User’s Manual AQ7280 OTDR IM AQ7280-01EN 7th Edition
Thank you for purchasing the AQ7280 OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer). This user’s manual explains the features, operating procedures, and handling precautions of the AQ7280. To ensure correct use, please read this manual thoroughly before beginning operation. Keep this manual in a safe place for quick reference in the event that a question arises. The AQ7280 comes with the following manuals. Please read all manuals. List of Manuals Manual Title AQ7280 OTDR User’s Manual (included in CD) Manual No.
Conventions Used in This Manual Notes The notes and cautions in this manual are categorized using the following symbols. Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must refer to the user's manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the user's manual to identify those instructions.
Contents 1 List of Manuals....................................................................................................................................i Conventions Used in This Manual..................................................................................................... ii Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 IM AQ7280-01EN 2 Features 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Overview.............................................................................................
Contents Chapter 6 File Operation and Printing Chapter 7 System Configuration Chapter 8 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 :8.8 :8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 Connecting USB Storage Media to the USB Ports.................................................................. 6-1 Connecting an SD Card....................................................................................................
Chapter 1 1.1 Features Overview 1 The AQ7280 consists of a mainframe and OTDR unit. If necessary, an OPM module can be installed into the mainframe to measure loss in optical fiber cables and view the power of communication light. An VLS module can be installed to visually check the fault location.
1.1 Overview OTDR Unit Install the OTDR unit into the mainframe to use the AQ7280 as an OTDR. There are several types of OTDR units available for different wavelengths, dynamic ranges, and the like. You can choose the one that suits your application. Based on user input through the mainframe, the light emitter (LD; laser diode) is driven, and the generated optical pulse is emitted from the OTDR port into the optical fiber cable under measurement.
1.1 Overview • Real-time Measurement • Multi-core Optical Fiber Cable Measurement Multi-core fiber measurement takes time and effort. This feature makes it possible to efficiently measure multi-core optical fiber cables through a dedicated menu. To use several measurement functions such as power meter and connector end face testing in addition to OTDR (optical pulse measurement), start Multi Fiber Project from the top menu.
1.1 Overview Optical Power Meter Feature Optical Power Meter (OPM module) This is used as an optical power meter for measuring optical loss or for measuring the power of communication light. It measures the power of the light entering the optical input port of the OPM module. By logging and graphing the fluctuation in the optical power value, you can view the fluctuation in the optical power and loss.
1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement 1 Features The AQ7280 applies an incident optical pulse to the connected optical fiber cable and measures the power level of the reflected light from the different sections of the optical fiber cable such as its connections, bent sections, and the open end of the fiber. The AQ7280 uses the measured power level to determine the distance to the different points (splices, breaks, etc.) of the optical fiber cable and the loss and other phenomena that occur at those points.
1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement Icon Display of Results after Averaged Measurement (/SMP option) The AQ7280 can perform an averaged measurement and then automatically display the measured result events as icons on the screen. Detailed event analysis results are displayed along with the displayed icons. In addition, if pass/fail judgment specified, icons are displayed in different colors depending on the results.
1.2 Optical Pulse Measurement 1 Optical Pulse Measurement of Multi-core Optical Fiber Cables Features Multi-core fiber measurement takes time and effort. This feature makes it possible to efficiently measure multi-core optical fiber cables through a dedicated menu. 2 Projects Items required to make multi-core optical fiber cable measurements such as measurement conditions, analysis conditions, and core information are managed as projects.
1.3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display You can display the measured result as a waveform on the screen. You can zoom the displayed waveform and move the position that is displayed. How to View Optical Pulse Waveforms The optical pulse applied to the optical fiber cable is reflected at different points of the optical fiber such as its connections, bent sections, and the open end of the fiber. These sections generate loss.
1.3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display Splice Loss Reflection at the Connection Point of Connectors Using a connector to connect two optical fibers is different from splicing them together in that a small gap remains between the two fibers. Because this gap has a different index of refraction, reflection occurs.
1.4 Optical Pulse Analysis Waveform Analysis You can use cursors and markers to measure values such as the distance, splice loss, and return loss between two points. Measuring Distance The AQ 7280 measures the time that it takes for an incident optical pulse to be reflected and return to the device. It uses this information and the following equation to calculate the distance (L). L=C×T/(2N) [m] C : The speed of light in a vacuum 2.
