O n i x w i t h Tubing Properties Flexibility Abrasion Sunlight Kinking Temperature Flame resistance Stress cracking A l u m a S h i e l d Onix flexible even in subfreezing temperatures highly abrasion resistant not affected by exposure not damaged by kinking functional from –35°F to +180°F highly flame resistant not affected by stress cracking Barrier Properties Moisture Heat Sunlight A v a i l a b l e C o m p a r e d w i t h E V O H B a r r i e r Barrier PEX P E X larger bend radius, stiff below
Snowmelting Applications This Onix Installation Manual represents the Slab on Grade collective knowledge of thousands of our cus- Warm up a concrete slab to provide space heat. tomers who have been kind enough to furnish us Install a minimum of 2" of concrete above the top of the Onix for residential and 3" for commercial floor heat applications.You may need a greater thickness over the Onix, depending on structural loading. with ideas and techniques that have worked for them.
Table of Contents Section ZONE 1 ZONE 2A ZONE 2 Typical radiant zoning. Staple-Up™ Applications page 2 Page Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Heat Transfer Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Onix™ Radiant Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 The Design Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Step 1: Initial Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Floor Coverings . . . .
Table of Contents Section Page Sandwich Applications Sandwich Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Tools Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Installation Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Step 1: Install Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Step 2: Zone Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Section Thin-slab and Slab Cap Applications Page Thin Slab and Slab Cap Applications . . . . . . . . . . .43 Design Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Onix Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Perimeter Banding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Tools Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Section Fluidd F Flui Flo low Flui Fl uidd F Flo low Supp pply Man Manifold fold Return rn Man Manifold fold Manifold Options Piping Page Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Factory Supplied Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Field Constructed Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Manifold Set Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction Welcome to the exciting world of radiant floor heating. For some, this manual will be an introduction to installing floor heating and snowmelting projects. For others, these jobs are second nature. This manual is designed to help both the novice and expert, with information ranging from basic heat transfer to more complex system design and trouble-shooting.
General Design Process HiGuard™ Industrial Cover Aramid™ Fiber Reinforcing AlumaShield™ Oxygen Barrier Durel™ Inner Tubing The Design Process Contour Extrusion Layer such as supply and return lines for baseboard and fan coils. an estimated life span of over 3,000,000 hours, or approximately 340 years under normal operating conditions. Independent lab testing has rated Onix among the most stable materials we have ever reviewed.
Floor Coverings Step 1: Initial Design Considerations There are three primary considerations in a radiant design. 1. Heat Loss - how much energy do we have to impart to the system to keep the occupants warm or the surface snow and ice free. 2. Tubing - how much and what type of tubing is required to deliver the needed heat. 3. Control and Performance system operation will vary greatly depending on how the system is controlled and operated. To answer these questions, some initial information is needed.
Floor Coverings perature while a tile floor may only require 100¡F. Even though the main goal is the same for all floor types, there are some special considerations that need to be maintained for each floor covering. The following should be used as a guide only. If more information is required, contact the flooring manufacturer for more specific information relative to the actual floor covering being used.
Floor Coverings 6. Use Strips, not Planks. The narrower the board, the less movement it will create. The ideal size is 3" to 3-1/2" in width. 7. Quarter Sawn vs. Plane Sawn. Quarter sawn wood will expand in height while plane sawn wood will expand in width. A quarter sawn board is more dimensionally stable than a plane sawn board. There is a simple procedure for checking the presence of excessive moisture in the slab. Tape a 4 ft. x 4 ft.
Floor Coverings Cautions for Hardwood Floor Installations: Hardwood Floor Covering If the radiant heating system cannot be installed prior to the hardwood installation, an alternative form of heat needs to be provided while the floor is being installed. Temporary, unvented sources of heat (such as a propane fired salamanders ) are not appropriate as they can put excessive amounts of water vapor into the building.
