User’s Manual AQ7270 Series OTDR IM 735020-01E 7th Edition
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Foreword Thank you for purchasing the AQ7270 Series (AQ7270/AQ7275) OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer). This user’s manual contains useful information about the instrument’s functions and operating procedures and the handling precautions of the AQ7270 Series OTDR. To ensure correct use, please read this manual thoroughly before beginning operation. After reading the manual, keep it in a convenient location for quick reference whenever a question arises during operation.
Checking the Contents of the Package Unpack the box and check the contents before operating the instrument. If some of the contents are not correct or missing or if there is physical damage, contact the dealer from which you purchased them.
Checking the Contents of the Package AQ7270/AQ7275 MODEL Suffix Code Description Optical connector -SCC -FCC -ASC -NON -USC -UFC SC connector (fixed) FC Connector (fixed) Angled PC SC Connector *1 No universal adapter SC universal adapter FC universal adapter Language English Chinese/English Korean/English Russian/English Power cord Options -HE -HC -HK -HR -D -F -R -Q -H -P /PM /SLS /LS /VLS /PL /DF /SB /DR /PN UL/CSA standard VDE standard AS standard BS standard GB standard EK standard Max.
Checking the Contents of the Package Standard Accessories The standard accessories below are supplied with the instrument.
Safety Precautions To use the instrument safely and effectively, be sure to observe the precautions given in the user’s manual. The following symbols are used on this instrument. Warning: handle with care. Refer to the user’s manual or service manual. This symbol appears on dangerous locations on the instrument which require special instructions for proper handling or use. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the manual to identify those instructions.
Safety Precautions Make sure to comply with the precautions below. Not complying might result in injury or death, or damage to the instrument. WARNING Use the Correct Power Supply Before connecting the power cord, ensure that the source voltage matches the rated supply voltage of the AC adapter and that it is within the maximum rated voltage of the provided power cord. Use the Correct Power Cord Use only the power cord that comes with the instrument. Do not use it for other devices.
Safety Precautions CAUTION When Measuring with the Same Wavelength as the Communication Light Most instrument models use the same wavelength for measurement as is used for communication. If communication light is present in an optical fiber being measured, this has an affect on the communication itself. Take sufficient precautions to avoid interruption of communications.
Safety Precautions Safety Precautions for Laser Products This instrument uses a laser light source. This instrument is a Class 1M laser product as defined by IEC60825-1 Safety of Laser Products-Part 1: Equipment Classification, Requirements and User’s Guide. In addition, the AQ7270/AQ7275 complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 except for the items that deviate from the standard as a result of complying with Laser Notice No.50 dated on June 24, 2007.
Safety Precautions MODEL Class Center Wavelength Output Power 735029 1M 850/1300 nm PULSE: PULSE width: 735030 1M 850/1300 nm PULSE: PULSE width: 1310/1550 nm 735031 1M 1650 nm 735032 3R 1M 650 nm 1310/1550 nm 735033 3R 1M 650 nm 1310/1550 nm 735034 3R 1M 650 nm 1310/1550 nm 735035 3R 1M 650 nm 1310/1490/1550 nm 735036 3R 1M 650 nm 1310/1550/1625 nm 735037 1M 1310/1550/1650 nm 735038 1M 1310/1550/1625 nm 735040 3R 1M 650 nm 850/1300 nm 1310/1550 nm 735041 1M 850/13
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Directive 2002/96/EC (This directive is only valid in the EU.) This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking requirement. This marking indicates that you must not discard this electrical/ electronic product in domestic household waste.
Symbols and Notation Used in This Manual Safety Markings The following markings are used in this manual. Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must refer to the users manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the user’ s manual to identify those instructions. In the manual, the symbol is used in conjunction with the word “WARNING” or “CAUTION.
Contents Checking the Contents of the Package............................................................................................. ii Safety Precautions ............................................................................................................................v Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment ......................................................................................x Symbols and Notation Used in This Manual ......................................................
Contents Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 1 Executing the Optical Pulse Measurement (Acquiring Waveforms) 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Realtime Measurement .................................................................................................... 7-1 Averaging Measurement .................................................................................................. 7-5 Displaying the Measurement Conditions ..........................................................................
Contents Chapter 15 Light Source Operation (Option) 15.1 15.2 Light and Stabilized Light Source ................................................................................... 15-1 Visible Light Source ........................................................................................................ 15-3 Chapter 16 Checking Fiber End Faces 16.1 Using Fiber Inspection Probes to View the Status of Optional Fiber End Faces. .......... 16-1 Chapter 17 Multi Core Trace Comparison 17.1 17.2 17.
Contents Appendix Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Terminology ........................................................................................................ App-1 Key Assignments for the USB104 Keyboard...................................................... App-6 Example of file input/output ................................................................................
Chapter 1 1.
1.2 Rear Panel 1 Number Name Function 1 Tilts the instrument. Stand Note • • • • 1-2 The /PL option does not come with a stand. Do not use the stand as a handle to carry the AQ7270/AQ7275. Use the stand only to tilt the AQ7270/AQ7275. If you are tilting the AQ7270/AQ7275, check that the stand is fixed in place.
1.3 1 Side Panel Names and Functions of Parts 2 Top View 3 /PL Option 8 7 5 6 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 3 2 10 4 Number Name Function 1 2 3 DC power connector Optical connector USB 1.1 connector (Type A) 4 5 6 7 8 USB 1.1 connector (Type B) Internal printer Printer paper feed button Ethernet connector Battery pack storage Connects the AC adapter. Connects the optical fiber cable. *1 Connects a USB memory, USB printer, the USB104 keyboard etc. Used for remote control, storage, etc.
1.3 Side Panel Right View 3 /PL option 2 1 4 1-4 Number Name Function 1 2 3 4 Stores the paper. Fixes the printer cover in place. Attaches the shoulder belt. Attaches the hand belt.
1.4 1 Display Names and Functions of Parts 2 Top Menu 3 2 1 4 5 6 5 7 8 9 3 4 6 10 7 11 12 13 5 14 15 16 17 9 8 Number Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Optical pulse measurement (OTDR) screen. Optical power monitor screen (/PM option). Light source screen (/LS /SLS option). Visible Light source screen (/VLS option). Displays the soft key menu. One-button measurement screen. multicore fiber measurement (main view display) screen. Displays the fiber inspection probe screen.
1.4 Display Note Displays a shaded area when the option is not installed (firmware version 3.01 or later).
1.4 Display Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 21 1 22 19 18 16 15 17 14 Names and Functions of Parts 20 2 1 2 3 4 3 5 13 4 6 5 7 6 8 12 7 9 11 10 8 10 9 Number Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 IM 735020-01E Displays the value per scale mark on the vertical axis. Shows the display start level of the vertical axis (top edge of the waveform display area) Waveform display area Displays the value per scale mark on the horizontal axis.
1.4 Display Optical Power Monitor(/PM option) 1 2 3 4 Number Function 1 2 3 4 Displays numerically the optical input power value. Displays a graph of the optical input power value. Measurement condition display area Soft key menu Light Source(/LS, /SLS option) 1 2 3 Number Function 1 2 3 1-8 Displays the wavelength value.
1.4 Display 1 Visible Light source (/VLS option) Names and Functions of Parts 2 1 3 4 5 2 6 7 8 9 10 Number Function 1 2 Displays the wavelength value. Soft key menu 11 12 One-Button Measurement 1 13 14 2 15 16 17 18 Number Function 1 2 Displays the contents of the macro that is being defined (used to enter the macro while viewing the contents).
1.4 Display Fiber Inspection Probe 1 2 Number Function 1 2 Displays the fiber inspection probe screen. Soft key menu Multi Core Trace Comparison (Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) 1 2 3 4 Number Function 1 2 3 4 1-10 Displays the number of the core of the optical fiber cable under measurement. Displays the soft key menu. Displays the information of the cell that the cursor is at. Displays the waveform before work and the waveform after work at the same time.
Chapter 2 2.1 Measurement Overview 1 Measurement Configuration 2 The AQ7270/AQ7275 is an optical time domain reflectometer that measures optical fiber lengths and losses and identifies failure locations. It is mainly used in the optical fiber installation and maintenance servicing of access networks (communications links between telephone exchanges and telephone poles) and user networks (communications links between user sites and telephone poles).
2.1 Measurement Configuration Configuration of Peripheral Devices AC adapter Ethernet connector (remote control) PC Optical connector PORT2 (wavelength *1: 650 nm, 850 nm, 1300 nm, and 1650 nm) DUT Optical connector PORT1 (wavelength *2: 1310 nm, 1490 nm, 1550 nm, and 1625 nm) DUT USB connector USB memory USB printer USB104 keyboard PC USB connector (remote control and storage) *1 The 735021 and 735031 output 1650 nm from PORT1. The 735029 outputs 850 nm and 1300 nm from PORT1.
2.1 Measurement Configuration 1 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Configuration Install the battery pack and connect the optical fiber cable under measurement. Measurement Overview Optical pulse output Battery pack 2 Optical fiber cable under measurement 3 4 Reflection point 5 Return ray due to reflection 6 7 * Do not bend the optical fiber cable. There are two optical connectors on the top panel of the AQ7270/AQ7275.
2.2 Measurement Procedure Flow of Operation The figure below is provided to familiarize the first-time user with the general flow of the AQ7270/AQ7275 operation. For details on each item, see the relevant section or chapter. Measurement Preparation Connect the power supply and turn it ON/OFF Section 3.1 Connect the optical fiber cables Section 3.2 Set the date and time Section 3.3 Load the printer paper Section 3.4 One-Button Measurement Select a macro and execute Section 9.
2.2 Measurement Procedure 1 One-Button Measurement <> 2 Measurement Overview If you enter the settings such as the optical pulse measurement conditions, waveform acquisition mode, and data format for storage in advance, you can carry out the measurement and storage through a single-step operation.
2.2 Measurement Procedure Multi Core Trace Comparison (Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) <> When installed fibers are moved because of road work or other external factors, you can efficiently perform measurements by using this function. The following three measurement methods are available, each of which checks the quality of the optical pulse measurement waveform after work.
2.2 Measurement Procedure 1 Visual Check Using a Waveform of One Fiber within the Same Tape as the Reference 2 Configure the core information Configure settings such as the number of cores and how to assign numbers. Section 17.2 Set the measurement conditions Set conditions such as the wavelength and the distance range. Section 17.3 Set the analysis conditions Set conditions such as the group refraction index and the reference waveform (tapes a to j). Section 17.
2.2 Measurement Procedure Automatic pass/fail judgment using pass/fail markers Measurement Preparation Configure the core information Configure settings such as the number of cores and how to assign numbers. Section 17.2 Set the measurement conditions Set conditions such as the wavelength and the distance range. Section 17.3 Configure the pass/fail markers Position markers above the events (2 markers, 4 markers, or 5 markers method), set the threshold levels, and configure other settings. Section 17.
2.
2.3 Viewing the Optical Pulse Measurement Waveform Splice Loss due to Fusion Because the unevenness in the density or constituents of the materials in the fused section becomes large, the loss due to Rayleigh Scattering increases, and a splice loss occurs. Reflection due to Connector Connection Unlike the fused section, a slight gap occurs in the connection section of connectors. Because the group refraction index changes in this gap, a reflection occurs causing a loss.
2.4 1 Distance Measurement 2 The AQ7270/AQ7275 calculates the distance (L) by measuring the time until the transmitted light pulse returns and using the equation indicated below. L = C×T/(2N) [m] C: The speed of light travelling through a vacuum. T: The time from when the pulse is transmitted until the light returns. N: Group refraction index The reason why the equation divides by 2 is because the round-trip time of the optical pulse is measured.
2.4 Distance Measurement Selectable Pulse Widths for the Distance Measurement The pulse width has the following characteristics. Short pulse width: Allows events (reflection point and loss) that are close together to be measured separately. However, long distance cannot be measured. Long pulse width: Long distance can be measured. However, multiple events that are close together may appear as a single event.
2.4 Distance Measurement 1 Circumventing the Near-End Dead Zone Using a Dummy Fiber Dummy fiber Optical fiber cable under measurement 2 Measurement Overview Losses and reflections of the connection points cannot be detected in the section in which a near-end reflection is detected. When measuring a short distance, connect the dummy fiber to move the events that are hidden behind the near-end reflection by the length of the dummy fiber.
Chapter 3 3.1 Measurement Preparation 1 Connecting the Power Supply 2 Using the AC Adapter 3 Measurement Preparation WARNING 4 Make sure that you observe the following points before connecting the AC adapter. Failure to do so may cause electric shock or damage to the instrument. • Check that the AQ7270/AQ7275 is turned OFF before connecting the AC adapter. • Use only the power cord supplied by YOKOGAWA for the instrument.
3.1 Connecting the Power Supply 1. Connect the power cord to the AC adapter. 2. Connect the AC adapter plug to the instrument. 3. Connect the power plug to the outlet. Note If the DC power connector cover comes off, bend the axis section of the cover and attach it. Turning the Power ON 4. Press the power switch on the front panel of the instrument. The POWER lamp illuminates.
3.1 Connecting the Power Supply 1 Using the Battery Pack 2 WARNING • Do not remove or insert the battery pack while being charged with the AC adapter. • To prevent problems with the battery pack, periodically check the physical appearance for cracks, deformation, and leaks. • Charge the battery pack using the instrument. Be sure to observe the environmental conditions when charging the battery pack. Otherwise, leaks, overheating, smoke, explosion, or fire may occur. 3 Measurement Preparation 4 5 6 1.
3.1 Connecting the Power Supply Explanation Charging Conditions of the Battery Pack There are four charging operations • Preliminary Charging This function is designed to reactivate a battery pack that is overly discharged or deactivated due to temperatures lower than the specifications’ allowable range (when engaged, the CHARGE lamp blinks green). If the battery pack is overly discharged, the preliminary charge can take two hours or more.
