no alarm condition. • Latching alarms [`LAt] must be turned off manually. [`Err] This prompt always appears. Default [CntL] ↓ [`nLA] [`LAt] [`Err] [`Err] Control Type Select a control method: normal [`nor]; cascade [CSCd]; ratio [rAti]; or differential [diFF].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.37 Setup-Global [CSAC] Cascade Action Select the control action between the inner and outer loop of a cascade system. • Direct action [`dir] makes the percent output from the outer loop directly proportional to the set point of the inner loop (input 2). A 100% signal in the outer loop will set the inner loop to range high 2 [`rH2] (Input Menu). A 0% signal in the outer loop will set the inner loop to range low 2 [`rL2] (Input Menu).
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.38 Setup-Global [ALGO] Algorithm Select the control algorithm. • [`Pid] selects one set of PID prompts. • [`Pdr] selects proportional/derivative control with manual reset in percent power. • [Pid2] selects two complete sets of PID prompts. This selection does not appear if [CntL] is set to [CSCd]. • [dUPL] selects duplex (heating and cooling) control. This prompt does not appear unless output 1 is a process output.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.39 Setup-Global [Proc] Crossover Process Value Select the process value at which the control algorithm will crossover between PID A and PID B. PID A is active below this value and PID B is active above this value. • This value cannot be set lower than range low 1 [`rL1] or higher than range high 1 [`rH1]. [Proc] This prompt appears only on controllers with [Pid2] set to [Proc].
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:48 AM Page 4.40 Setup-Global [`Ei1] Event Input 1 Select the effect of closing the event input 1 switch. • [``no] disables event input 1. • [`LOC] locks out the front panel keys. • [`ALr] resets an alarm. • [A-M] switches the controller to manual mode at the power level set at [FAIL] (Global Menu) and disables the Auto/Man åkey. • [`OFF] turns all control outputs off (de-energize relays). • [`Pid] switches from PID A to PID B.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.41 Setup-Global [Anun] Annunciator Select whether alarm messages will flash in the lower display. [Anun] This prompt always appears. Default [`LoP] ↓ [``on] [`OFF] [Anun] [Anun] Low Power Limit Select the low limit for the percent output. For cooling (direct acting) enter a negative number. [`LoP] This prompt always appears.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.42 Setup-Global [`HiP] High Power Limit Select the high limit for the percent output. For cooling (direct acting) enter a negative number. [`HiP] This prompt always appears.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.43 Setup-Global [``rP] Ramping Function Select when the controller will ramp. Ramping limits the speed at which an element can heat up. Ramping is often used to protect parts that would crack or warp if they heat up too quickly. • [`OFF] sets the system to heat as quickly as possible. • [Strt] sets the system to ramp only at startup. • [StPt] sets the system to ramp at startup and whenever the set point changes.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.44 Setup-Comm Reaching the Communications Menu ❶ Begin in the Display Loop, and press the Up-arrow > and Downarrow < keys simultaneously for three seconds to reach the Setup Menus. [COm] [`Set] Setup Prompt [BaUd] Baud Rate [Data] Data Bits and Parity [Prot] Protocol Type [addr] *Address [IntF] *Interface Type MODE Enter your settings, from the controller's upper display.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.45 Setup-Comm Communications Prompts When you are in the Setup menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [InPt], [OtPt], [GLbL] or [COM] ) in the upper display, and [`SEt] in the lower display. The Up-arrow > or Down-arrow key < selects another menu. Press the Mode key µ to display the first prompt in the lower display and its value in the upper display. Use the Up-arrow > and Down-arrow < keys to change the value in the upper display.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.46 Setup-Comm [Prot] Protocol Type Select the communications protocol. • [FULL] selects ANSI X3.28 2.2 - A.3. • [``on] selects Xon/Xoff. • [Mod] selects Modbus [Prot] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with communications hardware (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_R_ _, 98_ _-_ _ _ _-_U_ _ or 98_ _-_ _ _ __S_ _). [Addr] Default ↓ [FULL] [``On] [mod] [Prot] [Prot] [Prot] Address Select an address for the controller.