1.4 Optical Pulse Analysis Dead Zone • Event Dead Zone An area where adjacent reflections cannot be separated. This is the area represented by the pulse width between the two points on the waveform at the level that is 1.5 dB below the peak value. • Attenuation Dead Zone An area where, because there is a large reflection, the surrounding splice losses cannot be measured.
1.4 Optical Pulse Analysis 4-point Method The AQ7280 uses the following four points to perform the measurement: the measurement start point 1 , the splice loss start point 2 , the splice loss end point Y2, and the measurement end point 3 . At position 2 , the level difference between the approximated line 2 – 1 and the approximated line Y2– 3 is calculated as the splice loss. The splice loss changes greatly depending on the position of 2 . Set the correct position for 2 .
1.4 Optical Pulse Analysis 1 Return Loss or Reflection Level RL = –10log(Pr/Pi) [dB] Reflection level is the reflected optical power level expressed in decibels. This can be displayed only when the language is set to Japanese in the system settings. Features Return loss RL is the ratio, in dB, of the reflected optical power level Pr to the incident optical power level Pi. It is calculated using the following equation. The larger the return loss, the smaller the reflected optical power.
1.4 Optical Pulse Analysis Differential Trace You can load two waveforms that have been measured on the AQ7280 and display their difference as a waveform. The screen can display the loaded waveforms and the differential trace simultaneously. The differential trace is the result of subtracting the values of the current trace from those of the other trace. You can use markers to read the following values of the differential trace.
1.5 Light Source and Optical Power Meter 1 The loss-measurement light source feature can be applied to models with the /SLS option of the OTDR unit. The following measurement light wavelengths can be generated.
1.6 File Operation and Printing File Operation Measured results (waveform data, screen images, etc.), measurement and analysis conditions, system settings, and the like can be saved as files to internal memory or external memory (USB memory and SD card). You can efficiently configure multiple AQ7280s to the same conditions by loading a file containing measurement and analysis conditions, system settings, and the like. In addition, the AQ7280 can save measured waveform data as PDF data in report format.
1.6 File Operation and Printing Copying and Deleting Files Features You can copy or delete all the files and folders in the internal memory or external memory. You can also copy or delete selected files or folders. 1 2 Renaming Files You can rename existing files and folders. Creating Folders You can create a folder with a name of your choice in which optical pulse measurement results are saved automatically.
1.7 System Features Power-Save Mode To suppress battery consumption, you can set the screen brightness and a screen saver. You can set different screen brightness levels for battery operation and AC adapter operation. LCD Brightness You can select from four brightness levels (including OFF). You can choose the appropriate level depending on the ambient light during outdoor use.
1.7 System Features 1 Network Settings (/LAN option) Features You can use the Ethernet port to send communication commands from a PC to the AQ7280 or download measured results in the AQ7280 internal memory to a PC. User Name and Password 2 Set user names and passwords for authenticating connections from PCs to the AQ7280. Timeout Period If a communication command is not sent from a PC or measured results are not downloaded within the timeout period, the AQ7280 releases the network connection.
1.7 System Features File List Setting You can select how file lists are displayed. Detail, file name only, user defined USB (TypeB_mini) You can use USB port type B to send communication commands from a PC to the AQ7280 or download measured results from the AQ7280 internal memory or SD card to a PC. SD Card with a Wireless LAN Function (FlashAir) Auto Timeout Value You can set the FlashAir auto timeout value.