3.2 1 Connecting the Optical Fiber Cable 2 Cleaning the Connector End Face of the Optical Fiber Cable 1. Press the connector end face of the optical fiber cable firmly against the cleaning surface of the cleaner. 2. Turn the cable around once with the end face pressed against the cleaner. 3 Measurement Preparation Clean the connector end face of the optical fiber cable under measurement before connecting it to the AQ7270/AQ7275.
3.2 Connecting the Optical Fiber Cable Optical pulse output indicator Note • The connector to which the cable is to be connected varies depending on the wavelength. Connect the cable to the connector that is indicated by the red indicator at the top of the AQ7270/AQ7275 display. • Power monitor measurement uses only PORT1. CAUTION When connecting the optical fiber cable connector, insert it vertically and slowly into the optical connector.
3.3 1 Setting the Date and Time 2 Selecting the Detail Mode 3 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. Soft keys for the Detail mode appear. Measurement Preparation 2. Press SETUP. Soft keys for the settings appear. 4 5 5. Press the System Setup soft key. The system setup screen appears.
3.3 Setting the Date and Time Selecting the Date and Time 6. Move the cursor using the arrow keys or the rotary knob to highlight Date&Time Set. 7. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the date and time appears. 8. Move the cursor to the item you want to set using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the value appears. 10. Turn the rotary knob to set the date or time value. 11. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the value closes. 12.
3.4 1 Loading the Printer Roll Paper (Option) 2 3 Printer paper feed button Measurement Preparation 4 5 6 Printer cover 7 8 9 Lock lever 10 11 1. Push the lock lever toward the arrow and remove the printer cover. 12 13 14 15 Push the lock toward the arrow and slide the cover Pick up the cover and remove it 2. Load the printer roll paper. See the figure below for the orientation of the roll 17 paper. 3. Attach the printer cover.
3.5 Connecting the USB Interface Connecting a USB Printer, USB Memory or USB104 keyboard 1. Open the top cover. 2. Connect a USB cable to the Type A connector. Note • • A single USB printer can be connected. Multiple printers will not be detected. You can operate the panel keys by using the USB104 keyboard. See appendix 2 for the correspondence between panel keys and USB keyboard entry keys. Connecting a USB Cable to Remotely Control the AQ7270/AQ7275 or Accessing the Internal Memory 1.
3.6 1 Connecting the Ethernet Interface (Option) 2 You can control the AQ7270/AQ7275 via the Ethernet interface. 3 Connect a UTP (Unshielded Twisted-Pair) cable or an STP (Shielded Twisted-Pair) cable that is connected to a hub, for example, to the AQ7270/AQ7275 connector. Measurement Preparation Connection Procedure 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Note • • • • Be sure to use a straight cable via a hub to connect the AQ7270/AQ7275 to the PC. If you are using a UTP cable (straight), use a cable of category 5.
3.7 Attaching the Belt A hand belt is supplied as a standard accessory. On models with the /SB option, a shoulder belt is also included. This section explains how to attach the belt. CAUTION Pass the belt through the buckle and fasten it firmly according to the procedure in this section. If the belt is loose or the belt is passed through only one of the holes in the buckle, the belt may slip off and the instrument may fall.
Chapter 4 4.1 Setting the Optical Pulse Measurement Conditions (Simple Full Auto Mode) 1 Selecting the Test Wavelength 2 Procedure 3 Select the Simple Setup Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 4. Press the Simple (Full auto) soft key. The Simple (Full Auto) setup screen appears. Setting the Optical Pulse Measurement Conditions (Simple Full Auto Mode (Set Only the Wavelength)) 3.
4.1 Selecting the Test Wavelength Explanation The following measurement conditions are automatically detected. • Distance range • Pulse width • Event detection • Measurement result file storage The list below contains the measurement conditions for the Simple (Full Auto) mode. You can view the following information in the measurement setup information. For details, see section 7.3.
4.2 1 Selecting the Approximation Method 2 Procedure Parameters such as the splice loss and return loss are calculated using linear approximation. There are two linear approximation methods: least square and two point. Select the Simple Setup Mode 4 Setting the Optical Pulse Measurement Conditions (Simple Full Auto Mode (Set Only the Wavelength)) 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 3 5 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3.
4.3 Setting Other Items Procedure This section describes system settings such as the save destination of the measured result, language setting, and date/time setting in addition to the measurement condition settings. Select the Simple Setup Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Simple (Full auto) soft key.
4.3 Setting Other Items 1 Selecting the Language and Setting the Date and Time • Selecting the Language 2 5. Press the System Setup soft key. The system setup screen appears. 6. Move the cursor using the arrow keys or the rotary knob to highlight Language. 7. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the language appears. 8. Move the cursor to the language you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob.
4.3 Setting Other Items Explanation Auto Save The AQ7270/AQ7275 creates folders indicating the date and time in the selected drive and automatically saves the measurement result files. File type SOR File name format File name format specified in the File menu.
Chapter 5 5.1 Setting the Optical Pulse Measurement Conditions (Measurement Wizard Mode) 1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Measurement Wizard Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Measurement Wizard soft key.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Wavelength 6. Move the cursor to Wavelength using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 8. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 9. Move the cursor to the wavelength you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 10. Press ENTER. The wavelength is confirmed. Note • • • The selectable test wavelengths vary depending on the model.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Pulse Width 16. Move the cursor to Pulse Width using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 17. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the pulse width appears. 18. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the pulse width appears. 19. Move the cursor to the pulse width you want to select using the arrow keys or the 3 20. Press ENTER. The pulse width is confirmed. 4 rotary knob.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Setting the Attenuation 26. Move the cursor to Attenuation using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 27. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the attenuation appears. 28. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the attenuation appears. 29. Move the cursor to the attenuation value you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 30. Press ENTER. The attenuation is confirmed. Note • • For a detailed explanation, see section 6.1.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Averaging Unit 36. Move the cursor to Avg Unit using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 37. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the averaging unit appears. 38. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the averaging unit appears. 39. Move the cursor to the averaging unit you want to select using the arrow keys or 3 40. Press ENTER. The averaging unit is confirmed. 4 the rotary knob.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Averaging Duration or Count 41. Move the cursor to Avg Duration/Times using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 42. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the averaging duration or count appears. 43. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the averaging duration or count appears. 44. Move the cursor to the averaging duration or count you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 45. Press ENTER.
5.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Plug Check Mode 46. Move the cursor to Plug Check using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 47. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the plug check mode appears. 48. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the plug check mode appears. 49. Move the cursor to the plug check mode you want to select using the arrow keys 3 50. Press ENTER. The plug check mode is confirmed. 4 or the rotary knob.
5.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions Procedure Selecting the Measurement Wizard Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Measurement Wizard soft key. A soft key menu for the measurement setup (wizard) appears. Setting the Analysis Conditions 5. Press the Analysis Setup soft key.
5.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions 1 • Setting the Group Refraction Index 6. Move the cursor to IOR using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 7. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the group refraction index appears. 8. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the group refraction index appears. 3 9. Turn the rotary knob to set the group refraction index. 10. Press ENTER. The group refraction index is confirmed.
5.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions • Selecting the Marker Approximation Method 16. Move the cursor to Approx.Method (Marker) using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 17. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the marker approximation method appears. 18. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the marker approximation method appears. 19. Move the cursor to marker approximation method you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 20. Press ENTER.
5.3 Setting the Detection Conditions of Reflection and Loss Waveforms Procedure 1 2 3 Selecting the Measurement Wizard Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Measurement Wizard soft key.
5.3 Setting the Detection Conditions of Reflection and Loss Waveforms • Selecting the Event Detection Method 6. Move the cursor to Event Search using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the event detection method appears. 8. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the event detection method appears. 9. Move the cursor to the event detection method you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 10. Press ENTER. The event detection method is confirmed.
5.3 Setting the Detection Conditions of Reflection and Loss Waveforms 1 • Setting the Threshold Level of the Splice Loss Detection Level 16. Move the cursor to Splice Loss using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 17. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the splice loss appears. 18. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the splice loss appears. 3 19. Turn the rotary knob to set the splice loss value. 20. Press ENTER. The splice loss is confirmed.
5.3 Setting the Detection Conditions of Reflection and Loss Waveforms • Setting the Threshold Level of the End of the Fiber (Fresnel Reflection) 26. Move the cursor to End of Fiber using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 27. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the end-of-fiber value appears. 28. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the end-of-fiber value appears. 29. Turn the rotary knob to set the end-of-fiber value. 30. Press ENTER. The end-of-fiber value is confirmed.
5.3 Setting the Detection Conditions of Reflection and Loss Waveforms 1 • Setting the Threshold Level of the Splice Loss Detection Level of the Fault Event 2 36. Move the cursor to Splice Loss using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 37. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the splice loss appears. 3 38. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the splice loss appears. 39. Turn the rotary knob to set the splice loss value. 4 40. Press ENTER. The splice loss is confirmed.
5.4 Setting the File Procedure Selecting the Measurement Wizard Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Measurement Wizard soft key. A soft key menu for the measurement setup (wizard) appears. Setting the Storage Conditions of Measurement Results 5. Press the File Setup soft key.
5.4 Setting the File 1 • Selecting the Auto Save Mode 6. Move the cursor to Auto Save using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 7. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the auto save mode appears. 8. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the auto save mode appears. 9. Move the cursor to ON or OFF using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 10. Press ENTER. The auto save mode is confirmed.
5.4 Setting the File • Selecting the Save Destination Folder 16. Move the cursor to Dest. Folder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 17. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the save destination folder appears. 18. Press ENTER. The File List screen for selecting the save destination folder appears. 19. Move the cursor to the save destination folder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 20. Press ENTER. The contents in the save destination folder are displayed. 21. Press ESC.
5.4 Setting the File 1 • Selecting the File Name Type 27. Move the cursor to Name Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 28. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the file name type appears. 29. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the file name type appears. 30. Move the cursor to file name type you want to select using the arrow keys or the 3 31. Press ENTER. The file name type is confirmed. 4 rotary knob.
5.4 Setting the File • Setting the ID Number for the Tape Fiber and the Like 37. Move the cursor to Tape ID using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 38. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the tape ID appears. 39. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the tape ID appears. 40. Move the cursor to tape ID you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 41. Press ENTER. The tape ID is confirmed. Note You cannot select this item if the auto save mode is turned OFF.
Chapter 6 6.1 Setting the Optical Pulse Measurement Conditions (Detail Mode (Manually Setting All Items)) 1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Wavelength 6. Move the cursor to wavelength using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 8. Move the cursor to the wavelength you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The wavelength is confirmed. Note • • • The selectable test wavelengths vary depending on the model. For details, see section 21.1.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Pulse Width 14. Move the cursor to Pulse Width using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 15. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the pulse width appears. 16. Move the cursor to the pulse width you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 17. Press ENTER. The pulse width is confirmed.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Sampling Interval 22. Move the cursor to Sample Interval using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 23. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the sampling interval appears. 24. Move the cursor to the sampling interval you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 25. Press ENTER. The sampling interval is confirmed. • Selecting the Averaging Method 26. Move the cursor to Avg Method using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 27. Press ENTER.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Averaging Count or Duration 32. Move the cursor to Avg Duration/Times using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 33. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the averaging duration or count appears. 34. Move the cursor to the averaging duration or count you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 35. Press ENTER. The averaging duration or count is confirmed.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions Note If you set the auto save mode to ON, be sure to set the save destination folder before starting the measurement, because the measured data is saved automatically after the averaging measurement. • Enabling or Disabling the Auto Save Function 38. Move the cursor to Auto Save using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 39. Press ENTER. The File Setup screen appears.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Save Destination Media Type 41. Move the cursor to Drive using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 42. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the save destination drive appears. 43. Move the cursor to the save destination drive you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 44. Press ENTER. The save destination drive is confirmed. 3 4 5 Note 6 You cannot select this item if the auto save mode is turned OFF.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the File Type 50. Move the cursor to File Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 51. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 52. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 53. Press ENTER. The file type is confirmed. Note You cannot select this item if the auto save mode is turned OFF. • Selecting the File Name Type 54.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 • Setting the ID Number for the Tape Fiber and the Like 62. Move the cursor to Tape ID using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 63. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the tape ID appears. 64. Move the cursor to tape ID you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 65. Press ENTER. The tape ID is confirmed.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Averaging Measurement Continue 75. Move the cursor to Additional Avg using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 76. Press ENTER. The cursor moves to ON or OFF by Additional Avg. Note You cannot select averaging measurement continue if the distance range is set to auto, if the plug check is turned ON, or if the fiber-in-use alarm is turned ON. • Initializing the Measurement Conditions 77.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 Explanation Selecting the Wavelength The optical pulse output port changes depending on the specified wavelength. Check the optical pulse output port indicator on the AQ7270/AQ7275, and connect the optical fiber cable to the output port. Optical pulse output indicator 3 4 5 Selecting the Distance Range Set the distance range to match the cable length. The selectable distance range varies depending on the wavelength.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions Selecting the Attenuation If a large reflection occurs at a connection point of the optical connector or at the point where the optical fiber cable is broken, the waveform may saturate. Attenuation is used to prevent saturation. The selectable attenuation values vary depending on the pulse width. See the table below. Pulse Width Selectable Attenuation Values 3 ns to 50 ns 100 ns to 1 ms 0 dB, 2.50 dB, 5.00 dB, 7.50 dB, 10.00 dB, 12.50 dB, 15.00 dB 0 dB, 2.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 Selecting the Averaging Method High Speed The high speed mode is used to measure all sections using the specified attenuation. If the attenuation is not appropriate and a large reflection occurs, the corresponding section of waveform may saturate. The waveform may saturate if the reflection is large.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions Automatic Storage of Measured Results The measured data acquired after the averaging measurement can be saved automatically to a specified destination folder. OFF: Does not save the measured data after the averaging measurement. ON: Automatically saves the measured data after the averaging measurement. Selecting the Plug Check Mode The plug check function verifies the connection between the AQ7270/AQ7275 and the optical fiber cable.