C4.wc 5/14/1999 8:49 AM Page 4.47 Setup-Comm [IntF] Interface Type Select the interface type for Output 4, Option S. • [`485] selects EIA/TIA-485. • [`422] selects EIA/TIA-422. [IntF] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with communications hardware for EIA/TIA-485 and EIA/TIA-422 (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_S_ _). [IntF] Default ↓ [`485] [`422] [IntF] [IntF] Interface Type Select the interface type for Output 4, Option U. • [`485] selects EIA/TIA-485. • [`232] selects EIA/TIA-232.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.1 Chapter 5 The Operation Menus Navigating the Operation Menus ˜ NOTE: Press the Display key ∂ to return to the Display Loop from any point in any menu. To reach the Operation Menus, begin in the Display Loop and press the Mode key µ. Depending on the controller configuration, either the Set Point 2 prompt [`SP2], the Idle Set Point prompt [IdSP] or the Operation Menu prompt [OPEr] will appear in the lower display.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.2 Operation-System Reaching the System Menu Enter your settings, from the controller's upper display. [`SP2] *Set Point 2 Set Points (p. 5.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.3 Operation-System ˜ NOTE: Decimal points may not always be in the position specified below depending on the the settings in the Decimal 1 [dEC1] and Decimal 2 [dEC2] parameters in the Input Menu. [`SP2] System Prompts After you step past the Set Point 2 prompt [`SP2] and the Idle Set Point prompt [IdSP] to the Operation menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [`SYS], [PidA] or [PidB] ) in the upper display and [OPEr] in the lower display.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.4 Operation-System [Ei1S] Event Input 1 Status Indicates whether the event input 1 circuit is open or closed (read only). [Ei1S] This prompt appears only if [`Ei1] (Global Menu) is set to something other than [``no]. [Ei2S] Default ↓ [OpEn] [CLOS] [Ei1S] [Ei1S] Event Input 2 Status Indicates whether the event input 2 circuit is open or closed (read only).
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.5 Operation-System [A2HI] Alarm 2 High Select the high trigger value for the output 2 alarm. [A2HI] This prompt appears only if [`AL2] (Output Menu) is set to something other than [``no].
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.6 Operation-System [A3HI] Alarm 3 High Select the high trigger value for the output 3 alarm. [A3HI] This prompt appears only if [`AL3] (Output Menu) is set to something other than [``no].
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.7 Operation-System [A4HI] Alarm 4 High Select the high trigger value for the output 4 alarm. [A4HI] This prompt appears only if [`AL4] (Output Menu) is set to something other than [``no].
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.8 Operation-System [`L-r] Local-remote Select a local or remote set point. With [```r] selected the controller displays the remote set point rather than the internal (local) set point, and the set point cannot be changed with the Up-arrow or Down-arrow key. [`L-r] This prompt appears only if [`rSP] (Input Menu) is set to [``On]. 5.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.9 Operation-PID A or B Reaching the PID Menus [PIDA] [Oper] MODE ❶ Begin in the Display Loop, and press the Mode key µ to reach the Set Point 2 prompt [`SP2], the Idle Set Point prompt [IdSP] or the System Menu [`SYS]. [````] [Pb1A] MODE [`988] MODE [`SP2] Set Point 2 MODE [`988] [IdSP] MODE MODE [`SyS] [OPEr] [PIDA] [OPEr] MODE [OPEr] PID A Menu p. 5.9 PID B Menu p. 5.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.10 Operation-PID A or B ˜ PID A or PID B Prompts NOTE: Decimal points may not always be in the position specified below depending on the the settings in the Decimal 1 [dEC1] and Decimal 2 [dEC2] parameters in the Input Menu. [Pb1A] [Pb1b] After you step past the Set Point 2 prompt [`SP2] and the Idle Set Point prompt [IdSP] to the Operation menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [`SYS], [PidA] or [Pidb] ) in the upper display and [OPEr] in the lower display.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.11 Operation-PID A or B [rE1A] [rE1b] Reset, Output 1A or 1B Tune reset to eliminate the offset or droop between the set point and the actual process temperature for PID output 1. When set to [```0] reset is disabled. [rE1A] This prompt appears only if [`dFL] (Calibration Menu) is set to [``US] and [Pb1A] is not set to [```0]. If ↓ Default ↓ [00)0] … [rE1A] [It1A] [It1b] ˜ NOTE: The PID B Menu appears only on controllers with enhanced software (98_B-_ _ _ _-_ _ _ _).
