Yamaha AW4416 Owner's Manuals file:///D|/Temp/aww4416_om/aw4416.
PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION Operation Guide E
FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.) 1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT! This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modifications not expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product. 2. IMPORTANT: When connecting this product to accessories and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables. Cable/s supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation instructions.
NEDERLAND THE NETHERLANDS ● Dit apparaat bevat een lithium batterij voor geheugen back-up. ● This apparatus contains a lithium battery for memory back-up. ● Raadpleeg uw leverancier over de verwijdering van de batterij op het moment dat u het apparaat ann het einde van de levensduur afdankt of de volgende Yamaha Service Afdeiing: Yamaha Music Nederland Service Afdeiing Kanaalweg 18-G, 3526 KL UTRECHT Tel.
Important Important Read the following before operating the AW4416 ❒ Warnings • Do not allow water to enter this unit or allow the unit to become wet. Fire or electrical shock may result. • Connect this unit’s power cord only to an AC outlet of the type stated in this Owner’s Manual or as marked on the unit. Failure to do so is a fire and electrical shock hazard. • Do not scratch, bend, twist, pull, or heat the power cord. A damaged power cord is a fire and electrical shock hazard.
Important • Do not touch the power plug with wet hands. Doing so is a potential electrical shock hazard. • Use only the included power supply cable for this unit. Using other types may be a fire hazard. • Always touch a well-grounded metal surface or the like to fully discharge any static electric charge on your body and clothing before handling an I/O card or hard disk. Neglecting this precaution can cause damage to the unit from static electricity.
Important Storing produced data Produced data can be lost due to breakdown or mistaken operation. We recommend that you store all important data on CD-R or CD-RW disks or other external storage medium. Responsibility for loss of data, etc.
Important ❍ Warning The Yamaha Professional Audio Workstation is designed to be used professionally and responsibly by recording industry professionals. The reproduction, distribution, or, in some instances, the public performance, of all or a portion of a sound recording or musical composition protected by copyright, without having obtained a proper license from the relevant copyright holders, may constitute copyright infringement and may otherwise violate copyright laws and other laws.
Table of contents Thank you for purchasing the Yamaha AW4416 audio workstation. In order to take full advantage of the AW4416’s functionality and enjoy trouble-free operation, please carefully read the “Operation Guide” (this manual) and the separate “Reference Manual” and “Tutorial.” Table of contents Before you begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Checking the included items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing an internal hard disk . .
Table of contents Chapter 1 Welcome to the world of the AW4416 . . . . . . . . 19 Features of the AW4416 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Mixer section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Recorder section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Sampling pad section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CD-RW drive (option) . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents Chapter 3 The user interface of the AW4416 . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Level meters/counter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic operation of the AW4416 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accessing a screen/page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 54 56 56 Using the controls of the top panel . . . . . .
Table of contents Mixdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Creating the mix balance of the tracks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Using the Solo function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Using the internal effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Other convenient functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Fader groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents Auto punch-in/out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Preparations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Make input monitor settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Set the auto punch-in/out points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Set the pre-roll/post-roll times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents Inserting an effect into a desired channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Patching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Inserting an effect into monitor channel 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Recalling an effect program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Chapter 11 Song management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 About songs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents Recording the first section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Playing back automix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overwriting events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automix punch-in/out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing the fader movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing automix off-line . . . . . . . . . . . .
Before you begin This chapter explains preparations you need to make before using the AW4416, such as checking the included items and installing options. Checking the included items Please make sure that the package contains the following items. If any items are missing, please contact your dealer.
Before you begin Installing an internal hard disk You must install a hard disk in the AW4416 before using it. If you attempt to use the AW4416 without installing a hard disk, the recorder section and mixer section will fail to operate correctly, and the AW4416 will be damaged as well. About the internal hard disk On the AW4416, all data necessary for reproducing a composition (mixer settings, recorder settings, audio data etc.) is stored on the hard disk as a “song.
Before you begin Installation Please read and observe the cautions on installing optional equipment listed at the beginning of this manual. Here’s how to attach a 2.5 inch IDE hard disk to the ADP25H hard disk adapter included with the AW4416, and install it into the appropriate slot of the AW4416. • Hard disks are precision devices. Do not subject them to physical shock or static electricity, etc.
Before you begin 4. Place the hard disk on the ADP25H as shown in the diagram below, align the screw holes of the hard disk and the ADP25H, and use your screwdriver to fasten the screws at the four locations shown. Flat cable 5. Plug the connector of the flat cable extending from the ADP25H into the connector of the hard disk. Flat cable connector • Even if it is difficult to plug in the connector, do not use excessive pressure to force it in. This may damage the hard disk, or you may injure yourself.
Before you begin Installing a CD-RW drive About the CD-RW drives A CD-RW drive is an option that allows you to create music CD’s, to backup/ restore internal hard disk data, to play a music CD or to read a CD-ROM. An internal-type CD-RW drive can be installed by removing the CD-RW drive cover from the front panel. CD-RW drives with the following specifications can be used. • Interface: SCSI-2 • Models known to work: consult your local Yamaha distributor or refer to the website at the following URL.
Before you begin • In the various screens of the AW4416, the SCSI ID of the internal CD-RW drive has been set to “3” by default. For this reason, you will find it convenient to set the ID of the CD-RW to “3.” (For details on setting the SCSI ID, refer to the manual for your CD-RW drive.) • If you are installing a CD-RW drive manufactured by Yamaha, the SCSI ID will be set to “3” at the factory, and we recommend that you leave it at this setting.
Before you begin 4. Remove the CD-RW drive cover from the front panel, and remove the bottom panel. Bottom panel CD-R/RW drive cover panel 5. Turn the CD-RW drive over, and insert it little by little, stopping when the connector end of the CD-RW drive enters the opening in the bottom of the AW4416. 6. Connect the red and white four-conductor cable included with the AW4416 to the internal connector of the AW4416 as shown in the diagram. Then connect the cable to the connector of the CD-RW drive.
Before you begin 7. Plug the connector of the flat cable (extending from inside the AW4416) into the connector of the CD-RW drive. 8. Align the screw holes in the bottom of the CD-RW drive with the screw holes of the AW4416, and use a screwdriver to fasten the drive with the four included screws. 9. Re-attach the CD-RW drive cover and the bottom panel that you removed in step 3. At this time, remove the inner cover from the CD-RW drive cover.
Before you begin Removing the transport protection pad When CD-RW drives are shipped, the disc tray contains a transport protection pad that protects the internal mechanism from physical shock suffered during shipment. Please remove this protective pad before use. A A h p p b ˝ ‚ O † g p ˜ › h p p b ˝ ‚ O † g p ˜ › ‡ ¢ portationuse. for trans it before le transport Pad Removection pour usage. rnen. er avant er Prote ahme entfe A enlevsport polst Inbetriebn Tran Vor der ‡ ¢ portationuse.
Before you begin Manual eject (emergency disc removal) Manual eject allows you to remove the disc manually in the case of an emergency such as a malfunction of the disc tray mechanism (usually temporary) or a power failure. Please be aware that using this method frequently can cause the CD-RW drive to malfunction. For the location of the eject hole and the procedure, refer to the manual of your CD-RW drive.
Before you begin Connection procedure 1. Make sure that the power is turned off for the AW4416 and for the external SCSI device(s), and use a SCSI cable to connect the SCSI connectors of each device. When connecting an external SCSI device, use only high impedance SCSI cables of 100 ohms (±10 ohms) impedance that are 1 meter or shorter in length. Use only good-quality SCSI cables.
Before you begin ❒ About terminators “Termination” refers to the process of applying a resistor appropriate for the impedance of the SCSI bus to terminate the end of the circuit. The resistor required for this is called the “terminator.” Normally, a terminator must be installed at the beginning and end of the SCSI bus (in the case of the example shown above, this would be the AW4416 itself, and the SCSI device connected to the end of the daisy chain).
Before you begin Installing I/O cards About I/O cards I/O cards compatible with the Yamaha mini-YGDAI format can be installed in the OPTION I/O slots 1/2 located on the rear panel of the AW4416 in order to add input/output ports. For example by installing an ADAT format compatible I/O card into an OPTION I/O slot, you can transmit/receive eight channels of digital audio to/from an ADAT format digital recorder. At present, the following types of I/O cards can be used.
Before you begin Installation procedure Please carefully read the cautions for installing optional devices, given at the beginning of this manual. 1. Make sure that the power of the AW4416 is turned off. For safety’s sake, disconnect the power cable from the AC outlet. 2. From the OPTION I/O slot located on the rear panel of the AW4416, remove the two screws that hold the cover in place. Please keep the cover and screws you removed in a safe place. 3.
Important points you must observe Turning the power on or off You must use the following procedure to turn the power of the AW4416 on or off. ❒ Turning the power on To turn on the power of a system that includes the AW4416, you must turn on the power switches in the following order.
Important points you must observe Setting the internal clock When the AW4416 is shipped from the factory, its internal clock is set to Japan time. When you create a song on the AW4416, the song will store the date and time using this internal time. If it becomes necessary to reset the internal clock after replacing a run-down battery or for any other reason, use the following procedure. 1. Press the [UTILITY] key → [F4] key. The UTILITY screen Prefer.3 page will appear.
Important points you must observe ❒ Turning the power off To turn off the power of a system that includes the AW4416, you must turn off the power switches in the following order. 1 The monitor system connected to the output jacks of the AW4416 B The AW4416 itself C Storage devices connected to the AW4416’s SCSI connector, and external sound sources connected to the input/output jacks Before turning off the power of the AW4416 itself, you must perform the following shut-down procedure.
Important points you must observe Transporting the AW4416 When transporting the AW4416, you must disconnect all cables, and pack it in the packing foam in which the unit was shipped (or the equivalent). If a CD-RW drive (option) is installed, insert the protective pad that was included with it into the drive. • If you transport the AW4416 without packing it as described at the above, any damage or malfunctions that occur during transport may not be covered under warranty.
1 Welcome to the world of the AW4416 This chapter explains the features and basic concepts of the AW4416, and outlines the signal flow. Features of the AW4416 The AW4416 is an audio workstation that combines a digital mixer, hard disk recorder, multi-effects, and sampling pads. It is the only equipment you need to perform the entire music production process, from multi-track recording, mixing, audio editing, effect processing, and creating a final CD(*1).
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 ❍ Scenes and libraries Faders locations and mix parameters for each channel, together with effect settings, can be stored as a scene. Up to 96 scenes can be used for each song. Scenes that you save can be recalled instantly using the top panel keys, or by transmitting program change messages from an external MIDI device. Libraries for storing EQ, dynamics processor, and channel settings are also provided.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 ❒ Sampling pad section ❍ Assign 16 sounds to the sampling pads Sixteen sounds can be assigned to the eight pads with switchable A/B banks. Sounds can be sampled into these pads at the same 16 bit/24 bit and 44.1 kHz/ 48 kHz audio quality as for recording. Sampling sources can be taken from a sound file on hard disk, an external input from the mixer, or from a WAV file on a SCSI device.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Signal flow within the AW4416 The following diagram shows the general signal flow of the AW4416. As you can see from this diagram, the AW4416 consists of several sections: input patch, output patch, mixer, sampling pads, recorder, and CD-RW drive (optional).
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Input patch The input patch section is where input signals are assigned to input channels 1– 24 and return channels 1/2. The following types of input signal can be selected. ❍ MIC/LINE INPUT Input signals from analog INPUT jacks 1–8. ❍ OPTION IN Input signals from an I/O card installed in rear panel OPTION I/O slots 1/2. Up to 8 channels of signal can be input simultaneously from a single I/O card.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 MIC/LINE INPUT 48V PEAK INPUT 1-2 AD INSERT I/O INPUT 1-24 PEAK AD INPUT PATCH INPUT 3-8 Hi-z 8 ch ONLY OPTION IN 8 SLOT1 8 SLOT2 SAMPLING PAD EFFECT 1 EFFECT 2 8 DIGITAL STEREO IN 2 DeEmp RETURN 1/2 DeEmp 2 2 DeEmp METRONOME Input channels 1–24 METER INPUT PATCH METER METER PREFADER LISTEN/ AFTER PAN SOLO INSERT ON ATT DYNAMICS 4 BAND EQ METER (EQ) INPUT DELAY METER (Gain Reduction) LEVEL PAN PRE/POST ON AUX Mono in X 24 DIREC
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Return channels 1/2 These are stereo input channels used mainly to input the return signals from internal effects 1/2. However they can also be used as supplementary input channels by changing the input signal assignments of the input patch section.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Recorder input patching This section assigns the signals that are input to tracks 1–16 of the recorder section. The following types of signal can be selected. ❍ STEREO The stereo bus output signal that has passed through the stereo output channel. ❍ BUS 1–8 The output signal of buses 1–8. ❍ DIRECT OUT 1–16 The direct output signal of input channels 1–16. RECORDER INPUT 1~16 INPUT PATCH 8 BUS 1~8 CH DIRECT OUT1~16 16 2 STEREO 16 RECORDER INPUT 1(...
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Digital cascade connections The input signal from the rear panel DIGITAL STEREO IN jack can be cascaded directly into the stereo bus, instead of being sent via the input patch section and patched to a pair of input channels. This is convenient when you wish to use an external digital mixer without linking it to the mixer section of the AW4416. Settings for cascade connection are made in the SET UP screen D.InSetup page.
AUX 6 AUX 7(EFF1) AUX 8(EFF2) STEREO METER INSERT METER ON LEVEL BAL DYNAMICS ATT 4BAND EQ METER METER (EQ) METER DYNAMICS ATT 4BAND EQ METER METER (EQ) (Gain Reduction) OUTPUT PATCH ... AUX 1 SOLO L SOLO R STEREO L STEREO R Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 CD PLAY mode CD-RW DRIVE L R Buses 1–8 The signals sent from each channel to buses 1–8 pass through the master level, and are sent to the output patch section.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 Output patch This section assigns the output signals to the STEREO OUT jacks, DIGITAL STEREO OUT jack, I/O cards installed in OPTION I/O slots 1/2, and OMNI OUT jacks 1–4. The following types of signals can be selected. ❍ STEREO The stereo bus output signal that has passed through the stereo output channel. ❍ BUS 1–8 The output signals of buses 1–8. ❍ AUX 1–8 The output signals of buses 1–8. ❍ CH DIRECT OUT 1–16 The direct output of input channels 1–16.
Chapter1—Welcome to the world of the AW4416 By defeating these assignments, you can insert internal effects 1/2 into any desired channel, or use AUX bus 7/8 or return channels 1/2 for other purposes. INSERT SEND EFFECT 2 46 SELECT AUX7 (EFF1), AUX8 (EFF2) EFFECT METER METER RETURN 1/2 X2 Monitor output/headphone output As monitoring jacks, the AW4416 provides MONITOR OUT jacks and a PHONES jack.
2 Parts and their functions This chapter explains the names and functions of the various objects on the top panel, rear panel, and front panel. Note Names of the controllers on the top panel are enclosed in square brackets [ ], in order to distinguish them from the “software” knobs or buttons displayed in the display.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions D [MONITOR OUT] control This control adjusts the output level of the signal that is sent from the rear panel MONITOR OUT jacks. WORK NAVIGATE section PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION WORK NAVIGATE SONG MASTERING QUICK REC CD PLAY SHUT DOWN WORK NAVIGATE SONG QUICK REC MASTERING CD PLAY 2 3 4 SHUT DOWN 1 1 [SONG] key This key is used for song settings and editing, and to access the SONG screen where you can perform the shut-down operation.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions B [FILE] key This key accesses the FILE screen, where you can backup/restore songs and format external storage devices connected to the SCSI connector. C [UTILITY] key This key accesses the UTILITY screen, where you can operate the built-in oscillator, and make various system settings. D [MIDI] key This key accesses the MIDI screen, where you can make MIDI-related settings.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions FADER MODE section In this section you can select the items that will be controlled by faders 1–16 of the top panel. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION FADER MODE FADER MODE AUX AUX AUX AUX AUX 1 2 3 4 AUX AUX AUX AUX 5 6 7 8 EFF 1 EFF 2 HOME 2 AUX 1 2 AUX AUX 5 6 AUX 3 AUX AUX 4 AUX 7 8 EFF 1 EFF 2 HOME 3 1 1 [HOME] key When this key is on, faders 1–16 will adjust the input levels of the channels selected in the MIXING LAYER section.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions MIXING LAYER section PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION 1 2 3 MIXING LAYER 1-16 17-24 RTN MONI INPUT INPUT RECORDER MIXING LAYER 1-16 17-24 RTN MONI INPUT INPUT RECORDER 1 [1-16] key B [17-24] key C [MONI] key In this section you can select the mixing layer that will be controlled by the top panel [SEL] keys 1–16, [ON] keys 1–16 and faders 1–16. These keys correspond to mixing layers as follows.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions Stereo output channel 17-24 RTN Effect return channels 1/2 SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON ON 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 RTN SEL SEL ON ON 2 16 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 +6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 15 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Chapter2—Parts and their functions [SEL] keys, [ON] keys, faders PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION 1 SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL ON SEL ON 17 SEL ON SEL ON SEL ON SEL ON SEL ON SEL ON 1 8 +6 9 +6 10 +6 11 +6 12 +6 13 +6 14 +6 SEL ON 24 7 +6 SEL ON 23 6 +6 SEL ON 22 5 +6 SEL ON 21 4 +6 SEL ON 20 3 +6 SEL ON 19 2 +6 SEL ON 18 1 +6 SEL ON RTN ON SOLO 2 15 +6 16 0 +6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 15 5 5
Chapter2—Parts and their functions Display section 2 PAN EQ HIGH Q 1 HI-MID F LO-MID LOW G SHIFT F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 4 3 SHIFT 5 6 7 PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION PAN EQ F HI HI-MID G LO-MID Q SHIFT F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 LO SHIFT 1 Display This is a 320×240 pixel liquid crystal display with backlight, that displays the values of the mix parameters and the current operating status. B [PAN] control This controls the pan of the channel currently selected by the [SEL] key.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions F [SHIFT] key This key is used to switch the tabs or buttons shown at the bottom of the display. You can use a variety of additional functions by holding down the [SHIFT] key and pressing the [F1]–[F5] keys. Note symbol is displayed in the lower left of the screen to indicate a page that supports the [SHIFT] key. G Contrast This adjusts the contrast of the display.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions C [PEAK HOLD] switch This switch sets/defeats the peak hold function of the level meters. D Level meters/counter This area displays various information necessary when operating the recorder section of the AW4416, such as level meters for each track of the recorder section, a time counter, and the number of the currently selected scene memory. E TRACK [CUE] key This key is used to output the signal of the desired track directly to the MONITOR OUT jacks for monitoring.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions AUTOMATION section The keys of this section access screen pages where you can operate the automix and scene memory functions. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION AUTOMATION AUTOMATION AUTO MIX SCENE AUTO MIX SCENE 1 2 The following screens correspond to these keys. 1 [AUTOMIX] key This key accesses the AUTOMIX screen, where you can operate and edit automix. B [SCENE] key This key accesses the SCENE screen, where you can perform scene memory operations.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions CURSOR/JOG & SHUTTLE section PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION 1 JOG ON JOG ON 4 CURSOR ENTER YES/LOCATE DATA/ JOG SHUTTLE 2 3 5 CURSOR ENTER LOCATE DATA/ JOG SHUTTLE 1 [JOG ON] key This key turns the “nudge” function on/off for the [DATA/JOG] dial and [SHUTTLE] dial. (“Nudge” is a function that repeatedly plays back a fixed region starting at the current location, either forward or backward.) When this is turned on, the key will light.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions E [ENTER] key This key is used to finalize a value, execute a function, or move to the specified locate point. Locate section In this section you can perform locate operations for the recorder.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions G [REPEAT] key When this key is on, the area from the A point → B point will be played repeatedly. To cancel repeat playback, press the [REPEAT] key once again, or press the [STOP] key in the transport section. H [A]/[B] keys These keys move to the pre-specified A or B points. I [ROLL BACK] key When this key is pressed, you will move backward from the current location by the length of time specified in the UTILITY screen → Prefer.2 page.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions C [STOP] key This key interrupts playback, recording, rewind, or fast-forward, and stops the recorder. D [PLAY] key If the recorder is stopped, pressing this key will begin playback (if the key is pressed by itself) or record (if the key is pressed with the [REC] key). If this key is pressed during rewind or fast-forward, the respective operation will be interrupted, and normal-speed playback will begin.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions Rear panel 5 6 8 HI-Z 7 6 BAL 5 4 3 OMNI OUT MONITOR OUT 3 INSERT I/O BAL 2 INSERT I/O BAL 4 BAL 2 1 1 PHANTOM +48V ON OFF STEREO OUT BAL BAL 3:COLD 4 3 2 1 UNBAL ( 0dB ) 7 8 R L R L BAL (+4dB) UNBAL (–10dBV) 9 J 1:GND 2:HOT HOT COLD XLR BAL PHONE OUT IN INSERT K 1 [PHANTOM +48V ON/OFF] switch This switch supplies +48 V phantom power to the INPUT (XLR) 1/2 jacks.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions D INSERT I/O 1/2 jacks These are TRS phone jacks that allow an external effect etc. to be inserted into the input signal of INPUT jacks 1/2. Nominal input level is 0 dB. Pin connections are as follows.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions K OPTION I/O slots 1/2 These slots allow optional I/O cards to be installed. Assignments for the signals input or output via the I/O cards are made in the SETUP screen → Patch IN page (→ P.133), and in the SETUP screen → Patch OUT page (→ P.136). Note For details on installing an I/O card, refer to page 14.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions • To connect the AW4416 to an external device, use only high-impedance SCSI cables shorter than 1 meter and with an impedance of 100 ohms (±10 ohms). • Storage devices connected to the SCSI connector are used for data backup. They cannot be used directly for recording or playback. • The only types of SCSI-2 storage devices that can be connected are MO, HD, and CD-R/W drives.
Chapter2—Parts and their functions Front panel 1 1 CD-RW drive cover This covers the CD-RW drive (option) installation bay. Note For details on installing a CD-RW drive, refer to page 5.