6.1 Setting the Measurement Conditions 1 Screen during Execution of Scheduling Function When the Scheduling function measurement start time is reached, the measurement screen appears as follows. 2 Name of currently saved file 3 Measurement end time 4 5 The time until the next measurement starts (firmware versions 3.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions Procedure Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. Setting the Analysis Conditions 5. Press the Analysis Setup soft key. The Analysis Setup screen appears.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions 1 • Setting the Group Refraction Index 6. Move the cursor to IOR using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 7. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the group refraction index appears. 8. Set the group refraction index value using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The group refraction index is confirmed. 3 Note 4 • • • The AQ7270/AQ7275 measures the distance using the group refraction index.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions • Setting the Threshold Level of the Return Loss Detection Level 22. Move the cursor to Return Loss using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 23. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the return loss appears. 24. Set the return loss using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 25. Press ENTER. The return loss is confirmed. • Setting the Threshold Level of the End of the Fiber (Fresnel Reflection) 26. Move the cursor to End of Fiber using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 27.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions 1 Explanation Setting the Group Refraction Index The following group refraction indexes are assigned according to the wavelength on the AQ7270/AQ7275. 850 nm: 1.46000 1300 nm: 1.46000 1310 nm: 1.46000 1490 nm: 1.46000 1550 nm: 1.46000 1625 nm: 1.46000 1650 nm: 1.46000 2 3 4 5 6 The selectable range is 1.30000 to 1.79999. A phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering occurs in the light that traverse through an optical fiber cable.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions Approximation Method A line is assumed when calculating the splice loss. This line is the approximation line. The following two types of linear approximations are available. • Least squares approximation (LSA) • Two point approximation (TPA) LSA The loss between two points (between 1 and 2 in the figure below) is calculated using the least squares method. This method has the following characteristics.
6.2 Setting the Analysis Conditions 1 Event Detection Conditions Splice Loss If a splice loss that is greater than or equal to the specified threshold level occurs, it is detected as an event. The selectable range is 0.01 dB to 9.99 dB. Return Loss If a return loss that is less than or equal to the specified threshold level occurs, it is detected as an event.
6.3 Setting the Multi Wavelength Measurement Conditions Procedure Selecting the Multi Wavelength Measurement Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Multi WL soft key. A soft key menu for the multi wavelength measurement appears. Setting the Measurement Conditions 5. Press the Meas Setup soft key.
6.3 Setting the Multi Wavelength Measurement Conditions 1 • Selecting the Wavelength 6. Move the cursor to any wavelength between Wavelength 1 and Wavelength 3 using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 2 8. Move the cursor to the wavelength you want to select using the arrow keys or the 3 9. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength closes. 4 rotary knob. 10. Repeat steps 6 to 9 to set the wavelengths to be measured.
6.3 Setting the Multi Wavelength Measurement Conditions Explanation Waveform display after measurement stop Waveforms are displayed in different colors: not only the waveforms currently under test, but also ones finished being measured. The number of wavelengths that can be measured and waveforms that can be displayed differs depending on the model (up to 3 waveforms). Switching the reference waveform Only the reference waveform can be analyzed using markers and cursors.
6.4 1 Setting the Multi Wavelength Analysis Conditions 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Multi Wavelength Measurement Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Multi WL soft key. A soft key menu for the multi wavelength measurement appears. 5 6 5. Press the Analysis Setup soft key.
6.4 Setting the Multi Wavelength Analysis Conditions • Selecting the Macro Bending (Bending Loss) Display (Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) 6. Move the cursor to Display next to Macro Bending using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The cursor moves to the ON or OFF setting for Display next to Macro Bending. • Setting the Macro Bending Threshold Level (Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) 8. Move the cursor to Threshold next to Macro Bending using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9.
6.4 Setting the Multi Wavelength Analysis Conditions 1 Explanation Macro Bending (Bending Loss; Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) On the AQ7270/AQ7275, when an optical pulse measurement is performed in multi wavelength measurement mode, you can compare the difference between the splice losses at wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm and display on the screen bending loss events that are caused by bends in the fiber.
Chapter 7 7.1 Executing the Optical Pulse Measurement (Acquiring Waveforms) 1 Realtime Measurement 2 Procedure In realtime measurement, measurement is performed using the averaging count specified in advance. Because you can change the conditions while the measurement is in progress, you can view the waveform changes in realtime.
7.1 Realtime Measurement Changing the Measurement Conditions • Selecting the Wavelength 3. Press the Wavelength soft key. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 4. Move the cursor to the wavelength you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 5. Press ENTER. The wavelength is confirmed. • Select the Distance Range 6. Press the Distance Range soft key. A screen for selecting the distance range appears. 7.
7.1 Realtime Measurement 1 Use the Cursor • Displaying the Cursor 2 3. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. • Selecting the Cursor Movement Interval You can select whether to move the cursor at fine or coarse intervals. 3 3. Press the Meas. Range Change soft key. A soft key menu for the measurement range appears. 4. Press the CursorOperate soft key. The cursor moves to Coarse or Fine. 4 5 • Deleting the Cursor 3. Press the Marker soft key.
7.1 Realtime Measurement Explanation Realtime Measurement Measurement conditions are set before the actual measurement takes place, but during real-time measurement you can change the measurement conditions and adjust markers and the cursor. When you stop the measurement, the AQ7270/7275 returns to the previous screen. • In Simple (Full-Auto) mode, you can only change the wavelength. • You cannot change the attenuation if the averaging mode is set to Hi-Reflection. For details, see section 6.1.
7.2 1 Averaging Measurement 2 Procedure In averaging measurement, the AQ7270/AQ7275 acquires the data for each pulse, takes an average of the data acquired for each pulse, and displays the result. The averaging measurement improves the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio). It is useful when detecting minute events that are buried in the noise.
7.2 Averaging Measurement Use the Cursor • Displaying the Cursor 3. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. • Deleting the Cursor 3. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 4. Press the More soft key. The auxiliary function soft key menu appears. 5. Press the Delete Cursor soft key. The cursor on the screen disappears. 6. Press ESC to return to the soft key menu for the marker. 7. Press ESC to return to the realtime measurement display.
7.3 1 Displaying the Measurement Conditions 2 Procedure If you set the measurement conditions to auto, the settings are determined at the time of measurement. This function is used to view the settings. The values set manually are also displayed. 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press the Meas. Setup Info soft key. The measurement condition list and a soft key menu for the measurement setup information are displayed.
7.4 High Resolution Measurement of the Selected Location Procedure You can limit the location for making measurements in high resolution. 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. High Resolution Measurement in Realtime 2. Press REALTIME. The words LASER ON and the measured waveform are indicated on the screen, and the measurement starts. In addition, a soft key menu for the realtime measurement appears. 3. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 4. Press the Meas.
7.4 High Resolution Measurement of the Selected Location 1 Selecting the Sampling Interval 7. Press the Sampling Interval soft key. A screen for selecting the sampling interval appears. 2 3 4 5 6 8. Move the cursor to the sampling interval you want to select using the arrow keys 9. Press ENTER. The sampling interval is confirmed, and the waveform in a limited range according to the sampling interval is displayed around the cursor position. Moving the Measurement Range 10. Press the Meas.
7.4 High Resolution Measurement of the Selected Location Explanation In normal measurement, the interval is set so that the data is sampled over the entire distance according to the specified distance range. The maximum number of data samples is 50000 on the AQ7270/AQ7275. The number of sampling data points is 128000 only when the distance range is set to 512 km and the sampling interval is set to 4 m (firmware versions 3.01 and later).
7.5 1 Measuring Multicore Fiber 2 Procedure Specialized screens and menus for multicore fiber measurements appear, enabling you to efficiently measure multicore fibers without data loss. 3 4 WARNING 5 Do not remove the optical fiber cable, because light is emitted from the optical pulse output port of the AQ7270/AQ7275 while the measurement is in progress. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Project Settings • Entering a Project Name 3. Press the New Project soft key. The project setting screen is displayed. 4. Move the cursor to Project Name using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 5. Press ENTER. The character entry screen is displayed. For information on entering characters, see section 18.6, “Entering Characters.” • Specifying a Project Save Destination 6. Move the cursor to Drive using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 1 Specifying the Cores to be Measured Enter a range of multicore fiber numbers using the measurement start number and number of cores to be measured. 2 • Measurement start number setting 15. Continuing on from step 14, move the cursor to Start NO. using the arrow keys 3 16. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the start number appears. 4 or rotary knob. 17. Turn the arrow keys or rotary knob to set the start number. 18. Press ENTER. The start number is confirmed.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Setting the Measurement wavelengths Specify at which wavelength to measure the fiber under test. The specified wavelength is used for measurement of all cores. If two wavelengths (such as 1310 nm, 1550 nm) are selected, each core can be measured at each of the two wavelengths (multiwavelength measurement). 30. Continuing on from step 27, move the cursor to wavelength 1 using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 31. Press ENTER.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Setting Measurement Conditions You can set the distance range, pulse width, attenuation, sampling interval, and other parameters. 40. Continuing on from step 37, press the Next soft key. A screen for selecting detailed measurement conditions is displayed. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 When Entering Detailed Measurement Conditions Executing the Optical Pulse Measurement (Acquiring Waveforms) 41. Move the cursor to Yes using the arrow keys or rotary knob.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 43. Press the Next soft key. The analysis setting (multiwavelength) screen is displayed. Perform the procedure described in section 6.4, “Setting the Multi Wavelength Analysis Conditions.” 44. Press the Next soft key. The information list screen for the project to create appears. When Not Entering Detailed Measurement Conditions 45. Confirm that the cursor is on “No,” then press ENTER. The information list screen for the project to create appears.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 1 Confirming the Settings 45. Check the settings in the project information list screen. 2 46. To change the measurement conditions, press the Previous soft key. The instrument returns to the measurement conditions setting screen. 3 Example project information list screen 4 5 6 7 Executing the Optical Pulse Measurement (Acquiring Waveforms) 8 9 10 Finishing Creation of a Project 47. Press the Complete soft key.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Loading the Previous Project File 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. (when the visible light source option is installed) 2. Press the Multicore Fiber Meas soft key. The menu for multicore fiber measurement appears. 3. Press the Previous Project soft key. The main view screen of the most recently used project is displayed. Loading the Project File 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. (when the visible light source option is installed) 2. Press the Multicore Fiber Meas soft key.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Managing Multicore Fibers in the Main View The main view screen is where the contents of a project are listed. You can easily determine whether or not a core has been measured and saved by the presence or absence of a check mark with the cell number. Because the measurement wavelength of each core is shown, it is not necessary to open files to check the wavelength. It is also not necessary to rename files.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Note Automatic saving is not available for real time measurement. Be sure to save data manually after measurement. With multiwavelength measurement, only wavelength 1 is measured even if you select “All” for the measurement wavelength. You must switch wavelengths in order to measure wavelength 2 and subsequent wavelengths. Averaging Measurement 1. Move the cursor to the cell of the core number in the main view screen you wish to measure using the arrow keys or rotary knob.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 1 Setting Unmeasured Core Numbers This setting can be used if there are cores that must not be measured. 1. Move the cursor to the cell of the core number in the main view screen you wish 2 2. Press the Skip soft key. The cell display changes, and the core number 3 3. If you press the Skip soft key again, the setting is cleared, and the core number is 4 to not measure using the arrow keys or rotary knob. disappears. displayed.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Saving Measured Results Perform the following procedure in the project measurement condition settings if you selected OFF for Auto Save. 1. Press the FILE key. The file list is displayed. 2. Press the Save soft key. The measured results are saved. Multiwavelength Measurement 3. Press the ESC key (when event detection is set to Auto). The event soft key menu is displayed. 4. Press the ESC key. The waveform confirmation soft key menu is displayed. 5.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 1 Checking and Analyzing Waveforms 1. Move the cursor to the cell of the core number in the main view screen with the check mark using the arrow keys or rotary knob. The measurement conditions, measurement date/time, and measured result waveforms of the specified core number are displayed in the preview area at the bottom of the screen. 2. Press the Confirm Trace soft key. The waveform of the core number specified by the cursor is displayed. 2 3 4 3.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Displaying and Saving Project Information 1. Press the Project info soft key in the main view screen. The contents of the project are displayed. 2. Press the Screen Image Save soft key. The screen image is saved to the root folder of the internal memory with the file name MultiFiberProjectInfo.BMP.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber 1 Changing Project Settings You can change settings for the project as a whole or for individual cores. 2 Changing Global Project Settings 1. With the main view screen for Multicore Fiber Measurement displayed, press 3 2. Press the Setup Target soft key. 4 SETUP. 3. Press the Project soft key. 4. Using the arrow keys or the rotary knob, move the cursor to the item you wish 5 5. Perform the procedures described below in either 6.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber When Changing the Measurement Conditions 5. Press the Meas Setup soft key. 6. Perform the procedures described below in 6.1, “Setting the Measurement Conditions,” When Changing the Analysis Conditions 7. Press the Analysis Setup soft key. 8. Perform the procedures described below in 6.2, “Setting the Analysis Conditions.” Note Settings of core numbers that have already been measured cannot be changed. Delete the measured results before changing the settings.
7.5 Measuring Multicore Fiber Number of Cores per Unit You can select the number of columns of cells (8 cores or 10 cores) that are displayed on the main view screen.
7.6 Warm-up Measurement If the internal temperature of the instrument drops below 0 (outside of the operating temperature) when measurement is started, measurement automatically stops and the warm-up is executed. When the internal temperature falls within the operating temperature range, the warm-up finishes. If the Internal Temperature is 0 or Less When Measurement Starts Measurement cannot be performed. The following screen is displayed, and the warm-up begins.
Chapter 8 8.1 Zooming the Waveform 1 Zooming the Display 2 Procedure 3 1. Press SCALE. A soft key menu for the scale appears. 2. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the waveform you want to zoom. 4 3. Press the Zoom soft key. 4. Press the arrow keys. The waveform is zoomed around the cursor. 5 Check the zoom position of the waveform on the overview screen.