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.12 Operation-PID A or B [rA1A] [rA1b] Rate, Output 1A or 1B Adjust the rate to eliminate overshoot on startup or after the set point changes. The rate setting will not influence the percent power if the process temperature is more than twice the proportional band from the set point. When set to [```0] rate is disabled. [rA1A] This prompt appears only if [`dfL] (Calibration Menu) is set to [``US] and [Pb1A] is set higher than [```0].
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.13 Operation-PID A or B [Ct1A] [Ct1b] Cycle Time, Output 1A or 1B Select the time, in seconds, of a complete on/off cycle. [Ct1A] This prompt appears only if [`In1] (Input Menu) is not set to a process, [CntL] (Global Menu) is not set to [CSCd] and [Pb1A] is set higher than [```0].
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.14 Operation-PID A or B [rE2A] [rE2b] Reset, Output 2A or 2B Tune reset to eliminate the offset or droop between the set point and the actual process temperature for PID A output 2. When set to [```0] reset is disabled. [rE2A] This prompt appears only if [`dFL] (Calibration Menu) is set to [``US] and [Pb2A] is set higher than [```0]. If ↓ Default ↓ [00)0] … [99(9] [rE2A] [`Pdr] [ALG0] (Global Menu) [=0)0] %… [rE2A] repeats/min.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.15 Operation-PID A or B [rA2A] [rA2b] Rate, Output 2 Adjust the rate to eliminate overshoot on startup or after the set point changes. The rate setting will not influence the percent power if the process temperature is more than twice the proportional band from the set point. When set to [```0] rate is disabled. [rA2A] This prompt appears only if [`dFL] (Calibration Menu) is set to [``US] and [Pb2A] is set higher than [```0]. Default ↓ [`)00] … [`(99] min.
C5.wc 5/14/1999 8:51 AM Page 5.16 Operation-PID A or B [Ct2A] [Ct2b] Cycle Time, Output 2A or 2B Select the time, in seconds, of a complete on/off cycle. [Ct2A] This prompt appears only if [CntL] (Global Menu) is not set to [CSCd] and [Pb2A] is set higher than [```0].
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.1 Chapter 6 The Factory Menus Navigating the Factory Menus ˜ NOTE: The Factory Menus will not appear if the hardware lockout DIP is set to on. See Chapter 1 for more information. ˜ NOTE: The Factory Menus can only be entered when the setup prompt [`SEt] is displayed. ˜ NOTE: Press the Display key ∂ to return to the Display Loop from any point in any menu.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.3 Factory-Panel Lockout Panel Lockout Prompts When you are in the Factory menus, the Series 988 displays the menu selection ( [PLOC], [diAg] or [`CAL] ) in the upper display and [FctY] in the lower display. The Up-arrow > or Down-arrow key < selects another menu. Press the Mode key µ to display the first prompt in the lower display and its value in the upper display. Use the Up-arrow > and Down-arrow < keys to change the value in the upper display.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.4 Factory-Panel Lockout The prompts within the Panel Lockout Menu allow you to lockout an entire menu. You can set the level of lockout to none [nonE], read only [rEAd], or lockout read and write [FULL]. [`SYS] System Menu Select the lockout level for the System Menu. Set the System Menu lockout to no lockout [none], read only [read] or full lockout [FULL]. [`LOC] This prompt always appears.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.5 Factory-Panel Lockout [Inpt] Input Menu Select the lockout level for the Input Menu. Set the Input Menu lockout to no lockout [none], read only [read] or full lockout [FULL]. [InPt] This prompt always appears. [Otpt] Default ↓ [none] [read] [FULL] [Inpt] [InPt] [Inpt] Output Menu Select the lockout level for the Output Menu. Set the Output Menu lockout to no lockout [none], read only [read] or full lockout [FULL]. [OtPt] This prompt always appears.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.6 Factory-Panel Lockout [COM] Communications Menu Select the lockout level for the Communications Menu. Set the Communications Menu lockout to no lockout [none], read only [read] or full lockout [FULL]. [COM] This prompt appears only on controllers equipped with Communications hardware (98_ _ -_ _ _ _-_R_ _ or 98_ _ -_ _ _ _-_S_ _ ). Default ↓ [none] [read] [FULL] [COM] [COM] [COM] Diagnostics Menu [diag] Select the lockout level for the Diagnostics Menu.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.7 Factory-Diagnostics Reaching the Diagnostics Menu [Diag] [Fcty] MODE Factory Prompt ? [date] Factory Ship Date ❶ Press the Up-arrow > and Down-arrow < keys together and hold until the [`SEt] prompt appears in the lower display. Press and hold again until the [Fcty] prompt appears in the lower display. MODE Enter your settings, from the controller's upper display.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.8 Factory-Diagnostics [DAte] Factory Ship Date Shows the date that the final factory control test was performed. The first two digits represent the week as numbered from [01--] to [52--]. The second two digits represent the year [--94], [--95], etc… [dAtE] This prompt always appears. [sOft] Software Revision Shows the controller’s software revision code when set to [`yes].