3 The user interface of the AW4416 This chapter explains the various parts of the AW4416’s user interface, and basic operation of the AW4416. Display The display in the top panel shows the following information. 3 4 5 6 1 2 7 1 Screen name This is the name of the currently selected screen. B Page name/channel The information shown here will depend on the screen. It will show either the name of the page selected within the screen, or the channel that is selected for operation.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 The remaining recording time will be displayed in the TRACK screen TR View page when you press the [SHIFT] + [F1] key. E Song/scene information The information shown in this location will depend on the screen: the sampling frequency, quantization, and tempo/meter of the currently selected song, or the number and name of the currently selected scene. F M (menu) button This button selects the display access menu.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 The action of moving the pointer to the desired item, then pressing and holding the left button or right button of the mouse and moving the mouse is called “dragging.” Dragging Tip! When dragging the mouse to continuously adjust a parameter value, the value will change more rapidly if you hold down the right button while dragging. The value will change at the usual rate if you hold down the left button while dragging.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Level meters/counter The level meters/counter in the upper right of the top panel show the following information. 21 3 H 4 M S F ms REMAIN ABS REL K WORD CLOCK 44.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 G Level meters 1–16 These level meters show the input level and output level for each track 1–16 of the recorder section. H Level meter L/R These level meters show the output level (the signal after passing through EQ and dynamics processing) of the stereo output channel. I REC READY indicator This indicator will light red for tracks that are in record-ready mode.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Basic operation of the AW4416 This section explains basic operation of the AW4416. Accessing a screen/page To operate the mix parameters of the AW4416 or to edit the internal settings, you must first access the desired screen in the display. If a screen contains two or more pages, you must then select the desired page. ❒ Using the controls of the top panel 1. Press the key for the desired screen.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 2. In the display access menu, click the button that corresponds to the desired screen. 3. To changes pages within the same screen, move the pointer to one of the tabs in the bottom of the screen, and click the left or right mouse button. The corresponding page will appear. < Click a tab > Turning a button on/off Here’s how a button displayed in the screen can be turned on/off. ❒ Using the controls of the top panel 1. Use the CURSOR [ desired button.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Editing the value of a fader/knob/numerical box Here’s how to edit the value of an on-screen fader/knob/numerical box. ❒ Using the controls of the top panel 1. Use the CURSOR [ ]/[ ]/[ ]/[ ] keys to move the cursor to the desired fader/knob numerical box. < Move the cursor > 2. Rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to edit the value. < Edit the value > ❒ Using the mouse 1. Move the pointer to the desired fader/knob/numerical box, and click the left or right mouse button.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Using the additional function buttons In screens where the symbol is displayed in the lower left, you can access additional buttons or tabs in the bottom of the display to use various additional functions. ❒ Using the controls of the top panel 1. In a screen where the [SHIFT] key.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Inputting text When you create a new song, or when you save the settings of a scene memory or library, a popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the song or the settings. Here’s how to input text into the popup window. ❒ Using the controls of the tab page 1. Perform the scene or library Save operation, or create a new song.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 The items in each popup window and their function are as follows. 1 Text input box Characters, numerals, and symbols can be input in this box. When you create a new song or save for the first time, a default name will be input. The highlighted text indicates that it is being changed. Tip! Scene and library names can be up to 16 characters long. Song names and song comments can be up to 64 characters long.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 ❒ Using the mouse 1. Perform the scene or library Save operation, or create a new song. If you perform the scene or library Save operation, a TITLE EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the scene or library. If you create a new song, a NAME EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the song. Then a COMMENT EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to add a comment to the song. 2.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 Selecting channels When editing the channel mix parameters on the AW4416, you must first select the channel that you wish to control. Here’s how to select channels. 1.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 3. Use the [PAN] control, EQ [Q]/[F]/[G] controls, and EQ [HIGH]– EQ[LOW] keys at the right of the display to adjust the pan and EQ of the channel that you selected by pressing its [SEL] key. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION PAN EQ F HI HI-MID G LO-MID Q LO PAN EQ Q HIGH HI-MID F LO-MID G LOW The controls and keys at the right of the display apply only to the channel that was last-selected by its [SEL] key.
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 ❍ If the mixing layer is [1-16] Fader Fader mode 1–8 9–14 15 16 HOME Input level of input channels 1–16 AUX1 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 1 AUX2 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 2 AUX3 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 3 AUX4 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 4 AUX5 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 5 AUX6 Send level from input channels 1–16 to AUX 6 AUX7 Send level from input channels 1–16 to ef
Chapter3—The user interface of the AW4416 ❍ If the mixing layer is [MONI] Fader Fader mode 1–8 66 9–14 15 16 HOME Input level of monitor channels 1–16 AUX1 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 1 AUX2 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 2 AUX3 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 3 AUX4 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 4 AUX5 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 5 AUX6 Send level from monitor channels 1–16 to AUX 6 AUX7 Send level from monitor
4 Connections and setup This chapter explains how to connect external devices and set up your system before you begin using the AW4416. Connections The following diagram shows typical audio connections for the AW4416. Monitor system VOL VOL Headphones MONITOR OUT PHONES OMNI OUT 1/2 I/O card Digital MTR PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION Effect processor OPTION SLOT 1 88 OPTION SLOT 2 INPUT 1–8 DAT recorder AW4416 STEREO DIGITAL IN 00.00.00.
Chapter4—Connections and setup Word clock settings If a device such as a digital MTR or DAT recorder is digitally connected to the AW4416, the clock that controls the timing at which digital audio is processed (referred to as the “word clock”) must be synchronized. To do so, you must select one of the devices as the word clock master, and set the remaining devices so that they will follow the word clock supplied from the master device.
Chapter4—Connections and setup ❍ D.ST IN The word clock data included in the input signal from the DIGITAL STEREO IN jack will be the clock source. ❍ WCLK IN The word clock data included in the input signal from the WORD CLOCK IN jack will be the clock source. ❍ INT The internal clock of the AW4416 will be the clock source. The currently highlighted button is selected as the word clock source.
Chapter4—Connections and setup ❍ Using a digital MTR as the word clock master (1) This method uses a digital MTR as the word clock master, and causes the AW4416 to synchronize to the word clock included in the input signal from the digital I/O card. For this method, turn on one of the 1/2–7/8 buttons for the slot to which that digital MTR is connected.
Chapter4—Connections and setup ❍ Using a DAT recorder as the word clock master If you wish to input a digital signal from a DAT recorder or sampler etc. into the AW4416 via the DIGITAL STEREO IN jack, turn on the D.ST IN button. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION DAT recorder (word clock master) AW4416 (word clock slave) DIGITAL STEREO OUT 00.00.00.00 DAT DIGITAL STEREO IN WORD CLOCK SOURCE= D.ST IN • Set the DAT recorder so that it will operate according to its own internal clock.
Chapter4—Connections and setup 72 — Operation Guide
5 Recording on the AW4416 This chapter explains basic operation for performing multitrack recording and mixdown on the AW4416, using the example of recording instruments such as rhythm machine (drums), bass, guitar, and keyboard on their own tracks. Preparations for recording Connections and start-up Here’s how to connect your instruments and monitor system, and start up the AW4416. 1. Connect your instruments, mics, and monitor system to the AW4416 as shown in the following diagram.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 2. Turn on the power in the following order: audio sources/SCSI devices connected to the AW4416 → the AW4416 → monitor system. The display of the AW4416 will show the opening screen, and will then change to the TRACK screen TR View page. When the power of the AW4416 is turned on, the song you were last operating will be loaded automatically.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Creating a new song On the AW4416, all data (mixer settings, recorder settings, audio data etc.) necessary for reproducing a musical work are stored on the hard disk as a unit called a “song.” In order to record, you must begin by creating a new song. Tip! A new 44.1 kHz/16 bit song is created when the internal hard disk is formatted, and will automatically be loaded the next time you turn on the power of the AW4416.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 3. Move the cursor to the YES button to save the current song, or to the NO button if you do not wish to save it. Then press the [ENTER] key. The NEW SONG SETTING popup window will appear. In this popup window you can specify the basic settings for the new song. ❍ Fs This is the sampling frequency at which the input signals are converted into digital form. Move the cursor to either the 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz button, and press the [ENTER] key to make your selection.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 5. Make sure that the cursor is located at the OK button, and press the [ENTER] key. The NAME EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the song. 6. Use the character palette to assign a song name of up to 64 characters. (For details on inputting characters, refer to page 60.) When you have finished inputting the song name, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Recording the first tracks This section explains the procedure for recording a rhythm machine (or drum mics) connected to INPUT jacks 1/2 onto tracks 1/2 of the recorder. The explanation in this section assumes that the AW4416’s mixer and patching settings are in their initial state. If you have already modified the mixer parameters or the input/output patching, please recall the default scene (scene number 00) from the scene memory (→ P.206). Set the input level 1.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 When you switch mixing layers, the faders will move instantly to new positions. Be careful not to place objects near the faders. PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION MIXING LAYER MIXING LAYER 1-16 17-24 RTN MONI INPUT INPUT RECORDER 1-16 17-24 RTN MONI INPUT INPUT RECORDER The “mixing layer” is the group of channels controlled by the top panel [ON] keys 1–16, [SEL] keys 1–16, and faders 1–16.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 6. If you wish to set the input signals of INPUT jacks 1/2 as a stereo pair, hold down [SEL] key 1 and press [SEL] key 2. Adjacent odd-numbered → even-numbered input channels can be specified as a stereo pair. You will find it convenient to pair two channels that are inputting a stereo source, so that all mix parameters except for attenuation and pan will be linked.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Assign the signals to buses When the AW4416 is in the initial state, bus outputs 1–8 of the mixer section are patched as follows to tracks 1–16 of the recorder. In our example here, we will assign the signal from the rhythm machine (or drum mics) input via input channels 1/2 to buses 1/2 and send to them to tracks 1/2 of the recorder. Mixer section Recorder input patch Buses 1–8 Recorder section ×8 ×8 Tracks 1–8 Tracks 9–16 1. Press the [PAN] key → [F1] key.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Note that the level when the PAN knob is positioned at full left or full right will differ between paired and unpaired channels. The level of a channel that is not paired will rise 3 dB when the PAN knob is positioned at full left (L16) or full right (R16). 4. In the same way, move the cursor to the input channel 2 area, and set the PAN knob to far right (R16).
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 When tracks are paired, you must operate only one of the faders. Attempting to move both faders simultaneously will place a strain on the motor, and may cause malfunctions. Make monitor settings Now we will send the signal of monitor channels 1/2 to the stereo bus, so that it can be monitored via the MONITOR OUT jacks or the PHONES jack. 1. Press the [PAN] key → [F3] key. The PAN/ROUTE screen Pan MONI page will appear.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 6. In the same way as for the input channels, set the PAN knobs of monitor channels 1/2 to far left (L16) for channel 1 and far right (R16) for channel 2. 7. Make sure that [ON] keys 1/2 and the STEREO [ON] key are on, and raise faders 1/2 and the STEREO fader to the 0 dB position. When tracks are paired, you must operate only one of the faders. Attempting to move both faders simultaneously will place a strain on the motor, and may cause malfunctions. 8.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Let’s record! 1. Press the Locate section [RTZ] key. MARK SEARCH NUM LOCATE 7 8 9 MARK LAST REC AUTO PUNCH REPEAT 4 1 IN A 5 6 OUT 2 SET 3 B ROLL BACK 0 CANCEL RTZ NO The level meter/counter and the display counter will rewind to zero (00:00:00.000). Tip! With the default settings of the song, hours (hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds) are selected as the counter unit of the level meter/counter and display counter.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 If the following keys are on, the keys of the Locate section and the Transport section will have no effect. (Alternatively, the functions assigned to the keys will change.) Select a different key before you continue with this procedure. • WORK NAVIGATE section: [SONG] key, [MASTERING] key, [CD PLAY] key • UNIT section: [FILE] key • RECORDER section: [EDIT] key • SAMPLING PAD section: [EDIT] pad (except for when the Trig.List page is displayed) 3.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Overdubbing In this section we will explain how to record an electric bass connected to INPUT 8 (HI-Z) jack while monitoring the rhythm machine (or drums) recorded on tracks 1/2. Set the input level 1. While producing sound on your instrument, adjust [GAIN] control 8 so that the PEAK indicator of INPUT 8 (HI-Z) lights briefly when you play most loudly. The INPUT 8 (HI-Z) jack is an input jack designed for high impedance instruments.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Assign the signal to a bus Here we will make settings so that the electric bass signal being input from input channel 8 will be sent to recorder track 3 via bus 3. 1. Press the [VIEW] key → [F1] key. The VIEW screen CH View page will appear. The CH View page shows all mix parameters of the currently selected channel. (Major parameters can also be operated here.) It is convenient to use this page when you wish to control all the mix parameters of a specific channel.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Put the track in record-ready mode Next we will put track 3 of the recorder in record-ready mode, and adjust the input level. 1. In the level meters/counter section, press [REC TRACK SELECT] key 3. REC TRACK SELECT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ST [REC TRACK SELECT] key 3 and REC READY indicator 3 in the level meter/ counter will blink, indicating that track 3 is in record-ready mode. H M S F ms REMAIN ABS REL 2 3 4 WORD CLOCK 44.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Make monitor settings We will make settings so that the signal of the rhythm machine (drums) that were earlier recorded on tracks 1/2 and the bass signal being recorded on track 3 will be sent to the stereo bus, and can be monitored via the MONITOR OUT jacks or PHONES jack. 1. Press the [PAN] key → [F3] key. The PAN/ROUTE screen PAN Moni page will appear, allowing you to make pan and bus assignment settings for monitor channels 1–16. 2.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Using EQ and the dynamics processor By using the four-band EQ and dynamics processor that are provided for each input channel, you can process the bass sound as you record it on a track. ❒ Using the four-band EQ 1. In the MIXING LAYER section, press the [1–16] key → [SEL] key 8. [SEL] key 8 will light, and input channel 8 will be selected for control. 2.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 • [F] .................. Set the center frequency of each band. For each band, the range is 21 Hz–20.1 kHz. • [G] ................. Set the amount of boost/cut for each band. For each band, the range is ±18 dB. When you operate the EQ [Q]/[F]/[G] controls, the parameter values of that band will briefly appear in the upper right of the display. Tip! As an alternative way to make EQ settings, you can also use the EQ/ATT/GRP screen EQ/Att page ([EQ] key → [F1] key).
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 5. A CONFIRMATION popup window will appear, asking you confirm the recall operation. 6. Move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The “E.B.Finger” dynamics program will be loaded into input channel 8. 7. Press the [F1] key. The DYN/DLY screen Dyn.Edit page will appear. In this page you can set the parameters of the dynamics processor. 8. Press the [ENTER] key, and turn on the ON/OFF button located in the lower left of the screen.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Let’s overdub! 1. Press the Locate section [RTZ] key. 2. To begin recording, hold down the Transport section [REC] (●) key and press the [PLAY] (®) key. The [REC] key and [PLAY] key will light, and the red REC READY indicator of track 3 will change from blinking to lit. 3. Play the bass while listening to the rhythm machine (drum) performance recorded on tracks 1/2.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Mixdown In this section we will explain the procedure for creating a stereo mix of the signals recorded on tracks 1–16, applying internal effects, and recording the stereo track on the hard disk. Creating the mix balance of the tracks 1. Make sure that [REC TRACK SELECT] keys 1–16 are dark (record-ready mode is defeated). Also make sure that the [ON] key is dark for all input channels 1–24.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 6. Raise the STEREO fader to the 0 dB position. 7. Make sure that [ON] keys 1–16 and the STEREO [ON] key are lit, play back the song from the beginning, and use faders 1–16 to set the level of each track. At this time, watch the L/R level meter of the level meter/counter, and do not allow the red 0 dB segment to light. 8.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Tip! As an alternative to using the Solo function, you can also monitor just a specific track by pressing the TRACK [CUE] switch in the level meters/counter section, and then using [REC TRACK SELECT] keys 1–16 to select a track. By using this method, the direct output of the recorder (the signal that has not passed through the monitor channel) can be sent directly to the MONITOR OUT jacks and the PHONES jack. 2.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Tip! For example if the SOLO SAFE CHANNEL section RTN1/RTN2 buttons are on, the Solo function will not affect return channels 1/2. This allows you to monitor the soloed channel with an effect such as reverb still applied. 5. To use the Solo function, play back the recorder and press the [SOLO] key. The [SOLO] key and [ON] keys 1–16 will blink. SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL SEL ON ON ON ON ON ON 17 18 19 20 1 2 3 4 1 14 15 RTN SEL SEL ON ON SOLO 2 16 6.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Using the internal effects The AW4416 provides two internal effects, which can be used either via AUX send/return or by being inserted into a specific channel. Here we will explain how to use the AUX bus to apply reverb to the signals of the tracks. 1. Press the [AUX 7] key → [F2] key. The AUX7/EFF1 screen Library page will appear. In this page you can load or save effect programs from or to the effect library.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 5. Press [PAN] key → [F2] key. The PAN/ROUTE screen Pan 17–24 page will appear, allowing you to make pan settings and bus assignments for input channels 17–24 and return channels 1/2. 6. Make sure that the RTN1 (return channel 1) area ST button is on, and that the two PAN knobs are turned to the far left and right. With these settings, the return signal from effect 1 will be sent to the stereo bus and mixed with the signals of the monitor channels. 7.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Other convenient functions The mixer section of the AW4416 provides other convenient functions as described below. You can use them as needed. ❒ Fader groups This function groups fader operations for multiple channels. By moving a single fader, you can adjust all faders in that group while preserving the current balance. To set or cancel fader groups, use the EQ/ATT/GRP screen FaderGrp page ([EQ] key → [F3] key). (Refer to Reference Guide “EQ/ATT/GRP screen/FaderGrp page.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 ❒ Automix By using this function, fader and [ON] key operations, changes in mix parameters such as EQ and pan, and events such as scene memory or library selection can be recorded and played back in realtime in synchronization with the song. You can also record operations in multiple stages, or edit recorded events later. To record or play back scene memories, you can use the AUTOMIX screen Main page ([AUTOMIX] key → [F1] key), etc.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 2. Play back the song from the beginning, and watch the L/R level meter in the level meters/counter section. If the red 0 dB segment lights, lower faders 1–16 and/or the STEREO fader. E –dB 0 H M S F ms REMAIN ABS REL WORD CLOCK 44.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 However with this monitoring method, the signal will pass through the monitor channel and the output channel, meaning that you will not necessarily be monitoring in a “flat” state. Here’s how you can output the stereo track directly from the MONITOR OUT jacks. 7. In the level meters/counter section, turn the TRACK [CUE] key on.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 Saving a scene/song ❒ Saving a scene If you wish to reproduce the mixer settings as well when you recall the current song at a later time, you must store the current mix parameters as a Scene. 1. Use the [ ]/[ ] keys in the SCENE MEMORY section of the top panel to select the store destination scene number (01–96). The currently selected scene number will appear in the upper right of the level meter/counter.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 3. As desired, assign a scene name of up to 16 characters. (For details on inputting characters, refer to page 60.) When you are finished, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The scene will be stored. ❒ Saving a song The current song will be saved automatically when you create a new song, load an existing song, or perform the shut-down procedure.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 A CONFIRMATION popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the Save operation. Tip! When you shut down the AW4416, the current song will be saved automatically. However, we recommend that you save the song manually when you are finished recording (→ P.176). If you fail to do this, the song will revert to the last-saved state if the power of the AW4416 is turned off accidentally. 3. Move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The song will be saved.
Chapter5—Recording on the AW4416 108 — Operation Guide
6 Transport/locate operations This chapter explains transport and locate operations on the AW4416. Table of transport key operations The function of the keys in the transport section of the AW4416 will change depending on the status (current operating mode) of the transport. The following table shows how the transport keys change function according to the status of the transport.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Shuttle function (cue/review operation) While the transport is stopped or playing, you can operate the [SHUTTLE] dial to play forward (cue) or play backward (review) at various speeds. The cue or review speed will change according to the angle of the [SHUTTLE] dial, as shown in the following diagram.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations 3. To move the current location forward, turn the [DATA/JOG] dial toward the right. To move the current location backward, turn the [DATA/JOG] dial toward the left. If time display (SECOND) is selected as the counter display mode, the current location will move in millisecond steps. If time code display (TIME CODE) is selected as the counter display mode, the current location will move in sub-frame steps.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations ❒ Nudge function settings Here’s how to adjust the nudge time and play mode of the Nudge function. 1. With the song stopped, press the [UTILITY] key → [F3] key. Nudge function settings 2. To set the nudge time, move the cursor to the TIME field of the NUDGE area, and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to set the nudge time (25–800 msec). 3.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Rollback function While the song is stopped or playing, you can press the [ROLL BACK] key of the Locate section to move the current location back by a fixed length. This is convenient when you are playing back, and come to a location that you wish to listen to once again. The rollback time is set to 5 seconds by default, but can be adjusted as desired.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Locating to a specific point You can directly specify a locate point as a numerical value, and locate to it. Here’s how. 1. With the transport stopped, press the [NUM LOCATE] key of the Locate section.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Locating to the zero location of the counter When the song is stopped or playing, you can press the [RTZ] key of the Locate section to locate to the zero location of the currently displayed counter. (If the counter is displaying measures, you will locate to the beginning of the first measure.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations MARK SEARCH NUM LOCATE 7 8 9 MARK LAST REC AUTO PUNCH REPEAT 4 1 IN A 5 OUT 2 B 6 SET 3 ROLL BACK 0 RTZ CANCEL NO 3. If you wish to return the counter to the absolute time display, press the [ABS/REL] key. The specified relative zero location will be displayed as follows in the TRACK screen → TR View page that appears when you press the [TRACK] key → [F1] key.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Locating to the start/end points The start point and end point normally correspond to the beginning and end of the song. When you create a new song, absolute time 00:00:00.000 will be set as the default start point. When you record a song, the last point in the song will automatically be set as the end point. (If you extend the length of the song, the end point will move accordingly.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations A-B repeat A-B Repeat is a function that repeatedly plays back the region between the point A and point B that you specify. The A/B points can be set when the song is either stopped or playing. ❒ Setting the A/B points 1. Locate the song to the location where you wish to set point A (the beginning of the repeated playback). 2. Hold down the Locate section [SET] key and press the [A] key.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations 6. Press the [PLAY] key. Repeated playback between points A/B will begin. 7. To defeat A-B repeat, press the [REPEAT] key. The [REPEAT] key will go dark, indicating that A-B repeat has been defeated. If you pressed the [REPEAT] key to defeat A-B repeat, normal playback will resume from that point. The A/B points that you specify will be displayed as follows in the TRACK screen TR View page that appears when you press the [TRACK] key → [F1] key.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations In/out points The AW4416 remembers the locations at which recording was last begun and ended as the In point and the Out point. When the In and Out points are memorized, the [IN] and [OUT] keys will light. In this state, you can press the [IN] key or the [OUT] key to locate to the In or Out points. You can also set the In or Out points manually. ❒ Setting the In point/Out point 1. Locate the song to the location where you wish to set the In point. 2.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Markers The AW4416 allows you to set up to 99 markers at any desired locations in the song. You can use the [ ]/[ ] keys to search/locate these markers. Markers are convenient when you wish to locate repeatedly to specific points in the song. ❒ Setting a marker 1. Locate the song to the point where you wish to set a marker. 2. Press the Locate section [MARK] key.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations A number in the range of 1–99 will be assigned to each marker you set, and these will be displayed as follows in the TRACK screen TR View page that appears when you press the [TRACK] key → [F1] key. Markers Please note that the numbers 1–99 do not indicate the order in which you specified the markers; they indicate the order from the beginning of the song. For example if you insert a new marker between two existing markers, the subsequent markers will be renumbered.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Adjusting the location of a locate point The location of the Start/End points, A/B points, In/Out points, and Markers can be adjusted as desired. 1. Press the [TRACK] key → [F4] key. A screen will appear in which you can adjust the various locate points.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Start point= 00:00:00:00.00 Absolute time (ABS) zero 00:00:00.000 00:00:05.000 00:00:10.000 00:00:00.000 00:00:05.000 Song Start point = 00:00:05:00.00 Absolute time (ABS) zero – 0:00:05 05.000 Song However, please be aware that changing the Start point will not affect the time code display of the counter.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Deleting a locate point A locate point (except for the Start/End points) can be deleted as follows. Be aware that a locate point you delete cannot be recovered. 1. Press the [TRACK] key → [F4] key. 2. Move the cursor to the display area of the locate point you wish to delete, and press the [ENTER] key. The selected locate point will be deleted. When you delete the In/Out point or the A/B point, the corresponding key ([IN]/[OUT] key or [A]/[B] key) will go dark.