8.2 Moving the Waveform Procedure Scrolling the Screen 1. Press SCALE. A soft key menu for the scale appears. 2. Press the Shift soft key. 3. Press the arrow keys. The waveform moves. • Selecting the Cursor Movement Interval You can select whether to move the cursor at fine or coarse intervals. 4. Press the Cursor Operation soft key to select Coarse or Fine. The waveform display area (the section enclosed in a square) within the entire screen moves.
8.3 1 Initializing the Waveform Display 2 Procedure 3 1. Press SCALE. A soft key menu for the scale appears. 2. Press the Initialize soft key. The waveform display returns to the original size and position. 4 5 6 7 8 Zooming the Waveform 9 Note 10 In high resolution measurement, the scale within the limited range is initialized.
8.4 Auto Zoom the Waveform Display Procedure 1. Press SCALE. A soft key menu for the scale appears. 2. Press the Auto Zoom soft key. The waveform display is expanded at a given ratio. The waveform expands around the Cursol or Event position. Explanation Auto zoom expands the display in the following two ways. • Zoom around the cursol The display expands around the cursol in the waveform display screen.
Chapter 9 9.1 Macro Measurement Creating the Measurement Conditions (Defining the Macro Conditions) Procedure 1 2 3 Define the macro before performing one-button measurement. Displaying the Macro Definition Screen 4 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press the Macro soft key. The soft key menu for Macro 1 to 3 appears. 3. Press the soft key corresponding to the macro you want to create from Macro 1 to 3. The soft key menu for executing the macro appears.
9.1 Creating the Measurement Conditions (Defining the Macro Conditions) Creating the First Macro 5. Press the JOB No. soft key to move the cursor to 1. • Setting the Measurement Conditions 6. Press the Meas Setup soft key. The Meas Setup screen appears. 7. Move the cursor to Valid or Invalid using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 8. Press ENTER. The cursor moves to Valid or Invalid by Valid/Invalid. • Setting the Analysis Conditions 9. Press the Analysis Setup soft key.
9.2 1 Saving the Macro Measurement Results 2 Procedure Set the method for saving the waveforms measured by executing macros. A folder indicating the date and time is created automatically in the MACRO folder in the internal memory, and the waveforms are stored in the folder. Displaying the Macro Definition Screen 3 4 5 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press the Macro soft key. The soft key menu for Macro 1 to 3 appears. 3.
9,2 Saving the Macro Measurement Results • Selecting the Storage Data Type 6. Move the cursor to File Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the file type appears. 8. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 9. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 10. Press ENTER. The file type is confirmed.
9,2 Saving the Macro Measurement Results 1 • Selecting the File Name Type 11. Move the cursor to Name Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 12. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the file name type appears. 13. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the file name type appears. 14. Move the cursor to file name type you want to select using the arrow keys or the 3 15. Press ENTER. The file name type is confirmed. 4 rotary knob.
9,2 Saving the Macro Measurement Results • Setting the File ID Number 16. Move the cursor to ID No. using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 17. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for setting the ID number appears. 18. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the ID number appears. 19. Turn the rotary knob to set the ID number. 20. Press ENTER. The ID number is confirmed. Note The number is incremented each time a file is saved.
9,2 Saving the Macro Measurement Results 1 • Setting the ID Number for the Tape Fiber and the Like 21. Move the cursor to Tape ID using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 22. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for selecting the tape ID appears. 23. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the tape ID appears. 24. Move the cursor to tape ID you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary 3 25. Press ENTER. The tape ID is confirmed. 4 knob.
9,2 Saving the Macro Measurement Results • Attaching a Comment to the File Name 26. Move the cursor to Comment using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 27. Press ENTER. A wizard screen for entering the comment appears. 28. Press ENTER. The character input screen for entering the comment appears. 29. Enter the comment using the arrow keys, rotary knob and ENTER. 30. Press the OK soft key. The characters are confirmed. 31. Press ESC. The wizard screen for entering the comment closes. 32. Press ESC.
9.3 1 Loading the Measurement Conditions 2 Procedure 3 The settings can be reused to define macro conditions. You can reuse the settings by loading an existing measurement result. 4 Displaying the Macro Definition Screen 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 5 2. Press the Macro soft key. The soft key menu for Macro 1 to 3 appears. 3. Press the soft key corresponding to the macro you want to create from Macro 1 to 3.
9.3 Loading the Measurement Conditions Selecting the File Type 7. Press the File Type soft key. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 8. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The file type is confirmed. Note • • If the loaded file contains information of the marker, cursor, display scale, and distance reference, those items are also loaded. For details on the file types, see section 18.1. Selecting the Medium 10.
9.4 1 Executing the Macro 2 Procedure There are two ways to execute a macro. One way is to execute a macro as a one-button measurement function when using the AQ7270/AQ7275. The other is to play the defined macro for verification. One-Button Measurement 3 4 5 1. Press the One Button soft key. The macro execution screen appears. 2. Press the soft key corresponding to the macro you want to execute from Macro 1 to 3. The optical pulse measurement display appears, and the measurement starts.
9.4 Executing the Macro Checking the Macro Definition 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press the Macro soft key. The soft key menu for Macro 1 to 3 appears. 3. Press the soft key corresponding to the macro you want to check from Macro 1 to 3. The soft key menu for executing the macro appears. • Starting the Macro Execution 4. Press the soft key. The measurement starts or resumes. • Pausing the Macro Execution 5. Press the || soft key.
9.5 1 Saving/Loading Macro Conditions You can save and load settings of macro operations 1 through 5 to a file. Other AQ7270/ AQ7275’s can run the macros by loading the saved macro definitions. Saving Saving the Produced Macro Definitions 2 3 4 1. Press FILE. 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 5 3. Move the cursor to Save using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for saving appears. 6 5. Press the File Type soft key.
9.5 Saving/Loading Macro Conditions Loading 1. Press FILE. 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 3. Move the cursor to Load using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for loading appears. Selecting the File Type 5. Press the File Type soft key. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 6. Move the cursor to MAC using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The file type is confirmed. Selecting the Macro Number for Loading 8.
Chapter 10 Measuring the Distance 1 10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation 2 Procedure Using markers, you can measure distance between two points, splice loss, and return loss. The following describes operation of cursors and markers. See chapter 11 for a description of splice loss and return loss measurements. Displaying and Moving the Cursor 3 4 5 1. Turn the rotary knob to the right. The cursor appears on screen. 2. Turn the rotary knob to the right (left). The cursor moves to the right (left).
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation Selecting the Marker Mode 1. Press SETUP. The soft key menu for the settings appears. 2. Press the Mode soft key. The soft key menu for selecting the setting mode appears. 3. Press the Detail soft key. The soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. 4. Press the System Setup soft key. The System Setup screen is displayed. 5. Move the cursor to Marker Mode using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 6. Press ENTER. Marker and Line switch each time you press the key. 7.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation 1 Marker Operation (Marker) The following uses an example of the 4 markers method. 2 Marker Display 1. Press the Marker soft key. The soft key menu regarding markers appears. 2. Press the 4 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 4 markers method 3 3. Turn the rotary knob to the right. The cursor appears on screen. 4 appears. • Setting the Marker Display Position 4.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation Moving Markers 1. Turn the rotary knob, and stop moving the cursor at the position where you want to move the marker. 2. Press the soft key of the marker you want to move. Example: Moving marker 3 Note • The markers are arranged in the order be set in a different order. • For information on simultaneously moving the 1 and 3 markers in which the All soft key was used, see “Collective Marker Display” on the previous page. 1 , 2 , Y2, 3 starting from the left.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation 1 Marker Delete Operation (Marker) The following uses an example of the 4 markers method. 2 Deleting Markers 1. Press the Marker soft key. The soft key menu regarding markers appears. 2. Press the Auxiliary function soft key. The soft key menu regarding deletion 3 3. Press the Delete Marker soft key. All displayed markers are deleted. 4 appears. • When Deleting Markers from the Marker Setting Screen 5 1. Press the ESC key.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation Marker Operation (Line Markers) A fixed cursor is a line marker. The following uses an example of the 5 markers method. Displaying Line Markers 1. Press the Marker soft key. The soft key menu regarding markers appears. 2. Press the 5 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 5 markers method appears. 3. Turn the rotary knob to the right. The cursor appears on screen. • Selecting the Cursor 4. Press the Select soft key. The select cursor moves to n. 5.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation 1 Moving Line Markers 1. Press the Select soft key, then align the select cursor with the character of the line marker you wish to move. The line marker is selected. 2. Turn the rotary knob. The line marker moves. 2 3 Example: Moving Line Marker f 4 5 6 7 8 9 Moving Line Markers Collectively (Cursor Link) You can move line markers while preserving the set distance between them. 10 1. Press the Marker soft key. The soft key menu regarding markers appears.
10.1 Marker and Cursor Operation Marker Delete Operation (Line Marker) The following uses an example of the 4 markers method. Deleting Line Markers 1. Press the Marker soft key. The soft key menu regarding markers appears. 2. Press the Auxiliary function soft key. The soft key menu regarding deletion appears. 3. Press the Delete Marker soft key. All displayed line markers are deleted. • When Deleting Line Markers from the Line Marker Setting Screen 1. Press the ESC key.
1 10.2 Measuring the Distance 2 Procedure 3 Measuring the Distance from the Instrument Using the Cursor The distance to the event such as reflections and splice loss can be measured by placing the cursor on the acquired waveform. Displaying the Cursor 4 5 1. Turn the rotary knob to the right. The cursor appears on screen. Moving the Cursor 2. Turn the rotary knob. The cursor moves and the distance from the measurement reference is displayed on screen.
10.2 Measuring the Distance Measuring the Distance of a Section Using Markers 2 Markers Method (Marker) 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 2. Press the 2 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 2 markers method appears. 3. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. • Setting the Measurement Start Position 4. Move the cursor to the start position of the measurement section on the waveform. 5. Press the 1 soft key.
10.2 Measuring the Distance 1 2 Markers Method (Line Marker) 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 2. Press the 2 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 2 markers method appears. 2 3 • Setting the Measurement Start Position 3. Press the n soft key. 4 4. Turn the rotary knob. The n cursor is displayed on the screen. 5. Turn the rotary knob to move the n cursor to the start position of the 5 measurement section on the waveform.
10.3 Moving the Measurement Reference Procedure Normally, the point where the optical fiber cable is connected to the AQ7270/AQ7275 is the measurement reference. This point is used as the distance reference to calculate the distance at the cursor and marker positions. If you are making measurements with a dummy fiber connected, the distance reference is moved by the length of the dummy fiber for the measurements. Moving the Distance Reference 1. Press the Marker soft key.
10.3 Moving the Measurement Reference Note • • With the /DF option, the AQ7270/AQ7275 detects the position corresponding to the dummy fiber distance after the measurement is completed and automatically sets the distance reference. However, if the distance reference is specified with the Distance Ref Setup soft key in advance, this function is invalid. The waveform in the area left of the specified distance reference is displayed using a different color.
Chapter 11 Measuring the Splice and Return Loss 1 11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss 2 Procedure 3 If the Marker Mode Is Set to Marker 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 2. Press the 4 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 4 markers method 4 3. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. 5 appears. 6 7 8 9 10 • Setting the Measurement Start Position 11 waveform. 5. Press the 1 soft key. The 1 12 marker is displayed on the screen.
11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss • Setting the Markers Automatically 4. Move the cursor to the event start position on the waveform. 5. Press the ALL soft key. All the markers are set on the screen, and values are displayed in the calculation results screen for the measured data. • Adjusting the Interval of the Markers Set Automatically 6. Press the ALL soft key. The 1 and 3 markers moves in on the 2 marker. When they move to the closes position, they return to their original positions.
11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss 1 • Setting the Far-End Point 15. Press the Select soft key to move the cursor to f. 2 16. Turn the rotary knob. The f cursor is displayed on the screen. 17. Turn the rotary knob to move the f cursor on the waveform at the far end.
11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss Explanation 2 Markers Method The distance and loss between two points is measured. If a reflection is detected between the two points, the return loss is also measured. (n for the line marker) 20 dB (example) (E for the line marker) 20 km (example) Splice loss (total loss) Splice loss Splice loss : Return loss : – – dB km dB/km 20 20 1 The measured loss value between the markers varies depending on the specified approximation method.
11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss 5 Markers Method This function is available only when the marker mode is set to Line. Measurement is performed on the following five points: the near-end point (n), the point used to calculate the approximation line at the near end (N), the splice loss detection point (E), the point used to calculate the approximation line at the far end (F), and the far-end point (f).
11.1 Measuring the Splice Loss 6 Markers Method The 6 markers method is used if there are two splice loss events. Measurement is performed using the following six points: the start point of the first splice loss ( 1 ), the start point used to calculate the approximation line (Y1), the end point used to calculate the approximation line (Y3), the start point of the second splice loss ( 2 ), the end point of the second splice loss (Y2), and the measurement end point ( 3 ).
11.2 Measurement Taking the Adjacent Splice Loss into Consideration Procedure This is the method for eliminating the error from the first neighboring event and measuring the splice loss of the second event. You can measure the distance from the position of the first event and the splice loss in the second event at once. 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 1 2 3 4 2. Press the 6 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 6 markers method 5 3.
11.2 Measurement Taking the Adjacent Splice Loss into Consideration • Setting the End Position of the Second Event 14. Move the cursor to the end position of the second splice loss on the waveform. 15. Press the Y2 soft key. The Y2 marker is displayed on the screen. • Setting the Measurement End Position 16. Move the cursor to the end position of the measurement section on the waveform. 17. Press the 3 soft key.
1 11.3 Measuring the Return Loss and Reflection Level 2 Procedure 3 If the Marker Mode Is Set to Marker 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 2. Press the 2 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 2 markers method 4 3. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. 5 appears. 6 7 8 9 10 • Setting the Measurement Start Position 11 4. Move the cursor to the detection start position of the event on the waveform. 1 soft key.