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.9 Factory-Diagnostics [acnt] [`gnd] [cnt1] [cnt2] Factory Use Only [ity1] [ity2] Inputs 1 and 2 Module Types These prompts are used only at the factory. [Acnt] [`gnd] [cnt1] [cnt2] These prompts always appear. Displays which input module is installed in the controller. Please document this value before contacting the factory for technical assistance.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.10 Factory-Diagnostics [Oty1] [Oty2] [Oty3] [Oty4] Outputs 1, 2, 3 and 4 Module Types Display the controller’s output module. Please document this value before contacting the factory for technical assistance. Output Types • [none] no output module (A) • [SSr1] 0.5A solid-state relay (K) • [SS1S] 0.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.11 Factory-Diagnostics [disp] Test Displays Runs a brief test of the controller’s displays and LEDs. To run the test, scroll through the Diagnostics Menu until [disp] is shown in the lower display. Use the Up-arrow key > or Down-arrow key < to select [`YES] from the upper display and press the mode key µ. The controller will run pattern tests, blink all the LEDs on and off, and end with the model number in both displays. [diSP] This prompt always appears.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.12 Factory-Diagnostic [OPLP] Open Loop Checks the control loop, consisting of the controller output, power control, heater and sensor. With open loop enabled, the controller monitors the output power level and checks for a change in the process input value.
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.13 Factory-Calibration [`CAL] Reaching the Calibration Menu ? [A`50] ❶ Begin in the Display Loop, and press the Up-arrow > and Downarrow < key simultaneously for six seconds until the Setup Menu [`SEt], then the Factory Menu [fcty] appear. ❷ Use the Up-arrow key > or Downarrow key < to step through the Factory Menu to the Calibration Menu [`CAL].
C6.wc 5/14/1999 8:52 AM Page 6.14 Factory-Calibration [`rst] Restore Restores the original factory calibration values when set to [`YES]. This is a simple way to recover from a mistake made while calibrating the controller. [`rSt] This prompt always appears. [`dfl] Default ↓ [``no] [`yes] [`rSt] [`rSt] Default Set the operating parameter defaults to domestic or international measures.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.1 Chapter 7 Tuning, Manual Operation, Alarms and Error Codes Auto-tuning (Heat and/or Cool) The Series 988 can automatically tune the PID parameters to fit the characteristics of your particular thermal system. ˜ NOTE: A useful reference on tuning is Tuning of Industrial Control Systems by Arman-do B. Corripio, published by the Instrument Society of America. NOTE: Auto-tune can be initiated if [`rSp] is set to [``on].