Chapter6—Transport/locate operations Deleting a locate point using the panel keys A locate point (except for the Start/End points) can be deleted as follows using only the panel keys. ❒ Deleting an In/Out point or A/B point Hold down the [CANCEL] key, and press the key for the locate point that you wish to delete ([A]/[B] key or [IN]/[OUT] key). The locate point will be deleted, and the corresponding key will go dark.
7 Punch-in/out This chapter explains how to use punch-in/out. About punch-in/out Punch-in/out is a method for re-recording a portion of a previously recorded track. There are two types of punch-in/out. ❒ Manual punch-in/out (→ P.128) In this method you can punch in or out manually, using the transport keys of the AW4416 or a separately sold foot switch (Yamaha FC-5).
Chapter7—Punch-in/out Manual punch-in/out Here’s how to perform manual punch-in/out. Preparations ❒ Make input monitor settings For the track on which you wish to punch-in/out, you will need to monitor the track playback up to the punch-in point, and then monitor the input signal of the track (the recording source) after you punch-in. To do this, set the input monitor setting to “auto input monitor,” as explained below. 1. Press the [TRACK] key → [F1] key. Input monitor setting 2.
Chapter7—Punch-in/out Manual punch-in/out recording 1. Locate the song to a location earlier than where you wish to punch-in. Tip! If you set a locate point such as a marker or the A/B point at this location, it will be convenient when you later check the recorded result or perform punch-in/out again. For details on setting a locate point, refer to page 114. 2. Press the [REC TRACK SELECT] key for the track that you wish to record.
Chapter7—Punch-in/out Auto punch-in/out Here’s how to use auto punch-in/out. Preparations ❒ Make input monitor settings To perform punch-in/out recording, you will need to select “auto input monitor” as the input monitor setting. For details refer to page 128. ❒ Set the auto punch-in/out points Specify the location at which punch-in/out will start (Auto Punch In point) and end (Auto Punch Out Point). Auto punch-in/out uses the in/out point settings (→ P.120). 1.
Chapter7—Punch-in/out 1. Press the [UTILITY] key → [F3] key. Pre-roll/post-roll time settings 2. Move the cursor to the pre-roll (PREROLL) or post-roll (POSTROLL) fields, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to set the pre-roll time and post-roll time. Rehearsing and recording with auto punchin/out ❒ Rehearsing with auto punch-in/out 1. Press the [REC TRACK SELECT] key for the track that you wish to record using auto punch-in/out. The [REC TRACK SELECT] key will blink, and the track will be in record-ready mode.
Chapter7—Punch-in/out 4. If you wish to rehearse once again, press the [PLAY] key once again while the transport is stopped. Tip! If you press the [REHEARSAL] key before or during rehearsal, operations 1–4 of step 3 will continue repeating. (In this case, the A-B Repeat function will be defeated.) To stop repeating the rehearsal, press the [REPEAT] key once again, or press the [STOP] key. ❒ Recording with auto punch-in/out 5.
8 Patching This chapter explains how to patch the inputs and outputs, and how to use the Quick Rec function to simultaneously record sixteen channels of input sources. Patching to the input channels When the AW4416 is in the default state, input signals are patched to input channels 1–24 as shown in the following diagram. However, you can change the input signals assigned to each input channel as necessary.
Chapter8—Patching 1 2 1 Input channels 1–24 B Return channels 1/2 2. Move the cursor to the channel that you wish to patch, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the signal that you wish to assign. The following signals can be assigned to each channel.
Chapter8—Patching Patching to the recorder inputs When the AW4416 is in the default state, buses 1–8 are assigned respectively to recorder inputs 1–8 and 9–16, but you can assign the direct signals from the input channels as desired. Mixer section Recorder input patch Recorder section ×8 Buses 1–8 ×8 Tracks 1–8 Tracks 9–16 Here’s how to assign the desired signals to recorder inputs 1–16. 1. Press the [SETUP] key → [F1] (Patch IN) key to access the SETUP screen Patch IN page.
Chapter8—Patching Patching to the outputs When the AW4416 is in the default state, the following signals are assigned to the OMNI OUT jacks, STEREO OUT jacks, and digital I/O card outputs. If necessary, you can change the output signals that are assigned to these output jacks.
Chapter8—Patching 2. Move the cursor to the output jack whose patching you wish to change, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the signal that you wish to assign. The following types of signal can be assigned to each output jack.
Chapter8—Patching Patch library Patch settings that you make in the SETUP screen Patch IN page and Patch OUT page can be stored in the patch library as one of twenty patch programs. The contents of the patch library are saved on the internal hard disk as part of the song. Here’s how to use the patch library. ❒ Storing to the patch library Here’s how to assign a name to your patch settings, and store them in the patch library. 1. Press the [SETUP] key → [F3] (Patch Lib) key.
Chapter8—Patching Tip! You can also write the patch program directly, without accessing the TITLE EDIT popup window. To do so, turn off the STORE CONFIRMATION setting in the UTILITY screen Prefer.1 page ([UTILITY] key → [F2] key). In this case, your settings will be saved in a library named “New Data” when you execute step 3. 5. To execute the Store operation, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter8—Patching Patching input/output jacks to an insert I/O point You can patch various input/output jacks to the insert I/O point of a channel. This patching method allows you to apply an external effect to a monitor channel during mixdown. 1. Use the MIXING LAYER section keys and the [SEL] keys to select the channel whose insert I/O point you wish to patch to input/output jacks. 2. Press the [VIEW] key → [F1] key. The display will show the VIEW screen CH View page.
Chapter8—Patching 5. Move the cursor to the SEND field, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the insert send jack. You can select from the following jacks.
Chapter8—Patching 7. When you have finished making patching settings, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The EFFECT INSERT field will indicate “ON [EXTERNAL] ,” indicating that the selected input/output jacks have been patched to the insert I/O point. Tip! To defeat the patching of an insert I/O point, use the ASSIGN button of the EFFECT INSERT field to access the EFF.INSERT SETTING popup window, turn on the OFF button, and select the OK button.
Chapter8—Patching Using the Quick Rec function Quick Rec is a function that rapidly makes the appropriate settings so that you can simultaneously record sixteen input sources to audio tracks 1–16. When you execute Quick Rec, groups of eight input sources will be assigned directly to tracks 1–16, and input patch and mix parameter settings will also be reset. All that remains for you to do is to press the [REC] key + [PLAY] key, and you will be ready to record sixteen tracks simultaneously.
Chapter8—Patching 3. Move the cursor to the EXECUTE button in the lower right of the display, and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm execution of Quick Rec. 4. To execute the Quick Rec settings, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. All [REC TRACK SELECT] keys will blink, and the input patch settings and mix parameters of each channel will be reset. At this time, the signal flow will be as follows.
Chapter8—Patching 6. Play back the audio source connected to the input jacks of the I/O cards (slots 1/2). The levels of the signals sent from the I/O card INPUT to tracks 1–16 (i.e., recording levels) will be displayed in the level meter/counter. 7. As necessary, use the faders of input channels 1–16 to adjust the recording level of tracks 1–16. The faders of input channels 1–16 will be reset to nominal level (0 dB) when Quick Rec is executed. Adjust the recording level if necessary.
Chapter8—Patching 146 — Operation Guide
9 Track and virtual track operations This chapter explains the track structure of the recorder section, and how to perform editing and other operations. The track structure of the AW4416 The recorder section of the AW4416 handles three types of tracks: audio tracks, virtual tracks, and the stereo track. ❍ Audio tracks These are physical tracks that are used for actual recording and playback, and are also referred to simply as “tracks.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations To defeat muting of tracks 1–16, you must first reduce the number of recordready tracks to eight tracks or fewer, and then use the TRACK screen TR View page ([TRACK] key → [F1] key) to manually un-mute each track. (For details refer to Reference Guide “TRACK screen.”) By pressing the [ALL SAFE] button in the level meter/counter section, you can cancel record-ready/mute status for all tracks at once.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations Switching virtual tracks Here’s how to switch the virtual track that a specific track will use. 1. Press the [TRACK] key → [F2] key. The TRACK screen V.Track page will appear in the display. 2 1 3 This page shows the following information. 1 Track number These are the track numbers 1–16. B Track name These are the names assigned to the virtual track currently selected for each track. By default, virtual tracks that have already been recorded will be named “V.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 2. Move the cursor to the virtual track number that you wish to assign to track 1, and press the [ENTER] key. The virtual track number you select will be highlighted. Now you can record and play back the newly selected virtual track without affecting the previous virtual track.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations Pairing tracks Adjacent odd-numbered → even-numbered tracks (tracks 1/2, tracks 3/4 ... tracks 15/16) can be set as a stereo pair. Paired tracks will always operate in tandem, such as when tracks are selected for editing, or when you switch virtual tracks. For example if you pair two tracks on which a stereo source was recorded, both tracks can be processed by a single operation, for greater convenience.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations Editing tracks and virtual tracks A variety of editing operations can be performed on the audio data recorded on tracks 1–16 of the AW4416, such as copying data between tracks, moving data to an earlier or later location within the same track, or changing the pitch. In the same way, you can also copy or move data between the virtual tracks 1–8 that are included in each track. The following pages explain how to edit tracks and virtual tracks.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations Naming a virtual track or region When you record something on a track, the following default name will be assigned to that virtual track. • Default virtual track name .. V.Tr x-y (x=track number, y=virtual track number) • Default region name ........... VTxy (x=track number, y=virtual track number) If multiple regions exist in the same track (i.e., if you recorded the track in more than one stage), all the default region names will be the same.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 3. Move the cursor to the NAME menu and press the [ENTER] key. Buttons to specify NAME menu options will appear. 4. Move the cursor to the TRACK button and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the area at the bottom of the screen. 5. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the track that you wish to name, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 6. Move the cursor to the NAME button and press the [ENTER] key. A NAME EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the track/region. 7. When you have finished inputting the name, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. (For details on inputting characters, refer to page 60.) You will return to the screen of step 1. Tip! You can assign a track name of up to 16 characters. In the TRACK screen etc.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 5. Use the CURSOR [ ]/[ ]/[ ]/[ ] keys to select the region that you wish to name, and press the [ENTER] key. 6. Move the cursor to the NAME button and press the [ENTER] key. A NAME EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to assign a name to the region. 7. When you have finished inputting the name, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. (For details on inputting characters, refer to page 60.) You will return to the screen of step 1.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations E TRACK/PART/REGION menus These respectively access editing commands for editing entire tracks, parts, or regions. Move the cursor to the desired menu, and press the [ENTER] key to view the list of editing commands. F Parameter setting area In this area you can make the necessary parameter settings when executing the editing command. 2.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 4. To change the parameter settings, move the cursor to the corresponding button. The lower part of the display will show the settings of the parameter at which the cursor is currently located. 5. Press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the setting area in the lower part of the display. The screen shown below is an example of when the COPY command is selected. 6. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to modify the parameter value, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 8. To execute the editing command, move the cursor to the EXECUTE button, and press the [ENTER] key. The editing command you selected in step 3 will be executed. Tip! • If you wish to halt the editing operation, move the cursor to a button in the top level, and press the [ENTER] key. • As exceptions, the TRACK menu NAME command and the REGION menu NAME command do not require you to use the EXECUTE button.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations E TRACK/PART/REGION menus These respectively access editing commands for editing entire tracks, parts, or regions. Move the cursor to the desired menu, and press the [ENTER] key to view the list of editing commands. F Parameter setting area In this area you can make the necessary parameter settings when executing the editing command. 2. Move the cursor to the track number area and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the track (1–16) that you wish to edit.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 9. To execute the editing command, move the cursor to the EXECUTE button, and press the [ENTER] key. The editing command you selected in step 4 will be executed. Tip! • If you wish to halt the editing operation, move the cursor to a button in the top level, and press the [ENTER] key. • As exceptions, the TRACK menu NAME command and the REGION menu NAME command do not require you to use the EXECUTE button.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations PART menu These commands edit data in units of parts. When using these commands, you will need to specify not only the track for editing, but also the editing start location (START) and end location (END). ❍ ERASE Erase the audio data of the selected part. Audio data following that part will not be affected. ❍ DELETE Delete the audio data of the selected part. Audio data following that part will move forward by the length of the deleted data.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations REGION menu These commands edit data in units of regions. ❍ NAME Assign a name to a region. ❍ ERASE Erase the selected region. Audio data following that region will not be affected. ❍ DELETE Delete the selected region. Audio data following that region will move forward by the length of the deleted data. ❍ COPY Copy the selected region to the specified location of the specified track.
Chapter9—Track and virtual track operations 164 — Operation Guide
10 Internal effects This chapter explains the two built-in effects of the AW4416. About the internal effects The AW4416 contains two multi-effect units (respectively called “effect 1” and “effect 2”). In general, the internal effects can be used in the following two ways. ❒ Using AUX send/return In this method, the two AUX sends are used to send signals from each channel to the inputs of effects 1/2, and the outputs of effects 1/2 are mixed with the signals of the stereo bus or buses 1–8.
Chapter10—Internal effects Using AUX send/return to apply an effect As an example of using an effect with AUX send/return, here’s how to apply effect 1 via AUX bus 7. ❒ Patching Make sure that the AUX send/return patching for effect 1 is appropriate. 1. Press the [SETUP] key → [F1] (Patch IN) key. The SETUP screen Patch IN page will appear. If the Patch IN tab is not assigned to the [F1] key, press the [SHIFT] key + [F1] key to switch the tab, and then press the [F1] key. 2.
Chapter10—Internal effects ❒ Recalling an effect program from the library The AW4416 provides 41 effect types such as Reverb Hall, Gate Reverb, and Stereo Delay. The effect type library contains factory-set effect programs that use these effect types. Here’s how to recall an effect program of the effect type you wish to use. 1. Press the [AUX 7] key → [F2] key. The AUX7/EFF1 screen Library page will appear. A list of effect programs will be displayed.
Chapter10—Internal effects 3. Move the cursor to the RECALL button, and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the recall operation. Tip! It is also possible to recall the effect program directly, without displaying the popup window that asks you to confirm the recall operation. To do so, access the UTILITY screen Pref. 1 page ([UTILITY] key → [F2] key), and turn RECALL CONFIRMATION off. 4.
Chapter10—Internal effects ❒ Switching between pre-fader and post-fader For each monitor channel, you can select the location (pre-fader or post-fader) from which the signal will be sent to AUX 7. 1. Press the [AUX 7] → [F4] key. The Pre/PstMON page will appear, where you can make pre-/post-fader settings for monitor channels 1–16. Tip! When the AW4416 is in the initial state, this will be set to post-fader. 2.
Chapter10—Internal effects ❒ Adjusting the send level/return level Here’s how to adjust the send level for each monitor channel, and the return level of the return channel. 1. Press the [HOME] key → [17-24 RTN] key. [SEL] keys 15/16, [ON] keys 15/16, and faders 15/16 will be assigned to return channels 1/2. At this time, faders 15/16 will adjust the input level of the return signals from effects 1/2.
Chapter10—Internal effects Inserting an effect into a desired channel If you defeat their assignment to AUX 7/8, the AW4416’s internal effects can be inserted into a desired channel. As an example, here’s how effect 2 can be inserted into monitor channel 1. ❒ Patching Here’s how to release effect 2 from its assignment to AUX send 8, and use it as an insertion effect. 1. Press the [SETUP] key → [F1] (Patch IN) key. The SETUP screen Patch IN page will appear in the display.
Chapter10—Internal effects An effect that has been specified for insertion cannot again be used via AUX send/return until you reassign it to the AUX bus in the EFFECT PATCH area. If RTN 2 is set to “EFF 2 L/R” in the Patch IN page, performing this step will automatically cancel the assignment. ❒ Inserting an effect into monitor channel 1 1. Press [MONI] key → [SEL] key 1. Monitor channel 1 will be selected. 2. Press the [VIEW] key → [F1] key. The VIEW screen CH View page will appear in the display. 3.
Chapter10—Internal effects 4. To insert effect 2, move the cursor to the INT.EFF2 button and press the [ENTER] key. In the popup window, SEND will change to “EFF2,” and RTN. will change to “EFF 2L.” This indicates that the input of effect 2 has been patched to the insert send of monitor channel 1, and the L output of effect 2 has been patched to the insert return. Tip! • Regardless of the channel, the effect will be inserted at a position immediately after the attenuator.
Chapter10—Internal effects ❒ Recalling an effect program Here’s how you can recall the desired program for effect 2 from the effect library. 1. Press the [AUX 8] key → [F2] key. The AUX8/EFF2 screen Library page will appear in the display. 2. Move the cursor to the list at the bottom of the display, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the effect program that you wish to recall. 3. Move the cursor to the RECALL button, and press the [ENTER] key. The selected program will be recalled to effect 2. 4.
11 Song management This chapter explains song management operations such as saving, loading, deleting, or copying songs. About songs On the AW4416, all the data necessary to reproduce a musical composition you create (i.e., mixer settings, recorder settings, audio data, etc.) is saved in the internal hard disk as a “song.” By loading a song into internal memory, you can return to the saved state at any time. A song includes the following data.
Chapter11—Song management Saving/loading a song Here’s how to save the current song on the internal hard disk, and how to load a song from the internal hard disk into the current song. ❒ Saving the current song 1. Press the [SONG] key → [F1] key. The SONG screen Song List page will appear in the display. A list of information on the songs currently saved on the internal hard disk will appear in the upper part of the display. The current song will be highlighted in the list.
Chapter11—Song management 3. To execute the Save operation, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. Tip! • If you decide to cancel without saving, move the cursor to the CANCEL button and press the [ENTER] key. • If the free space on the internal hard disk is running low, execute the Song Optimize operation (→ P.182). You can also back up desired songs on an external device such as CD-RW or MO (→ P.246). ❒ Loading a song 1. Press the [SONG] key → [F1] key.
Chapter11—Song management Editing the song name/comment When you create a new song, a default song name “xxxx - NEW SONG -” (xxxxx will be a serial number) will be assigned unless you specify otherwise, and the comment will be blank. You can edit the song name and comment afterward. 1. Press the [SONG] key → [F2] key. The SONG screen Setting page will appear. The SONG NAME field in the upper part of the screen will show the song name of the current song, and the COMMENT field will show the comment.
Chapter11—Song management Deleting/copying a song Here’s how to delete a song saved on the internal hard disk, or copy (duplicate) a song within the hard disk. ❒ Deleting a song 1. Press the [SONG] key → [F3] key. The SONG screen Song Edit page will appear in the display. The upper part of the display will show a list of the songs currently saved on the hard disk. The current song will be highlighted in the list.
Chapter11—Song management 2. Move the cursor to the list in the upper part of the display, use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the song that you wish to delete, and press the [ENTER] key. An “E” symbol will appear at the left within the list, indicating that the corresponding song is selected for deletion. Tip! • If you select a song that is already marked with an “E” and press the [ENTER] key, the “E” symbol will disappear, and the song will be excluded from the Delete operation.
Chapter11—Song management ❒ Copying a song 1. Press the [SONG] key → [F3] key to access the SONG screen Song Edit page. 2. Move the cursor to the list in the upper part of the display. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the song that you wish to copy, and press the [ENTER] key. An “E” symbol will appear in the left edge of the list, indicating that the corresponding song is selected for the Copy operation. Tip! You may select multiple songs (including the current song) for copying. 3.
Chapter11—Song management Optimizing a song By using the top panel [UNDO] key and [REDO] key, you can cancel or re-execute the last-performed recording or track editing operation. By repeatedly pressing the [UNDO] key, you can retrace as many as 15 previous operations. Undo/ redo can be a very convenient function, but when you record or perform a track editing operation, data for the corresponding number of Undo operations must be maintained, and this data will occupy space on the hard disk.
Chapter11—Song management Tip! If you decide to cancel the Optimize command without executing, move the cursor to the CANCEL button and press the [ENTER] key. Importing mixer data of an existing song You can extract the scene memory, automix, tempo map, and library data (referred to as “mixer data”) of a previously-saved song, and import it into the current song. For example, this function is convenient when an existing song has a special effect library that you wish to use in a newly created song.
Chapter11—Song management • The current song cannot be selected as the import source. If you execute Import when the current song is marked with an “E” symbol, an error message will be displayed. • It is not possible to select two or more songs as the import source. 5. Move the cursor to the MIXER IMP button and press the [ENTER] key. The MIXER DATA IMPORT popup window will appear. 6. Turn on the button(s) for the type(s) of mixer data that you wish to import. (You may select more than one.) • SCENE MEM.
12 Sampling pads This chapter explains the sampling pads of the AW4416. About the sampling pads The AW4416 has a sampling pad function that allows you to play samples by striking pads. By striking the eight pads in the SAMPLING PAD section you can play up to sixteen samples held in RAM, and record your playing on a simple sequencer that is linked with the recorder. A sample can be assigned to a pad on one of three ways.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Assigning the pad outputs to channels In order to use the sampling pads, you must first assign each pad output to an input channel 1–24. The output of a pad that is assigned to a channel can be controlled by attenuation, phase, EQ, and dynamics in the same way as a conventional input, and can be recorded on a track of the recorder. 1. Press the [SETUP] key → [F1] key. The SETUP screen Patch In page will appear, allowing you to select the input signal for each input channel.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Assigning a region to a sampling pad In order to use the pads to play samples, you must first assign the desired samples to those pads. There are three ways to assign samples to pads. 1 Assign a desired region from tracks 1–16 of the recorder section B Import an audio CD track from an internal/external CD-RW drive C Import a WAV file from a SCSI device As an example, here’s how to assign a region that was previously recorded on a track. 1.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 2. Move the cursor to the PAD SEL button in the upper left of the display, and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the PAD No. area in the lower right of the display. Pads to which nothing is assigned will be displayed as “-NO ASN-”. PAD No. area 3. Use the [CURSOR] keys and the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the pad bank (A/B) and pad number (1–8) to which a region will be assigned. 4. Press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will return to the PAD SEL button. 5.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 8. Move the cursor to the EXECUTE button, and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the assignment to the pad. 9. To execute the assignment, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. When the assignment is completed, the display will indicate “COMPLETE.” Tip! When you assign a region to a pad, a name of “Smpltr” will automatically be assigned to that pad. If you wish to change this name, refer to page 193.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Trimming a sample You can make fine adjustments to the playback start location and playback end location of a sample assigned to a pad in order to eliminate unwanted portions at the beginning and end. Use the TRIM IN command to adjust the playback start location, and use the TRIM OUT command to adjust the playback end location. Trimming a sample will not increase the sample size that can be assigned to the sampling pads.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Buttons for setting the TRIM IN/TRIM OUT command parameters will appear. 3. Move the cursor to the PAD button, and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the PAD No. area in the lower right. 4. Use the [CURSOR] keys and the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the pad bank and pad number that you wish to trim. 5. Press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will return to the PAD button. 6.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 7. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to specify the amount of trimming in sample units. 8. Press the [ENTER] key. 9. Move the cursor to the EXECUTE button, and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the trimming operation. 10. To execute the trimming operation, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The beginning or end of the sample will be deleted as you specified. Strike the pad to hear the results.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Naming a pad You can name each pad to which a sample is assigned. 1. In the SAMPLING PAD section, press the [EDIT] pad → [F4] key. The PAD Edit page will appear. 2. Move the cursor to the NAME menu and press the [ENTER] key. The display will show the PAD button used to select a pad, and the NAME button used to assign a name. NAME button 3. Move the cursor to the PAD button and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the PAD No. area at the lower right. 4.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 6. Move the cursor to the NAME button and press the [ENTER] key. The NAME EDIT popup window will appear, allowing you to input the name. Tip! A name of up to eight characters can be input. 7. After assigning the desired name, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. Tip! For details on inputting characters, refer to page 60. Erasing a pad sample and name Here’s how to erase the sample and name assigned to a pad, returning that pad to the initial state. 1.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 3. Move the cursor to the PAD button and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the PAD No. area at the lower right. 4. Use the [CURSOR] keys and the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the bank and pad number of the pad that you wish to erase. 5. Press the [ENTER] key. Press the [ENTER] key. The pad will be selected, and the cursor will return to the PAD button. 6. Move the cursor to the EXECUTE button, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Recording your performance on the sampling pads The AW4416 provides a simple sequencer dedicated to the sampling pads which operates in conjunction with the recorder. This simple sequencer records the timing of the trigger events that occur when you strike a pad, and can be used to layer kick or snare sounds on the audio tracks, or to add sound effects. Events in a specified area can also be copied repeatedly as a pattern, or erased.