Chapter 2 2.1 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 2 Setup Menu Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press SETUP to display the Setup menu. 3 Set the measurement mode (Simple, Detail, PON). 4 Set the measurement conditions. 5 Set the analysis conditions. 6 Configure the waveform display. See section 3.2. 7 Configure the system. See chapter 7.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Setting Measurement Conditions in Simple Mode Press the Meas Setup soft key to display the following screen. Set the wavelength (850nm, 1300nm, 1310nm, 1383nm, 1490nm, 1550nm, 1625nm, 1650nm, Multi WL). The available options vary depending on the OTDR unit. Set auto save (OFF, ON). Select a drive (Int. Memory, SD card, USB memory 1, USB memory 2). Selectable when auto save is ON.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 Setting Analysis Conditions in Simple Mode Press the Analysis Setup soft key to display the following screen. 2 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 3 Set the end of fiber (3dB to 65dB). Set the approximation method (LSA, TPA). 4 5 6 End of Fiber If a reflection that exceeds the specified threshold occurs, it is detected as the end of the optical fiber cable (Fresnel reflection). The range is 3 dB to 65 dB.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions TPA The AQ7280 uses the difference between the levels of the two specified points to calculate the loss. The level of fluctuation and reproducibility in the calculated value may vary greatly. If events such as reflections and splice losses are present in the section being calculated, the TPA provides a value that has a smaller degree of error than the LSA.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 Setting Measurement Conditions in Detail Mode Press the Meas Setup soft key to display the following screen. 2 Set the distance range1 (Auto, 200m, 500m, 1km, 2km, 5km, 10km, 20km, 30km, 50km, 100km, 200km, 300km, 400km, 512km). Set the high SNR mode (OFF, ON). Set the sample interval (Normal, High Resolution). Set the attenuation1 (Auto, 0.00dB, 2.50dB, 5.00dB, 7.50dB, 10.00dB, 12.50dB, 15.00dB, 17.50dB, 20.00dB, 22.50dB, 25.00dB, 27.50dB, 30.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Distance Range Set the distance range according to the length of the optical fiber cable. The distance range that you can select varies depending on the wavelength. Specify a distance range value that is greater than the length of the optical fiber cable that you will measure. If you specify a shorter value, the AQ7280 will not be able to perform measurements properly. The longer the distance that you specify, the more time measurements will take.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 Sample Interval Attenuation If large reflections are caused by connectors or by breaks in the optical fiber cable, the waveform may be saturated. Specify attenuation to prevent the waveform from being saturated. The attenuations that you can select vary depending on the pulse width, as shown in the following table. Pulse Width (Example) 3 ns to 20 ns 30 ns to 50ns 100 ns to 5 µs 10 µs to 20 µs Selectable Attenuations 0 dB, 2.50 dB, 5.00 dB, 7.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Average Unit Duration: Measurements are performed only over the specified duration. If you specify a short duration, depending on the measurement conditions, measurements may not have finished when the specified time elapses. Times: Measurements are performed only the specified number of times. Average Count and Average Duration You can select the following values.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 Auto Save Using the rotary knob and ENTER, set Auto Save to OFF or ON. The following screen appears. 2 Set auto save (OFF, ON). Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Select a drive (Int. Memory, SD card, USB Memory 1, USB Memory 2). Selectable when auto save is ON. 3 Set the mode (Date, UserDefine). Selectable when auto save is ON. 4 Select the save destination folder. A file list appears.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Setting Analysis Conditions in Detail Mode Press the Analysis Setup soft key to display the following screen. Set the index of refraction (1.30000 to 1.7999). Set the backscatter level For a pulse width* of 1 μs: –10.00 dB to –64.99 dB For a pulse width* of 1 ns –40.00 dB to –94.99 dB *: the reference pulse width for the backscatter level Set the splice loss (0.01dB to 9.99dB). Set the return loss (20dB to 70dB). Set the end of fiber (3dB to 65dB).
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Wavelength 850 nm 1300 nm 1310 nm 1383 nm 1 μs Pulse Width –37 dB –44 dB ‒50 dB ‒51 dB 1 ns Pulse Width –67 dB –74 dB ‒80 dB ‒81dB Wavelength 1490 nm 1550 nm 1625 nm 1650 nm 1 μs Pulse Width ‒52 dB ‒52 dB ‒53 dB ‒53 dB 1 ns Pulse Width ‒82 dB ‒82 dB ‒83 dB ‒83 dB Event Search Conditions Connector Loss/Splice Loss If a connector loss or a splice loss that exceeds the specified threshold occurs, it is detected as an event. The range is 0.01 dB to 9.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Advanced Analysis Pass Fail Judgement Using the rotary knob and ENTER, set Pass Fail Judgement to Setup[OFF] or Setup[ON]. The following screen appears. Turns the pass/fail judgment on and off. When the pass/fail judgment is ON, you can select the following items. Set the judgment information (Hide, Display) Set the connector loss threshold (0.01dB to 9.99dB). Set the splice loss threshold (0.01dB to 9.99dB). Set the return loss threshold (20dB to 70dB).
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions 1 Connector Loss, Splice Loss, Return Loss, Splitter Loss, dB/km, Total Loss Set the threshold values that are used to display fail judgment events. • Connector Loss Values greater than the threshold value are judged as fail. The range is 0.01 dB to 9.99 dB. 2 • Splice Loss Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Values greater than the threshold value are judged as fail. The range is 0.01 dB to 9.99 dB.