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.2 Tuning When the control finishes “learning” the system, it resumes standard PID control using the PID values established by the auto-tuning process. Changing the set point during an auto-tune restarts the auto-tune procedure. ç CAUTION: If a mechanical relay or contactor is switching power to the load, a longer cycle time may be desirable to minimize wear on the mechanical components. The typical life of a mechanical relay is 100,000 cycles.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.3 Tuning 1. Apply power to the Series 988 and enter a set point. Begin with [``Pb] set to [```1]; [``rE] or [``It] set to [`0)0]; [``rA] or [``dE] set to [`0)0]; [``Ct] set to [``%0]; [`CAL] set to [```0]; and [`AUt] set to [`OFF]. 2. Proportional Band Adjustment: Gradually increase [``Pb] until the upper display process value stabilizes at a constant value. The process value will not be right on set point because the initial reset value is 0.00 repeats per minute.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.4 Auto/Man Manual and Automatic Operation To change from auto to manual operation, press the Auto/Man key å twice. ˜ NOTE: When a sensor opens, the controller switches from automatic to manual operation. Manual operation provides open-loop control of the outputs from a range of -100% to 100% output. The Series 988 allows a negative output value only when [`Ot1] or [`Ot2] (Output Menu) is set to [``CL] (cool). Automatic operation provides closed-loop on/off or PID control.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.5 Alarms Changing the Output 3 Alarm Jumper If you have model number 98 _ _ -_ _ _ _- J _ _ _ , output 3 can be configured as a Form A (NO and common contact) or Form B (NC and common contact) alarm. To change the alarm jumper: 1. Remove the control from the case. Release the two tabs on one side of the control, then release the two tabs on the opposite side. You may need to rock the bezel back and forth several times to release the chassis. 2.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.6 Alarms Using Alarms Output 2, 3, and 4 of the Series 988 can function as alarms. This is accomplished with the [`Ot2], [`Ot3] or [`Ot4] prompt (Output Menu). If [`AL2], [`AL3] or [`AL4] is selected, the output is energized in the nonalarm condition and de-energizes the output in the alarm condition. Selecting [AL2n], [AL3n] or [AL4n] reverses this action: de-energizing the output in a non-alarm condition and energizing it in an alarm condition.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.7 Alarms A rate alarm alerts the operator when the process monitored by input 1 is increasing at a rate higher than the alarm high setting ( [A2HI], [A3HI] or [A4HI] ) or decreasing at a rate lower than the alarm alarm low setting ( [A2LO], [A3LO] or [A4LO] ). The rate is sampled once a second. Alarms can be latching or non-latching. When the alarm condition is removed, a non-latching alarm automatically clears the alarm output and alarm message, if one is present.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.8 Error Codes Error Code E1 and E2 Messages ˜ NOTE: To view the error code press the Auto/Man key å once. The upper display shows the error code for five seconds before returning to the [----] display. Four dashes, [----], in the upper display indicate a Series 988 error. The control goes into the manual mode and maintains the percent output selected at the [FAIL] prompt (Global Menu). That value (percent of output) is shown in the lower display.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.9 Error Codes [`Er3]: Ambient temperature error The ambient temperature of the Series 988 has dropped below 32°F/0°C or risen above 149°F/65°C. Calibration errors can also cause this error code. Try setting [`rSt] (Calibration Menu) to [`yES]. (Read about Factory Calibration in Chapter 6.) [`Er4]: RAM verification error An internal RAM failure has occurred. Contact the factory. [`Er5]: Non-volatile checksum error An EEPROM checksum error was detected.
C7.wc 5/14/1999 8:54 AM Page 7.10 Error Codes To clear an error code… • If [`Err] is set to [`nLA], the error code should clear once the problem is corrected. • If [`Err] is set to [`LAt], correct the problem and cycle power. You can also clear the error by pressing both the Up-arrow > and Downarrow < keys to enter the Setup Menu, then press the Display key ¥.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.1 Chapter 8 General Software Burst Fire Communications Dead Band Digital Events Heater Current Input Filter Input Linearization Ramp to Set Point Remote Set Point Retransmit Slidewire Feedback General Software Features, Chapter 8 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.10 8.12 8.14 8.16 8.18 8.20 8.22 WATLOW Series 988 User’s Manual 8.