Chapter12—Sampling pads E Pad tracks These tracks record the timing of the trigger events for each pad. The time from while you press the pad until you release it is shown as a bar graph. F COPY/ERASE menu This menu accesses commands for copying/erasing previously-recorded trigger events. Move the cursor to the desired menu and press the [ENTER] key to access the list of commands. G Parameter value area In this area you can set the parameters required to execute the command. 2.
Chapter12—Sampling pads 5. Use the [CURSOR] keys and the [ENTER] key to change the R column from ● back to O, and play back the recorder to hear the playback of the trigger events. Be aware that if you play back the recorder when the R column still displays ● and strike the pads, your new performance will be recorded. Tip! If you switch the M column of a pad from O to ●, that pad track will be muted even if you play back the recorder.
Chapter12—Sampling pads ❍ FR. PAD (from pad) Specify the copy source pad track. ❍ FR. START (from start) ❍ FR. END (from end) Specify the beginning (FR. START) and end (FR. END) of the area that will be copied from the pad track specified by FR. PAD. The specified area will be selected as a pattern. ❍ TO PAD Select the copy destination pad track. ❍ TO START Specify the location in the pad track selected by TO PAD at which the data will be copied.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Tip! • If you set the counter to measure units, you can set the FR. START, FR. END, and TO START parameters in measure/beat units. • Instead of using the [DATA/JOG] dial to vary a location continuously, you can use the keys of the locate section to move instantly to a desired locate point or marker. 3. Move the cursor to the parameter whose setting you wish to change, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Erasing a pad performance Here’s how to erase a pad performance that you recorded. 1. In the SAMPLING PAD section, press the [EDIT] pad → [F5] key. The Trig. List page will appear. ERASE button 2. Move the cursor to the ERASE menu, and press the [ENTER] key. The parameters for the Erase command will appear. Each parameter has the following function. ❍ PAD Select the pad track that will be erased.
Chapter12—Sampling pads Tip! • If you set the counter to measure units, you can set the START and END parameters in measure/beat units. • Instead of using the [DATA/JOG] dial to vary a location continuously, you can use the keys of the locate section to move instantly to a desired locate point or marker. 3. Move the cursor to the parameter whose setting you wish to change, and press the [ENTER] key. The cursor will move to the parameter setting, and the value of the selected parameter will be displayed.
13 Scene memory This chapter explains the scene memory function and how to use it. About scene memory On the AW4416, settings such as the mix parameters of each channel, external input/output patching, and effect 1/2 parameters can be assigned a name and stored in internal memory as a “scene.” The memory area in which these scenes are stored is called “scene memory.” Up to 96 scenes can be stored for a single song, and can be recalled by operations of the AW4416’s keys or by the automix function.
Chapter13—Scene memory The currently recalled scene number is displayed at the upper right of the level meter/counter. When a key of the MIXER section, FADER MODE section, AUTOMATION section, or UNIT section (except for the [FILE] key) is pressed, the upper right of the display will show the number and name of the currently recalled scene. TC SCENE TER VE E Scene number –dB 0 FINE 2 H M S F ms AIN BS EL 0 2 6 2 0 0 42 0 Y T WORD CLOCK 44.
Chapter13—Scene memory 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the store destination scene number (01–96). • Scene number 00 is for recall only, and cannot be stored. • Be aware that if you select a previously-stored scene number and execute the Store operation, the previous scene will be lost. 3. Use the CURSOR [ ]/[ ]/[ ]/[ ] keys to move the cursor to the STORE button in the screen, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter13—Scene memory Recalling a scene Here’s how to recall the scene data stored in a scene memory. 1. Press the [SCENE] key → [F1] key. The Scene Mem page of the SCENE screen will appear. 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the scene that you wish to recall. 3. Use the CURSOR [ ]/[ ]/[ ]/[ ] keys to move the cursor to the RECALL button and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the recall. 4.
Chapter13—Scene memory Editing the name of a scene Here’s how you can edit just the name of a stored scene. 1. Press the [SCENE] key → [F1] key. The Scene Mem page of the SCENE screen will appear. 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the scene whose scene name you wish to edit. It is not possible to select a scene that has not been stored, a scene whose protect setting is on, or scene number 00. 3.
Chapter13—Scene memory Protecting a scene You can memory-protect each individual scene that has been stored. A scene number for which protect is turned on can only be recalled. 1. Press the [SCENE] key → [F1] key. The Scene Mem page of the SCENE screen will appear. 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the scene number that you wish to protect. It is not possible to select a scene number that has not been stored or scene number 00. 3.
Chapter13—Scene memory By using the PROTECTION ON/OFF GLOBAL buttons in the Scene Mem page, you can turn protect on/off for entire groups of scene memories. ❍ SCENE 01–50 ON/OFF buttons Turn protect on/off for scene numbers 01–50. ❍ SCENE 51–96 ON/OFF buttons Turn protect on/off for scene numbers 51–96. Changing the order of scenes Any scene saved in scene numbers 01–96 can be moved to a different scene number. 1. Press the [SCENE] key → [F4] key.
Chapter13—Scene memory 3. Press the CURSOR [ ] key to move the cursor to the list at right (DESTINATION), and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the move destination. In this example, we will select a location between scene numbers 01 and 02. 4. To move the scene, press the CURSOR [ ] key to move the cursor to the EXECUTE button and press the [ENTER] key. Scene “D” will move to scene number 02, and the scene numbers of scenes “B” and “C” will be incremented.
Chapter13—Scene memory Using keys to store/recall a scene You can also store/recall a scene by using the keys of the SCENE MEMORY section. By using this method, you can perform these operations even when you are in a screen other than the Scene Mem page of the SCENE screen. For example, this method is convenient when you are editing mix parameters, and wish to overwrite the same scene repeatedly. Storing a scene 1. Use the [ ]/[ ] keys to select the store destination scene number.
Chapter13—Scene memory Recalling a scene 1. Use the [ recall. ]/[ ] keys to select the scene number that you wish to The scene number is displayed in the upper right of the level meter/counter. 2. Press the [RECALL] key. A popup window will appear in the display, asking you to confirm the recall. 3. To execute the recall, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key.
14 Automix This chapter explains how to record and play back automix, and how to edit a recorded automix. What is automix? The AW4416 provides an “automix function” that allows controller operations and parameter changes to be recorded in realtime along with the song. Scene recall operations or movements of the channel faders and [ON] keys can be recorded into the automix to completely automate the mix. You will find this particularly valuable when performing ping-pong recording or during mixdown.
Chapter14—Automix Creating a new automix In order to record an automix, you must first create a new automix. When you create a new automix, the contents of the current automix will be erased. If you wish to save the contents of the current automix, refer to page 228 “Storing an automix.” 1. While playing back the beginning of the song, set the channel faders, pan, EQ, and effect send/return etc., and save the settings in a scene memory.
Chapter14—Automix 5. Press the [F4] key. The Event List page will appear, where you can edit the events recorded in the current automix. On Notice that data for the scene number you saved in step 1 is entered at the “00:00:00.000” location in the TIME column. This event recalls a scene at absolute time location “00:00:00.000” of the song. When you create a new automix, data recalling the current scene (the last recalled or stored scene) will be written into this location.
Chapter14—Automix Recording the first section Here we will explain the procedure for recording fader operations of the monitor channels. 1. Press the [HOME] key of the FADER MODE section, and the [MONI] key of the MIXING LAYER section. Faders 1–16 will function as the channel faders for monitor channels 1–16. 2. Locate the song to a point slightly earlier than where you wish to begin recording the automix. 3. Press the [AUTOMIX] key → [F1] key. AUTOMIX field 4.
Chapter14—Automix Scene and library recall operations can be recorded at any time, regardless of these settings. 6. Move the cursor to the REC button in the screen, and press the [ENTER] key. The REC button will blink, indicating that the AW4416 is ready to record automix. 7. Use the [SEL] keys to select the channels whose fader operations you wish to record. When automix is in record-ready mode, you can use the [SEL] keys to select the channel that will be recorded.
Chapter14—Automix 11. If you wish to update the automix with the newly recorded content, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. The automix will be updated. If you move the cursor to the CANCEL button and press the [ENTER] key, the recorded content will be discarded, and the automix will return to its previous state.
Chapter14—Automix The on-screen PLAY button will turn on (the STOP button will turn off), and automix will begin playing automatically. Note If you begin playback from the middle of the song, automix will also begin playing from the same location. At this time if any automix events exist before the playback start location, automix will begin playback from a state of having executed all of these earlier events (i.e., the mix will be updated before playback begins). 5.
Chapter14—Automix 4. Make sure that the button in the AUTOMIX field is displayed as “ENABLE.” 5. Move the cursor to the OVERWRITE field. Turn the PAN button and EQ button on, and the remaining buttons (FADER, CH ON) off. 6. Move the cursor to the on-screen REC button, and press the [ENTER] key. 7. Press [SEL] key 1. Monitor channel 1 will be selected for recording. You can use the [SEL] keys to select multiple channels for overwriting.
Chapter14—Automix Automix punch-in/out If you make a mistake while recording the automix, you can re-record just the location of your error (punch-in/out). As an example here, we will explain how to punch-in/out to re-record the pan operations of monitor channel 1 that you already recorded. When punching-in/out on only a specific channel, it is convenient to use the on-screen AUTO REC button instead of the on-screen REC button. 1.
Chapter14—Automix 6. Press the top panel [PLAY] key to play back the song. When song playback is started with the AUTO REC button on, the REC button will be turned on automatically, and automix will be in record mode. However, recording will not actually occur since the recording channel has not yet been selected. 7. When the song arrives at the punch-in location, press [SEL] key 1 (monitor channel 1).
Chapter14—Automix Editing the fader movements Fader operation events recorded in the automix can be precisely edited in realtime while watching the fader movements in a special screen. As an example here, we will explain how to edit the previously-recorded fader movements of monitor channel 1. 1. Press the [HOME] key of the FADER MODE section, and the [MONI] key of the MIXING LAYER section. 2. Locate the song to a point slightly earlier that where you wish to punchin. 3.
Chapter14—Automix 6. Make sure that the ABSOLUTE button in the FADER EDIT MODE field is turned on. The two buttons of the FADER EDIT MODE field in the screen are used to select the fader editing method. When the ABSOLUTE button is on, previouslyrecorded events will be erased, and new events will be recorded. Note Use the RELATIVE button when you wish to make relative changes to the previously-recorded fader events. For details refer to the Reference Guide “AUTOMIX screen/Main page.” 7.
Chapter14—Automix 11. When you are finished with punch-in/out, press the top panel [STOP] key. A message will ask you whether you wish to update the automix with the newly recorded content. If you wish to update the automix, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. Editing automix off-line While the AW4416 is off-line, you can adjust the timing or value of previouslyrecorded events, or delete unwanted events. The following types of event can be edited off-line.
Chapter14—Automix 2. Move the cursor to the SCENE/LIB button, and press the [ENTER] key. The scene/library recall events recorded in the automix will be displayed in the list. The event enclosed by the dashed line in the center of the list is the event currently selected for editing. 3. Move the cursor to the at the left of the list, and rotate the [DATA/ JOG] dial to scroll the list and select the event that you wish to edit. 4.
Chapter14—Automix When you change the timing of an event, the cursor may jump one or more rows of the list to another location. This is because events are sorted in order of time, and is not a malfunction. The timing of events can be adjusted in fine steps of 25 msec. Note If the SELECTED CH ONLY button in the upper right of the screen is turned on, the screen will display only events of the channel selected by the [SEL] key. 6.
Chapter14—Automix Storing an automix When you have completed the current automix, you should assign a name and store it in automix memory. Sixteen automixes can be stored in internal memory. Note Automix data that you store is saved on the hard disk as part of the current song. This means that you can create up to sixteen different automix versions for one song, and compare them at any time. 1. Press the [AUTOMIX] key → [F2] key. 2.
Chapter14—Automix Tip! If you turn STORE CONFIRMATION “OFF” in the Prefer.1 page of the UTILITY screen ([UTILITY] key → [F2] key), the automix will be stored in the specified automix number without this screen appearing. This method is convenient when you wish to repeatedly overwrite an automix into the same automix number. The internal automix memory is shared between the current automix and a maximum of sixteen stored automixes.
Chapter14—Automix Recalling an automix Here’s how to recall an automix that was saved in memory. 1. Press the [AUTOMIX] key → [F2] key. 2. Move the cursor to the list in the center of the screen, and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the automix number that you wish to recall. 3. Move the cursor to the RECALL button located at the left of the list, and press the [ENTER] key. A message will ask you to confirm that you wish to recall the automix number selected in step 2. 4.
15 MIDI This chapter explains how you can use MIDI when operating the AW4416. What you can do using MIDI On the AW4416, MIDI can be used to perform the following operations. ❍ Change scenes by remote control By transmitting program changes from an external device to the AW4416, you can switch AW4416 scenes by remote control. You can also cause program changes to be transmitted to an external device when you select scenes on the AW4416.
Chapter15—MIDI MIDI connectors and the TO HOST connector The AW4416 provides the following connectors used to convey MIDI messages. MIDI MTC OUT OUT/ THRU IN ❍ MIDI IN connector MIDI messages such as program change, MMC, and MTC are received at this connector. ❍ MIDI OUT/THRU connector By changing the setting of an internal parameter, this connector can function either as a MIDI OUT connector or a MIDI THRU connector.
Chapter15—MIDI Using the TO HOST connector for direct connection to your computer Connections To exchange MIDI messages directly between the AW4416 and your computer, use a separately sold cable to connect the TO HOST connector of the AW4416 to the serial port of your computer.
Chapter15—MIDI ❍ Apple Macintosh series: 8-pin system peripheral cable mini DIN 8-pin 7 6 8 3 4 5 1 2 mini DIN 8-pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 (HSK i) 1 (HSK O) 5 (RxD -) 4 (GND) 3 (TxD -) 8 (RxD +) 7 (GPI) 6 (TxD +) 7 6 8 3 4 5 1 2 In the case of some Macintosh computers that have no modem/printer cable, it is not possible to make direct connections to the AW4416’s TO HOST connector.
Chapter15—MIDI Switching AW4416 scenes from an external device By transmitting program changes from an external device to the AW4416, you can recall AW4416 scene memories by remote control. 1. Connect the MIDI OUT connector of the external device to the MIDI IN connector of the AW4416. MIDI IN connector MIDI OUT connector PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION External device (MIDI sequencer etc.) AW4416 2. Press the [MIDI] key, and then press the [F1] key. The MIDI Setup page will appear in the display.
Chapter15—MIDI 5. Press the [F3] key. The PGM Asgn. page will appear, allowing you to assign AW4416 scene numbers to each program number 1–128. The “PGM CHG.” column is the program change number, and the “SCENE MEM.No./TITLE” column is the scene number and title.
Chapter15—MIDI If you select “–NO ASSIGN–,” no scene number will be assigned to that program change number. If you select a scene number which has not been stored in the AW4416’s internal memory, the title area will indicate “[ No Data! ].” If the same scene number is assigned to multiple program change numbers, recalling the corresponding scene will cause only the lowest of the assigned program change numbers to be transmitted.
Chapter15—MIDI Using MTC to synchronize the AW4416 and a MIDI sequencer MTC can be transmitted from the MTC OUT connector of the AW4416 to an external device such as a MIDI sequencer or computer, causing the MIDI sequencer (or computer-based sequencer program) to synchronize to the AW4416 song. 1. Use a MIDI cable to connect the AW4416’s MTC OUT connector to the MIDI IN connector of your MIDI sequencer.
Chapter15—MIDI The following screen will appear in the display. 6. Move the cursor to the TIME CODE area, and turn on one of the 24/25/ 30/30D (drop) buttons to select the frame rate. By default, a frame rate of 30 is selected. The frame rate you select here will also affect the time code that is displayed in the counter. 7. If you wish to display time code in the counter, move the cursor to the TIME CODE button in the DISPLAY area, and press the [ENTER] key. 8.
Chapter15—MIDI Using MIDI Clock to synchronize the AW4416 and a MIDI sequencer Here we will explain how MIDI Clock (and Song Position Pointer) messages can be transmitted from the AW4416 instead of MTC, and used to synchronize an external MIDI sequencer. Use this method if the MIDI sequencer or rhythm machine you wish to synchronize with the AW4416 does not support MTC, or if you wish to specify the locate positions in terms of measures/beats. 1.
Chapter15—MIDI 4. Press the [F2] key. The MIDI Sync page will appear in the display. 5. Move the cursor to the MIDI CLOCK button in the SYNC OUT area, and press the [ENTER] key. Also make sure that the MASTER button in the MTC SYNC area is on. With these settings, MIDI Clock messages will be transmitted from the MIDI OUT/THRU connector when the AW4416 is running. 6. Press the [SONG] key → [F2] key, and turn on the MEASURE button in the DISPLAY area.
Chapter15—MIDI 8. Move the cursor to the METER area of the beat map, and use the [DATA/ JOG] dial to specify the time signature for measure 1. The time signature can be specified in a range of 1/2–8/8. 9. If you wish to change time signatures in the middle of the song, switch the EDIT SELECT buttons at the bottom of the screen to METER. Then move the cursor to the NEW button and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter15—MIDI Using MMC to control the AW4416 MMC (MIDI Machine Control) is a group of MIDI messages used to control the transport of an audio recorder etc. from an external MIDI device. The AW4416 supports MMC transmission and reception. This means that an external MIDI device can control AW4416 transport operations, locate operations, selection and disabling of recording tracks, or conversely that the AW4416 can control transport and other operations on another MMC-compatible device.
Chapter15—MIDI 4. Move the cursor to the SLAVE button in the MMC area, and press the [ENTER] key. With this setting the AW4416 will function as an MMC slave device. 5. Move the cursor to the MMC DEV. knob, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to set the MMC device ID. The device ID is a number in the range of 1–127 that is used to distinguish the device to be controlled when a single system contains multiple MMC-compatible devices. By default, the AW4416 is set to device ID = 1. 6.
16 Backing up and restoring songs This chapter explains how part or all of the song data on the internal hard disk can be backed up to a SCSI device (such as a CD-RW drive or MO drive), and how backed-up data can be restored to the internal hard disk. This chapter also explains how to re-format the internal hard disk, and how to erase CD-RW media. Selecting the backup format When using removable media such as MO as the backup destination, you must first select the backup format. 1.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs ❍ TYPE1 This is the usual backup format, in which part or all of the songs are backed up using the full capacity of the removable media. This format has the advantage that even if the size of the song(s) being backed up exceeds the capacity of one volume of media, the backup can be performed using multiple volumes of media. If this format is selected, the media will be formatted/erased automatically before backup is performed.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 2. Move the cursor to the DESTINATION area in the lower right of the display, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the ID number of the backup destination SCSI device (e.g., internal CD-RW drive or external hard disk or MO drive). It is also possible to backup on CD-R media using an internal or external CD-RW drive. However, you should be aware that CD-R media on which a backup has been created cannot be erased or added to. 3.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 6. To execute the backup, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. If “TYPE2” was selected as the backup format, the backup will begin immediately. If “TYPE1” was selected as the backup format, the media will be formatted automatically (in the case of CD-RW media, all data will be erased). Then the backup will begin. If the selected song(s) will not fit on a single volume of media, as message will ask you to insert the next volume.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 4. Move the cursor to the FILE RESTORE area in the upper part of the display, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the song(s) that you wish to restore, then press the [ENTER] key. The button in the RESTORE SONG area will change from DISABLE to ENABLE, indicating that the corresponding song has been selected for restore. The “O” symbol at the left edge of the list will change to “●” for songs that are selected for restore.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 6. To execute the restore operation, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. To cancel the restore operation, move the cursor to the CANCEL button and press the [ENTER] key. • Even when you restore from a SCSI device to the internal hard disk, the songs that were previously recorded on the internal hard disk will remain unaffected.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 2. Rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the drive that you wish to format, and press the [ENTER] key. To format the internal hard disk, select “INT.IDE.” To format an external SCSI device, select the SCSI ID of that device. The rest of the procedure will differ depending on the type of drive you are formatting. ❒ Formatting the internal hard disk 3. Move the cursor to the EXECUTE button in the FORMAT area, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs 4. Move the cursor to either the QUICK or the NORMAL button, and press the [ENTER] key. The formatting method will depend on the button you select. ❍ QUICK (quick format) Use this when you wish to quickly erase data from a previously-formatted hard disk. ❍ NORMAL (normal format) Use this when formatting a newly purchased hard disk. Depending on the capacity of the hard disk, this may require several minutes or several-ten minutes.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs ❒ Formatting removable media such as an MO drive A FORMAT window will appear, allowing you to select the type of file system and the formatting method. 3. Move the cursor to the TYPE area, and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to select one of the following two types of file system that will be created during the formatting operation. • ORIGINAL ...................This is the native file system of the AW4416.
Chapter16—Backing up and restoring songs Erasing CD-RW media Here’s how to erase CD-RW media inserted in the CD-RW drive. 1. Press the [FILE] key → [F3] key. The FILE screen Disk Util. page will appear in the display. 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the SCSI ID number of the CD-RW drive, and press the [ENTER] key. 3. Use the two buttons (PERFECTLY/SIMPLY buttons) in the CD-RW MEDIA ERASE area to select the method by which the CD-RW media will be erased.
17 Mastering This chapter explains the “mastering function” which allows you to use the internal CD-RW drive (option) of the AW4416 to create an audio CD. About mastering By installing a CD-RW drive in the AW4416 (or connecting an external CD-RW drive to the SCSI connector), you can write the audio data of the stereo track (included in each song) onto CD-R/RW media in CD-DA format. This function is called “mastering.