2.1 Setting the Measurement and Analysis Conditions Setting Measurement Conditions in PON Mode Press the Meas Setup soft key to display the following screen. Set the number of splitter stages (1, 2). Set the route (ONU Set the wavelength. See pages 2-2 and 2-5. OLT, OLT ONU). Opens the detail screen Set measurement items. Set the number of splitter splits (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128). The settings change to values that are suitable for the measurement of the specified number of stages and splits.
2.2 Performing Averaged Measurements 1 2 • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.2 Performing Averaged Measurements When the averaged measurement completes in accordance with the specified conditions, the measurement stops automatically, and the screen switches to the OTDR menu. During multi wavelength measurement, when the averaged measurement of all waveforms completes, the measurement stops automatically. To stop the averaged measurement in progress, press AVG. Explanation Averaged Measurement A progress bar is displayed during averaged measurement.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) 2 • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) Setting the Measurement Conditions Press the Meas Setup soft key to display the following screen. Set the number of splitter stages (None, 1, 2). Set the wavelength. See pages 2-2 and 2-5. Adapt trace (OFF, ON) Set the number of splitter splits (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128). Set the route (ONU OLT, OLT ONU). Opens the detail screen Set measurement items. For details on measurement items, see pages 2-6 to 2-9.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) 1 Setting Analysis Conditions Press the Analysis Setup soft key to display the following screen. 2 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Set the splitter and wavelength. See “Setting Measurement Conditions” on the previous page. 3 4 For details on analysis items, see pages 2-10 to 2-13. 5 Starting and Stopping Measurements 3. Press AVG.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) Checking and Editing Waveforms Press the Open Trace soft key to display the following screen. Edit the waveform. You can edit the Adapt Trace waveform. Edit or fix events. See section 4.2. You cannot edit event markers. Waveform display screen Returns to the previous screen Pulse width of the measured Adapt Trace waveform Editing Waveforms Press the Waveform Edit soft key to display the following screen.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) 1 Explanation Event Icon Display The following events are displayed using icons. The icon border is usually gray.
2.3 Performing Averaged Measurement and Displaying the Results with Icons (/SMP option) Adapt Trace (Waveform editing) In an optical fiber cable measurement, reducing the pulse width of optical pulse measurement increases the measurement resolution of the waveform in the near-end section but causes the optical pulse to attenuate in the far-end section, preventing correct measurement.
2.4 Performing Averaged Measurement and Measuring the Distances to Breaks 1 2 • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.4 Performing Averaged Measurement and Measuring the Distances to Breaks 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select the route to be measured. The Select Route screen closes. Fault Locator Screen 3. Press AVG. The measurement begins, and the measurement waveform is displayed on the screen. When the averaged measurement completes, the distance to a break is automatically displayed. Cursor position from the distance reference See section 4.1. Distance to a break Selected route Set the wavelength.
2.4 Performing Averaged Measurement and Measuring the Distances to Breaks 1 Explanation Selecting the Route Before starting the fault locator feature, you can select the route in which to search for breaks. After confirming the route, press ENTER. The optimal measurement conditions for the selected route will automatically be selected. 2 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 3 4 Normal Measures between the OLT and ONU. This route does not have an optical splitter.
2.4 Performing Averaged Measurement and Measuring the Distances to Breaks How to View Fault Points of Multi Split Routes (OLT->Splitter->ONU) If the route is set to OLT->Splitter->ONU, the number of connected ONUs will be equal to the number of splits. As such, to determine which route each fault point belongs to, you need to check the events on the displayed waveform.
2.5 Performing Real-time Measurement 1 2 • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.5 Performing Real-time Measurement Cable Installation Completion Notification 1. On the OTDR menu, press the Advanced Measurement soft key and then the Work Completion Notice soft key. The following screen appears. Turns the completion notification on or off Turns the message display on or off Turns the alarm on or off Set the confirmation (No Check, Check only once, Check everytime). 2. Set Notification to ON. 3. Set Message to ON. 4. Press REAL TIMEto start a measurement.
2.5 Performing Real-time Measurement 1 Explanation Real-time Measurement Cable Installation Completion Notification Before you check whether the work is complete, move the cursor slightly after the extension work point or before the work completion point on the optical fiber cable, and turn on the work completion notification.