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.2 General Software Burst Fire Requirements • This feature only works with zero-cross, solid-state devices. It will not function correctly with random-fire devices. ç CAUTION: The burst fire feature only functions with zerocross, solid-state devices. It will not function correctly with random-fire devices. Verify that the output switching device is compatible before selecting burst fire. Failure to follow this guideline could result in damage to equipment.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.3 General Software 100% output 66% output 10 on, 0 off 2 on, 1 off 50% output 10% output 1 on, 1 off 1 on, 9 off Figure 8.3a - Sine waves of burst fire settings. S e mic onduc t or O v e n input 1 WATL W output 1 PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 QPAC with QCD input limit limit sensor temperature sensor DISPLAY AUTO MAN heated platen MODE SERIES 988 Figure 8.3b Semiconductor oven with burst fire.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.4 General Software Communications Requirements Choose which interface your application will use: EIA/TIA-232 serial communications (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_R_ _), EIA/TIA-485 or EIA/TIA 232 serial communications (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_U_ _), or EIA/TIA-485 or EIA/TIA-422 serial communications (98_ _-_ _ _ _-_S_ _). The computer must have a compatible serial port or an appropriate converter must be used.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.6 General Software Dead Band Requirements The dead band feature is standard on any Series 988 controller with two control outputs. The dead band prompts will appear if the control outputs are configured for heat/cool or cool/heat. ç WARNING: If the dead band is set to a negative value, the heat and cool outputs can both be ON at the same time. 8.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.7 General Software cool set point 77° cooling action ( 2 = 77° [`dbA] cool set point ) 2° dead band no action 75° primary set point 75 + [`SP1] set point heating action Figure 8.7a Dead band graph. E nv ironme nt a l Cha mbe r input 1 WATL W output 1 output 2 PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 chiller limit temperature sensor limit sensor DISPLAY AUTO MAN MODE heater SERIES 988 Figure 8.7b Environmental chamber with dead band.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.8 General Software Digital Events Requirements A single digital event input is standard on all controls. A second digital input is available as an option for input 2 (98_ _-_5_ _-_ _ _ _). Overview The digital event input options on the Series 988 controller allow the operator to select one of several software functions with the close of a customer-supplied switch or by a change in dc voltage (See Chapter 2 for voltage and wiring information.).
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.9 General Software input 1 WATL W output 1 limit PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 temperature sensor limit sensor L4 DISPLAY heater AUTO MAN MODE SERIES 988 switch input 3 (event input 1) Figure 8.9 - Heater with digital event. Sample Application A manufacturing engineer is building an application that needs to switch to an idle temperature at the end of a batch and maintain that temperature until the next batch is loaded, with minimum operator interaction.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.10 General Software Heater Current Requirements Choose the heater current option (98_ _-_4_ _-_ _ _ _) for input 2 and an appropriate current transformer. A current transformer must be ordered separately. ˜ NOTE: To obtain a reading, the output ON-time must be a minimum of 0.3 seconds. ˜ NOTE: The heater current feature will not function with burstfire outputs. ˜ NOTE: The heater current feature will not function when the Series 988 has a process output for output 1.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.11 General Software input 1 WATL W output 1 input 2 L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 10A SSR SSR-240-10A-DC1 PROCESS Compre s s ion Molding P re s s limit current transformer L4 DISPLAY AUTO MAN MODE limit sensor SERIES 988 Figure 8.11 Compression molding press using the heater current feature. 10A heaters temperature sensor Sample Application The Series 988 controls the lower platen of a compression molding press that contains five, 10-ampere heaters.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.12 General Software Input Filter Requirements This feature is standard on all Series 988 controllers. NOTE: Use this feature with caution, because a large time constant could hide system upsets. 8.12 Overview In certain applications the process being measured can be unstable, which makes it difficult to control and also makes the constantly changing display difficult to read.