Chapter17—Mastering CD-R and CD-RW CD-RW drives support two types of media: “CD-R” and “CD-RW.” These two types of media differ in the following ways. ❍ CD-R CD-R media can only be recorded or added to. Previously-recorded data cannot be erased and rewritten. CD-R media to which audio data has been written by the AW4416’s mastering function can be played back on a CD-RW drive or on most CD players if the media has been “finalized.
Chapter17—Mastering Track At Once and Disc At Once Data can be written to CD-R/RW media in one of the following two ways. ❍ Track At Once In this method, data is written in units of tracks (individual regions of audio data). This method can be used only for CD-R media. When the Track At Once method is used to write data to a CD-R, approximately two seconds of silence will be created between tracks each time a track is written.
Chapter17—Mastering Preparations for mastering Here we will explain the preparations that you will need to make before writing audio data to CD-R/CD-RW media. ❒ Mastering mode settings The AW4416 has a “writing test” function that checks before mastering to see whether errors will occur during data transmission. By default, the AW4416 will not perform this test before mastering, but you may perform the test if desired, or execute only the test by itself. Here’s how to make these settings. 1.
Chapter17—Mastering Writing the master Here’s how to use the mastering function to write the stereo track data to CD-R/ RW media. 1. Press the [MASTERING] key. The MASTERING screen will appear in the display. 2. Hold down the [SHIFT] key and press the [F2] key (CD UNLOAD). The tray of the CD-RW drive will open. 3. Place a CD-R/RW disc on the tray. Then hold down [SHIFT] and press the [F1] key (CD LOAD). The tray will close. 4.
Chapter17—Mastering 5. Move the cursor to the TRACK AT ONCE button if you wish to master using Track At Once, or to the DISC AT ONCE button if you wish to master using Disc At Once. Then press the [ENTER] key. If you are using CD-RW media, only DISC AT ONCE can be used. The following screen is an example of when you have inserted CD-R media in the tray, moved the cursor to TRACK AT ONCE, and pressed the [ENTER] key. 6.
Chapter17—Mastering 7. Move the cursor to the stereo track data area of the list, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the stereo track that you wish to write to track 1 of the CD. Stereo tracks from 48 kHz songs cannot be selected in this list. Also in some cases, it may not be possible to select stereo tracks from songs for which Optimize has not been executed. To optimize a song, refer to page 182. 8.
Chapter17—Mastering 10. As necessary, use the WRITE SPEED buttons located in the lower left of the display to select the writing speed. The x1/x2/x4/x6 buttons correspond to single-speed/double-speed/quad-speed/ 6x speed writing. Normally you should select the fastest speed that your CD-RW drive supports. 11. When you have finished selecting all of the stereo tracks that will be written to the CD, move the cursor to the EXECUTE button in the lower right of the display, and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter17—Mastering Finalizing As long as you have not executed the Finalize operation, other stereo track data can be added to CD-R media that was recorded using Track At Once. However, media that has not yet been finalized cannot be played back by a CD-RW drive or a conventional CD player. In order to use a CD player to play CD-R media on which you have written data, use the following procedure to execute the Finalize operation. 1. Press the [MASTERING] key. 2.
Chapter17—Mastering 4. Move the cursor to the FINALIZE button and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm the Finalize command. 5. To execute the Finalize command, move the cursor to the OK button and press the [ENTER] key. To cancel without executing, move the cursor to the CANCEL button and press the [ENTER] key.
Chapter17—Mastering 5. Move the cursor to the CD PLAY MODE button, and press the [ENTER] key. The CD PLAY MODE button will change from OFF to ON, and track information for the CD-R/RW media in the drive will be displayed. 1 2 1 Currently selected track number (TRACK column) and elapsed time (TIME column). B Track numbers on the disc (TRACK column) and their track times (TIME column). • CD-R media that has not been finalized cannot be played back.
YAMAHA CORPORATION V618350 R0 1 IP 284 00 08 7000 AP Printed in Japan Pro Audio & Digital Musical Instrument Division P.O.
PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION Reference Guide E
Quick Rec page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Simultaneously recording 16 inputs/16 tracks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 MASTERING screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Write CD page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Using a CD-RW drive to create an audio CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 CD PLAY screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 CD Play page . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents Solo Setup page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Make solo settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 FILE screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Backup page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Backup a song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Restore page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Library page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Storing and recalling dynamics processor settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Dly/ø1–16, Dly/ø17–24, Dly/øMONI pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Set delay and phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 AUX1–AUX6 screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Pre/Pst IN, Pre/Pst MONI pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of contents SAMP. PAD screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 From Rgn. page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Assign a region to a sampling pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 CD Import page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Assign CD-DA to a sampling pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 WAV Import page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preset EQ Program Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Preset Effects Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Effects Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Dynamics Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Preset Dynamics Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Preset Dynamics Program Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reference guide Reference guide The reference guide explains all screens and all pages that appear in the display. Use it like a dictionary when you wish to learn more about the functions in the screen, or to find the page from which to execute a desired operation. How to read the reference guide Here’s how to read the reference guide. A Screen name 1 EQ/ATT/GRP screen 2 EQ/Att page B Page name/title C [Function] A brief summary of the functions of this page.
SONG SONG screen Song List page Saving/loading a song [Function] 1 Load a song from hard disk, or save the current song to hard disk. [Key operation] • [SONG] key → [F1] (Song List) key • Repeatedly press the [SONG] key until the display shown at right appears. [Mouse operation] 2 M button → SONG button → Song List tab 3 4 5 6 [Screen functions] A Song list This lists the songs that are saved on the internal hard disk.
SONG screen Setting page Make various settings for the current song [Function] Make various settings for the current song, such as editing the song name, selecting the counter display method, and selecting the time code frame rate. 1 2 [Key operation] 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 • [SONG] key → [F2] (Setting) key • Repeatedly press the [SONG] key until the display shown at the right appears.
SONG screen H TOP This adjusts the time code time that corresponds to the beginning of the song (“time code top”) in the range of “00:00:00:00.00”– ”24:00:00:00.00”. (Negative values cannot be set.) Move the cursor to the TOP area, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to adjust the hours/minutes/seconds/frames/subframes value. Time code top= 00:00:00:00.00 Time code display 00:00:00:00.00 00:00:05:00.00 Song Time code top= 00:00:05:00.00 Time code display 00:00:05 5:00.00 00:00:10:00.
SONG screen Song Edit page Deleting/copying/optimizing songs [Function] Edit songs saved on the internal hard disk, such as by deleting, copying, or optimizing them. [Key operation] • [SONG] key → [F3] (Song Edit) key • Repeatedly press the [SONG] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 [Mouse operation] 2 3 M button → SONG button → Song Edit tab 6 5 4 [Screen functions] A Song list C COPY button This lists the songs saved on the internal hard disk.
SONG screen Tempo Map page Programming the tempo map [Function] Program tempo data and time signature data into the tempo map. [Key operation] • [SONG] key → [F4] (Tempo Map) key • Repeatedly press the [SONG] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 2 1 [Mouse operation] M button → SONG button → Tempo Map tab 3 4 5 6 [Screen functions] A METER In this area you can specify the time signature. The area enclosed by the dotted frame is the currently selected time signature data.
SONG screen ● TEMPO Move the cursor to this area and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to set the tempo (BPM) of that location. The BPM value can be set in a range of 20.0–300.0, in 0.1 steps. ■ Additional functions in the Tempo Map page In the Tempo Map page, pressing the [SHIFT] key will assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. Tip! When the AW4416 is in the default state, tempo data of BPM=120 is already input at measure 1 beat 1. F1 • The tempo data at step number 1 cannot be moved.
SONG screen Shut Down page Shut down the AW4416 [Function] Shut down the AW4416 so that the power can be turned off. 1 [Key operation] • [SONG] key → [F5] (Shut Down) key • Repeatedly press the [SONG] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → SONG button → Shut Down tab 2 [Screen functions] A Current song status This area displays various information on the last-saved song.
QUICK REC screen Quick Rec page Simultaneously recording 16 inputs/16 tracks [Function] Instantly make settings (Quick Rec function) for simultaneously recording 16 input sources on audio tracks 1–16. [Key operation] 1 [QUICK REC] key [Mouse operation] 2 M button → Quick REC button [Screen functions] A Input select 1–8 B Input select 9–16 Select from the following input sources to send to audio tracks 1–8/9–16. • ANALOG 1–8 .....INPUT jacks 1–8 • SLOT1 1–8..........
QUICK REC screen • Input jacks 1–8 • I/O card SLOT1 1–8 • I/O card SLOT2 1–8 • Input jacks 1–8 • I/O card SLOT1 1–8 • I/O card SLOT2 1–8 QUICK REC 1 Input select 1–8 Input patch ×8 ×8 Mixer section Recorder input patch Recorder section Input channels 1–8 Tracks 1–8 Input channels 9–16 Tracks 9–16 2 Input select 9–16 After you have used the EXECUTE button, you can simply press the [REC] key + [PLAY] key to simultaneously record 16 inputs on tracks 1–16.
MASTERING screen Write CD page Using a CD-RW drive to create an audio CD [Function] Create an audio CD by writing the stereo track data of songs to CD-R/ RW media as CD audio tracks. 1 [Key operation] 6 [MASTERING] key [Mouse operation] M button → MAST button 3 2 4 7 5 8 9 K J L [Screen functions] A DRIVE Select the SCSI ID number of the internal or external CD-RW drive.
MASTERING screen Here you can select the stereo tracks that will be written as audio tracks on the CD. The track list shows the following information. ● TRACK This is the track number on the CD. Move the cursor to this area and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to change the track number. ● SONG NAME/SIZE/COPY This shows the song name, stereo track data size, and copy protect setting of songs that contain a stereo track.
CD PLAY screen CD Play page Use the CD-RW drive to play an audio CD [Function] Use a CD-RW drive connected to the AW4416 to play back an audio CD (CD Play function). [Key operation] 1 3 [CD PLAY] key 4 2 [Mouse operation] M button → CD button [Screen functions] A DRIVE C Counter Select the SCSI ID number of the internal or external CD-RW drive. B CD PLAY MODE button This button switches the CD Play function on/ off.
CD PLAY screen ■ Additional functions in the CD Play page CD PLAY In the CD Play page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F2] keys. F1 F2 • [F1] (CD LOAD) key Close the tray of the CD-RW drive. • [F2] (CD UNLOAD) key Eject the tray of the CD-RW drive.
SET UP screen Patch IN page Patching a signal to a channel/track [Function] Assign signals to the inputs of input channels 1–24, return channels 1/2, and recorder tracks 1–16. 1 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F1] (Patch IN) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the display shown at right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen C RECORDER TRACK INPUT ASSIGN Here you can select the signals to be assigned to the inputs of tracks 1–16. The following signals can be assigned. ● Recorder inputs 1–16 In the Patch IN page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following function to the [F1] key. Signal type BUS 1–BUS 8 Bus 1–8 DIR 1–DIR16 Input channel direct out 1– 16 Tip! For detai ls on operations in the Patch IN page, refer to Operation Guide “Chapter 8. Patching.
SET UP screen Patch OUT page Patch signals to output jacks [Function] Assign output signals to the OMNI OUT jacks, STEREO OUT jacks, DIGITAL STEREO OUT jack, and the output channels of I/O cards. [Key operations] • [SETUP] key → [F2] (Patch OUT) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the display shown at right appears. 1 3 2 4 *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen D OPTION I/O SLOT OUT ASSIGN This selects the signals that will be output from I/O cards installed in OPTION I/O slots 1/2. The following signals can be assigned. Display ■ Additional functions in the Patch OUT page In the Patch OUT page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following function to the [F1] key.
SET UP screen Patch Lib page Store or recall patching settings [Function] 1 Store the settings of the Patch IN/Patch OUT pages in the patch library, or recall previously-stored settings. 2 35 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F3] (Patch Lib) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the display shown at right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen • Library number 0 is a recall-only preset; data cannot be stored in it. Data can be stored only in library numbers 1–20. • When you execute the Store operation, the patching settings that had been stored in that number will be erased. I LIBRARY No. (library number) This area displays library numbers 00–20. J LIBRARY TITLE This area displays the names assigned to the library settings. K ROM Recall-only library number 0 is indicated by a write-prohibit symbol in this column.
SET UP screen D.in Setup page Make word clock/cascade settings [Function] 2 Select the word clock source to which the AW4416 will synchronize. In this page you can also make settings for stereo bus cascade connections. [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F4] (D.in Setup) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the screen shown at the right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups. If the D.
SET UP screen C FS (sampling frequency) This shows the sampling frequency of the signal that is currently selected as the clock source. If you select an external clock as the clock source, you must check that the sampling frequency of the song matches the frequency of the external clock. For example if you are synchronized to a 48 kHz external clock and record on a 44.1 kHz song, be aware that the pitch will change when you return the clock source setting to “INT” and play back.
SET UP screen Monitor page Monitor the digital input signals [Function] Monitor the state of the digital audio signals being input from the DIGITAL STEREO IN jack or from digital I/O cards installed in the OPTION I/O slots. 1 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F5] (Monitor) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the screen shown at the right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen ● CATEGORY This shows the category of the digital input signal. Display Meaning GEN General use LASER OPTICAL Optical laser device such as a CD player D/D Conv D/D converter or signal processor D.
SET UP screen Dither Out page Specify dithering and word length of the digital outputs [Function] Turn dithering on/off and specify the word length of the output signal for the various digital outputs. 1 2 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F1] (Dither Out) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the screen shown at the right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen Dither TRK page Specify dithering and word length for tracks [Function] Turn dithering on/off and specify the word length for recording on tracks 1–16 of the recorder. 2 3 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F2] (Dither TRK) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the screen shown at the right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen Solo Setup page Make solo settings [Function] Make various settings related to the Solo function. 1 2 3 4 [Key operation] • [SETUP] key → [F3] (Solo Setup) key (*1) • Repeatedly press the [SETUP] key until the screen shown at the right appears. *1. In the SET UP screen, the tabs displayed at the bottom of the screen are divided into two groups.
SET UP screen ● LAST SOLO When the Solo function is on, only the channel last-selected by pressing its [ON] key will be monitored. ● MIX SOLO When the Solo function is on, all channels selected by pressing their [ON] keys will be monitored. D LEVEL This adjusts the level of the signal that is sent to the SOLO bus when RECORDING SOLO mode is selected for 1.
FILE screen Backup page Backup a song [Function] Backup song data from the internal hard disk to a SCSI device (e.g., internal CD-RW drive or external MO drive). 1 [Key operation] • [FILE] key → [F1] (Backup) key • Repeatedly press the [FILE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → FILE button → Backup tab 3 4 2 6 5 7 [Screen functions] A Song list C ALL ENABLE button This list shows the songs saved on the internal hard disk.
FILE screen G EXECUTE button Execute the song backup. Tip! FILE • When backing up to removable media such as an MO drive, you can select from two types of backup: “TYPE 1” in which the backup can extend across multiple volumes of media, and “TYPE 2” in which data can be backed up in units of individual songs on one volume of media. The selection of either TYPE 1 or TYPE 2 is made in the UTILITY screen Prefer.3 page (→ P.37).
FILE screen Restore page Restore backed-up songs [Function] Restore songs from the backup destination SCSI device to the AW4416’s internal hard disk. [Key operation] • [FILE] key → [F2] (Restore) key • Repeatedly press the [FILE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → FILE button → Restore tab 1 3 4 2 6 5 7 [Screen functions] A Song list E SOURCE This list shows the songs saved on the backup destination SCSI device.
FILE screen Disk Util. page Format or erase a disk [Function] Format the internal hard disk or an external SCSI device, or erase CD-RW media. [Key operation] • [FILE] key → [F3] (Disk Util.) key • Repeatedly press the [FILE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 [Mouse operation] M button → FILE button → Disk Util.
FILE screen ■ If an internal or external CD-RW drive is selected ■ Additional functions in the Disk Util. page In the Disk Util. page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]– [F2] keys. 5 3 F1 F2 4 • [F1] (CD LOAD) key Close the open tray of the CD-RW drive. • [F2] (CD UNLOAD) key C AUDIO READ SPEED Use the x1, x2, x4, or x8 buttons to select the reading speed (normal speed, double speed, quad speed or 8x speed). This setting is valid only for CD-IMPORT.
UTILITY screen Oscillator page Using the test tone oscillator [Function] Select the waveform of the test tone oscillator built into the AW4416, and send it to the desired bus. UTILITY 1 [Key operation] • [UTILITY] key → [F1] (Oscillator) key • Repeatedly press the [UTILITY] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
UTILITY screen Prefer.1 page Make overall settings for the AW4416 (1) [Function] Enable/disable warning messages, and specify the point from which direct output will be taken. [Key operation] 1 • [UTILITY] key → [F2] (Prefer.1) key • Repeatedly press the [UTILITY] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] 5 2 3 6 4 7 M button → UTIL button → Prefer.
UTILITY screen Prefer.2 page Make overall settings for the AW4416 (2) [Function] Set the rollback time, pre-roll/postroll time, and the nudge playback method etc. [Key operation] • [UTILITY] key → [F3] (Prefer.2) key • Repeatedly press the [UTILITY] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → UTIL button → Prefer.
UTILITY screen E PLAY MODE H DIGITAL OUT COPYRIGHT Select one of the following two play modes for the Nudge function. (Default= AFTER) ● AFTER Playback will be repeated for the specified nudge time 6 starting at the current location. ● BEFORE Playback will be repeated for the specified nudge time 6 ending at the current location. F TIME Specify the playback length (nudge time) of the Nudge function over a range of 25–800 milliseconds.
UTILITY screen Prefer.3 page Make overall settings for the AW4416 (3) [Function] Set the internal clock, mouse cursor speed, and removable media backup method etc. [Key operation] • [UTILITY] key → [F4] (Prefer.3) key • Repeatedly press the [UTILITY] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 4 2 5 3 6 [Mouse operation] 7 M button → UTIL button → Prefer.3 tab [Screen functions] A CLOCK Here you can set the internal clock of the AW4416.
UTILITY screen ● TYPE 2 This backup method allows new backup data to be added to media on which data was previously backed up. It is not possible to backup data that extends across multiple volumes of media. Before you can use this method to backup on previously-unused media, you must format the media manually. Tip! For details on the procedure for backing up songs, refer to Operation Guide “Chapter 16. Backing up and restoring songs.
MIDI screen MIDI Setup page Make basic MIDI settings [Function] Set the MIDI transmit/receive channels, turn transmission/reception of various messages on/off, and specify the port used for transmission and reception. 1 2 3 45 • [MIDI] key → [F1] (MIDI Setup) key • Repeatedly press the [MIDI] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
MIDI screen I PORT SELECT Select the port and transmission speed with which MIDI messages will be transmitted and received. Setting Computer platform MIDI MIDI compatible TO HOST PC2 IBM PC compatible TO HOST MAC Apple Macintosh series (*1) *1. Only usable with Macintosh computers that have a modem/printer port. On the software that you use, set the clock to “1 MHz.” 40 — Reference Guide Port type Transmission speed MIDI IN, OUT/THRU connectors 31.25 kbps TO HOST connector 38.
MIDI screen MIDI Sync page Make settings related to MIDI synchronization [Function] 2 1 Make various settings for synchronization operation. 3 4 [Key operation] • [MIDI] key → [F2] (MIDI Sync) key • Repeatedly press the [MIDI] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → MIDI button → MIDI Sync tab 5 6 [Screen functions] A SYNC OUT Select one of the following synchronization signals for output. ● OFF Synchronization signals will not be output.
MIDI screen When using MMC, you must match the device ID of the AW4416 and the external MIDI device. For details on setting the device ID, refer to MMC DEV.6. D SYNC AVE. (sync average) When the AW4416 is used as an MTC slave, this parameter specifies the precision with which MTC will be received. Normally you will use this with the “OFF” button selected. However if synchronization is unreliable, try the 1 or 2 setting.
MIDI screen PGM Asgn. page Assign a scene number to each program change number [Function] Assign a scene number to each program change number 1–128. [Key operation] • [MIDI] key → [F3] (PGM Asgn.) key • Repeatedly press the [MIDI] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 4 [Mouse operation] M button → MIDI button → PGM Asgn. tab 1 2 3 [Screen functions] A PGM CHG. No. (program change number) These are the program change numbers 1–128.
VIEW screen CH View page View all parameters of a channel [Function] This page displays all mix parameters of the selected channel. Parameters other than EQ and dynamics can also be edited in this page. ● Input channel/monitor channel 1 2 6 7 89 J [Key operation] • [VIEW] key → [F1] (CH View) key • Repeatedly press the [VIEW] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
VIEW screen G PAN ● Return channel Adjust the panning between the L/ R channels of the stereo bus or between odd-numbered → evennumbered buses. 1 2 6 7 J Tip! If you move the cursor to the PAN knob and press the [ENTER] key, the knob will move to the center position. 3 L H Fader group This area shows the fader group to which the channel belongs. You can also defeat or register groups in this page. M 5 N O I Mute group This area shows the mute group to which the channel belongs.
VIEW screen ● SEND When the EXTERNAL button is on, move the cursor to this area and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to select one of the following jacks for use as the insert send jack. • OMNI 1–4 ..........OMNI OUT 1–4 jacks • SL1-1–SL1-8........Output channels 1–8 of OPTION I/O slot 1 • SL2-1–SL2-8........Output channels 1–8 of OPTION I/O slot 2 • D STO L/R ..........L/R channels of the DIGITAL STEREO OUT jack • STOUT L/R .........
VIEW screen Library page Store or recall channel settings [Function] 2 Store the settings of the currently selected channel into the channel library, or recall stored settings. 3 [Key operation] • [VIEW] key → [F2] (Library) key • Repeatedly press the [VIEW] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → VIEW button → Library tab 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 J [Screen functions] A Channel This indicates the currently selected channel. B EQ/DYN.
VIEW screen ■ Additional functions in the Library page In the Library page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. F1 F2 F3 • [F1] (TITLE EDIT) key Use this to edit the name (library title) of the settings saved in the channel library. This is the same function as the 4 TITLE EDIT button. • [F2] (RECALL) key Recall the currently selected channel settings from the list. This is the same function as the 5 RECALL button.
PAN/ROUTE screen Pan 1–16/Pan17–24/Pan MONI pages Set pan and routing [Function] Set pan and routing for the input channels, return channels and monitor channels, and set the balance of the stereo output channel. ● Pan 1–16 [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F1] key (Pan 1–16)/ [F2] key (Pan 17–24)/[F3] key (Pan MONI) • Repeatedly press the [PAN] key until one of the screens shown at the right appear.
PAN/ROUTE screen ● Pan MONI 1 2 3 4 5 [Screen functions] A Channel ● INVERTED GANG button The pan of paired channels will be linked inversely. This indicates the channel for which pan/routing is being set. B Bus assign buttons 1–8 These buttons assign the signal of each channel to buses 1–8. C ST (stereo bus assign) buttons These buttons assign the signal of each channel to the stereo bus.
PAN/ROUTE screen ■ Additional functions in the Pan page ● Copying pan settings to all channels In the Pan 1–16/Pan 17–24/Pan MONI pages, you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F5] keys. [Procedure] 1. In the PAN screen, move the cursor to the PAN knob of the copy source channel. 2. Press the [SHIFT] key + [F5] key. F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 • [F1] (INDIVIDUAL) key Independently control the pan of paired channels.