2.6 Performing High Resolution Measurement WARNING • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.6 Performing High Resolution Measurement 1 Setting the Sampling Interval 5. Press the Sampling Interval soft key to set the sampling interval. The waveform measured at the specified sampling interval is displayed. 2 Moves the current measurement scope to the right Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Set the sampling interval (Normal, High Reso., 2cm, 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 50cm, 1m, 2m, 4m, 8m, 16m, 32m).
2.6 Performing High Resolution Measurement Explanation In normal measurement, the sampling interval is set so that data can be sampled at all distances according to the specified distance range. The maximum number of data samples on the AQ7280 is 256000 (when the distance range is 512 km). Therefore, if the distance range is large (e.g., 400km), the sampling interval becomes long, and events occurring between samples cannot be analyzed in detail. Waveform zooming explained in section 3.
2.7 Displaying Reference Trace Waveforms 1 You can measure waveforms while retaining the previous waveform on the screen (a reference trace). The AQ7280 displays the measurement waveform and the reference trace waveform at the same time. Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Procedure 3 Reference Trace Screen 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Display the waveform on the screen. Press the Reference Trace soft key and then the Set 4 Reference Trace soft key.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement WARNING • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement 1 Entering Measurement Core Information Press the Project Setup soft key to display the following screen. Set the project name. A character input dialog box will open. 2 Set the starting core number (1 to 9900). Set the number of cores or tapes (1 to 2000). Not selected: The selectable range of number of cores is 1 to 100. Selected: The selectable range of number of cores is 100 to 2000.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement When the number of cores exceeds 100 Folder for saving measurement result files (number of cores 1 to 100) 1310 nm_0001.SOR 1310 nm_0002.SOR Measurement result files (.SOR extension) are automatically named and saved. * For the file name type setting, see “File Name Typeˮ later in this section. Internal Memory Folder for saving measurement result files (number of cores 101 to 200) DATA MPJ Measurement result files (.SOR extension) 1310 nm_0101.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Number of Cores in Each Division When Tape No is set to OFF, you can set the number of columns shown on the main view screen. If you will set the number of cores to 97 or higher, first set Num of Units to 10 cores. 8 cores 10 cores 1 2 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 3 4 8 columns 10 columns File Name Type Set the file name type for measurement result files (.SOR extension) to one of the following options. • WL + No. Example: 1310 nm_0001.SOR • No.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Main View Screen 1. From the top menu, select Multi Fiber Project to display the following screen. The cell of the core number of the previous project (96 core/100 core) Saved result indication Blue: Measured data saved Green: Measured data saved, pass judgment Red: Measured data saved, fail judgment The drive/folder name/project name of the current project Core numbers set to Skip are not displayed.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement 1 Averaged Measurement 3. Press AVE to start an averaged measurement. The screen shows the measurement waveform, and the Average menu appears. During measurement, a mark appears at the top of the display to indicate that the laser light is on. 3 Cannot be selected during measurement. Create labels. You can enter a label for each core.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement • If Event Search is set to Auto, after measurement is complete, the event screen and event analysis menu appear. Real-time Measurement 3. Press REAL TIME to start the measurement of “Wavelength 1.” The screen shows the measurement waveform, and the RealTime menu appears. During measurement, a mark appears at the top of the display to indicate that the laser light is on. Set markers. See section 4.1. Cannot be selected during measurement. Create labels.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement 1 Optical Power Measurement 3. Tap a core number to display a measurement item menu. 4. Tap Power Meter to display the following screen. 2 For details on how to operate the optical power meter, see section 5.2. Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) 3 4 5 Returns to the main view screen 6 Measured results that have been saved Core number being measured 7 5. Press the Save soft key. Up to three sets of measured data will be saved.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Previewing Measured Results Using the arrow keys or the rotary knob, move the cursor to a core number cell with a pass/fail judgment result indication on the main view screen. The preview area at the bottom of the screen displays the measurement conditions, measurement date, and the measurement result waveform of the selected core number. For details on pass/fail judgment, see page 2-12.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement 1 Creating a New Project Press the New Project soft key. A character input dialog box will open. Enter a project name by following the procedure provided in “Entering Character Strings” in the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. Tap Enter on the character input dialog box to display the following screen.
2.8 Performing Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Loading a Project An MPJ file created using the “multi-core fiber project editor” feature included in the AQ7932 OTDR Emulation Software can be loaded in to the AQ7280. Note • • 2-44 On the AQ7280, you can only create projects whose measurement conditions of all cores are the same. The “multi-core fiber project editor” can be used to create projects whose measurement conditions are different for each core.