Floor Coverings Carpet and Pad Flooring Carpet floor coverings help prevent floors from feeling cold because they have a higher R-value, or resistance to heat transfer, than any other floor covering. Carpet pads reduce energy transfer while providing some support and cushion to those standing. With respect to a radiant floor heating system, a carpet and pad floor covering is the most difficult to heat through. In general, the ideal floor covering would have an R-value of 2 or less.
Zoning manifold to keep the assembly hidden from everyday view. 2. Manifold placement determines the minimum tubing circuit length. Minimum circuit equates to the distance from the manifold to the farthest point, taking right angles, and back. For most residential projects, 200 ft. circuits are adequate. For most commercial projects, 300 400 ft. circuits are used. 3. Locate the manifold within the given zone.
Zoning Max Flow GPM 12 20 32 60 SnapClip Fasteners Onix Base Trunk Size 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2" Manifold Supply Line perature to stay comfortable. With radiant heat, the indoor thermostat can be set 2¡—3¡ lower. Return Line Manifold mounted on side of joist. Use fasteners, as necessary, to support Onix and to maintain proper bend radii. 2. Indoor air movement and temperature gradient is greatly reduced. This reduces heat loss through the ceiling. Manifold Mounting Bracket 3.
Zoning RadiantWorks Zone List Report Zone List Report ZONE 1 - MAIN LEVEL (Under-Floor) Room Name Primary Spacing [in] 8 4 8 Foyer Powder Room Breakfast / Kitchen / Family / Pantry Hall Primary Area [ft≤] 118 42 520 8 Room Specifications Banded Banded Spacing Area [in] [ft≤] --------4 180 135 --- Heating Intensity [Btu/h ft≤] 15.7 27.2 17.2 --- 16.0 Zone Specifications Head Radiant [ft] Panel Load [Btu/h] 112 20 2.4 2.
Frame Floors a room were 10,000 BTUs and the windows were single pane and had a total heat loss of 6700 BTUs. The Heat Loss Report would reflect this unusually high heat loss area and a decision to install double pane windows might be made to help make this room more energy efficient. Applications As construction materials improve, installation details change. It would be impossible to try to fit all possible construction scenarios into this manual.
Frame Floors increase or change, variances in the heating system will result. the fluid temperature controls this surface temperature. Onix Spacing Onix is generally installed 8 inches on center, to the underside of the subfloor for a Staple-Up or a sandwich application. Closer spacing may be used in areas of high heat loss, such as an exposed wall with a high percentage of glass.
Staple-Up require an in.-lb. torque wrench, while the SelfTite™ clamps need a pair of SqueezeTite™ Pliers. See manifold assembly section for more details. The number of Onix coils on the jobsite should correspond to the number listed in the Zone List report. Staple Up™ Application Tools and Materials Required Make sure all materials are present and in good working order before beginning a radiant installation.
Staple-Up 1. This tool may discharge when air pressure is connected or disconnected. Make sure the tool is unloaded or pointed in a safe direction before connecting/disconnecting a pressure hose. 2. Remember, any pneumatic staple gun is exactly that, a gun. Each staple gun has the ability to shoot staples at a velocity sufficient to kill or permanently injure anyone within range. Never point this tool at anything except a piece of Onix intending to be permanently fastened.
Staple-Up Step 2: Step 4: Determine Zone Boundaries Drill Joist Before Onix is installed, visually inspect the area to determine the zone boundaries. This helps determine where the first circuit is to be placed, while identifying any obstacles that may be in the way. For this step, gather the following tools: Chalk line Marker T-Square 1-3/4" bit Angle drill Safety glasses Ladder Step 3: Confirm Tubing Requirements Metal Manifold Enclosure located in wall.
Staple-Up the Onix off the unwinder and loosely attach it to the first barb of one of the manifolds. Take a white paint pen, or other marker, and mark this end of Onix with a number 1, indicating the first circuit installed. Do the same to the other end of Onix, marking it with the number 1. This will help later in the installation process. Attach one end of the Onix to the supply manifold. Do not push the Onix on more than the first barb at this point, just in case the circuit needs to be moved.