PAN/ROUTE screen Pair CH/Pair BUS pages Set channel/bus pairing [Function] ● Pair CH Set or defeat pairing of buses 1/2–7/8 and AUX 1/2–5/6 for adjacent odd-numbered → even-numbered channels. [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F4] key (Pair CH)/[F5] (Pair BUS) • Repeatedly press the [PAN] key until one of the screens shown at the right appears.
PAN/ROUTE screen ● Setting or defeating pairing for channels/buses [Procedure] 1. To pair channels or buses, move the cursor in the Pair CH page/Pair Bus page to a button that is displayed as “MONO x 2,” and press the [ENTER] key. The PAIRING popup window will appear, allowing you to specify how the pairing will occur. 3. To defeat pairing, move the cursor to a button displayed as “STEREO” and press the [ENTER] key. A popup window will appear, asking you to confirm that you wish to defeat pairing.
EQ/ATT/GRP screen EQ/Att page EQ and attenuation settings [Function] 1 Make four-band EQ and attenuation settings for the selected channel. 2 3 4 [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F1] key (EQ/Att) key • Repeatedly press the [EQ] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → EQ button → EQ/Att tab 5 6 7 [Screen functions] A EQ ON button This switches EQ on/off.
EQ/ATT/GRP screen ■ Additional functions in the EQ/ Att page ● Copying the attenuation setting to all channels In the EQ/Att page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F2] and [F5] keys. [Procedure] 1. Access the EQ/Att page for the copy source channel, and move the cursor to the ATT. knob. 2. Press the [SHIFT] key + [F5] key. F2 F5 • [F1] (FLAT) key Reset all bands to a boost/cut amount of 0.0 dB (off if HPF/LPF is selected).
EQ/ATT/GRP screen Library page Store or recall EQ settings [Function] 2 3 Store EQ settings in the EQ library, or recall a stored EQ program. [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F2] (Library) key • Repeatedly press the [EQ] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] 1 4 M button → EQ button → Library tab 5 6 J7 8 9 K [Screen functions] A SEL CH This indicates the currently selected channel. B EQ graph This graphically displays the EQ settings.
EQ/ATT/GRP screen J Selected program The EQ program selected for store/recall is enclosed by a dotted frame in the EQ library list. In this page you can use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the EQ program regardless of the cursor location. K EQ CURVE Of the EQ programs stored in the library, the curve of the currently selected EQ program is shown as a graph. ■ Additional functions in the Library page In the Library page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys.
EQ/ATT/GRP screen FaderGrp page Set and cancel fader groups [Function] Assign input channels 1–24/monitor channels 1–16 to fader groups A–D. If channels are assigned to a fader group, you can move a single fader to control all the faders in that group while preserving the current balance. [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F3] (FaderGrp) key • Repeatedly press the [EQ] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
EQ/ATT/GRP screen Mute Grp page Set and cancel mute groups [Function] Assign input channels 1–24/monitor channels 1–16 to mute groups E–H. If channels are assigned to a mute group, you can operate a single [ON] key to switch the on/off status of all [ON] keys in that group. [Key operation] • [EQ] key → [F4] (Mute Grp) key • Repeatedly press the [EQ] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
DYN/DLY screen Dyn. Edit page Dynamics processor parameter settings [Function] Set the dynamics processor parameters for the selected channel. 2 67 [Key operation] • [DYN] key → [F1] (Dyn. Edit) key • Repeatedly press the [DYN] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 [Mouse operation] 3 M button → DYN button → Dyn. Edit tab 4 8 9 5 J [Screen functions] A KEYIN SOURCE Select one of the following key-in signals to control the dynamics processor.
DYN/DLY screen D Channel Select the channel(s) to which the dynamics processor will apply when the 3 ST LINK ON/ OFF button is on; L (left/odd-numbered channel), R (right/even-numbered channel), or BOTH (both channels). If the ST LINK ON/OFF button is off, this will be displayed as “----” and cannot be selected. E ON/OFF This button turns the dynamics processor on/off. When the cursor is located at on/off or in the PARAMETER area, press the [ENTER] key to turn the dynamics processor on/off.
DYN/DLY screen Library page Storing and recalling dynamics processor settings [Function] Store dynamics processor settings in the library, or recall stored programs. 34 2 [Key operation] • [DYN] key → [F2] (Library) key • Repeatedly press the [DYN] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 [Mouse operation] M button → DYN button → Library tab 5 6 7 K 8 9 J L [Screen functions] A SEL CH This displays the currently selected recall destination channel.
DYN/DLY screen G STORE button Store the current dynamics settings. • Library numbers 1–40 are recall-only; data cannot be stored in them. You can store only to library numbers 41–128. • When you execute the Store operation, the dynamics program that had been stored in that number will be erased. H LIBRARY No. (library number) ■ Additional functions in the Library page In the Library page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys.
DYN/DLY screen ● Storing dynamics settings in the library ● Recalling dynamics settings from the library [Procedure] [Procedure] 1. Select the channel whose settings you wish to store, and access the DYN/DLY screen Library page. 1. Select the recall destination channel, and access the DYN/DLY screen Library page. 2. Use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the library number 41–128 in which you will store the settings. Library numbers in which nothing has been stored are displayed as “No Data!” 3.
DYN/DLY screen Dly/ø1–16, Dly/ø17–24, Dly/øMONI pages Set delay and phase [Function] ● Dly/ø1–16 Set the delay and phase of each channel. [Key operation] • [DYN] key → [F3] (Dly/ø1–16) key, [F4] (Dly/ø17–24) key/[F5] (Dly/øMONI) key • Repeatedly press the [DYN] key until the desired page appears.
DYN/DLY screen ■ Additional functions in the Dly/ øpages In the Dly/ø1–16, Dly/ø17–24, Dly/øMONI pages you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional function to the [F5] key. F5 • [F5] (COPY TO ALL) key Copy the delay time or phase setting selected by the cursor to all other channels. ● Copying delay time or phase settings to other channels 1. Access the DYN/DLY screen Dly/ø1–16, Dly/ø17–24, Dly/øMONI page. 2.
AUX1–AUX6 screens Pre/Pst IN, Pre/Pst MONI pages Make on/off and pre/post settings for the AUX sends [Function] ● Pre/Pst IN Make on/off and pre/post settings for the signal sent from the input channels, return channels, and monitor channels to AUX buses 1–6. [Key operation] • [AUX 1]–[AUX 6] keys → [F1] (Pre/ Pst IN) key/[F2] (Pre/Pst MONI) key • Repeatedly press an [AUX 1]–[AUX 6] key until the desired page appears.
AUX1–AUX6 screens ■ Additional functions in the Pre/ Pst IN, Pre/Pst MONI pages In the Pre/Pst IN/Pre/Pst MONI pages, you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F2] keys. F1 F2 • [F1] (GLOBAL PRE) key Switch all channels in that page to pre-fader. This is the same function as the PRE button in the GBL area 5. • [F2] (GLOBAL POST) key Switch all channels in that page to post-fader. This is the same function as the POST button in the GBL area 5.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens Eff. Edit page Edit internal effects 1/2 [Function] Edit the parameters of the effect that is selected for internal effect 1 (AUX7/EFF1 screen) or external effect 2 (AUX8/EFF2). [Key operation] • [AUX 7] key/[AUX 8] → [F1] (Eff. Edit) key • Repeatedly press the [AUX 7] key or [AUX 8] key until the desired screen appears [Mouse operation] 3 5 1 2 4 6 M button → EFF 1 button/EFF 2 button → Eff.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens G MIX BAL. (mix balance) knob This knob adjust the mix amount of the effect sound. A setting of 0% will output only the original sound, 50% will output equal amounts of direct and effect sound, and 100% will output only the effect sound. If the effect is patched via AUX send/return, set this to 100%. If the effect is inserted in a specific channel, adjust this to the desired value.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens Library page Store or recall an effect program [Function] 3 Store an effect program in the library, or recall a stored effect program. [Key operation] • [AUX 7]–[AUX 8] keys → [F2] (Library) key • Repeatedly press an [AUX 7]–[AUX 8] key until the desired screen appears [Mouse operation] M button → EFF 1–EFF 2 button → Library tab 1 2 4 5 6 K7 8 9J L [Screen functions] A CURRENT EFFECT NAME B EFFECT TYPE F STORE button Store the current effect settings.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens K Selected program Store/recall operations will apply to the program enclosed by a dotted line in the library list. In this page, you can always use the [DATA/ JOG] dial to select the program, regardless of where the cursor is located. L EFFECT TYPE This displays the effect type used by the program currently selected for store or recall. In general, the effect library is common to both effects 1 and 2. However, effect program no.19 “HQ-Pitch” can be used only by effect 2.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens Pre/Pst IN, Pre/Pst MONI pages Make on/off and pre/post settings for the effect sends [Function] ● Pre/Pst IN Make on/off and pre/post settings for the signal sent from the input channels, return channels, and monitor channels to AUX buses 7/ 8 (effects 1/2). [Key operation] • [AUX 7] key/[AUX 8] key → [F3] (Pre/Pst IN) key/[F4] (Pre/Pst MONI) key • Repeatedly press the [AUX 7] key or [AUX 8] key until the desired page appears.
AUX7/EFF1 and AUX8/EFF2 screens It is not possible to send signals from return channel 1 to AUX7. Likewise, it is not possible to send signals from return channel 2 to AUX8. This is to prevent the return signal of an effect from being accidentally returned to the same effect, creating a loop. ■ Additional functions in the Pre/ Pst IN/Pre/Pst MONI pages In the Pre/Pst IN/Pre/Pst MONI pages, you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F2] keys.
HOME screen 1–24/Rtn page Monitor the input level of the input channels [Function] Monitor the input levels of input channels 1–24 and return channels 1/2. 1 [Key operation] • [HOME] key → [F1] (1–24/Rtn) key • Repeatedly press the [HOME] key until the screen shown at the right appears [Mouse operation] M button → HOME button → 1–24/Rtn tab 2 A Level meters These meters show the input levels of input channels 1–24 and return channels 1/2. The fader position is shown in dB units below each level meter.
HOME screen MONITOR page Monitor the input levels of the monitor channels [Function] Monitor the input levels of monitor channels 1–16 1 [Key operation] • [HOME] key → [F2] (Monitor) key • Repeatedly press the [HOME] key until the screen shown at the right appears [Mouse operation] M button → HOME button → Monitor tab 2 [Screen functions] A Level meters These meters show the input levels of monitor channels 1–16. The fader position of each channel is shown in dB units below each level meter.
HOME screen Bus page Monitor the output levels of buses 1–8/AUX buses 1–8 [Function] Monitor the output level of buses 1–8 and AUX buses 1–8. In this page you can also adjust the master level of each bus. 1 [Key operation] • [HOME] key → [F3] (Bus) key • Repeatedly press the [HOME] key until the screen shown at the right appears [Mouse operation] M button → HOME button → Bus tab 2 3 [Screen functions] A Level meters These meters show the output levels of buses 1– 8/AUX buses 1–8.
HOME screen Omni/ST page Monitor the output levels of the OMNI OUT jacks and stereo output [Function] Monitor the output levels of OMNI OUT jacks 1–4 and the stereo output. [Key operation] • [HOME] key → [F4] (Omni/ST) key • Repeatedly press the [HOME] key until the screen shown at the right appears 1 [Mouse operation] M button → HOME button → Omni/St tab 2 3 4 5 [Screen functions] A OMNI OUT level meters These meters show the output level of OMNI OUT jacks 1–4.
HOME screen Option page Monitor the output level of option I/O cards [Function] Monitor the output level of option I/O cards inserted in slots 1/2 of the AW4416. 1 [Key operation] • [HOME] key → [F5] (Option) key • Repeatedly press the [HOME] key until the screen shown at the right appears [Mouse operation] M button → HOME button → Option tab 2 [Screen functions] A Level meters These meters shows the output levels of the option I/O cards inserted in slots 1/2.
SAMP. PAD screen From Rgn. page Assign a region to a sampling pad [Function] Assign a region (continuous audio data recorded in one operation) to a sampling pad. 4 5 6 7 [Key operation] • Sampling pad section [EDIT] pad → [F1] (From Rgn.) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] pad until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 3 [Mouse operation] M button → SAMP. PAD EDIT button → From Rgn.
SAMP. PAD screen ■ Additional functions in the From Rgn. page In the From Rgn. page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. F1 F2 F3 • [F1] (REMAIN) key This causes the counter/level meter and the counter at the top of the display to show the remaining time available for recording in the trigger list. For details on the trigger list, refer to the explanation for the “SAMP.PAD screen/ Trig.List page” (→ P.88).
SAMP. PAD screen CD Import page Assign CD-DA to a sampling pad [Function] 2 Import CD-DA (CD audio) audio data from an audio CD/mixed-mode CD-ROM inserted in an internal or external CD-RW drive, and assign it to a sampling pad. [Key operation] • Sampling pad section [EDIT] pad → [F2] (CD Import) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 [Mouse operation] M button → SAMP.
SAMP. PAD screen ● Assigning CD-DA data to a sampling pad [Procedure] 5. Move the cursor to the TRACK/TOTAL area, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the track from which you wish to import. 1. Access the SAMP. PAD screen CD Import page, and press [SHIFT] key + [F2] (CD UNLOAD) key. The tray of the CD-RW drive will be ejected. 2. Place an audio CD or mixed-mode CD in the tray, and press the [SHIFT] key + [F1] (CD LOAD) key. The tray of the CD-RW drive will close, and the CD will be inserted. 3.
SAMP. PAD screen WAV Import page Assign a WAV file to a sampling pad [Function] 2 Import a WAV format audio file from a CDROM or MO disk inserted in the internal CD-RW drive or an external SCSI device, and assign it to a sampling pad. [Key operation] • Sampling pad section [EDIT] pad → [F3] (WavImport) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] pad until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → SAMP.
SAMP. PAD screen ■ Additional functions in the Wav Import page In the Wav Import page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F2] keys. F1 F2 • [F1] (CD LOAD) key Close the tray of the CD-RW drive. • [F2] (CD UNLOAD) key 5. Move the cursor to the ASSIGN TO area, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the bank and pad number to which the WAV file will be assigned.
SAMP. PAD screen PAD Edit page Editing a sample pad [Function] Assign a name to a sampling pad, erase a pad, or trim a sample. 56 7 8 [Key operation] • Sampling pad section [EDIT] pad → [F4] (PAD Edit) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] pad until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] 1 2 3 4 M button → SAMP. PAD EDIT button → PAD Edit tab 9 [Screen functions] A NAME B ERASE This menu allows you to assign the desired name to a pad.
SAMP. PAD screen C TRIM IN This menu allows you to adjust the playback start location of the sample assigned to a pad. When you move the cursor to this menu and press the [ENTER] key, the following buttons will appear. F PAD This column shows the bank and pad number (A1–A8/B1–B8). G NAME (pad name) This column shows the pad name. When a sample is assigned to a pad, a name of “Smpltr” will automatically be assigned. Pads to which nothing is assigned will be displayed as “-NO ASN”.
SAMP. PAD screen Trig. List page Recording and playing sampling pad operations [Function] Use a dedicated “convenience sequencer” to record and play back pad operations, and edit the recorded performance. 3 4 56 7 [Key operation] • Sampling pad section [EDIT] pad → [F5] (Trig. List) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] pad until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 [Mouse operation] M button → SAMP. PAD EDIT button → Trig.
SAMP. PAD screen B ERASE menu Using this menu, a specified range of events recorded in the convenience sequencer can be erased. When you move the cursor here and press the [ENTER] key, the following buttons will appear. G Pad track view The timing at which trigger events are played can be recorded separately for each pad on these tracks. The bar graphs indicate the time from when a pad was pressed until it was released.
TRACK screen TR View page Viewing the recorded content for each track [Function] 12 3 45 6 View a bar graph that shows the regions recorded on each track, and switch the input monitor mode or mute on/off for each track. 7 [Key operation] • [TRACK] key → [F1] (TR View) key • Repeatedly press the [TRACK] key until the screen shown at the right appears [Mouse operation] M button → TRAC button → TR View tab 8 9 J K [Screen functions] A T (track) This column shows the track number 1–16.
TRACK screen H ALL MUTE OFF button F I (input monitor) This column indicates the signal that can be monitored for each track. The track input signal is being monitored when ● is displayed, and the track playback signal is being monitored when O is displayed. The INPUT MONITOR 9 setting, the state of the [REC TRACK SELECT] key, and the current transport mode will determine which signal is being monitored for each track.
TRACK screen ● When the ALL button is on (All Input Monitor) REC TRACK SELECT Monitored signal Stopped (irrelevant) Input source Playing (irrelevant) Input source Recording (irrelevant) Input source Regardless of the on/off status of the [REC TRACK SELECT] key, the input source will be monitored for all tracks. The 6 input monitor cannot be switched manually. J Current position The vertical line in the frame shows the approximate current position.
TRACK screen ■ Viewing a waveform for the audio data of a track 1. Access the TRACK screen TR View page, and use the CURSOR [ ]/[ ] keys to select the track whose waveform you wish to view. 5. If you wish to close the WAVE DISPLAY popup window without locating, move the cursor to the EXIT button and press the [ENTER] key. 2. While stopped, locate the song to the place where you wish to view the waveform, and press the [SHIFT] key + [F2] key. The WAVE DISPLAY popup window will appear.
TRACK screen V. Track page Switching virtual tracks [Function] Switch the virtual track number assigned to each track 1–16, and set/cancel pairing between tracks. 12 3 4 [Key operation] • [TRACK] key → [F2] (V. Track) key • Repeatedly press the [TRACK] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → TRAC button → V.
TRACK screen Stereo page Playing or erasing the stereo track [Function] Play back the stereo track, or erase the recorded contents. 1 2 5 [Key operation] • [TRACK] key → [F3] (Stereo) key • Repeatedly press the [TRACK] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → TRAC button → Stereo tab 3 4 [Screen functions] A M (mute) button Use this button to switch muting on (●) or off (O) for the stereo track.
TRACK screen ■ Additional functions in the Stereo page In the Stereo page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. F1 F2 F3 • [F1] (REMAIN) key The level meter/counter and the counter area of the display will show the remaining time available for recording. When you press the [SHIFT] key + [F1] (REMAIN) key once again, the usual counter display will reappear.
TRACK screen Mark Adj. page Adjust or erase locate points or markers [Function] Adjust the position of markers or locate points such as the IN/OUT points, or erase locate points or markers. [Key operation] • [TRACK] key → [F4] (Mark Adj.) key • Repeatedly press the [TRACK] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 3 [Mouse operation] M button → TRAC button → Mark Adj. tab [Screen functions] A LOCATOR POSITION Display the positions of the various locate points listed below.
TRACK screen C DELETE button (valid only when using the mouse) This button deletes a previously-set locate point or marker. In this page, you can delete the locate point or marker simply by moving the cursor to it and pressing the [ENTER] key (or using the mouse to click the DELETE button). The start point and end point cannot be deleted. ■ Additional functions in the Mark Adj. page In the Mark Adj. page, you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional function to the [F1] key.
EDIT screen TR Edit page Edit tracks [Function] 45 6 7 Assign a name to each track, and edit audio data by tracks, parts, or regions. 9 [Key operation] • RECORDER [EDIT] key → [F1] (TR Edit) key • Repeatedly press the RECORDER [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 3 [Mouse operation] M button → RECORDER EDIT button → TR Edit tab 8 [Screen functions] A TRACK menu B PART menu C REGION menu Select one of the following three units of data that you wish to edit.
EDIT screen D Pairing By moving the cursor to this column and pressing the [ENTER] key, you can set/defeat pairing for adjacent odd-numbered → even-numbered tracks. Paired tracks are indicated by a “ ” symbol, and unpaired tracks by a “ ” symbol. When editing tracks or parts, both tracks of a pair will be selected for editing. When selecting the edit source and edit destination tracks, as when copying or moving audio data, the display will be as follows.
EDIT screen ■ TRACK menu commands and parameters The TRACK menu allows you to select a track (or virtual track) and edit all of the audio data of the track together. In the TRACK menu, tracks containing no audio data cannot be selected for editing. The commands that can be selected in the TRACK menu and their parameters are listed below. ● NAME (track name) Edit the name of an already-recorded track. • TRACK Select the track whose name you wish to edit.
EDIT screen ● PITCH (pitch change) Modify the pitch of the entire track without changing the length of the audio. After this command is executed, all regions included in the track will be combined into a single region. • TRACK Select the track whose pitch you wish to modify. • PITCH Adjust the amount of pitch change in semitone units (range: ±12 semitones). • FINE Adjust the amount of pitch change in one-cent units (range: ±50 cents). • ALL V.
EDIT screen ● COPY ● MOVE Copy the audio data of the selected part to the specified location of the specified track. • FR. TRACK (from track) Select the copy source track. • FR. START (from start) Specify the starting location of the copy source part. • FR. END (from end) Specify the ending location of the copy source part. • ALL V.
EDIT screen ● INSERT ● T-COMP (time compression/expansion) Insert a length of silence into the selected part. Subsequent audio data will be moved backward by the length of the inserted silence. • TRACK Select the track into which you wish to insert silence. For the Insert command, you can specify all tracks as the subject of the operation. To do so, rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial all the way clockwise when setting the TRACK parameter, to make the selection read “AL-C” (ALL-CURRENT).
EDIT screen ● PITCH (pitch change) Modify the pitch of the selected part without changing the length of the audio. • TRACK Select the track whose pitch you wish to modify. • START Specify the starting location of the part whose pitch you wish to modify. • END Specify the ending location of the part whose pitch you wish to modify. • PITCH Adjust the amount of pitch change in semitone units (range: ±12 semitones). • FINE Adjust the amount of pitch change in one-cent units (range: ±50 cents).
EDIT screen • INSERT Specify whether the moved audio data will be inserted (Insert) or overwritten (OverWrite) in the move destination track. • EXECUTE Execute the command. ● DIVIDE Divide the selected region into two regions at the specified point. • REGION Select the region that you wish to divide. • DIVIDE Specify the location at which the region will be divided. • EXECUTE Execute the command. ● TRIM IN Trim the starting location of the selected region toward the end of the song in units of a sample.
EDIT screen V.TR Edit page Edit virtual tracks [Function] 5 Edit the virtual tracks 1–8 included in the specified track. 4 6 8 [Key operation] • [EDIT] key → [F2] (V. TR Edit) key • Repeatedly press the RECORDER [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 3 [Mouse operation] M button → RECORDER EDIT button → V.
EDIT screen ■ Additional functions in the V.TR Edit page In the V.TR Edit page, you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. F1 F2 F3 • [F1] (REMAIN) key • [F2] (X-ZOOM IN) key • [F3] (X-ZOOM OUT) key These are the same as the additional functions of the TR Edit page.
EDIT screen CD Import page Import CD-DA to an audio track [Function] Import CD-DA (CD audio) data from an audio CD/mixed-mode CD-ROM inserted in the internal or external CD-RW drive, and assign it to the desired audio track. 1 2 3 4 [Key operation] • [EDIT] key → [F3] (CD Import) key • Repeatedly press the [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
EDIT screen The AW4416 will detect the inserted CD, and a screen like the following will appear. • CD-DA data can be imported only into songs whose sampling frequency is 44.1 kHz. If the current song has a sampling frequency of 48 kHz, a message of “Current Song is 48 (kHz) Fs Type” will appear, and this page cannot be used. • The keys of the transport section will have no effect while the CD Import page is displayed.