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) 1 2 • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) Setting the Schedule Press the Schedule Measurement soft key to display the following screen. Set the measurement interval (min) (1 to 60). Set the duration (days) (1 to 120). Select a drive (Int. Memory, SD Card, USB Memory1, USB Memory2). Set the start time (OFF, ON). Set the start date. Set the start time. Executes initialization Initializes the schedule settings to factory default values. Interval (min) Set the interval to measure optical pulses.
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) 1 Main View Screen 1. From the top menu, select Schedule Measurement to display the following screen. Name of the file currently being saved to 2 Schedule-measurement-in-progress indication Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Time remaining until the next optical pulse measurement Scale value 3 Select the displayed information (Logging, Trace). Switch the trace on which to place the cursor (Trace 1, Trace 2, Trace 3, Trace 4).
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) Note The following operations cannot be performed when optical pulse measurement is in progress. • Moving the cursors • Switching the display (between waveform and logging) • Auxiliary function Switch the Trace on Which to Place the Cursor Switches the logging data to display on the screen. If the monitor item is set to off as described later in “Setting Display Items,” Trace is not displayed.
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) 1 Setting Points 4. Press a point setting soft key to dislay a point setup menu. 2 Optical Pulse Measurement (OTDR) Sets point A Sets point A at the cursor position. 3 Sets point B Sets point B at the cursor position. 4 Sets point C Sets point C at the cursor position. Sets point D Sets point D at the cursor position. 5 Clears the point display 6 Setting Display Items 5. Press the Display Item soft key to display the following screen.
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) • Monitoring Measured Values between Markers (Splice loss, return loss, loss( 1 – 2 ), dB/km( 1 – 2 ), loss( 2 – 3 ), dB/km( 2 – 3 )) To display monitor items, you need to set markers. Averaged measurement and real-time measurement can be performed even when the schedule measurement screen is displayed. Connect the optical fiber cable to be monitored and execute an optical pulse measurement. Then set the markers necessary for item display (events).
2.9 Monitoring Optical Fiber Cables (/MNT option) Schedule Data (Logging graph data) Loading Schedule Data If the CSV file and SOR waveform data during the scheduled period are saved in a similar file and folder configuration as described above, you will be able to analyze the graph and waveform again when the CSV file is loaded into the AQ7280. Note • • Set the average duration in the measurement conditions to a value other than Auto.
2.10 Using Convenient Touch Operation Features The AQ7280 screen is a touch panel. On the screen, there are several setup menus and measurement functions that you can access through the touch panel. You can start a different function while a measurement function is running or view the waveform by zooming in. Screen (OTDR) Expands or reduces the waveform amplitude span (vertical scale) and distance (horizontal scale). Drag to display the setup menu.
2.10 Using Convenient Touch Operation Features 1 Starting the Light Source or Optical Power Meter (Utility menu) When an optical pulse measurement is in progress, you can use the OPM module or VLS module that is installed in the AQ7280. Tap a function name to start the operation screen for the optical power meter, light source, and so on.
2.10 Using Convenient Touch Operation Features For details on how to operate the OPM module and VLS module, see the following sections. • Optical power meter: Section 5.2 • Power checker: Section 5.2 • Light source, visible light source: Section 5.1 • Fiber end face inspection probe: Section 8.6 Changing the Scale You can set the waveform amplitude span and the distance axis. Switch the menu display. Tap to switch the menu display. Set the display range. Flick to scroll the menu.
2.10 Using Convenient Touch Operation Features 1 Other Convenient Features Cursor Movement Tap a waveform display area to move the cursor to that position. You can also drag the cursor to move it. When you move the cursor, marker setting icons for 4 Point Markers (when Marker Mode is set to Marker) or 5 Point Markers (when Marker Mode is set to Line) above the cursor. You can set a marker at the cursor position simply by tapping an icon.
