User Manual
Multichannel Monitoring Tutorial Booklet (M2TB) rev. 3.5.2
Masataka Nakahara : SONA Corporation
©2005 YAMAHA Corporation, ©2005 SONA Corporation
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[Surround channels]
Level
For film productions, set the playback level of surround channels at -3 dB relative to the front
channels.
The film playback environment is designed based on the level balance for 3-1
(L=C=R=S=(LS+RS)=85dBC, LS=RS ≈ 82 dBC); the surround playback level is not changed for 5.1.
3-1: LS=RS=82 dBC; in other words, S (LS+RS) =85 dBC
5.1: LS=RS=82 dBC
6.1: LS=RS=BS=82 dBC
Playback bandwidth
3-1: For matrix, 100 - 7 kHz (it is best to provide full-range speakers)
For discrete, full-range
5.1: Full-range
6.1: Full-range
[LFE channel]
Level
Relative to the main channels, the “band level” is +10 dB.
Playback bandwidth
(20 Hz) – 120 Hz Dolby
(20 Hz) – 80 Hz DTS
[X curve]
(X Curve of B-chain: SMPTE 202M-1998 “SMPTE STANDARD; for Motion-Pictures, Dubbing
Theaters, Review Rooms, and Indoor Theaters, B-chain Electroacoustic Responses”)
In a large space such as a movie theater or dubbing studio, the X curve is generally used as the standard
for playback frequency response (B-chain). However in a medium or small studio, the same flat response
as described for DVD-Video is generally used even when creating film productions.
The X curve is designed so that playback with a flat response in a small-to-medium space produces the
same perceptual impression even in a large space. This means that the perceptual impression is that of
“flat response in a small-to-medium space ≈ X curve in a large space.” Thus if you apply the X curve in a
small-to-medium space, the result will often be an unnatural-sounding lo-fi playback. If you absolutely
must compensate the high-frequency region when playing back a film production in a small space, you
could conceivably use an LPF with a somewhat gentler curve than the X curve (for example, fc=2 kHz, 1-
-2 dB/oct.). However, due to the additional requirement of being able to hear perceptual differences
caused by the size of the playback space, it is necessary that final mixing of a film production be
performed in a large dubbing studio.
Curve X of B-Chain : SMPTE 202M-1998
-20
-16
-12
-8
-4
0
4
40
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1k
1.25k
1.6k
2k
2.5k
3.15k
4k
5k
6.3k
8k
10k
12.5k
16k
1/3 octave band center frequency [Hz]
dB
[Fig. 12] X Curve of B-chain: SMPTE 202M-1998