11.3 Measuring the Return Loss and Reflection Level If the Marker Mode Is Set to Line 1. Press the Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the marker appears. 2. Press the 2 Point Markers soft key. The soft key menu for the 2 markers method appears. • Setting the Measurement Start Position 3. Press the n soft key. 4. Turn the rotary knob. The n cursor is displayed on the screen. 5. Turn the rotary knob to move the n cursor to the detection start position of the event on the waveform.
11.3 Measuring the Return Loss and Reflection Level 1 Explanation • If you set the language to Japanese, you can select the reflection display method from return loss and reflection level. The selected value is displayed in the calculation results screen. For the operating procedure, see section 19.1. • If a < mark is displayed in the return loss value display, the measured waveform is saturated. If the waveform is saturated, the actual reflection level is greater than the displayed value.
Chapter 12 Editing the Event List 1 12.1 Viewing the Measured Results 2 The AQ7270/AQ7275 detect events from the acquired waveform and displays the splice or return loss. You can edit the values and insert or delete events in the list of event detection results if you want to make adjustments by taking the actual environment into consideration.
12.1 Viewing the Measured Results Cumulative Loss The cumulative loss from the measurement reference is displayed. For details, see section 12.2. dB/km The loss per kilometer between events is displayed. Event Type One of the following events is identified and indicated. : : : : Indicates a positive splice loss. Indicates a negative splice loss. Indicates a reflection. Indicates a bending loss (firmware versions 3.01 and later). Section Group Index The refraction index between events is displayed.
1 12.2 Editing the Waveform 2 Procedure It is possible that an event is not detected because the backscattering light level at the reflection point of the optical fiber cable is too small, or the noise may be detected as an event. If this happens, you can make adjustments by inserting, deleting, and moving events. 3 4 5 Detecting Events (If the Event Detection Method Is Set to Manual) 1. Press the Event Analysis soft key. The event is detected, and a soft key menu for the event display appears.
12.2 Editing the Waveform Inserting an Event 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Cursor. The Ins. Event (Cursor) soft key appears in the soft key menu. 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the position on the waveform you want to insert an event. 5. Press the Ins. Event (Cursor) soft key.
12.2 Editing the Waveform 1 Deleting an Event 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Event. The Del. Event 2 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the event you want to delete. The 3 5. Press the Del. Event (Event) soft key. The event number that was displayed on 4 (Event) soft key appears in the soft key menu. color of the event selected with the cursor changes.
12.2 Editing the Waveform Moving an Event • If the Marker Mode Is Marker 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Event. 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the event you want to move The color of the event selected with the cursor changes. 5. Press the Event Marker soft key. The soft key menu for editing the event marker appears. 6. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Event.
12.2 Editing the Waveform 1 • If the Marker Mode Is Line 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 2 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Event. 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the event you want to move The color of the event selected with the cursor changes. 5. Press the Event Marker soft key. The soft key menu for editing the event marker appears. 6. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Cursor. 7.
12.2 Editing the Waveform Editing the Event Markers The splice or return loss for detected events are measured with the event marker. The splice loss value varies depending on the event marker position. If an event marker is assigned to a location on the waveform that is not an event (such as noise), you can measure the value correctly by moving the marker to the correct position. Editing the Return or Splice Loss • If the Marker Mode Is Marker 2. Press the Event Edit soft key.
12.2 Editing the Waveform 1 • If the Marker Mode Is Line 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 2 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Event. 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the event you want to edit. The color of the event selected with the cursor changes. 5. Press the Event Marker soft key. The soft key menu for editing the event marker appears. 6. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Cursor. 3 4 7.
12.2 Editing the Waveform Measuring by Moving the Position for Starting the Distance Calculation Moving the Distance Reference • Moving the Cursor to the Start Position 2. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Cursor. 3. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the position for starting the distance calculation. • Setting the Distance Reference 4. Press the Distance Ref Setup soft key.
12.2 Editing the Waveform 1 Moving the S Point 2. Press the Event Edit soft key. A soft key menu for editing events appears. 2 3. Press the Rotary Knob soft key to move the cursor to Cursor. 4. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the position for starting the distance calculation. • Setting the Start Position 3 4 5. Press the More soft key. The auxiliary function soft key menu appears. 6. Press the Set Start Position soft key. The S point moves to the start point.
12.2 Editing the Waveform Fixing Events You can create a template of the event positions and measure the return and splice loss at given positions. 2. Press the Event Analysis soft key. The event is detected. 3. Press the Event Fix soft key to move the cursor to ON. Note The event fix function turns OFF under the following conditions. • If the distance range, sampling resolution or pulse width is changed. • If you change the sampling interval of the measurement range during realtime measurement.
12.2 Editing the Waveform • The display method of events that are detected at positions other than the template event positions varies depending on the Event Fix Mode setting as shown below. • Event Fix Mode Is Set to MODE1 Events at positions other than the template event positions are also displayed in the event list. Events other than fixed events are also detected. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 An earlier event was detected, so the number of this fixed event was updated (changed from 3 to 4).
12.3 Editing the List Procedure The AQ7270/AQ7275 measures events using the information of the acquired waveform and the optical fiber cable conditions. However, if these conditions are known and you enter the values, you can find out the section group index and the backscattering light level of the optical fiber cable. Editing Events 1. Press the Event Analysis soft key. The event is detected, and a soft key menu for the event display appears. 2. Press the Screen soft key. The list screen is displayed.
12.3 Editing the List 1 Editing the Return Loss 5. Move the cursor to Return Loss using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 6. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the return loss appears. 7. Select a digit using the arrow keys and set the value using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 8. Press ENTER. The return loss is confirmed. 3 4 5 Note If you change the return loss of an event, the backscattering light level is recalculated.
12.3 Editing the List Inserting a Comment 4. Press the Event Note Edit soft key. The character input screen appears. 5. Enter a comment for identification. 6. Press ENTER. The comment is displayed under the event information display. Character input screen Entered characters Note • • 12-16 For details on entering characters, see section 18.6. You can enter the comment using up to 36 characters.
Chapter 13 Detail Analysis of the Measured Waveform 1 13.1 Displaying the Multiple Waveforms 2 Procedure 3 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key. A soft key menu for the waveform 4 analysis appears. 3. Press the MultiTrace soft key. A soft key menu for the multiple waveform analysis appears. 5 6 7 8 9 10 Loading the Waveforms 11 4. Press the TRACE1 to 4 soft key. A soft key menu for the TRACE conditions appears. 5. Press the Load soft key.
13.1 Displaying the Multiple Waveforms Selecting the File Type 6. Press the File Type soft key. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 7. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 8. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the file type closes. Selecting the Medium 9. Press the Drive soft key. A screen for selecting the drive appears. 10. Move the cursor to the drive you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 11. Press ENTER.
13.1 Displaying the Multiple Waveforms 1 Moving the Waveform 14. Press the Wave Shift Up soft key. The display of the loaded waveform moves up. 15. Press the Wave Shift Down soft key. The display of the loaded waveform moves down. 2 3 Clearing the Waveform Display 16. Press the Trace Clear soft key. The waveform display of the screen disappears. 4 5 6 7 8 9 Note Up to four waveforms can be displayed. Repeat steps 3 to 12. 10 Specifying the Waveform to Be Analyzed 11 17. Press ESC.
13.2 2-Way Trace Procedure 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key. A soft key menu for the waveform analysis appears. 3. Press the 2-WayTrace soft key. A soft key menu for the 2-way trace appears. Select the waveform to be analyzed Loading the Waveforms 4. Press the TRACE1 or TRACE2 soft key. The soft key menu for loading waveform data and the file list screen appear.
13.2 2-Way Trace 1 Selecting the File Type 5. Press the File Type soft key. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 6. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary 2 7. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the file type closes. 3 knob. 4 5 6 Selecting the Medium 8. Press the Drive soft key. A screen for selecting the drive appears. 7 9. Move the cursor to the drive you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 8 10. Press ENTER.
13.2 2-Way Trace Specifying the Waveform to Be Analyzed 13. Press the Current Trace soft key. The cursor moves to TRACE1 or TRACE2. Note The cursor is displayed on the waveform of the trace selected by Current Trace. 2-Way Trace Analysis of Waveforms 14. Press the 2-WayTrace Analysis soft key. A soft key menu for the 2-way trace analysis and the event list screen appear.
13.2 2-Way Trace 1 Switching the Screen 15. Press the Screen soft key. The screen switches between Trace+List and List. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note Set the measurement conditions as follows to perform 2-way trace analysis. • The event list is present. • The wavelength of the two waveforms is the same. • The measurement start position has not been changed (see the explanation in section 7.4 for details). • The distance between the measurement reference (R) and the E event is the same.
13.2 2-Way Trace Explanation The 2-way trace function combines the events of the waveform measured from end A to end B of the optical fiber cable with the events of the waveform measured from end B to end A. In the figure below, the event that was in the dead zone of the near-end reflection (point S) when measured from end A is detected as event number 5 when measured from end B. In the 2-way trace, this event is displayed as event number 1.
1 13.3 Difference Waveform 2 Procedure 3 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key. A soft key menu for the waveform 4 analysis appears. 3. Press the Diff. Waveform soft key. A soft key menu for the difference waveform appears. 5 6 7 8 9 10 Loading the Waveforms 4. Press the TRACE1 or TRACE2 soft key. The soft key menu for loading waveform data and the file list screen appear.
13.3 Difference Waveform Selecting the File Type 5. Press the File Type soft key. A screen for selecting the file type appears. 6. Move the cursor to file type you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the file type closes. Selecting the Medium 8. Press the Drive soft key. A screen for selecting the drive appears. 9. Move the cursor to the drive you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 10. Press ENTER.
13.3 Difference Waveform 1 Difference Analysis of Waveforms The return and splice loss of the difference waveform is measured using markers. 14. Press the Diff. Trace Analysis soft key. The difference waveform is displayed on the screen, and a soft key menu for the difference waveform analysis appears. 2 3 Difference waveform 4 5 6 7 Note • • • • • • The difference waveform is obtained by subtracting the values of the waveform selected as the current waveform from the other waveform.
13.4 Section Analysis Procedure The return and total loss can be measured in a specified section. 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key. A soft key menu for the waveform analysis appears. 3. Press the Section Analysis soft key. The section analysis soft key menu appears. Setting the Start Point 4. Turn the rotary knob. A cursor is displayed on the screen. 5. Turn the rotary knob to move the cursor to the section start point on the waveform. 6.
13.4 Section Analysis Auto Setting of Section Analysis Markers (S, E) You can automatically set marker line marker E to the stop point. 1 or line marker n to the start point, and marker 2 or 4. Press the To be set by Marker soft key. The S and E markers are automatically displayed in the specified positions for markers respectively. Note Valid for waveform data for which markers 1 and 2 1 and 2 or line markers n and E, or line markers n and E are already set.
13.5 Fixing the Waveform Procedure You can keep a previously displayed waveform on the screen and perform waveform measurement. It is displayed along with the waveform currently being measured. 1. With a waveform displayed on the screen, press the Trace Fix soft key. The cursor moves to ON. 2. The previous waveform and the current waveform being measured are displayed simultaneously. Fixed waveform Note • • • • 13-14 You can also fix waveforms by loading stored waveform data.
Chapter 14 Optical Power Monitoring (Option) 1 14.1 Calibration before the Measurement 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Power Monitor 1. Close the optical connector cover on the AQ7270/AQ7275 with the optical fiber cable removed from the AQ7270/AQ7275. 2. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power 4 5 monitor display, and a soft key menu for the power monitor appears. 3. Press the ZERO SET soft key. The message “Now Zeroing’ appears on the 6 screen.
14.2 Setting the Reference Procedure 1. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power monitor display, and a setup screen and soft key menu for the power monitor appear. Setting the Reference Using a Measured Value This function sets the reference value to the current displayed value. 2. Press the Dref soft key. The reference value of the screen changes. Entering the Reference Manually 2. Press the Mode soft key to move the cursor to dB. 3.
1 14.3 Selecting the Display Unit 2 Procedure 1. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power 3 2. Press the Mode soft key to move the cursor to dB, dBm, or W. 4 monitor display, and a soft key menu for the power monitor appears. 5 6 7 8 9 10 Explanation The following power display units are available. dB Relative value dBm Absolute value W Absolute value 11 12 The relationship between the different power display units are shown below.
14.4 Selecting the Wavelength Procedure 1. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power monitor display, and a setup screen for the power monitor appears. 2. Move the cursor to Wavelength using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 5. Move the cursor to the wavelength you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 6. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the wavelength closes.
1 14.5 Setting the Offset 2 Procedure 1. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power 3 2. Move the cursor to Offset using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4 monitor display, and a setup screen for the power monitor appears. 3. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the offset appears. 4. Select a digit using the arrow keys and set the offset value using the arrow keys 5 5. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the offset closes. 6 or rotary knob.
14.6 Set the Threshold Level Procedure 1. Press the Power Monitor soft key. The screen switches to the optical power monitor display, and a setup screen for the power monitor appears. 2. Move the cursor to Threshold using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 3. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the threshold level appears. 4. Select a digit using the arrow keys and set the threshold level using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 5. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the threshold level closes.
Chapter 15 Light Source Operation (Option) 1 15.1 Light and Stabilized Light Source 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Wavelength The AQ7270/AQ7275 can be used as a light source. 1. Press the Light Source soft key. The screen switches to the light source display, 4 2. Move the cursor to Wavelength using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 5 and a setup screen for the light source appears. 3. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the wavelength appears. 4.
15.1 Light and Stabilized Light Source Executing the Optical Output WARNING Do not remove the optical fiber cable, because light is emitted from the optical pulse output port of the AQ7270/AQ7275 while the measurement is in progress. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. 1. Press the Light Source soft key. The screen switches to the light source display, and a soft key menu for the light source appears. Turning ON the Output 2. Press the ON soft key.
1 15.2 Visible Light Source 2 Procedure 3 WARNING 4 When laser light is being emitted, do not look directly at the laser beams. Laser light entering the eyes can cause severe injury and loss of vision. 5 1. Press the Visible Light Source soft key. The screen changes to the visible light source screen, and the soft key menu regarding visible light sources appears. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Output 2. Press the ON soft key. The laser lights.