Staple-Up Step 7: Visual Inspection After all the circuits are installed, take a few minutes to walk each circuit and visually inspect the tubing for possible damage caused during installation. If a damaged area is found, repair it using an approved Watts Radiant Repair Kit. More information on the repair kits can be found in the Appendix. Step 8: Final Assembly and Pressure Test With the zone fully installed and inspected, finish the connections to the manifold.
Staple-Up Special Joist Construction Insulation Onix Always install vertical insulation at exterior walls. 2”-4” Air Gap Foil-faced batt insulation R-13 to R-19 insulation is typical, depending on application and construction conditions. More may be needed. Caution: DO NOT over tighten the clamps. Over tightening may cause an improper fit. For detailed information on the proper steps to conducting a pressure test, refer to the Appendix of the installation manual.
Staple-Up Insulation needs to make contact with the header beam to create a sealed cavity. Foil-faced batt insulation. TJI Joist Open Web Trusses offer several advantages on large construction projects. Webb Truss floors can carry heavier loads and can span greater distances. Typical TJI (Truss Joist International) cross-section. To help seal the joist cavity, the insulation needs to be placed up against the header plate of the truss.
Staple-Up Layout Examples Frame F Floor:: C Counte ter Flow w Me Method Frame Floor: F : C Counte ter Flow w Me Method Supply Return Frame Floor: F : C Counte ter Flow w Me Method Supply Return Supplyy Manifold Supplyy Manifold Supplyy Manifold Return Manifold Return Manifold Return Manifold Supply Return Ste tep 11 Step Step Ste tep 2:2 Step Ste tep 3:3 Frame F Floor:: C Counte ter Flow w Me Method Frame Floor: F : C Counte ter Flow w Me Method Supply Return Supply Return Supplyy Manifol
Sandwich Sandwich Application 2. Onix tubing and Watts Radiant Clamps. Each Onix TorqueTite“ requires an in.-lb. torque wrench for attachment, while the SelfTite“ clamps need a pair of SqueezeTite“ Pliers. See manifold assembly section for more details. The number of Onix coils on the jobsite should correspond to the number listed in the Zone List report. 7. Watts Radiant staple gun, staples and NailTites. 8. Pressure test kit. Each manifold pair must be pressure tested.
Sandwich contacting the subfloor. This will reduce the heat transfer potential of the system. guidelines when penetrating framing base (bottom) plates. Onix Step 2: Determine Zone Boundaries Installation Steps Installation procedures change from job to job and are affected by how the structure is built. Sleeper spacing, thickness and zoning details are just a few items that can affect how a Sandwich application is installed.
Sandwich Step 6: Secure the Onix Most sandwich applications do not require any special fasteners to secure the Onix in place. However, there may be times when added support is necessary, such as around tight bends or if the tubing has to follow a defined path, such as around a corner. In these cases, duct tape can be used to hold the tubing in place. Staples or other fasteners are not recommended for Sandwich applications with Onix.
Sandwich damage is found, repair it using an approved Watts Radiant Repair Kit. More information on the repair kits can be found in the Appendix. Manifold Onix Barb Onix Clamp Onix Manifold Pressure Test Kit and will tend to cause an imbalance in the fluid flow. Some tubing may be removed from this last circuit as long as the remaining length is within 10% of the existing circuits. For example, if 200 ft. lengths were installed, the last circuit can be cut to a length of 180 ft.
Sandwich recommend a high-temperature polyisocyanurate board, such as Celotex¤ Thermax¤ . Even though there is no air gap below the tubing, the foil will help even out the heat transfer across the sleeper spacing and the upper subfloor. In the case of a Sandwich over Slab application, especially a basement remodel, a non foil-faced extruded polystyrene insulation board, such as Dow¤ Blue Board¤ , is recommended.