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.13 General Software Display readings with input filter ON %RH %RH Display readings with input filter OFF time time Figure 8.13a Display readings with input filtering. Humidit y Cha mbe r input 1 WATL W output 1 PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 limit limit sensor L4 DISPLAY AUTO MAN heater MODE humitidy transmitter SERIES 988 Figure 8.13b Humidity chamber with input filtering. Sample Application A Series 988 controls the humidity in an environmental chamber.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.14 General Software Input Linearization Requirements The square root extraction feature is standard on any Series 988 controller with universal signal conditioner inputs. The linearization prompt will appear if a process input is selected with the DIP switches (see Chapter 1). Overview In many flow applications the output signal from a flow transmitter represents a squared value of the actual flow.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.15 General Software 16 O 14 O O 12 flow in gallons per minute linearized signal 10 O O 8 O O 6 4 2 0O 4 O O 6 O O O 8 Figure 8.15a Graph of linearized signal. O 10 O O O 12 14 non-linearized signal 16 18 20 4-20mA input signal input 1 WATL W output 1 PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 DISPLAY AUTO MAN MODE SERIES 988 Figure 8.15b Waste-water treatment with input linearization.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.16 General Software Ramp To Set Point Requirements This feature is standard on all units. Overview Ramp to set point enables the Series 988 to ramp the set point at a userdefined rate. This allows the controller to start up a system or change between set points at a rate that will not stress the product or system components. The ramp rate is defined in degrees per minute. Ramp to set point can be initiated at start up only, or at start up and also on any set point changes.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.17 General Software heaters input 1 WATL W output 1 PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 limit Muf f le Furna c e limit sensor temperature sensor DISPLAY AUTO MAN heaters MODE SERIES 988 Figure 8.17 Muffle furnace with ramp to set point. Sample Application An engineer needs to control the temperature of a muffle furnace. The furnace set point must be ramped up at a defined rate to prevent stressing the muffle and other system components.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.18 General Software Remote Set Point NOTE: Make sure all input and output impedances are compatible. NOTE: Input 1 and 2 are not isolated from each other. Requirements Input 2 must be either a thermocouple (98_ _-_1_ _-_ _ _ _ ) or universal signal conditioner (98_ _-_2_ _-_ _ _ _).
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.19 General Software zone 1 Ma s t e r WATL zone 2 zone 3 zone 4 zone 5 zone 6 zone 7 zone 8 Re mot e Re mot e Re mot e Re mot e Re mot e Re mot e Re mot e W PROCESS WATL L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 W WATL W WATL W WATL W WATL W WATL W WATL W L4 DISPLAY PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS AUTO MAN MODE SERIES 988 L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 DISPLAY AUTO MAN MODE output 3 Figure 8.19 Zone heating with remote set point.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.20 General Software Retransmit Requirements Output 3 is used for the retransmit option. Choose either a milliamp (98_ _-_ _ _ _-M_ _ _) or a voltage (98_ _-_ _ _ _-N_ _ _) signal. Select the output range in the Output Menu. NOTE: Enhanced software is not required for this feature. Overview The retransmit feature can be used to transmit an analog signal representing the value of either input process variable or the target set point variable.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.21 General Software He a t - t re a t O v e n input 1 WATL W output 1 limit PROCESS L1 L2 DEV % OUT L3 L4 DISPLAY limit sensor output 3 AUTO MAN temperature sensor heaters MODE SERIES 988 Cha rt Re c orde r Figure 8.21 Heat-treat oven with retransmit. Sample Applications A Series 988 is being used to control the temperature of a heat-treat oven. The temperature of the process must be recorded on a chart recorder.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.22 General Software Slidewire Feedback NOTE: Outputs must be compatible with the slidewire valve actuators. Requirements A slidewire configuration uses at least two inputs and two control outputs. Input 2 can only be selected as a slidewire input (98_ _-_3_ _-_ _ _ _). Overview The Series 988 can control the position of a valve with a slidewire feedback position indicator.