EDIT screen WavImport page Import a WAV file to an audio track [Function] Import a WAV format audio file from a CD-ROM or CD-ROM/MO disk inserted in the internal CDRW drive or an external SCSI device, and assign it to a track. 1 2 3 4 [Key operation] • [EDIT] key → [F4] (WavImport) key • Repeatedly press the RECORDER [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
EDIT screen G EXECUTE button This button executes the WAV file import. The keys of the transport section will have no effect when the WavImport page is displayed. ■ Additional functions in the Wav Import page In the Wav Import page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following additional functions to the [F1]–[F2] keys. F1 F2 4. Move the cursor to the file list, and use the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the WAV file that you wish to import.
EDIT screen TR Import page Import a track from an existing song [Function] Import a track from a song on the hard disk into the desired track of the current song. [Key operation] 1 • [EDIT] key → [F5] (TR Import) key • Repeatedly press the RECORDER [EDIT] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] 2 M button → RECORDER EDIT button → TR Import tab 3 4 5 6 [Screen functions] A Song list This lists the songs that are saved on the internal hard disk.
EDIT screen F EXECUTE button This button executes the track import operation. For the procedure of importing a track, refer to “Importing a track from an existing song,” below. • This button will be valid only after you have used the TRACK CLIP button 5 to register the import source track. • The keys of the transport section will have no effect in the TR Import page. ● Importing a track from an existing song [Procedure] 1. Access the EDIT screen TR Import page. 2.
AUTOMIX screen Main page Make basic automix settings [Function] Make basic settings for recording and playing automix. 1 2 3 [Key operation] • [AUTO MIX] key → [F1] (Main) key • Repeatedly press the [AUTO MIX] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → AMIX button → Main tab 4 5 6 7 9 8 J [Screen functions] A AUTOMIX Turn automix on (ENABLE) or off (DISABLE).
AUTOMIX screen When END= on Previously-recorded fader movement Fader movement after editing RET= on RET= off Edited fader movement When RET= on, END= off Previously-recorded fader movement Fader movement after editing Edited fader movement When RET= off, END= off Previously-recorded fader movement Fader movement after editing Edited fader movement E OVERWRITE F FADER EDIT MODE Switch recording on/off for each parameter. Each button corresponds to the following parameters.
AUTOMIX screen Fader Edit Mode= RELATIVE RET= on Fader movement Fader movement after editing before editing Fader movement edited in RELATIVE mode Fader Edit Mode= RELATIVE RET= off Fader movement before editing END= off Fader movement after editing Fader movement edited in RELATIVE mode Fader Edit Mode= RELATIVE RET= off Fader movement before editing END= on Fader movement after editing Fader movement edited in RELATIVE mode G NEW MIX button When you move the cursor to this button and press the
AUTOMIX screen ● STOP button This button stops automix recording or playback. If you turn on this button while recording automix, a popup window will ask whether you wish to update the data. ● PLAY button If the recorder is started with the ENABLE button turned on, this button will automatically be turned on, and automix recording/playback will begin. While automix is playing, you can use this button in conjunction with the REC button to punch-in.
AUTOMIX screen Memory page Store or recall automix [Function] Store or recall automix data to/ from memory. 45 6 [Key operation] • [AUTO MIX] key → [F2] (Memory) key • Repeatedly press the [AUTO MIX] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 7 2 8 9 K 3 [Mouse operation] J M button → AMIX button → Memory tab L M N O [Screen functions] A TITLE EDIT button Use this to edit the name (memory title) of an automix stored in memory.
AUTOMIX screen ■ Additional functions in the Memory page J AUTOMIX K OVERWRITE In the Memory page you can press the [SHIFT] key to assign the following functions to the [F1]–[F3] keys. L EDIT OUT M UNDO button N CLR. BUF (clear buffer) button O AUTOMIX TRANSPORT These are the same functions as described in the Main page. Refer to the explanation on page 115. F1 F2 F3 • [F1] (TITLE EDIT) key Use this to edit the name (memory title) of automix data saved in memory.
AUTOMIX screen Fader Edit page View fader events as a bar graph [Function] View a bar graph representation of the fader operation events recorded in the automix. [Key operation] • [AUTO MIX] key → [F3] (Fader Edit) key • Repeatedly press the [AUTO MIX] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → AMIX button → Fader Edit tab 1 3 2 4 [Screen functions] A Bar graph This area shows the fader position of each channel as a bar graph.
AUTOMIX screen Event List page Edit events off-line [Function] Perform off-line editing of the scene/library recall, channel on/ off, pan, and fade operations recorded in the automix. 1 [Key operation] • [AUTO MIX] key → [F4] (Event List) key • Repeatedly press the [AUTO MIX] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 7 8 9 2 3 [Mouse operation] M button → AMIX button → Event List tab This page cannot be operated while automix is being played or recorded.
AUTOMIX screen C Selected event Editing will apply to the event that is enclosed by a dotted line in the list. Move the cursor to the parameter that you wish to edit, and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to edit the value. D TIME This area shows the time at which the event is recorded, as hours/minutes/seconds/milliseconds. (The minimum unit is 25 milliseconds.) You can move the cursor to this area and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to move the location of the event.
SCENE screen Scene Mem page Store or recall a scene [Function] Store the current settings of the AW4416 into scene memory, or recall a scene that was stored in scene memory. 4 5 67 [Key operation] • [SCENE] key → [F1] (Scene Mem) key • Repeatedly press the [SCENE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. 1 2 8 3 9 [Mouse operation] M button → SCEN button → Scene Mem tab [Screen functions] A TITLE EDIT button Use this to edit the name (library title) of a scene stored in the library.
SCENE screen The following parameters are saved in memory as a scene. Fader locations of all channels and buses (input channels 1–24, recorder monitor channels 1–16, AUX send levels 1-8, effect returns 1/2, stereo) ON key settings of all channels Attenuation settings of all channels Phase settings of all channels Mix paramEQ settings of all channels eters H PROTECTION Turn memory protect on/off for the scene currently selected by the cursor.
SCENE screen Fade Time page Specify the fade time [Function] 1 Specify the time over which the faders will reach their new locations when a scene is recalled. [Key operation] • [SCENE] key → [F2] (Fade Time) key • Repeatedly press the [SCENE] key until the screen shown at the right appears.
SCENE screen RCL. Safe page Make fader recall safe settings [Function] Specify the faders that will be excluded from the recall when a scene is recalled. 1 2 [Key operation] • [SCENE] key → [F3] (RCL. Safe) key • Repeatedly press the [SCENE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → SCEN button → RCL.
SCENE screen Sort page Sort scenes [Function] Sort the scenes stored in scene memory. [Key operation] 1 2 • [SCENE] key → [F4] (Sort) key • Repeatedly press the [SCENE] key until the screen shown at the right appears. [Mouse operation] M button → SCEN button → Sort tab 3 [Screen functions] A SOURCE This list shows the current state of the scene memories. Move the cursor to this list, and rotate the [DATA/JOG] dial to select the scene whose sorting order you wish to change.
Appendix Appendix Preset EQ Program Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Preset Effects Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Effects Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Dynamics Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Preset Dynamics Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Preset Dynamics Program Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix Preset EQ Program Parameters No 001 002 003 Parameter Name Bass Drum 1 Bass Drum 2 Snare Drum 1 LOW 005 Snare Drum 2 Tom-tom 1 Cymbal PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 10 0.9 F 99Hz 265Hz 1.05kHz 5.33kHz G +3.5dB –3.5dB 0.0dB +4.0dB PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING LPF Q 1.4 4.5 2.2 F 79Hz 397Hz 2.52kHz 12.6kHz G +8.0dB –7.0dB +6.0dB ON High Hat H.SHELF PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 1.2 4.5 0.11 F 132Hz 1.00kHz 3.17kHz 5.04kHz G –0.5dB 0.0dB +3.0dB +4.
Appendix No 011 012 Parameter Name Syn.Bass 1 Syn.Bass 2 LOW 014 015 016 017 Piano 1 Piano 2 E.G.Clean E.G.Crunch 1 E.G.Crunch 2 E.G.Distortion 1 PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 8 4.5 F 83Hz 944Hz 4.00kHz 12.6kHz G +3.5dB +8.5dB 0.0dB 0.0dB 020 E.G.Distortion 2 A.G.Stroke 1 H.SHELF PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 1.6 8 2.2 F 125Hz 177Hz 1.12kHz 12.6kHz G +2.5dB 0.0dB +1.5dB 0.0dB H.SHELF Q A.G.Stroke 2 PEAKING PEAKING 8 0.9 F 94Hz 944Hz 3.17kHz 7.55kHz G –6.
Appendix No Parameter Name LOW L.SHELF 022 A.G.Arpeggio 1 Q 024 025 026 027 A.G.Arpeggio 2 Brass Section Male Vocal 1 Male Vocal 2 Female Vocal 1 029 030 031 Female Vocal 2 Chorus & Harmony Total EQ 1 Total EQ 2 Total EQ 3 Appendix–4 PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 4.5 4.5 0.12 1.00kHz 4.00kHz 6.72kHz G –0.5dB 0.0dB 0.0dB +2.0dB H.SHELF Q PEAKING PEAKING 7 4.5 F 177Hz 354Hz 4.00kHz 4.23kHz G 0.0dB –5.5dB 0.0dB +4.0dB PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING Q 2.
Appendix No 033 Parameter Name Bass Drum 3 LOW Snare Drum 3 036 037 038 Tom-tom 2 Piano 3 Piano Low Piano High PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 10 0.4 0.4 F 118Hz 315Hz 4.23kHz 20.1kHz G +3.5dB –10.0dB +3.5dB 0.0dB Q 040 Fine-EQ(Cass) Narrator PEAKING PEAKING PEAKING 4.5 2.8 0.1 F 223Hz 561Hz 4.23kHz 4.00kHz G 0.0dB +2.0dB +3.5dB 0.0dB H.SHELF Q PEAKING PEAKING 4.5 1.2 F 88Hz 210Hz 5.33kHz 16.9kHz G –9.0dB +1.5dB +2.0dB 0.
Appendix Preset Effects Programs The following table lists the preset effects programs. See “Effects Parameters” on page Appendix–8 for detailed parameter information. Effects programs that use the HQ. PITCH effect can be used only with Effect 2. Reverb-type Effects # Title Type Description 01 Reverb Hall REVERB HALL Reverb simulating a large space such as a concert hall. 02 Reverb Room REVERB ROOM Reverb simulating the acoustics of a smaller space (room) than REVERB HALL.
Appendix Distortion-type Effects # Title Type Description 24 Distortion DISTORTION Distortion 25 Amp Simulate AMP SIMULATE Guitar Amp Simulator Dynamic Effects # Title Type Description 26 Dyna.Filter DYNA.FILTER Dynamically controlled filter. Responds to MIDI Note On velocity when SOURCE set to MIDI. 27 Dyna.Flange DYNA.FLANGE Dynamically controlled flanger. Responds to MIDI Note On velocity when SOURCE set to MIDI. 28 Dyna.Phaser DYNA.PHASER Dynamically controlled phase shifter.
Appendix Effects Parameters REVERB HALL, REVERB ROOM, REVERB STAGE, REVERB PLATE Hall, room, stage, and plate simulations, all with gates. Parameter Range Description REV TIME 0.3–99.0 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency reverb time ratio LO.RATIO 0.1–2.4 Low-frequency reverb time ratio DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left–right reverb spread) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density E/R DLY 0.0–100.
Appendix GATE REVERB, REVERSE GATE Early reflections with gate, and early reflections with reverse gate. Parameter Range Description TYPE Type-A, Type-B Type of early reflection simulation ROOMSIZE 0.1–20.0 Reflection spacing LIVENESS 0–10 Early reflections decay characteristics (0 = dead, 10 = live) INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left–right reverb spread) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density ER NUM. 1–19 Number of early reflections FB.
Appendix MOD.DELAY Basic repeat delay with modulation. Parameter DELAY Range Description 0.0–2725.0 ms Delay time FB.GAIN –99 to +99% Feedback gain (plus values for normal-phase feedback, minus values for reverse-phase feedback) HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency feedback ratio FREQ. 0.05–40.00 Hz Modulation speed DEPTH 0–100% Modulation depth HPF Thru, 21 Hz–8.0 kHz High-pass filter cutoff frequency LPF 50 Hz–16.0 kHz, Thru Low-pass filter cutoff frequency MIX BAL.
Appendix CHORUS Chorus effect. Parameter Range Description FREQ. 0.05–40.00 Hz Modulation speed PM DEP. 0–100% Pitch modulation depth AM DEP. 0–100% Amp modulation depth MOD.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Modulation delay time WAVE Sine, Tri Modulation waveform LSH F 21.2–8.00 k [Hz] Low-shelving filter frequency LSH G –12 to +12 [dB] Low-shelving filter gain EQ F 100–8.00 k [Hz] Parametric equalizer center frequency EQ G –12 to +12 [dB] Parametric equalizer gain EQ Q 10–0.
Appendix SYMPHONIC Symphonic efect. Parameter Range Description FREQ. 0.05–40.00 Hz Modulation speed DEPTH 0–100% Modulation depth MOD.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Modulation delay time WAVE Sine, Tri Modulation waveform LSH F 21.2–8.00 k [Hz] Low-shelving filter frequency LSH G –12 to +12 [dB] Low-shelving filter gain EQ F 100–8.00 k [Hz] Parametric equalizer center frequency EQ G –12 to +12 [dB] Parametric equalizer gain EQ Q 10–0.10 Parametric equalizer band width HSH F 50.0–16.
Appendix TREMOLO Tremolo effect. Parameter Range Description FREQ. 0.05–40.00 Hz Modulation speed DEPTH 0–100% Modulation depth WAVE Sine, Tri, Square Modulation waveform LSH F 21.2–8.00 k [Hz] Low-shelving filter frequency LSH G –12 to +12 [dB] Low-shelving filter gain EQ F 100–8.00 k [Hz] Parametric equalizer center frequency EQ G –12 to +12 [dB] Parametric equalizer gain EQ Q 10–0.10 Parametric equalizer band width HSH F 50.0–16.
Appendix ROTARY Rotary speaker simulator. Parameter Range Description ROTATE STOP, START Rotation stop, start SPEED SLOW, FAST Rotation speed (see SLOW and FAST parameters) DRIVE 0–100 Overdrive level ACCEL 0–10 Accelation at speed changes LOW 0–100 Low-frequency filter HIGH 0–100 High-frequency filter SLOW 0.05–10.00 Hz SLOW rotation speed FAST 0.05–10.00 Hz FAST rotation speed MIX BAL. 0–100 [%] Mix balance of the effects and dry sounds RING MOD. Ring modulator.
Appendix AMP SIMULATE Guitar Amp Simulator. Parameter Range Description AMP TYPE *1 Guitar amp simulation type DST TYPE DST1, DST2, OVD1, OVD2, CRUNCH Distortion type (DST = distortion, OVD = overdrive) N.GATE 0–20 Noise reduction DRIVE 0–100 Distortion drive MASTER 0–100 Master volume CAB DEP 0–100% Speaker cabinet simulation depth BASS 0–100 Bass tone control MIDDLE 0–100 Middle tone control TREBLE 0–100 High tone control EQ F 99–8.
Appendix DYNA.FLANGE Dynamically controlled flanger. Parameter Range Description SOURCE INPUT, MIDI Control source: input signal or MIDI note on velocity SENSE 0–100 Sensitivity FB.GAIN –99 to +99% Feedback gain (plus values for normal-phase feedback, minus values for reverse-phase feedback) OFFSET 0–100 Delay time offset DIR. UP, DOWN Upward or downward frequency change DECAY *1 Decay speed LSH F 21.2–8.
Appendix REV+CHORUS Reverb and chorus effects in parallel. Parameter Range Description REV TIME 0.3–99.9 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency reverb time ratio DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left-right reverb spreed) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density HPF Thru, 21 Hz–8.0 kHz High-pass filter cutoff frequency LPF 50 Hz–16.0 kHz, Thru Low-pass filter cutoff frequency FREQ. 0.05–40.00 Hz Modulation speed PM DEP.
Appendix REV+FLANGE Reverb and flanger effects in parallel. Parameter Range Description REV TIME 0.3–99.9 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency reverb time ratio DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left-right reverb spreed) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density HPF Thru, 21 Hz–8.0 kHz High-pass filter cutoff frequency LPF 50 Hz–16.0 kHz, Thru Low-pass filter cutoff frequency FREQ. 0.05–40.
Appendix REV+SYMPHO. Reverb and symphonic effects in parallel. Parameter Range Description REV TIME 0.3–99.9 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency reverb time ratio DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left-right reverb spreed) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density HPF Thru, 21 Hz–8.0 kHz High-pass filter cutoff frequency LPF 50 Hz–16.0 kHz, Thru Low-pass filter cutoff frequency FREQ. 0.05–40.
Appendix REV->PAN Reverb and auto-pan effects in parallel. Parameter Range Description REV TIME 0.3–99.9 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency reverb time ratio DIFF. 0–10 Reverb diffusion (left-right reverb spreed) DENSITY 0–100% Reverb density HPF Thru, 21 Hz–8.0 kHz High-pass filter cutoff frequency LPF 50 Hz–16.0 kHz, Thru Low-pass filter cutoff frequency FREQ. 0.05–40.
Appendix DELAY->ER. Delay and early reflections effects in series. Parameter Range Description DELAY L 0.0–1000.0 ms Left channel delay time DELAY R 0.0–1000.0 ms Right channel delay time FB.DLY 0.0–1000.0 ms Feedback delay time FB.GAIN –99 to +99% Feedback gain (plus values for normal-phase feedback, minus values for reverse-phase feedback) HI.RATIO 0.1–1.0 High-frequency feedback ratio TYPE S-Hall, L-Hall, Random, Revers, Plate, Spring Type of early reflection simulation ROOMSIZE 0.
Appendix DELAY->REV Delay and reverb effects in series. Parameter Range Description DELAY L 0.0–1000.0 ms Left channel delay time DELAY R 0.0–1000.0 ms Right channel delay time FB.DLY 0.0–1000.0 ms Feedback delay time FB.GAIN –99 to +99% Feedback gain (plus values for normal-phase feedback, minus values for reverse-phase feedback) DELAY HI 0.1–1.0 Delay high-frequency feedback ratio REV TIME 0.3–99.9 s Reverb time INI.DLY 0.0–500.0 ms Initial delay before reverb begins REV HI 0.
Appendix MULTI FILTER Three-band parallel filter (24 dB/octave) Parameter Range Description TYPE 1 HPF, LPF, BPF Filter 1 type: low pass, high pass, band pass TYPE 2 HPF, LPF, BPF Filter 2 type: low pass, high pass, band pass TYPE 3 HPF, LPF, BPF Filter 3 type: low pass, high pass, band pass FREQ. 1 28 Hz–16.0 kHz Filter 1 frequency FREQ. 2 28 Hz–16.0 kHz Filter 2 frequency FREQ. 3 28 Hz–16.
Appendix Dynamics Processors Dynamics processors are generally used to correct or control signal levels. However, you can also use them creatively to shape the volume envelope of a sound. The AW4416 features comprehensive dynamics processors for all the input channels, tape returns, and the bus and stereo outputs. These processors allow you to compress, expand, compress-expand (compand), gate, or duck the signals passing through the mixer, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and flexibility.
Appendix Compressor A compressor provides a form of automatic level control. By attenuating high levels, thus effectively reducing the dynamic range, the compressor makes it much easier to control signals and set appropriate fader levels. Reducing the dynamic range also means that recording levels can be set higher, therefore improving the signal-to-noise performance.
Appendix Expander An expander is another form of automatic level control. By attenuating the signal below the threshold, the expander reduces low-level noise and effectively increases the dynamic range of the recorded material. dB +20 Expansion ratio = 2:1 +10 0 Knee = hard Output Level -10 Threshold = -10dB -20 -30 Expander (EXP) parameters: -40 Parameter -50 Value -60 -70 Threshold (dB) –54 to 0 (55 points) Ratio 1.0, 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.
Appendix Compander A compander is a compressor-expander—a combination of signal compression and expansion. The compander attenuates the input signal above the threshold as well as the level below the width. For very dynamic material, this program allows you to retain the dynamic range without having to be concerned with excessive output signal levels and clipping.
Appendix Gate and Ducking A gate, or noise gate is an audio switch used to mute signals below a set threshold level. It can be used to suppress background noise and hiss from valve (tube) amps, effects pedals, and microphones. Ducking is used to automatically reduce the levels of one signal when the level of a source signal exceeds a specified threshold. It is used for voiceover applications where, for example, level of background music is automatically reduced, allowing an announcer to be heard clearly.
Appendix Preset Dynamics Program Parameters The “Release”, “Hold”, and “Decay” values shown in the following table are valid when the AW4416 is set at a sampling frequency of 44.1 kHz. No. 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 Name A.Dr.BD A.Dr.BD A.Dr.BD A.Dr.BD A.Dr.SN A.Dr.SN A.Dr.SN Type "CMP "EXP "GAT "CPH "CMP "EXP "GAT Compressor Expander Gate CompanderH Compressor Expander Gate Parameter Value Threshold (dB) –24 Ratio ( :1) 3 Attack (ms) 9 Outgain (dB) 5.
Appendix No. 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 Name A.Dr.SN A.Dr.Tom A.Dr.OverTop E.B.finger E.B.slap Syn.Bass Piano1 Appendix–30 Type "CPS "EXP "CPS "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP CompanderS Expander CompanderS Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor — Reference Guide Parameter Value Threshold (dB) –8 Ratio ( :1) 1.7 Attack (ms) 11 Outgain (dB) 0.0 Width (dB) 10 Release (ms) 128 Threshold (dB) –20 Ratio ( :1) 2 Attack (ms) 2 Outgain (dB) 5.
Appendix No. 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 Name Piano2 E.Guitar A.Guitar Strings1 Strings2 Strings3 BrassSection Type "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor Parameter Value Threshold (dB) –18 Ratio ( :1) 3.5 Attack (ms) 7 Outgain (dB) 6.0 Knee 2 Release (ms) 174 Threshold (dB) –8 Ratio ( :1) 3.5 Attack (ms) 7 Outgain (dB) 2.
Appendix No. 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 Name Syn.Pad Type "CMP SamplingPerc "CPS Sampling BD Sampling SN Hip Comp Solo Vocal1 Solo Vocal2 Appendix–32 "CMP "CMP "CPS "CMP "CMP Compressor CompanderS Compressor Compressor CompanderS Compressor Compressor — Reference Guide Parameter Value Threshold (dB) –13 Ratio ( :1) 2 Attack (ms) 58 Outgain (dB) 2.0 Knee 1 Release (ms) 238 Threshold (dB) –18 Ratio ( :1) 1.7 Attack (ms) 8 Outgain (dB) –2.