Walls and Ceilings Walls and Ceilings 16”o.c. Radiant floors produce a limited amount of energy, usually around 45— 50 BTU/sq.ft. This limit is set by the maximum floor surface temperature of 85¡F. Most of the time this will be seen in areas like sunrooms. In cases like this where auxiliary heat is required, supplemental heat may be added in the form of baseboards or fan coils.
Walls and Ceilings off the floor. Tubing higher than this is subject to damage from nails as pictures and other objects are hung on the walls. 16”o.c. Walls are typically installed with their own manifold pairs as it tends to be difficult to transition tubing from the floor to the wall. Also, this allows for greater ease when trying to balance a system. In most cases, the wall will use less tubing and typically shorter tubing lengths than can be installed in the floor or ceiling.
Walls and Ceilings If a plywood drop board is used, a foil-faced insulation needs to be install behind the plywood. 16”o.c. SubRay¤ In some cases, the wall or ceiling cavity may not be deep enough to allow for the Onix, insulation and support material. In these cases, Watts Radiant SubRay can be used. This will go on top of the wall studs or ceiling joists.
Walls and Ceilings SubRay Sleepers are installed across the studs or joists with Grippers installed every fouth stud or joist to keep the Onix in place. Refer to the SubRay Installation Manual for more product and installation information. Caution Caution should be used when securing the ceiling material, taking extra care to only nail into the studs or joists. One limitation to walls and ceilings is the maximum allowable temperature the dry-wall can maintain.
Concrete Slab Slab on Grade Applications Introduction Slab applications are one of the most common applications used by commercial, as well as residential, radiant heating systems. The added thermal mass provided by a slab increases the overall thermal efficiency of the system, while providing more even heat distribution throughout the structure. However, since the slab is in direct contact with the ground, energy can be lost to the surroundings.
Concrete Slab Insulation Details Unlike a frame application where the insulation is installed after the radiant tubing, a slab application requires the insulation to be installed first, making the insulation part of the structure. styrene insulation will not degrade over time due to excess moisture or soil acidity. Beaded insulation boards should not be used because they are not strong enough and will break down over time. This, in turn, will cause structural instability.
Concrete Slab Radiant Slab to read and use a Nomograph can be found in the Appendix. Expansion Joint min. 2” Protective Sleeve Perimeter Banding Onix min. 6” Rewire / Rebar Subgrade / Gravel Onix sleeved at expansion joint with foam insulation or PVC conduit. Radiant Slab min. 2” Expansion Joint Onix Four, five or six inch Onix spacing is frequently used along outside exposed perimeter walls.
Concrete Slab monly done with the use of nylon cable ties or Watts Radiant ClipTies and Clipper tool. Each secures the Onix to the rewire/rebar to prevent movement of the tubing during the concrete pour. Exposed Wall Slab Banded Tubing In applications where rewire/rebar is not used and an insulation board is placed underneath the slab, some additional attachment devices can be used to secure the Onix.
Concrete Slab Consult with the project manager or concrete installer to make sure this depth is appropriate. Secure manifolds to rebar or other support Complete encapsulation of the tubing is required to prevent stress points from forming on the slab, which may accelerate cracking over time.
Concrete Slab this process with the next circuit, beginning where the first circuit ends. Step 5: Install the Onix After the concrete is poured and just before the interior walls are installed, the rebar may be cut to free the manifolds. The manifolds can then be moved if necessary, to fit the actual wall construction. Make sure to leave plenty of slack in all Onix circuits (2–5 ft. is recommended). A Watts Radiant manifold box can be used to secure the manifolds within the new wall.
Concrete Slab Slab Rewire/Rebar ClipTie Cable Tie Railway in excess, run the remaining tubing along an exposed wall or in other areas of the zone. ScrewClip FoamBoard Staple Insulation Subgrade/Earth Various tube fasteners for slab applications. This double serpentine layout places the cooler return end of the circuit next to the warmer supply end. This layout helps bring the finished floor surface to an even temperature in the shortest time possible.