Chapter 16 Checking Fiber End Faces 1 16.1 Using Fiber Inspection Probes to View the Status of Optional Fiber End Faces. 2 Fiber End Face Checking (firmware version 2.08 or later) By connecting a commercially available fiber inspection probe that has a USB interface, to an AQ7270/AQ7275 USB port, you can show photographs of optical fiber end faces on the AQ7270/AQ7275 display. These pictures can be saved as data. TOP screen (When you mount an optional visible ray). 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fiber Inspec.
16.1 Using Fiber Inspection Probes to View the Status of Optical Fiber end Faces. Explanation Connecting Fiber Inspection Probes Hot-plugging is supported; you can connect or disconnect the USB device at any time, regardless of whether the AQ7270/AQ7275 is on or off. If you connect the USB fiber inspection probe while the AQ7270/AQ7275 is on, the AQ7270/AQ7275 will automatically recognize the probe. For cautions regarding connecting the probe, see Note in section 18.1.
Chapter 17 Multi Core Trace Comparison 1 17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. Procedure When installed fibers are moved because of road work or other external factors, you can efficiently perform measurements by using this function. 2 3 4 5 WARNING During measurement, the AQ7270/AQ7275 optical pulse output port transmits light, so do not remove the optical fiber cable that is connected to this port.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work • Main View Screen Display after measurements are complete Check marks are displayed for the cores whose measurements are complete. This is the core list. For details on how the number of cores and core numbers are displayed, see section 17.2. The measurement waveform of the core selected in the core list is displayed. You can select the core using the arrow keys.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work Waveform Analysis You can use markers or line markers to calculate the splice loss and return loss. By comparing two waveforms, you can check whether work has been completed correctly. You can use the Marker Mode setting to specify markers or line markers. 2 3 Note • • 1 For details on the marker modes, see section 10.1. Set the marker mode on the optical pulse measurement (OTDR) screen. On the top screen, press the OTDR soft key.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work • 4 Markers Method (Markers) 3. Press the 4 Point Markers soft key. A soft key menu for the 4 markers method appears. Note • • For the operating procedure of the 4 markers method (markers) and how to view the splice loss, see step 4 and the subsequent steps in the procedure under “If the Marker Mode Is Set to Marker” and the explanation in section 11.1. For how to operate markers and cursors, see section 10.1.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work 1 • 5 Markers Method (Line Markers) 3. Press the 5 Point Markers soft key. A soft key menu for the 5 markers method appears. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note • • For the operating procedure of the 5 markers method (line markers) and how to view the splice loss, see step 3 and the subsequent steps in the procedure under “If the Marker Mode Is Set to Line” and the explanation in section 11.1.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work Performing Pass/Fail Judgments after Work You can set a threshold level to judge whether the splice losses at fiber splices are within a specified range after the movement work is completed. During optical pulse measurements after work is completed, the judgment is performed automatically, and the result is displayed on the screen. 1. Press the Judge Marker soft key. A soft key menu for the pass/fail judgment markers appears. 2.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work Note The alarm is enabled during realtime measurement. You cannot use the alarm during averaging measurement. Setting Core Numbers That Will Not Be Measured If there are cores that are not used or that you will not measure, you can use this function to exclude them from the measurement. 1 2 3 1. On the main view screen, move the cursor to a cell that has the number of a core 4 2. Press the Skip soft key.
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work Saving and Loading Measured Results 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the waveform data and the file list screen appear. Select the function that the FILE key will perform (see page 18-1 for details on saving and page 18-5 for details on loading) Select the .
17.1 Measuring Optical Pulses before Work and after Work 1 Explanation Performing Pass/Fail Judgments after Work • Threshold This value indicates how high of a splice loss will be allowed after work is completed. This is the threshold level of splice losses in the 4 markers method and the 5 markers method. It is the threshold level of data in the 2 markers method.
17.2 Configuring the Core Information Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. You can configure the information of multicore fibers. You can perform measurements with the factory default settings, but the cells on the main view screen will be easier to view if you set the core information so that it matches the cores that you are working on. Selecting the Multi Core Trace Comparison 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Multi Core Trace comp. soft key.
17.2 Configuring the Core Information 1 • Setting a Cell’s Start Number 5. Move the cursor to Start Number using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 6. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the start number appears. 7. Set the start number using the rotary knob. 3 8. Press ENTER. The start number is confirmed. 4 Note • • If you set the start number to a large value, an error message will be displayed if there are not enough numbers that you can assign to all the cores.
17.2 Configuring the Core Information • Setting the Number of Tapes or Units 5. Move the cursor to NumOfRow using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 6. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the number of rows appears. 7. Set the number of rows (the number of tapes or units) using the rotary knob. 8. Press ENTER. The number of rows is confirmed. Note • • This can be set when Fiber Manage is set to “Tape No.” or “Unit.
17.2 Configuring the Core Information 1 Adjusting How the Main View Screen Is Displayed 1. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 2. Press the Fiber info. Setup soft key. The Fiber information Setup screen 2 3. Move the cursor to Detail Setup using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 3 appears. 4. Press ENTER. The Detail Setup screen appears.
17.2 Configuring the Core Information • Selecting How Cell Numbers of Cores Are Displayed 5. Move the cursor to Fiber Numbering using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 6. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting how cell numbers of cores are displayed appears. Note When “Row-Column” is selected Cell numbers of cores When “Serial Number” is selected • Turning Header Colors ON or OFF 5. Move the cursor to ColorOfColumn or ColorOfRow using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 6.
1 17.3 Setting Measurement Conditions Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. 2 3 You can configure settings such as the wavelength and the distance range. These settings are required for measuring optical pulses. 4 Selecting the Multi Core Trace Comparison 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Multi Core Trace Comp. soft key. The multi core trace comparison display and a soft key menu for multi core trace comparison appear. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Selecting Measurement Setup 3.
17.4 Setting Analysis Conditions Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. You can configure settings such as the wavelength and the group refraction index. These settings are required for analyzing optical pulse measurement waveforms. Selecting the Multi Core Trace Comparison 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Multi Core Trace Comp. soft key. The multi core trace comparison display and a soft key menu for multi core trace comparison appear. Selecting Analysis Setup 3.
17.4 Setting Analysis Conditions Note If you are performing work on normal cores or unit cores, select the waveform before work if you have finished measuring all the cores prior to starting work. If you are performing work on tape ID cores, when you are measuring only one core in a tape ID, select the tape ID that was measured prior to starting work.
Chapter 18 Saving, Loading, and Printing Files 1 18.1 Loading and Saving Files 2 3 CAUTION Comply with the following precautions when the USB memory access indicator is illuminated or when the operating status display indicates that data is being saved. Failure to do so may damage the storage medium (USB memory device or internal memory), may lead to loss of data, or may cause the AQ7270/AQ7275 to operate incorrectly. • Do not turn the power off (do not remove the battery).
18.1 Loading and Saving Files Selecting the File Name Type 5. Press the FileName Setup soft key. The screen for entering the file name appears. Select the file name type Select the number to be attached to the file name type Select the tape ID number Enter a comment for the file name type Select the separator display method. Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. 6. Move the cursor to Name Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER.
18.1 Loading and Saving Files Setting the File ID Number 10. Move the cursor to ID No. using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 1 2 11. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the ID number appears. 12. Set the ID number using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 3 13. Press ENTER. The ID number is confirmed. 4 5 Note • • • The number is incremented each time a file is saved. You cannot set the ID number if the file name type to Comment. The ID number has 4 digits.
18.1 Loading and Saving Files Initializing the Tape Number If the tape number of the saved file name is something other than a, it is restored to a. The following is an example of a procedure when the tape number is set between a and h to change the saved file name from 0001c to 0002a. 24. Continuing on from step 5, use the arrow keys or the rotary knob to move the cursor to Tape No. 25. Press ENTER. A screens appears with the cursor at Tape No. with a – h selected. 26. Press ENTER.
18.1 Loading and Saving Files Loading the File 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 1 2 3. Move the cursor to Load using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for loading the waveform appears. 3 4 5 6 7 8 Loading the Waveform 5. Move the cursor to the file you want to load in the file list screen using the arrow 9 6. Press the Load soft key. The file is loaded. 10 keys or the rotary knob. Selecting the File Type 11 2.
18.1 Loading and Saving Files Selecting the Medium 2. Press the Drive soft key. The screen for selecting the load source drive appears. 3. Move the cursor to the save destination or load source drive you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The save destination or load source drive is confirmed. Explanation Selecting the Medium You can select the following medium types for saving or loading the waveform. • Internal memory: The memory inside the AQ7270/AQ7275.
18.1 Loading and Saving Files File Name Type You can select the following file name types when saving the waveform. Type File Name Number ****.$$$ Comment @@@@.$$$ Comment+number @@@@****.$$$ Number+comment ****@@@@.$$$ Comment+wavelength+number @@@@####****.$$$ Number+comment+wavelength ***@@@@####.$$$ Wavelength+comment+number ####@@@@****.$$$ 1 2 3 4 5 *: number, @: comment, #: wavelength, and $: extension The value of the measurement condition is displayed for the wavelength.
18.2 Deleting or Copying the Files Procedure Carry out the steps below to delete waveforms saved in the past or copy them to another medium. 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the waveform data and the file list screen appear. Select the file function Select the type of file to be deleted (see section 18.1 for the procedure) Select the medium from which to delete files (see section 18.1 for the procedure) Select all files (see page 18-8 for the procedure) Delete Deleting a Waveform 2.
18.2 Deleting or Copying the Files Deleting a File 5. Move the cursor to the file you want to delete in the file list screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. An asterisk is displayed before the file name at the cursor. 1 2 3 6. Press ENTER. An asterisk is displayed before the file name. 4 5 File to be deleted 6 7. Press the Delete soft key. A deletion confirmation message appears. 7 8 9 10 8. Move the cursor to OK using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 11 9. Press ENTER. The file is deleted.
18.2 Deleting or Copying the Files Copying Waveforms 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 3. Move the cursor to Copy using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. A soft key menu for copying the waveforms appears. Copying the Waveforms 5. Move the cursor to the file you want to copy in the file list screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. An asterisk is displayed before the file name at the cursor. 6. Press ENTER.
18.2 Deleting or Copying the Files Copying All Files 1 5. Move the cursor to the folder containing the files you want to copy in the file list 2 6. Press ENTER. The files in the folder are displayed. 3 screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press the All Select soft key. An asterisk is displayed before every file name. 8. Press the Dest. Folder soft key. The File List screen for selecting the copy 4 destination appears. 9.
18.3 Renaming the File Procedure Carry out the steps below to change the file name. 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the waveform data and the file list screen appear. Select the file function Select the type file to be renamed (see section 18.1 for the procedure) Select the medium on which the file to be renamed is located (see section 18.1 for the procedure) Change the name 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 3.
18.3 Renaming the File Selecting the File Type See section 18.1. 1 2 Selecting the Medium 3 See section 18.1.
18.4 Creating, Deleting, and Copying Folders Procedure Creating a Folder 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the waveform data and the file list screen appear. Select the file function Select the medium on which the folder to be edited is located (see section 18.1 for the procedure) Operate the folder 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 3. Move the cursor to Make Folder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER.
18.4 Creating, Deleting, and Copying Folders Deleting a Folder 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 1 2 3. Move the cursor to DeleteFolder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for the deleting folders appears. 3 4 5 6 7 8 5. Move the cursor to the folder you want to delete in the file list screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. An asterisk is displayed before the file name at the cursor. 6.
18.4 Creating, Deleting, and Copying Folders Copying a Folder 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 3. Move the cursor to Copy Folder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for the copying folders appears. 5. Move the cursor to the file you want to copy in the file list screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. An asterisk is displayed before the file name at the cursor. 6. Press the Select/Deselect soft key.
18.4 Creating, Deleting, and Copying Folders Explanation When copying a folder, only the combinations below are allowed for the drives. You cannot copy from the internal memory to the internal memory or from a USB storage device to the USB storage device.
18.5 Printing Procedure Set the printer used to print the measured results. 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the file appears. Set the printer Note Hold down the FILE key for 1 second to directly set the file action to Print. Selecting the Printed Contents 2. Press the Event List soft key to move the cursor to ON. Setting the Printer 3. Press the Print Setup soft key. The Print Setup screen appears.
18.5 Printing If the USB Printer Is Selected • Selecting the Manufacturer 1 2 8. Move the cursor to Maker using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the manufacturer appears. 10. Move the cursor to the manufacture you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 3 4 11. Press ENTER. The manufacturer is confirmed. 5 6 7 • Selecting the Print Color 12. Move the cursor to Print Color using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 8 13. Press ENTER.
18.5 Printing 5. Move the cursor to the file you want to print in the file list screen using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. An asterisk is displayed before the file name at the cursor. 6. Press ENTER. An asterisk is displayed before the file name. File to be printed 7. Press the Execute soft key. The file is displayed on the screen and printed. This operation repeats until all selected files are printed. Note Consecutive printing of specified files can be used only on the SOR file type.
1 18.6 Entering Characters 2 Procedure 3 Entering Characters You can enter file names and comments from the character input screen when saving the measured waveforms. 4 Character Input Screen 5 Move the cursor to the next character Move the cursor to the previous character 6 Character edit screen 7 8 Backspace 9 10 11 Character keys Input the strings using history 12 Confirm the entered characters rotary knob. 3. As necessary, use the edit functions of each soft key. 15 4.
18.6 Entering Characters History Input 1. Press the Recall Input Characters soft key (FILE key). The Input History screen is displayed. 2. Move the cursor to string you wish to input using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 3. Press ENTER. The character string selected in the Edit Character Display screen is displayed. Note • • 18-22 The input history is saved when the string is finalized. Up to 50 strings can be saved to input history, and finalized strings are arranged in order from most recent.