Appendix No. 029 030 031 032 033 034 035 036 Name Chorus Type "CMP Compander(H) "CPH Compander(S) "CPS Click Erase Announcer Easy Gate BGM Ducking Limiter1 "EXP "CPH "GAT "DUK "CMP Compressor CompanderH CompanderS Expander CompanderH Gate Ducking CompanderS Parameter Value Threshold (dB) –9 Ratio ( :1) 1.7 Attack (ms) 39 Outgain (dB) 2.5 Knee 2 Release (ms) 226 Threshold (dB) –10 Ratio ( :1) 3.5 Attack (ms) 1 Outgain (dB) 0.
Appendix No. 037 038 039 040 Name Limiter2 Total Comp1 Total Comp2 Total Comp3 Appendix–34 Type "CMP "CMP "CMP "CMP Compressor Compressor Compressor Compressor — Reference Guide Parameter Value Threshold (dB) 0 Ratio ( :1) ∞ Attack (ms) 0 Outgain (dB) 0.0 Knee hard Release (ms) 319 Threshold (dB) –8 Ratio ( :1) 2.5 Attack (ms) 60 Outgain (dB) 0.0 Knee 2 Release (ms) 1.12 S Threshold (dB) –18 Ratio ( :1) 3.5 Attack (ms) 94 Outgain (dB) 2.
Appendix Troubleshooting If the AW4416 does not operate as you expect, or if you suspect a problem, please refer to the following points and take the appropriate action. ■Power does not turn on • Is the power cable connected to an AC outlet of the correct voltage? • Is the POWER switch turned ON? • If the power still does not turn on, please contact your Yamaha dealer.
Appendix ■Can’t record • Is the internal hard disk connected? • Is there sufficient free space on the internal hard disk? • The song may be protected. • Is the [REC TRACK SELECT] key lit? • The stereo track may be in playback mode. • Is the input signal routed appropriately to the recorder? * * If the signal is being input appropriately to the recorder, pressing the [REC TRACK SELECT] key will cause the meter in the FL display to react.
Appendix ■MTC synchronization drifts • Does the frame rate match between the AW4416 and the external device? • SYNC OFFSET may have been set. • If jumps occur in the synchronized time, change the SYNC AVE. setting in the MIDI screen MIDI Sync page, and try again.
Appendix ■Playback pitch is wrong • VARI may be selected. • Is the AW4416 operating on the same sampling frequency as the synchronized external device? • Is the master device operating in a stable way? • You may have executed the EDIT screen PITCH command. • Is an effect such as HQ.Pitch or Dual Pitch selected for a monitor channel? ■Counter display is not 0 when you return to the beginning of the song • The display mode may be set to REMAIN (remaining recording time).
Appendix Display message list Messages AUTOMIX DISABLED. Automix is not enabled, and cannot be recorded. AUTOMIX MEMORY FULL! Automix memory has no free area. AUTOMIX NOT RUNNING. Automix has been stopped, so recording is not possible. Pause the recorder, and then playback. AUTOMIX REC ABORTED. Automix recording was stopped, and the data was discarded. AUTOMIX RECORDING. The operation cannot be executed since automix is being recorded. AUTOMIX RUNNING.
Appendix INT.EFF NOW SELECTED AUX. The internal effect is connected to the AUX send, and cannot be inserted. LOW BATTERY!! The internal battery is running down. MAKE NEW MIX. There are no events to be edited. Please create a new mix. MARK ERASED The mark has been erased. MARK SET The mark has been set. MIDI IN: DATA FRAMING ERROR! Invalid data may have been received at the MIDI IN connector. MIDI IN: DATA OVERRUN! Invalid data may have been received at the MIDI IN connector.
Appendix STEREO TRACK MUTE IS OFF Since muting is off for the stereo track, track muting cannot be turned off. THIS SONG IS PROTECTED. This song is protected, and cannot be edited or recorded. TO HOST: DATA FRAMING ERROR! Invalid data may have been received at the TO HOST connector. TO HOST: DATA OVERRUN! Invalid data may have been received at the TO HOST connector. TO HOST: DATA PARITY ERROR! Invalid data may have been received at the TO HOST connector.
Appendix Media Error! A problem has occurred on the media. Media Full! The media has no free space. Media Protected! The media is write-protected. Memory Full! There is no free space in the sampling pad memory. No Song to Backup! There is no song to backup. No Song to Edit! There is no song to edit. No Song to Load! There is no song to load. No Song to Restore! There is no song to restore. No Song to Save! There is no song to save.
Appendix Specifications General Specifications AD converter 24-bit linear, 64-times oversampling DA converter 24-bit linear, 128-times oversampling Internal processing 32-bit Sampling frequency Internal 44.1 kHz/48kHz External 44.1 kHz (–6%) to 48 kHz (+6%) Audio input section MIC/LINE DIGITAL STEREO IN mini YGDAI card (option) max. 26 channels 8 channels 2 channels (stereo × 1) max.
Appendix Tracks Maximum recording time 130 tracks (16 tracks × 8 virtual tracks plus stereo track) Approx. 140 min (44.1 kHz, 16-bit, 16 tracks, 12 GB hard disk) Power requirements U.S.A. & Canada 120 V 80 W AC, 60 Hz Europe 230 V 80 W AC, 50 Hz Dimensions (W × H × D) 558.0 × 147.7 × 459.7 mm (22 x 5.8 x 18.1 inches) Weight 11.8 kg (26 lbs) Operating temperature range 5° to 35° C Options Removable 2.
Appendix STEREO OUT Output impedance Nominal load impedance Nominal output level Maximum output level L, R (unbalanced, phono) 1 kΩ 10 kΩ –10 dBV +8 dBV MONITOR OUT Output impedance Nominal load impedance Nominal output level Maximum output level L, R (balanced, TRS phone jack) 150Ω 10 kΩ +4 dB +22 dB OMNI OUT Output impedance Nominal load impedance Nominal output level Maximum output level 1–4 (unbalanced, phone jack) 1 kΩ 10 kΩ 0 dB +18 dBV PHONES Nominal load impedance Maximum output level (unbala
Appendix Fader 60 mm motorized × 17 Frequency response +1, –3 dB, 20 Hz–20 kHz (MIC/LINE IN to STEREO OUT) Dynamic range 109 dB (typical) 104 dB (typical) (20 kHz, LPF, IHF-A) DA converter (STEREO OUT) AD + DA (LINE IN to STEREO OUT) Total harmonic distortion Less than 0.02% @1 kHz (LINE IN to STEREO OUT) (20 kHz, LPF) Recorder section ■ General Recording resolution 16-bit, 24-bit (set per song) Sampling frequency 44.
Appendix Region edit Erase, delete, copy, move, time compression/ expansion, pitch change, insert ■ Others Locate Direct locate: data entry search (time, measure) Quick locate: start, end, RTZ, A/B, last rec in/ out, roll back Punch I/O Manual punch I/O, auto punch I/O Analog section Input (channel 1–8) Input (channel 1, 2) Output Gain (variable) +48 V (phantom switch) Phones level, monitor out level Controls Mixer section WORK NAVIGATE buttons UNIT buttons MIXER buttons FADER MODE buttons SONG, Q
Appendix Others ABS/REL button, PEAK HOLD button, AUTOMATION button (AUTOMIX, SCENE), SCENE MEMORY button (STORE, RECALL, –, +), JOG ON button, UNDO button, REDO button, CURSOR button, ( , , , ), DATA ENTRY button (JOG/SHUTTLE), ENTER button 320 × 240 dots graphical LCD (with contrast control), 3-color FL display Display Control I/O Appendix–48 WORD CLOCK IN BNC WORD CLOCK OUT BNC MIDI IN 5-pin DIN MIDI OUT/THRU 5-pin DIN MTC OUT 5-pin DIN TO HOST 8-pin mini DIN SCSI 50-pin half pitch D-Sub
Appendix 147.7 132.1 7.6 450 459.7 558 9.7 Dimensions Unit: mm Specifications and external appearance subject to change without notice. For European Model Purchaser/User Information specified in EN55103-1 and EN55103-2.
Appendix MIDI data format 1. Functions 1.7 MTC slave synchronization 1.1 MIDI-SETUP There are two types of serial connector: the MIDI connectors and the TO HOST. They have the same functionality, and you can select which type to use as appropriate for the connection destination. Both types use the MIDI format for communication. In the case of the TO HOST connector, the transmission method must be selected appropriate for the other device. The available methods are listed below.
Appendix 3. MIDI message formats 4. MIDI format details 3.1 CHANNEL MESSAGE 4.1 NOTE OFF (8n) < Reception > command rx/tx function -----+----------------------------+-------+------------------------------8n NOTE OFF rx Control internal effects 9n NOTE ON rx Control internal effects Bn CONTROL CHANGE Only echoed Cn PROGRAM CHANGE rx/tx Select scene memories (using the Program Change Table) 3.
Appendix STATUS DATA 11110001 F1 0nnndddd dd Quarter Frame Message nnn = message type (0-7) dddd = data 4.6 SONG POSITION POINTER (F2) < Transmission > If MIDI Clock is being transmitted, Song Position Pointer messages will be transmitted when the recorder stops or locates, in order to indicate the song position at which playback should begin for the next Start/Continue.
Appendix 4.13.6 MMC RECORD STROBE < Reception > If the AW4416 is operating as the MMC SLAVE and the device number of the message matches or is 7F, it will begin recording if stopped, or punch-in if playing. STATUS ID No. 11110000 F0 01111111 7F Device ID 0ddddddd dd Command 00000110 06 EOX 00000110 06 11110111 F7 System Exclusive Message Real Time System Exclusive Destination (00-7E, 7F:all call) Machine Control Command (mcc) sub-id Record strobe End Of Exclusive 4.13.
YAMAHA [PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION] Model: AW4416 Function... Date: 18 Feb. 2000 MIDI Implementation Chart Transmitted Recognized Remarks 1–16 1–16 1–16 1–16 Memorized Memorized Memorized Basic Channel Default Changed Mode Default Messages Altered X X ************** OMNI off/OMNI on X X :True Voice X ************** 0–127 X Note Number Version: 1.
PEAK METER METER INPUT 1-2 METER PREFADER LISTEN/ AFTER PAN SOLO AD ON ATT METER (EQ) INPUT SELECT AD Hi-z 8 ch ONLY DYNAMICS 4 BAND EQ PEAK INPUT 3-8 STEREO METER INSERT LEVEL ATT 4BAND EQ PAN INPUT DELAY PRE/POST METER (Gain Reduction) ON AUX DYNAMICS METER METER (EQ) (Gain Reduction) CD PLAY mode CD-RW DRIVE L R CD PlayBack Mono in X 24 DIRECT OUT (1~16 only) RETURN 1(...2) METER METER METER PREFADER LISTEN/ AFTER PAN SOLO BUS1(...8) METER LEVEL METER METER AUX1(..
YAMAHA CORPORATION V566460 R0 1 IP 194 00 08 7000 AP Printed in Japan Pro Audio & Digital Musical Instrument Division P.O.
PROFESSIONAL AUDIO WORKSTATION Tutorial E
Tutorial—AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation Showing a Yamaha AW4416 to a recording engineer, say, 20 years ago, would have a similar effect to showing an interplanetary probe to Galileo. After the initial shock both parties would probably nod their heads and mumble something about inevitability. It had to happen. The AW4416 can do what once required a couple of rooms full of very, very expensive equipment that required considerable expertise to operate.
Tutorial—AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation ❒ Contents AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation ........................................ 1 A Note About the Tutorial .................................................................... 1 Contents .............................................................................................. 2 Laying Down the Basic Tracks .......................................................... 5 Rhythm First! ................................................................
Tutorial—AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation Tracks 9 & 10: Strings ........................................................................ 22 Tracks 11, 12, & 13: Chorus ............................................................... 22 Track 14: Lead Vocal ........................................................................... 22 Save the Song! ................................................................................... 23 Phase 5: Finalize the Mix & Set Up Automation .......................
Tutorial—AW4416 Professional Audio Workstation 4 — Tutorial
Tutorial—Laying Down the Basic Tracks Laying Down the Basic Tracks Although the basic tracks you’ll use to assemble the “So Fine” mix have already been recorded for you (of course you can add your own tracks, if you like), let’s take a moment to discuss the initial recording process.
Tutorial—Laying Down the Basic Tracks ❒ “Scratch” or “Guide” Vocals If you’re working alone this won’t be necessary, but when recording a band it’s sometimes a good idea to have the singer lay down a “scratch vocal” track while recording the rhythm section. This is simply because bands are generally used to playing with vocals, and the performance can suffer if there is a void where the vocals are supposed to be.
Tutorial—Laying Down the Basic Tracks ❒ Overdubs The actual procedure for recording overdubs is really no different from recording the basic tracks, except that you’ll be monitoring previously recorded material while doing it. Remember to use a good pair of closed headphones to monitor the backing tracks while recording acoustic overdubs or vocals (not open types or the in-ear types often used with portable stereos) to prevent leakage of the headphone mix back into the microphone.
Tutorial—Load the Demo Song Load the Demo Song Before you can work on the demo song, you’ll first need to load it onto the AW4416 hard disk from the supplied CD-ROM. This tutorial assumes that you already have a CD-RW drive configured for use with your AW4416. See the Operation Guide for information on installing and connecting an external CD-RW drive. Load the Demo Song From the CD-ROM Onto the AW4416 Hard Disk 1. Press the AW4416 [FILE] key. 2. Press the [F2] function key to go to the “Restore” page. 3.
Tutorial—Load the Demo Song Load the Demo Song from the Hard Disk 1. Press the [SONG] key (and the [F1] function key if necessary to select the “Song List” page). 2. Use the DATA dial to select “So Fine”. 3. Move the cursor to “LOAD” on the display and press [ENTER]. When the “Will Save Current song … ARE YOU SURE?” confirmation prompt appears, move the cursor to “YES” or “NO” and press [ENTER] to begin the load operation. 4.
Tutorial—Mixdown Mixdown Although the term “mixdown” seems to imply a single action, it is really a process that can involve many interrelated steps. As you become more experienced, the individual steps will sort of blend into one larger operation. This is important because at all times you’ll need to consider how each small action will affect the overall sound. A small change in equalization on one instrument, for example, can affect the way the others sound.
Tutorial—Mixdown 1. Make sure that the RECORDER [MONI] MIXING LAYER is selected. 2. Recall the scene number 01 “FADERS NOMINAL” provided to set faders 1 through 14 to nominal (Press the [SCENE] key, use the data dial to select the scene number 01 “FADERS NOMINAL”, move the cursor to “RECALL”, press [ENTER], select “OK” in the confirmation and press [ENTER] again). 3. Press the MIXER [VIEW] key so you can see the selected monitor channel parameters on the display.
Tutorial—Mixdown Phase 2: Set Up a Rough Mix The rough mix is only the starting point for the final mix, and it doesn’t have to be perfect. The purpose of setting up a rough mix using only levels and panning is to give you a reference point on which to base decisions about more detailed processing, effects, automation, etc. You shouldn’t spend a lot of time on this phase of the mixdown process.
Tutorial—Mixdown cases where the drums or other instrument seems to occupy the entire stereo field, try panning the left and right channels between about a third and half way to the maximum values. In the case of the “So Fine” demo, however, the drums were recorded “live” in the studio with proper stereo imaging (i.e. this is not a sampler or drum module), and sound fine panned full left and right. Go ahead and set the left and right drum track pan values to L16 and R16, respectively.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Add the Lead Vocal Ah-ha! Fooled you! You thought we were going to add the chorus parts on tracks 11, 12, and 13, and THEN add the lead vocal track, didn’t you! Well we won’t, and the reason is simply that the chorus parts really must be heard in relation to the lead vocal in order to set appropriate levels. Turn ON channel 14, leave the pan control set at center (the normal position for lead vocals), and reduce the fader level to about –7.3 dB.
Tutorial—Mixdown Phase 3: Assemble the Mix Part by Part Now we’re ready to do some serious work on the sound of the individual tracks in an attempt to make them “mesh” to create a well-balanced overall mix. INSTANT GRATIFICATION! Once again, we’ve provided a scene you can simply recall to automatically make all the settings included in “Phase 3”, below.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Track 3: Claves/Electronic Drums This track needs a bit of compression to make the electronic drums jump out of the mix when they appear at the outro. Later, when we work on the automation, we’ll boost this track a bit at the outro for extra impact. 1. Press the track 3 [SEL] key to select the claves/electronic drums track. 2. Press the MIXER [DYN] key to access the dynamics parameters. 3. The “COMP” dynamics type should already be selected (it’s the default).
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Track 5: Rhythm Guitar The rhythm guitar track needs to be a little “chunkier” to achieve the classic R&B type of sound we’re after. A little EQ and compression will accomplish that feat, and the compression will also help to even out dynamic variations that cause the guitar part to be buried in the mix from time to time. You should know how to make the EQ and dynamics adjustments by now, so we’ll just give you the figures and you can make the settings yourself.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Track 8: Piano We’ll use some EQ to “thin out” the piano sound a bit, and give it a touch more presence so that it will come through in the mix a bit more. ❍ Piano EQ LOW L-MID H-MID HIGH Q L.SHELF 8.0 — H.SHELF F 74 21 — 7.55 kHz G –3.5 –4.0 — +2.0 ❒ Tracks 9 & 10: Strings If we’d recorded real strings we might have needed a bit of processing here, but since this is pretty-much a “pre-processed” synth string patch, we can leave it alone.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❍ Female Chorus 2 Compression THRESH. RATIO OUT GAIN ATTACK RELEASE KNEE –16 2.5:1 +2.0 22 226 4 ❒ Track 13: Male Chorus The quality of this singer’s voice makes EQ unnecessary in this situation, but some compression will be helpful to help the blend with the female chorus. ❍ Male Chorus Compression THRESH. RATIO OUT GAIN ATTACK RELEASE KNEE –20 2.5:1 +2.
Tutorial—Mixdown Phase 4: Add Ambience “Ambience” effects such as reverb, delay, and echo are generally used to provide a sense of space and warmth. So far we’ve worked with the “dry” (i.e. no effects) tracks, but many engineers and artists would already have ambience effects in place. In fact, many artists insist on monitoring “wet” while laying down the tracks.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Add Ambience to the Tracks as Required All you have to do now is use the faders in the AUX 7 mode to add the required degree of the Reverb Room effect to the tracks. Tip! As with other stages in the mix process you’ll probably be turning channels on and off so you can hear how the processed tracks sound alone or in combination with certain other tracks. As we mentioned earlier, don’t use the SOLO function to do this, use the channel [ON] buttons instead.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Track 7: Organ Instruments like organ always present a challenge when trying to decide on the right amount of reverb to add. The sustained nature of the sound means you can add a LOT of reverb before you really notice it … but it’s there, and probably playing havoc with the overall mix. You’ll probably need to add a touch of reverb to integrate the instrument into the overall space of the recording, but only a touch! Organ reverb at –20.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ Save the Song! We can’t emphasize enough how important it is to keep saving your work at relatively short intervals. Accidents do happen, and if after several hours of hard work your AW4416 is accidentally unplugged, or there’s a power failure, or your pet cat decides to do a mix of his own, you’ll have to go back and start again. Ouch! Press the WORK NAVIGATE [SONG] key to go to the SONG display, if necessary also press the [F1] function key to select the “Song List” page.
Tutorial—Mixdown Phase 5: Finalize the Mix & Set Up Automation Well, the basic mix is pretty much done. Now that all the processing and effects are in place you should listen carefully and make any final adjustments. But as you listen to the mix we’ve set up you’ll probably notice that one “average” mix doesn’t quite do justice to the entire song. You’ll probably notice sections on which you’d like make a temporary change to the level of one track or another. This is where automation comes in handy.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❒ The Automix The general flow of the automix is described below in reference to absolute counter times. Please note that the times given are not precise. Use them as a guide. ❍ 00:00:00 The first thing you’ll notice is that the channel ON keys for tracks 8 through 14 are all off. We’ll turn those tracks on just before the corresponding parts come in. ❍ 00:00:13 Channels 11, 12, and 13 are turned ON just before the chorus comes in on the introduction.
Tutorial—Mixdown ❍ 00:01:31 The lead guitar on track 6 and the lead vocal on track 14 have been brought back down to their “normal” levels. The organ level is also returned to normal. ❍ 00:01:39 The level of the male chorus track (13) is boosted a bit here because for the next couple of phrases the male chorus doubles with the lead vocalist while the female chorus provides “0oh” type support. ❍ 00:01:53 Male chorus brought back down to normal chorus level.
Tutorial—Mixdown Phase 6: Use the Virtual Tracks to Create an Alternate Mix If you feel that you need a little more practice with the mixing process, try selecting the alternative string and vocal tracks we’ve provided and see how they change the overall sound. Otherwise you can skip ahead to the “Mastering” section that follows. Tracks 9 and 10 of the “So Fine” demo contain alternative string parts, and track 14 contains an alternative male lead vocal part. Switch to virtual tracks 2 on these tracks (i.e.
Tutorial—Mastering Mastering When you think mastering, think “subtle”. But just because it’s subtle doesn’t mean that it can’t have a huge impact on the overall sound of a song. Mastering is the process of making final adjustments to the overall sound, usually involving the application of EQ and/or compression. In some instances an engineer might even decide to add a touch of overall reverb.
Tutorial—Mastering 3. Move the cursor down to the scene number in the event list (it should be “05” if you changed it as we suggested on page 24) and use the data dial to change the scene number to “06”. 4. Now go back to the VIEW display or any other display you want to watch while listening to the mastered automix. ❍ Equalization As mentioned above, you won’t always need to do this, but overall master EQ can be useful when you want to add a little brilliance or low end, or both, to a finished mix.
Tutorial—Practice, Practice … Step 3: Write the Song to a CD-R Disk This procedure is described in detail in the AW4416 operation guide (page 255), so we won’t go into it here. But now you know how the entire process works — from the basic tracks to CD. Practice, Practice … Really. Mixing and mastering are skills which, like playing an instrument, can only be acquired through practice.
Tutorial—Glossary Glossary ❒ Galileo An early astronomer who lived in the 16th –17th century, and who most certainly never saw anything like an interplanetary probe. We’re pretty sure he never saw an AW4416, either. ❒ Close-miking As the term implies, “close-miking” involves placing a microphone very close to the source in order to maximize the amount of sound picked up from the desired source in relation to other ambient sound.
Tutorial—Glossary ❒ Directional Microphone A microphone which primarily picks up sound from only one general direction is a “directional” microphone. This can be handy in maximizing separation in the studio (and in reducing feedback on stage), because you can simply aim the microphone away from sources of sound you don’t want to pick up. ❒ Cardioid Pattern This refers to a widely-used type of response pattern for directional microphones.
So Fine Written and arranged by Karl Christmas Engineered and produced by Darren Allison Vocals: Rusharn Simpson Vocals, backing vocals, guitars and keyboards: Karl Christmas Backing vocals: Billie Godfrey Bass: Finn Day-Lewis Drums: Andrew Small Recorded at Protocol Studios and Darren’s Studios, London. Mixed at Transmedia Services Ltd, Bedford, UK. Special thanks to Dreamhire, John Henry’s Hire, HHB Communications and Digital Village for their support.
YAMAHA CORPORATION V678610 R0 1 IP 36 00 08 7000 AP Printed in Japan Pro Audio & Digital Musical Instrument Division P.O.