Concrete Slab the Onix onto the first barb of the supply manifold, making sure the tubing covers the entire fitting. If the Onix is difficult to push onto the barb, lubricate the end of the Onix with some water. Do not use soap, oil, WD-40®, or other petroleum or silicone based lubricants as they may damage the interior of the Onix tubing. Soap or lubricants may make connections and splices leak, even at low pressures. Slide the Onix clamp back over the Onix hose and barb connection.
Thin Slabs Thin Slab and Slab Cap Applications Some construction details call for a Thin Slab, or a lightweight concrete, to be applied above the subfloor. These applications offer increased sound quality to a room and an increased thermal mass to the radiant heating system. In some cases, thin slabs are used to act as a fire-stop from floor to floor.
Thin Slabs Perimeter Banding Four, five or six inch Onix spacing is frequently used along outside exposed perimeter walls. These high-density spacing areas are called perimeter bands and tubing is generally spaced half the main spacing. Banded areas range in width from two to eight feet, with the wider bands generally used in front of taller exposed walls with a high percentage of glass. A good rule of thumb is to use a perimeter band width of 50% to 75% of the height of the wall.
Thin Slabs examples cover the most common installation conditions. If a situation is not covered here or if unexpected circumstances arise, please contact Watts Radiant or a Watts Radiant Representative. The most common installation pattern to use in a Thin Slab application is a single serpentine layout, although in some cases a double serpentine may be used. need to be installed every 12"—18" along each run of Onix.
Thin Slabs Screw Clips required, contact Watts Radiant for further advice. Make sure to use as much of each circuit Foam board Staple as possible. If the last circuit is too long, which sometimes happens, try not to cut it shorter. Shorter circuits have a lower pressure drop and will tend to cause an imbalance in the fluid flow. Some tubing may be removed from this last circuit as long as the remaining length is within 10% of the existing circuits. For example, if 200 ft.
Thin Slabs Manifold Onix Barb Onix Clamp Onix Manifold Pressure Test Kit the Onix onto the first barb of the supply manifold, making sure the tubing covers the entire fitting. If the Onix is difficult to push onto the barb, lubricate the end of the Onix with some water. Do not use soap, oil, WD-40®, or other petroleum or silicone based lubricants as they may damage the interior of the Onix tubing. Soap or lubricants may make the connects and splices leak, even at low pressures.
Steel Decks Commercial applications require special design considerations and flexibility. This is especially true when designing and installing a radiant floor over a steel deck or precast concrete floor. Rewire/Rebar Steel decks are usually seen in office mezzanines and other areas that will experience light to moderate loads. There are several different types of steel decks, ranging from 2’’ angle channels to 6’’ square channels.
Snowmelt Snowmelt Applications Introduction Radiant snowmelt and ice removal systems for concrete and sand and brick pavers are installed in the same manner as shown for a standard concrete slab. The main differences tend to be the tubing size. Due to the increased pumping requirements for the higher loads, a larger diameter tubing is needed to keep an acceptably low pressure drop.
Snowmelt After the secondary base course is installed, a 1/2" to 1" layer of sand base is placed and leveled. Bricks are placed on this secondary base course and often vibrated, so sand fills all the joints between the bricks. Sometimes additional sand must be swept into the brick joints, again depending on the local engineer and contractor recommendations.
Snowmelt This is not to say insulation should not be used on a snowmelt system. Areas that need a faster response or are more hazardous will benefit from insulation. Stairs, handicap access ramps and sidewalks are a few areas which may benefit from insulation. If insulation is to be used, a non-foil faced, high-density, extruded polystyrene (such as Dow¤ Blue Board¤ ) should be used. The use of a foil-faced insulation is not required or recommended when insulating a snowmelt slab.