1 18.7 Creating Labels 2 Procedure 3 Setting a Label You can enter detailed information such as the measurement conditions as comments. You can also enter detailed information such as the name of the company that measured the optical fiber cable or the name of the person in charge. 1. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 2. Press the Label soft key. The Label Setup screen appear. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Saving, Loading, and Printing Files Entering Labels 13 Enter a label in the Label Setup screen.
18.7 Creating Labels • Setting the Label Input Mode to File Name Duplication 3. Press the Mode soft key. The soft key menu for selecting the label mode appears. 4. Press the File Name Duplication soft key. The File Name Duplication label mode is finalized. 5. Press ENTER. The character input soft key menu and screen are displayed. 6. Input characters. For information on entering characters, see section 18.6. • Setting the Label Input Mode to Fixed Format 3. Press the Mode soft key.
18.7 Creating Labels Setting Label Numbers 10. Move the cursor to ID No. using the arrow key or rotary knob. 1 2 11. Press ENTER. The ID No. setting screen appears. 12. Move the cursor to the ID No. value using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 3 13. Press ENTER. ID No. is confirmed. 4 5 Note • • Every time a label is saved, the number is incremented by 1 automatically. The ID No. has 4 digits. It can be used in the range from 0000 to 9999.
18.7 Creating Labels Entering Other Items Entering Items Other Than the Label in the Label Setup Screen 3. Move the cursor to the item you want to enter using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for entering characters and a keyboard screen for selecting characters appear. 5. Enter the characters. 6. Move the cursor to Fiber Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER to move the cursor to the fiber type you want to select. 8.
18.7 Creating Labels Explanation 1 2 Label Display Area There are 2 label display areas as follows. • OTDR main view label area 3 4 • Label menu preview area 5 6 Entering Labels 7 • The maximum label length is 36 characters. • You cannot enter the label while the measurement is in progress. 8 Mode Selection 9 The following label mode is selected. • Manual You can edit labels as desired.
18.7 Creating Labels Entering the Company Name The maximum number of characters is 36. Entering the Name The maximum number of characters is 36. Entering the Cable ID The maximum number of characters is 36. Entering the Fiber ID The maximum number of characters is 36. Selecting the Fiber Type The following optical fiber cable types are selectable.
1 18.8 Initializing (formatting) the internal memory 2 Procedure 3 Deletes all folders and files in the internal memory. 1. Press FILE. The soft key menu for operating the waveform data and the file list screen appear. 4 5 6 Select the file function 7 8 9 Initialize the internal memory 2. Press the Action soft key. The screen for operating the files appears. 10 11 3. Move the cursor to Format using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 4. Press ENTER. The soft key menu for initializing appears.
18.8 Initializing (formatting) the internal memory 5. Press the Format soft key. A formating confirmation message appears. 6. Move the cursor to OK using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The internal memory is initialized. 8. Press ESC. The optical pulse measurement screen appears. Note All the data are cleared when the internal memory is initialized (formatted). Be sure to back up important data beforehand.
Chapter 19 Other Settings 1 19.1 Setting the System 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. 5 6 Setting the System 5. Press the System Setup soft key. The system setup screen appears.
19.1 Setting the System • Selecting the Language 6. Move the cursor to Language using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. A screen for selecting the language appears. 8. Move the cursor to the language you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER. The language is confirmed. Display example when the language specification is English (Suffix Code: -HE). Suffix Code: -HC -HK -HR • Selecting the Distance Unit 10.
19.1 Setting the System 1 • Enabling or Disabling Local Lockout 16. Move the cursor to Lockout using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 17. Press ENTER to move the cursor to ON or OFF. • Enabling or Disabling the Alarm Sound 3 18. Move the cursor to Beep using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 19. Press ENTER to move the cursor to ON or OFF. 4 • Selecting the USB Function 5 20. Move the cursor to USB Function using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 21. Press ENTER.
19.1 Setting the System • Selecting the Power Save Mode 28. Move the cursor to PowerSave using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 29. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the power save mode and LCD brightness appears. 30. Move the cursor to the item you want to set using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 31. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the power save mode or LCD brightness appears. 32. Move the cursor to the item you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 33. Press ENTER.
19.1 Setting the System 1 Viewing the System Information 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2 2. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 3. Press the System soft key. The soft key menu for the system appears. 3 4. Press the Product Info soft key. The system information screen appears. 4 5 6 7 8 9 Displays the suffix code, etc. 10 Displays parts information, etc. 11 12 Saving the List Screen 5. Press the Screen Image Save soft key.
19.1 Setting the System Explanation Selecting the Distance Unit You can select the distance unit that is displayed on the screen. If you set the language to Japanese, the distance unit is fixed to km. km, mile, and kfeet Enabling or Disabling Local Lockout This function protects the measurement conditions and system settings from being changed by another person. OFF Releases the lockout. ON Sets the lockout.
19.1 Setting the System 1 Selecting the Brightness The visibility of the LCD varies greatly by its brightness. In general, the following characteristics apply. • Bright If the environment is bright, the visibility improves, but the power consumption increases. If the AQ7270/AQ7275 is running on the battery pack, pay attention to the battery level. • Normal An easily viewed screen that is used in most situations.
19.1 Setting the System Selecting the Soft Key Menu Display Method (Firmware Versions 3.01 and Later) You can select the order that soft keys are displayed on the top menu for optical pulse measurements. MODE1 Simple mode and detail mode The Macro and Meas. Setup Info soft keys are displayed on page 1/2. The Advanced Analysis and Trace Fix soft keys are displayed on page 2/2. Multi Wavelength Measurement Mode The Meas. Setup Info soft key is displayed on page 1/2.
1 19.2 Setting the Display 2 Procedure 3 Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. 5 6 Setting the Display Setup 5. Press the Display Setup soft key. The Display Setup screen appears.
19.2 Setting the Display • Selecting the Waveform Display Type 6. Move the cursor to Trace Disp Type using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER to move the cursor to Line or Dot. • Selecting the Cursor Type 8. Move the cursor to Cursor using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 9. Press ENTER to move the cursor to Cross(+) or Line(|). • Selecting the Grid Display Type 10. Move the cursor to Grid using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 11. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting grid appears.
19.2 Setting the Display 1 • Selecting the Digits of the dB Display 26. Move the cursor to dB Decimal using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 2 27. Press ENTER. The screen for selecting the dB display digits appears. 28. Move the cursor to the digit format you want to select using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 29. Press ENTER. The dB display digits is confirmed. 3 4 5 6 • Selecting the Digits of the Distance Display 30.
19.2 Setting the Display • Selecting the Display Expanded around the Event Position 38. Move the cursor to Event Auto Zoom using the arrow keys or rotary knob. 39. Press ENTER to move the cursor to ON or OFF. • Selecting the Display Order on the File List Screen 40. Move the cursor to File List DisplayOrder using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 41. Press ENTER to move the cursor to File Name or Time. • Selecting the Displayed Contents on the File List Screen 42.
19.2 Setting the Display 1 Explanation Selecting the Waveform Display Type 2 You can select the waveform display type from the following: Line Connects the sampling data with lines for the display. Dot Displays the sampled data with dots. 3 4 5 6 7 Dot display Line display 8 Selecting the Cursor Type You can select the cursor type from the following: Cross(+) Uses a crosshair to indicate a position on the waveform. Line(|) Uses a line to indicate a position on the waveform.
19.2 Setting the Display Selecting the Grid Display Type You can select the grid display from the following: OFF Disables the grid display. LINE Displays the grid with lines. DOTS Displays the grid with dots. Hide the grid Show the grid with lines Showing or Hiding the Marker Information You can display the distance from the measurement reference to each marker in the waveform display area. OFF Disables the marker information display. ON Enables the marker information display.
19.2 Setting the Display Showing or Hiding the Second Cursor The second cursor is used to check the secondary reflection. A secondary reflection is a reflection that is detected at a location where there is no actual event. You can select the following modes. OFF Hides the second cursor. ON Shows the second cursor. 1 2 3 4 Second cursor 5 Secondary reflection 6 7 8 Principle behind Secondary Reflections The optical pulse output from position I moves towards II.
19.2 Setting the Display Showing or Hiding the Cursor dB Display In addition to the distance information of the cursor, dB values can be displayed. OFF Shows only the distance information at the cursor position. ON Shows the distance to the cursor value and dB value. Cursor dB display Selecting the Digits of the dB Display You can select the number of digits of the dB display. **.* Displays the value with one decimal digit. **.** Displays the value with two decimal digits. **.
19.2 Setting the Display 1 Displaying the Scale (firmware version 3.01 or later) You can display not only the distance at the cursor position, but also the dB value. OFF The scale values are not displayed. ON The scale values are displayed.
19.3 Setting the Network (/PL Option) Procedure Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. Displaying the System Setup Screen 5. Press the System Setup soft key. The system setup screen appears.
19.3 Setting the Network (/PL Option) 1 Displaying the Network Setup Screen 6. Move the cursor to Network Setup using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The Network Setup screen appears. 2 3 Select whether to use the network (LAN) Enter the user information 4 Enter the timeout value 5 Set the LAN parameters 6 7 8 Note Power up takes a long time if you power up the AQ7270/AQ7275 with the Valid/Invalid item set to Valid when the AQ7270/AQ7275 not connected to the network.
19.3 Setting the Network (/PL Option) • Setting the Timeout Value 15. Move the cursor to Time Out using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 16. Press ENTER. The screen for setting the timeout value appears. 17. Use the rotary knob to set the value. 18. Press ENTER. The timeout value is confirmed. Note The selectable range is 1 to 9999. • Setting the Address (Auto) 19. Move the cursor to DHCP using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 20. Press ENTER to move the cursor to ON.
19.3 Setting the Network (/PL Option) 1 Explanation Set the Ethernet parameters of the AQ7270/AQ7275. The IP address of the AQ7270/AQ7275 must be set correctly to use this function correctly. If a DHCP server is available on the network to which the AQ7270/AQ7275 is connected, the IP address is automatically assigned. In this case, turn ON DHCP on the AQ7270/ AQ7275. For details on the network to which the AQ7270/AQ7275 is connected, consult your network administrator.
19.4 Network File Transfers This section describes the FTP server function when a general FTP client (such as WS_FTP or FFFTP) is used. (Applicable to products with firmware version 1.04 or higher.) To use this function, set the network according to the instructions in section 19.3, “Setting the Network (/PL Option).” Ethernet AQ7270/ AQ7275 PC Note • • 19-22 To apply new settings, power-cycle the AQ7270/AQ7275. You cannot transfer data from the PC to the AQ7270/AQ7275 memory.
1 19.5 Cable Installation Completion Notification Firmware versions 3.01 and later support this function. Procedure 2 3 Selecting the Detail Mode 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press SETUP. A soft key menu for the settings appears. 3. Press the Mode soft key. A soft key menu for selecting the setup mode appears. 4. Press the Detail soft key. A soft key menu for the Detail mode appears. 5 6 Displaying the System Setup Screen 5.
19.5 Cable Installation Completion Notification Displaying the Work Completion Notice Setting Screen 6. Move the cursor to Work completion notice setting using the arrow keys or the rotary knob. 7. Press ENTER. The Work completion notice setting screen appears.
19.5 Cable Installation Completion Notification 1 Explanation Before you check whether the work is complete, move the cursor to the fiber end point after the optical fiber has been installed (the extension work point or the work completion point) and turn on the work completion confirmation notification. When the fiber end detection position (the event) during real-time measurement is the same as the cursor position (CheckPoint), the AQ7270/AQ7275 gives a notification that the installation is complete.
Chapter 20 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection 1 20.1 Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting • If a message is displayed on the screen, read the next section. • If servicing is necessary or if the software is not operating correctly after performing the corrective actions, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. Problem and Corrective Action Reference Section Nothing is displayed even if the power switch is turned ON.
20.2 Error Messages Error Messages A message may appear on the screen during operation. This section describes the meanings of the messages and their corrective actions. The messages can be displayed either in English or Japanese (see section 19.1). If the corrective action requires servicing, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer for repairs. In addition to the error messages listed below, there are communication error messages.
20.2 Error Messages Code Message 550 The event list does not exist in either of trace or both. Measurement range of those two traces are not same reference points. Please set the origin (0m). 552 Fiber lengths do not match. The end point distance error between two traces must be within 3%. 553 Total number of events exceeds 100 for the 2-way analysis. 555 The differential trace cannot be created. Trace conditions are not same. 556 The differential trace cannot be created. No trace data available.
20.2 Error Messages Code Message 636 Folder cannot be deleted. The hierarchy below the specified folder is too deep. 637 Folder cannot be deleted. The path name is invalid. 638 Folder cannot be deleted. It failed in the deletion of the file. Please confirm the following. - Media is correctly installed. - Media is formatted. - Media is not read-only. 639 Folder cannot be copied. Please confirm the following. - Media is correctly installed. - Media is formatted. - Media is not read-only.
20.2 Error Messages 1 Code Message 711 File cannot be retrieved. Invalid distance range 712 File cannot be retrieved. Invalid pulse width 713 File cannot be retrieved. Invalid sampling points 714 File cannot be retrieved. Distance range exceeds 400km. 715 File cannot be retrieved. Sampling intervals exceed 64m. 716 File cannot be retrieved. Actual averaging times or duration is not set. 717 Duplicate file name. 718 File is damaged. Check the file. 719 File name too long.
20.2 Error Messages Code Message 904 Hardware failed, and needs to be repaired. Please contact Yokogawa’s representatives. 905 Battery error. Please replace the battery. 906 Battery is low. The instrument will be powered off in 10 sec. 907 Battery temperature is too high. The instrument will be powered off in 10 sec. Please do not power it on till the battery is cooled down. 908 Battery temperature is too low. The instrument may be damaged if it is kept using in this condition.
1 20.3 Self Test 2 Procedure 3 Carry out the steps below to perform a self test. 1. Press the OTDR soft key. The optical pulse measurement display appears. 4 2. Press the Next 1/2 soft key. 3. Press the System soft key. 5 4. Press the Self Test soft key. The self test starts. 6 7 8 9 10 Note 11 A message is displayed when the self test is complete. 12 Explanation The self test checks the operation of the following items.