C8.wc 5/14/1999 8:55 AM Page 8.23 General Software Gas-fired Furnace input 1 WATL W output 1 (close) PROCESS L2 DEV % OUT L3 limit output 2 (open) input 2 L1 Valve Actuator limit sensor L4 DISPLAY temperature sensor AUTO MAN MODE SERIES 988 gas flow gas valve cut-off valve slidewire input Figure 8.23 Gas-fired furnace with slidewire feedback. Sample Application A Series 988 controls the gas valve for a gas-fired furnace to heat treat large metal parts.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.1 Appendix Glossary Specifications Warranty and Returns Index Menu Overview Model Number Declaration of Conformity Appendix A.2 A.4 A.5 A.6 A.10 A.11 A.12 WATLOW Series 988 User’s Manual A.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.2 Glossary, A - L annunciator — A visual display that uses pilot lights to indicate the former or existing condition of several items in a system. bumpless transfer — A smooth transition from auto (closed loop) to manual (open loop) operation. The control output(s) does not change during the transfer. burst fire — A power control method that repeatedly turns on and off full ac cycles.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.3 Glossary, M - Z linearization, square root — The extraction of a linear signal from a nonlinear signal corresponding to the measured flow from a flow transmitter. Also called square root extraction. Modbus (RTU) — Remote Terminal Unit. NEMA 4X — A NEMA specification for determining resistance to moisture infiltration. This rating certifies the controller as washable and corrosion resistant.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.4 Specifications (1234) Control Mode • Dual input, quad output, optional retransmit of set point or process variable. • Programmable direct and reverse acting control outputs. • One-step auto-tuning. Operator Interface • Local/remote set point capability. • Dual, 4-digit LED displays: upper, 0.4” (10mm); lower, 0.3” (8mm). • Mode, Auto/Man, Display, Up and Down keys. Input • Contact input for software function select.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.5 Warranty/Returns Total Customer Satisfaction Warranty Returns The Watlow Series 988 is warranted to be free of defects in material and workmanship for 36 months after delivery to the first purchaser for use, providing that the units have not been misapplied. Since Watlow has no control over their use, and sometimes misuse, we cannot guarantee against failure.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.6 Index a-h %OUT LED 3.1 0-5VÎ (dc) process wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 output 1 2.12 output 2 2.13 0-10VÎ (dc) process wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 output 1 2.12 output 2 2.13 0-20mA process wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 output 1 2.12 output 2 2.13 0-50mV (high impedance) wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 1-5VÎ (dc) process wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 output 1 2.12 output 2 2.13 4-20mA process wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 output 1 2.12 output 2 2.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.7 Index h-r I idle set point 5.3, 8.8 input 1 4.3 - 4.8 input 1 wiring 2.8 0-5VÎ (dc) process 2.8 0-10VÎ (dc) process 2.8 0-20mA process 2.8 0-50mV (high impedance) 2.8 1-5VÎ (dc) process 2.8 4-20mA process 2.8 RTD (2- or 3-wire) 2.8 thermocouple 2.8 input 2 4.9 -4.16 input 2 wiring 2.9 - 2.10 0-5VÎ (dc) process 2.9 0-10VÎ (dc) process 2.9 0-20mA process 2.9 0-50mV (high impedance) 2.9 1-5VÎ (dc) process 2.9 4-20mA process 2.9 current transformer input 2.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.8 Index r-z Prompt Index reset/integral adjustment 7.3 restore 6.14 retransmit 8.20 - 8.21, A.3 retransmit calibration offset 4.33 retransmit high limit 4.32 retransmit low limit 4.32 RTD A.3 RTD calibration curve 1 4.7 RTD calibration curve 2 4.14 RTD input 2.5 RTD wiring input 1 2.8 input 2 2.9 RTU Modbus 8.4 three-mode control A.3 time constant, filter input 1 4.7 input 2 4.15 time proportioning control A.3 tuning automatic 7.1 - 7.2 manual 7.2 - 7.4 settings 7.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.9 Index—prompts [`LOC] (front panel lockout) 6.3, 8.8 [`LoP] (low power limit) 4.41 [LooP] (loop error detect) 8.10 [LOW] (alarm 3 trigger) 4.26 [`L-r] (local-remote) 5.8 [LrnH] (learn high) 4.13, 8.23 [LrnL] (learn low) 4.13, 8.23 [dEC2] (decimal 2) 4.11 [`dFL] (default) 6.14 [diAg] (Diagnostics Menu) 6.7 [diAg] (diagnostics lockout) 6.6 [diFF] (differential) 4.36 [`dir] (direct action) 4.37 [dISP] (test displays) 6.11 [dUPL] (duplex) 4.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.10 Menu Overview Display Loop Press ¥ to exit (Lower Display) 75 any menu and reach the Display Loop at any time. Operation Menus Set point 1, Remote set point or Ratio value SP2 ( ˜ Not all prompts will appear on your control. They are dependent on your configuration and model number.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.11 Model Number Ordering Information (1658) To order, complete the code number to the right with the information below: 98__-____-____ Series 988: a single-channel, temperature/process controller, 1 analog input, 1 digital input, 1 analog or digital input, 4 outputs.
C Appendix.wc 5/14/1999 8:33 AM Page A.
Watlow Series 988 User’s Manual Watlow Controls, 1241 Bundy Blvd., P.O.