Snowmelt Slab Onix ClipTie 5. Field Repair Kit. Each kit will contain two barb-bybarb splices and four Onix Clamps. Rewire or Rebar 6. Manifold Mounting Bracket. Each bracket can be used to temporarily or permanently mount each manifold pair to the floor or wall. Use either Watts Radiant brackets or SnapClips to hold manifolds. Subgrade / Compacted Earth 7. Watts Radiant staple gun, staples and NailTites. Typical Snowmelt Slab on Grade with Cable Ties. 8. Pressure test kit.
Snowmelt For any attachment method, it is important to secure the tubing to the rewire/rebar every 12" to 18" on center. This will prevent the Onix from shifting during the concrete pour. (See Watts Radiant catalog or binder for more information on fasteners and tools.) Application Profiles and General Details most common installation conditions. If a given situation is not covered here or if unexpected circumstances arise, please contact Watts Radiant or a Watts Radiant Representative.
Snowmelt Make sure to leave plenty of slack in all Onix circuits (2–5 ft. is recommended). A Watts Radiant manifold box can be used to secure the manifolds within a structural wall. Watts Radiant SnapClips and StrapDowns can be used to organize Onix coming from the floor and into the protective enclosure.
Snowmelt Do not push the Onix on more than the first barb at this point, just in case the circuit needs to be removed. Take both runs of Onix and begin laying both sides of the circuit in the slab area, maintaining a hand spacing approximately the same distance apart as the desired tube spacing. This method will naturally create a double serpentine layout. Continue this process with the next circuit, beginning where the first circuit ends.
Snowmelt clamp using an in.-lb. torque driver. More information on how to make the Onix Clamp connection can be found in the Appendix. Caution: DO NOT over tighten the clamps. Over tightening may cause an improper fit. For detailed information on the proper steps to conducting a pressure test, refer to the Appendix. Step 10: The Concrete Pour To help detect possible damaged caused during the concrete pour, keep the system under pressure.
Snowmelt Perpendicular installations may be easier to install on long narrow steps. This approach will more easily melt snow and ice that may build up along the outer step edge. However, it may require additional rebar to support the tubing around bends as it moves from step to step. In both applications it is important to keep the Onix 2"—3’’ away from the surface of the concrete. In some cases it may be ideal to install a designated manifold for the steps.
Appendix Manifolds Supply Manifold Fluid Flow Copper and Brass Manifolds Onix Barb Manifolds are used to transition from supply/return piping to Onix. Manifolds are usually copper or brass bodies, with brass branches attached to the sides. End Cap or Plug Return Manifold Fluid Flow Factory Supplied Manifolds A variety of pre-manufactured manifold options are available from Watts Radiant, each specifically designed to meet or exceed any job specification.
Appendix 2. Swedged Manifolds: Pre-assembled manifold sections that sweat together as needed. Fluidd F Flui Flo low Supp pply Man Manifold fold Onix Barb Flui Fl uidd F Flo low Return rn Man Manifold fold Mini Ball Valve 3. 1’’ × 1/2" × 1’’ Reduced T-Fittings can be soldered together forming a complete manifold. Onix Barbs are then soldered into the 1/2’’ fittings. Direct Piping Option. This option will require some balancing once the manifolds have been installed.
Appendix Manifold Set Up Fluid Flow Return rn Man Manifold fold There are two ways fluid can flow through a manifold pair: 1) Direct and 2) Reverse Return. Both are dictated by how the Onix is attached to the manifolds. Direct is the easiest to install, and in most cases, the easiest to follow. The down side to this method is balancing. A Direct set up will tend to require more post-fill balancing.
Appendix circuit balancing valves are installed to balance the flow. used. Any residual amounts of glycol or any other coating inside the Onix tube must be removed. Use an alcohol swab or pad to remove the residue(s), then allow the tube to dry prior to connection. In the long manifold approach, manifolds may be installed in the joist spaces by drilling a sequence of three holes in each joist. An alternative method is to attach the manifolds to the bottom of the joists.