20.4 Updating the Firmware Procedure The firmware in the AQ7270/AQ7275 can be updated if the firmware version is updated such as when a new function is added. The following are two ways of updating the firmware. • Update from the version upgrade menu. • Start up in the dedicated screen There are two firmware programs: a main program that provides the functions of the AQ7270/AQ7275 and a boot program that starts the system. Updating from the version upgrade menu 1. Press the OTDR soft key. 2.
20.4 Updating the Firmware 1 Starting Up in the Dedicated Screen Updating the Main Program 2 1. Store the updated program file in the root directory of a USB memory. 2. Connect the AC adapter to the AQ7270/AQ7275 and connect the power plug to an outlet. 3. Press the power switch while holding down F1. The AQ7270/AQ7275 starts and the update screen appears. 4. Connect the USB memory to the USB connector (Type A) of the AQ7270/AQ7275. 3 4 5 5. Check that the access lamp of the USB memory turns OFF. 6.
20.5 Mechanical Inspection WARNING Turn the power OFF when you are performing an inspection. CAUTION • Operation errors or malfunction may result if a foreign object is clogged in the various connectors. • If the connectors are loose, the AQ7270/AQ7275 may not operate correctly. • If there are problems, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. Check the following items. • Check that there is no damage or deformation in the external appearance.
1 20.6 Checking the Operation 2 Checking the Operation of the Switches Turn the power ON, operate all the switches once, and check that the AQ7270/AQ7275 operates correctly. 4 Checking the Operation of the Internal Printer (Option) 1. Load paper in the internal printer. 2. Press the paper feed button, and check that the printer paper is fed correctly. 3. Show the screen to be printed on the LCD. 5 6 4. Check that the displayed screen can be printed.
20.7 Replacing the Battery Pack WARNING • Because the electrolyte solution inside the battery pack is alkaline, harm can be done to the clothes or skin, if the battery pack leaks or explodes and the solution comes in contact. If the electrolyte solution enters the eye, it can cause blindness. In such cases, do not rub the eye. Rinse thoroughly with water and immediately consult your eye doctor.
20.7 Replacing the Battery Pack 1 Removing the Battery Pack 1. Turn the power switch OFF and remove the AC adapter. 2 2. Push up the battery pack cover lock. 3. Pull out the battery pack cover while pushing the lock up. 3 4. Pull out the battery pack. 4 5 6 Push up 7 Pull out 8 9 10 Loading the Battery Pack 1. Push up the battery pack cover lock. 11 2. Pull out the battery pack cover while pushing the lock up. 3. Insert the battery pack. Pay attention to the direction. 12 4.
20.7 Replacing the Battery Pack Charging the Battery Pack A warning message appears when the battery level is low. If you see the message, charge the battery pack. 1. Connect the AC adapter to the AQ7270/AQ7275. 2. Connect the power cord to the AC adapter. 3. Insert the power plug to an outlet. The CHARGE lamp on the AQ7270/AQ7275 illuminates(Green). The battery level is displayed at the top section of the screen.
1 20.8 Replacing the Optical Adapter 2 3 WARNING • Do not replace the optical adapter while the power is turned ON. If the laser light enters the eye, it may cause damage to the eye or eyesight. • Close the cover for the optical connector that is not in use. On models with two optical connectors, if you are using only one of the connectors and you leave the other optical connector open, the laser light from the other optical connector may enter the eye. 4 5 6 7 Removing the Optical Adapter 1.
20.8 Replacing the Optical Adapter Installing the Optical Adapter 1. Open the optical connector cover at the top of the AQ7270/AQ7275. 2. Insert the optical adapter straight into the rear shell. 3. Tip the lock lever of the optical adapter outward to lock. Good example Note When inserting the optical adapter, insert it slowly and straight. If you swing the optical adapter left or right or remove it by force, the optical adapter or the ferrule section of the optical connector may break.
1 20.9 Routine Maintenance 2 Cleaning the Outside of the Instrument Wipe dirt from the LCD and the outer case using a cloth containing water or lukewarm water that has been wrung well. Then, wipe with a dry cloth. 4 Note • • • 3 Turn the power OFF when you are cleaning the instrument. Using chemicals such as benzene, thinner, or alcohol will cause deformation and discoloration of the outer case. Wring the cloth well so that water does not enter the instrument.
20.10 Storage Precautions Before Storing the AQ7270/AQ7275 Clean the AQ7270/AQ7275 before storage. Note For details on cleaning, see section 20.9. Storage Conditions Store the AQ7270/AQ7275 under the following conditions. • A location in which the temperature and humidity are within the allowed range. • A location where the temperature and humidity changes are small throughout the day. • A location not in direct sunlight. • A location with little dust • A location free of corrosive gases.
1 20.11 Recommended Replacement Parts 2 The one-year warranty applies only to the main unit of the instrument (starting from the day of delivery) and does not cover any other items nor expendable items (items which wear out). Contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer to have parts replaced. Parts Name Replacement Period Notes Internal printer Equivalent to printing of 3000 rolls of roll paper (part No.
20.12 Calibration Periodic calibration is a good way to maintain the performance of the instrument over an extended period and to find problems in an early stage. We recommend that the AQ7270/AQ7275 be calibrated once a year.
Chapter 21 Specifications 1 21.1 Models 2 Specifications Model 735020 Wavelength 1550 nm Dynamic Range 32 dB 735021 1650 nm 30 dB 735022 1310 nm 1550 nm 34 dB 32 dB 735023 1310 nm 1550 nm 40 dB 38 dB 735024 1550 nm 1625 nm 38 dB 35 dB 735025 1310 nm 1490 nm 1550 nm 34 dB 30 dB 32 dB 735026 1310 nm 1550 nm 1625 nm 34 dB 32 dB 28 dB 735027 1310 nm 1550 nm 1650 nm 34 dB 32 dB 30 dB 735028 1310 nm 1550 nm 1625 nm 40 dB 38 dB 35 dB 735029 850 nm 1300 nm 22.5 dB (GI (62.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735020 Item Specifications Center wavelength Applicable fiber Event dead zone*5, 11 Attenuation dead zone*6, 11 Dynamic range (min.)*4 Light source (optical output) Optical power monitor (input level) Optical power monitor (accuracy)*3 1550 nm ± 25 nm SM (ITU-T G.652) 0.8 m (max.) 8 m (typ.) 32 dB –5 dBm or more (/LS option) –50 dBm to –5 dBm (/PM option) ±0.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735024 1 Item Specifications Center wavelength Applicable fiber Event dead zone*5, 11 Attenuation dead zone*6, 11 Dynamic range (min.)*4 Light source (optical output) Optical power monitor (input level) Optical power monitor (accuracy)*3 1550 nm ± 25 nm, 1625 nm ± 25 nm SM (ITU-T G.652) 0.8 m (max.) 8 m (typ.)@1550 nm, 12 m(typ.)@1625 nm 38 dB@1550 nm, 35 dB@1625 nm –5 dBm or more (/LS option) –50 dBm to –5 dBm (/PM option) ±0.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735028 Item Specifications Center wavelength Applicable fiber Event dead zone*5, 11 Attenuation dead zone*6, 11 Dynamic range (min.)*4 Light source (optical output) Optical power monitor (input level) Optical power monitor (accuracy)*3 1310 nm ± 25 nm, 1550 nm ± 25 nm, 1625 nm ± 25 nm SM (ITU-T G.652) 0.8 m (max.) 7 m (typ.)@1310 nm, 8 m (typ.)@1550 nm, 12 m (typ)@1625 nm 40 dB@1310 nm, 38 dB@1550 nm, 35 dB@1625 nm –5 dBm or more (/LS option) –50 dBm to –5 dBm (/PM option) ±0.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735033 Item 1 Specifications 1310 nm ± 25 nm, 1550 nm ± 25 nm SM (ITU-T G.652) 0.8 m (max.) (0.8(typ.) if the suffix code is /PN) 7 m (typ.)@1310 nm, 8 m(typ.)@1550 nm 40 dB@1310 nm, 38 dB@1550 nm, 23dB@1310 nm (/PN option)*15, 21dB@1550 nm (/PN option)*15 if the suffix code is /PN)Light source (optical output) –5 dBm or more (/SLS option) Light source (output level stability) ±0.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735037 Item Specifications Center wavelength 1310 nm ± 25 nm, 1550 nm ± 25 nm, 1650 nm ± 5 nm*1, ± 10 nm*2 ≤15 dBm (max.)@1650 nm SM (ITU-T G.652) 0.8 m (max.) 7 m (typ.)@1310 nm, 8 m (typ.)@1550 nm, 12 m (typ)@1650 nm 40 dB@1310 nm, 38 dB@1550 nm, 30 dB@1650 nm –5 dBm or more (/SLS option) ±0.1 dB@1310 nm, 1550 nm (/SLS option) ±0.15 dB@1650 nm (/SLS option) –50 dBm to –5 dBm (/PM option) ±0.
21.2 Optical Section MODEL 735040 1 Item Specifications Center wavelength Applicable fiber 850 nm ± 30 nm, 1300 nm ± 30 nm, 1310 nm ± 25 nm, 1550 nm ± 25 nm GI (62.5/125mm) when using the MMF port SM (ITU-T G.652) when using the SMF port 2 m (typ.)@850/1300 nm*9,12, 0.8 m@1310/1550 nm*5 7 m (typ.)@850 nm*12, 13, 10 m (typ.)@1300 nm*12, 13, 7 m (typ.)@1310 nm*6, 8 m (typ.)@1550 nm*6 22.
21.3 General Specifications General Specifications Item Specifications Display 8.4-inch color TFT (640 × 480 dots) Distance range *1 500 m, 1 km, 2 km, 5 km, 10 km, 20 km, 50 km, 100 km, 200 km, 300 km, 400 km, 512 km *6 Reading resolution 1 cm min. Sampling resolution 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm, 1 m, 2 m, 4 m, 8 m, 16 m, 32 m Number of data samples Up to 50000 points Group refraction index 1.30000 to 1.79999 (0.
21.3 General Specifications Item Emission Complying standard Cable conditions 1 Specifications EN61326-1 Class A EN55011 Class A, Group 1 EN61000-3-2 EN61000-3-3 This instrument is a Class A (for industrial environment) product. Operation of this product in a residential area may cause radio interference in which case the user is required to correct the interference. C-Tick EN55011 Class A, Group 1 • USB Use a shielded cable. Use cables of length 3 m or less.
21.4 External Dimensions Unit: mm Unless otherwise specified, tolerance is ±3% (however, tolerance is ±0.3 mm when below 10 mm).
Appendix Appendix 1 1 Terminology 2 Attenuation The amplification level of the amplifier built into the AQ7270/AQ7275. The amplification level increases as the displayed attenuation value decreases. Waveforms with good S/N ratio can be acquired with small attenuation values. However, the waveform may saturate in a section with high reflection levels. Select the amplification level best suited to the DUT.
Appendix 1 Terminology S/N LSA Far end OTDR An abbreviation for signal-to-noise ratio. The expression “S/N is poor’ indicates that the waveform contains a high level of noise components. An abbreviation for Least Squares Approximation. The far end and its surrounding area of the optical fiber cable. If the end of the optical fiber cable cannot be detected due to noise, far end indicates the cross point of the noise and optical fiber and its surrounding area.
Appendix 1 Terminology Backscattering Light When light propagates through the optical fiber cable, a phenomenon called Rayleigh Scattering occurs due to the nonuniformity of the density or constituents of materials smaller than the wavelength unit. The scattered light that is transmitted opposite to the direction of propagation is called backscattering light.
Appendix 1 Terminology Dynamic Range The backscattering light level that the AQ7270/AQ7275 can measure. Measured waveform Dynamic range Dynamic range (SNR=1) Noise peak 2.6 dB Dead Zone RMS level of noise A location where measurements cannot be performed due to effects such as Fresnel reflection. The following types of dead zones are available. • Event Dead Zone A zone in which the reflection cannot be measured because a larger reflection is present. A zone defined by a pulse width whose level is 1.
Appendix 1 Terminology Return Loss Reflection Point Pulse Width Fresnel Reflection Resolution Label The return loss (RL) is a ratio of the total optical power (Pr) that is reflected by optical parts or optical fiber cables with respect to the incident optical power (Pi) expressed in decibels. It is calculated using the following equation. RL = –10log(Pr/Pi) [dB] A location where reflection is detected such as a location where the optical fiber cable is connected.
Appendix 2 Key Assignments for the USB104 Keyboard Correspondence between panel keys and USB104 keyboard entry keys Panel keys USB keyboard entry keys MENU Hold down the Ctrl key and press m SETUP Hold down the Ctrl key and press Enter SCALE Hold down the Ctrl key and press s REALTIME Hold down the Ctrl key and press r AVG Hold down the Ctrl key and press a FILE Hold down the Ctrl key and press f FILE (PRINT) Hold down the Ctrl key and press p F1 F1 F2 F2 F3 F3 F4 F4 F5 F5 ▲ (Cro
Appendix 3 1 Example of file input/output 2 Example of inputting user-defined strings created on the PC 3 4 5 Example of CSV file output 6 CSV (waveform) 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 CSV (event) 15 16 17 18 19 Appendix 20 21 App IM 735020-01E App-7 Index
1 Index 2 Symbol Page (1) ........................................................................................ 11-4 (2) ........................................................................................ 11-4 (3) ........................................................................................ 11-4 2-way trace ......................................................................... 13-8 270 Hz ................................................................................
Index G Page grid display ....................................................................... 19-14 group refraction index ............................ 2-11, 6-17, 6-19, App-2 H Page hand belt bracket .................................................................. 1-4 high reflection ..................................................................... 6-13 high resolution .................................................................... 6-12 high resolution measurement .....................
Index 1 splice loss ....................................................... 6-21, 12-1, App-3 splice loss due to fusion ..................................................... 2-10 S point ................................................................................ 12-4 stabilized light source ......................................................... 15-1 stand ..................................................................................... 1-2 storage (Type B) .....................................