Appendix leaks. Watts Radiant s Onix and fittings are engineered to work together. Watts Radiant extends no warr a n t y expressed or implied to any failure or damage of any kind resulting from use of materials not supplied by Watts Radiant (see Onix warranty for specifics). 1. Cut the Onix. Make a straight cut-off on both pieces of Onix to be spliced together. 2. Select the Correct Brass Splice. Use only Watts Radiant brass splices and clamps to repair Onix.
Appendix WattsWatts Radiant Nomograph © for Breakfast / Kitchen Area Heatway Nomograph © for Kitchen Area SlabSlab Application Onix application with3/8" 3/8" Onix Radiant Floor Heat Output Intensity [Btu/h sq.ft.] 45 6oc 9oc 12oc 15oc 18oc 90 Total Floor R-Value: 0.
Appendix The diagonal lines illustrate the design possibilities if the spacing of the Onix tubing is adjusted. Each diagonal line shows the heat output of a different Onix spacing, under the same design parameters. Changes in the Onix size, supply water temperature or the R value of the floor covering will make a difference in the heat output of the radiant slab. This nomograph shows five possible Onix spacings, ranging from 6" to 18" on center.
Appendix reading the flow rate on the right side of the chart. for fluids at a temperature of 120¡F. Systems with anti-freeze solutions will experience a greater change in fluid properties as temperature conditions change. Do not use the following charts if the required fluid temperature is expected to change by more than 20¡F. In the above example, the flow rate for each circuit is approximately 0.43 gpm at a ∆T of 20¡F. The total flow rate to deliver 16,000 BTU/h is 4 (circuits) × 0.43 = 1.72 gpm.
Appendix Watts Radiant P RESSURE D ROP C HART FOR Onix TM TM 50% Propylene Glycol/50% Water 40,000 5 4 30,000 3 20,000 ng bi ng 1 ft/sec bi 0.2 ng Tu 2" Tu bi 1/ 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 3/ 8" 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 0.0001 0.3 bi Tu 8" 5/ 2,000 0.4 1.5 ft/sec ng bi 4" Tu 3,000 2 ft/sec ng Tu 1" 4,000 3 ft/sec 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.
Appendix Watts Radiant P RESSURE D ROP C HART FOR Onix TM TM 30,000 3 20,000 2 7 ft/sec 6 ft/sec 5 ft/sec 4 ft/sec 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 0.3 bi ng Tu 1 ft/sec bi 8" 0.2 bi 2" ng Tu 5/ 8" Tu 1/ 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 3/ 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 0.0001 0.4 1.5 ft/sec ng Tu 4" 3/ 2,000 2 ft/sec bi Tu 3,000 bi 4,000 ng ng 3 ft/sec 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.
Appendix Onix No-Sweat™ Baseboards, Fan Coils and Manifolds Connections Watts Radiant s Onix tubing offers a unique solution to a common problem associated with baseboard and fan coil systems. Running supply and return lines to these units can be a challenge, especially in renovation projects. can not be maintained, a copper elbow should be hard piped to the unit prior to the installation of the Onix Barb fitting.
Appendix Near Boiler Piping and Controls The following schematics are provided as a guide for common applications. Other schematics are available from the local Watts Radiant representative. Primary/Secondary Generally, the best way to pipe a hydronic system is referred to as Primary/Secondary. Primary/Secondary piping allows for better flow and temperature control over the various components.
Appendix The zone head pressure is the pressure drop seen through the Onix circuits in a given zone. It is calculated using the pressure drop charts and is added to the pressure drop associated with the supply and return piping. Because the Onix circuits are always plumbed in parallel, the pressure drop for an individual circuit is the same as the zone pressure drop. tates the required flow rate (gpm) for the zone.
Appendix PV = T Expansion Tank Sizing form (Pressure x Volume = Temperature) With a fixed system volume, if the initial water temperature is 50¡ and it is raised to 180¡, the internal pressure will increase, since the volume can not change. By quadrupling the internal temperature, the internal pressure will also quadruple, changing it from an initial 15 to 60 psi. This can damage system components and/or cause relief valves to discharge.
Appendix Tubing I.D. 3/8" 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" Mix valves are sized based on a Cv value. This value corresponds to the pressure drop generated by a certain amount of flow. If a valve is rated with a Cv of 5, then the valve can move 5 gpm of fluid at 1 psi drop (2.31 ft.-hd.) through the valve. System volume chart. Onix-PEX Fluid Capacity Type M Copper Fluid Capacity 6.25 gal./1000 ft. 8.31 gal./1000 ft. 10.25 gal./1000 ft. 13.2 gal./1000 ft. 16.0 gal./1000 ft. 18.1 gal./1000 ft. 25.0 gal.
Appendix Injection Pump Sizing Injection systems incorporate a series of sensors, some on the control piping to measure fluid temperatures, while other sensors are located outside to measure outside air temperature. With this information the injection control is able to calculate the actual heat load and required water temperature at any given time. Why is this important? Non-electrical mix valves are set to provide a fixed temperature all the time.
Appendix The required flow rate for the injection pump can now be determined. 100,000 = gpm × 500 × (180 — 100) gpm = 2.5 The ∆T is figured using the supply temperature and return temperature across the injection loop. This is the boiler supply temperature minus the zone return temperature. Note: In most cases the pressure drop across the injection loop will be minimal.
Appendix Piping and Electrical Diagrams One zone off boiler The schematic shown illustrates a single-zone system, where a non-electric mixing valve is being used.
Appendix Piping Schematic Multiple zones off boiler The schematic shown illustrates a multi-zone system, where two non-electric mixing valves are being used.
Appendix Piping Schematic Multiple zones off boiler with injection pump mixing The schematic shown illustrates a multi-zone system, where two zoned circulators are being supplied by an injection pump.
Notes page 78 Watts Radiant: Onix Installation Manual
Power up with RadiantWorks ® The Premier Radiant Heating Design Package Turbocharged for 2005! Totally New or Enhanced Capabilities for ’05 • Reworked load calculations to correspond with 2004 ASHRAE Manuals • Redesigned graphical user interface • Real time load and fluid temperature calculations • Redesigned reports • Tubing Layout Utility: Automatically calculates and lays out the tubing; import/export DXF drawings • Integrated Watts Radiant catalog • Many new templates and defaults to speed up the de
Common Radiant Floor & Staple-Up™ This is one of our most popular installation methods. Staple Onix underneath the wood subfloor every 4" to 6" so that the Onix maintains continuous contact with the wood. Install a foil-faced fiberglass insulation (foil facing up), leaving a 2" air gap between the foil and the underside of the subfloor. It is important to always insulate the exterior band joists in this application.
Snowmelting Applications This Onix Installation Manual represents the Slab on Grade collective knowledge of thousands of our cus- Warm up a concrete slab to provide space heat. tomers who have been kind enough to furnish us Install a minimum of 2" of concrete above the top of the Onix for residential and 3" for commercial floor heat applications.You may need a greater thickness over the Onix, depending on structural loading. with ideas and techniques that have worked for them.
O n i x w i t h Tubing Properties Flexibility Abrasion Sunlight Kinking Temperature Flame resistance Stress cracking A l u m a S h i e l d Onix flexible even in subfreezing temperatures highly abrasion resistant not affected by exposure not damaged by kinking functional from –35°F to +180°F highly flame resistant not affected by stress cracking Barrier Properties Moisture Heat Sunlight A v a i l a b l e C o m p a r e d w i t h E V O H B a r r i e r Barrier PEX P E X larger bend radius, stiff below