Chapter 3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display 3.1 Waveform Display Screen 1 2 Display Screen Value per division on the vertical axis Date and time See the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. File name The name of the measurement data file that is currently displayed For details on file names, see section 6.5. The OTDR port emitting light Cursor movement resolution See section 3.3. Battery level/AC See the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. Sample interval See page 2-6.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display Setup Menu 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press SETUP to display the Setup menu. Set the measurement mode. See section 2.1. Set the measurement conditions. See section 2.1. Set the analysis conditions. See section 2.1. Configure the waveform display. Configure the system. See chapter 7.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display 1 Configuring the Waveform Display Press the OTDR Setup soft key to display the following screen. 2 Wavelength area expanded display (OFF, ON). Ghost cursor display (OFF, ON) 3 Approximated line display (OFF, ON) Cursor display format (CROSS(+), LINE( ¦ )) Optical Pulse Waveform Display Cursor dB value display (OFF, ON) 4 Marker information display (OFF, ON) Scale display (OFF, ON) Event auto zoom display (OFF, ON) 5 dB decimal places (**.*, **.**, **.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display Ghost Cursor The ghost cursor is used to check for secondary reflections. A secondary reflection is a reflection that is detected in a location where no event actually occurs. OFF: The ghost cursor is not displayed. ON: The ghost cursor is displayed. Ghost cursor Turn the rotary knob to move to the next secondary reflection detection point.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display 1 Approximated Lines In the 4 Point or 5 Point marker modes, you can display the approximated lines that are used to calculate splice loss or return loss. OFF: Approximated lines are not displayed. ON: Approximated lines are displayed. 2 Approximated lines 3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display 4 5 Cursor dB Value 6 You can display not only the distance at the cursor position, but also the dB value.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display Marker Info. You can display the distance from the measurement reference point to each marker on the waveform display area. OFF: Marker information is not displayed. ON: Marker information is displayed. Marker information Scale Display You can display the scale values on the vertical and horizontal axes. OFF: Scale values are not displayed. ON: Scale values are displayed.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display 1 Label Display You can display labels at the top of the screen. For details on creating labels, see section 6.3. OFF: Labels are not displayed. ON: Labels are displayed. 2 Label display 3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display 4 5 Setting the File List 6 Select the file information you want to display on the screen. File Name: FileName, Size, and Date are displayed on the file list screen.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display Marker Mode • Marker Move the cursor to the location that you want to measure, and set a marker. When you are measuring return loss and splice loss, they are calculated automatically when you set all the markers that are necessary for the measurement method that you are using. • Line After you select the line marker that you want to operate from a set of multiple line markers, move the selected line marker directly.
3.2 Configuring the Waveform Display 1 Calculation Method for Total Loss • Cumul-Loss (Cumulate Loss) The integrated value of the splice losses at each event from the measurement reference point (S) is displayed. This is the conventional calculation method (firmware version 1.02 and earlier). 3 Optical Pulse Waveform Display 4 Splice loss of each event • Loss between S and E 5 The loss (TPA approximation method) between the measurement reference point (S) and the end of fiber (E) is displayed.
3.3 Zooming and Moving Displayed Waveforms Procedure Scale Menu 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press SCALE to display the Scale menu. Zoom in or out Pressing this soft key enables you to zoom in and out using the arrow keys. Move vertically or horizontally Pressing this soft key enables you to move using the arrow keys. Set the cursor movement resolution (Fine, Coarse). Set whether to move the cursor in fine steps or coarse steps.
3.3 Zooming and Moving Displayed Waveforms 1 Explanation Zooming In and Out You can press the arrow keys to zoom the displayed waveform in or out. When the cursor is displayed, the waveform is zoomed at the cursor position. When the cursor is not displayed, the waveform is zoomed at the left edge of the display. Down arrow key: Zoom in vertically on the waveform. Up arrow key: Zoom out vertically of the waveform. Left arrow key: Zoom in horizontally on the waveform.
3.3 Zooming and Moving Displayed Waveforms Shifting the Horizontal and Vertical Axes You can move the screen by pressing the arrow keys. Down arrow key: The screen moves down. Up arrow key: The screen moves up. Left arrow key: The screen moves left. Right arrow key: The screen moves right. Overview Display The overview display is linked to the zoomed waveform display. The blue box indicates where in the entire waveform display area the zoomed waveform display is showing.
Chapter 4 4.1 Optical Pulse Analysis Analyzing Waveforms 1 Switching the Waveform to Be Analyzed 2 When data measured under multi wavelength conditions is loaded into the AQ7280, a soft key for switching the waveform with the wavelength to be analyzed appears on the OTDR menu. 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Current Trace soft key to switch the waveform with the wavelength to be analyzed.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms How to Use Markers You can use markers to measure values such as the distance, splice loss, or return loss between two points. * A portion of the marker menu and operation vary depending on the marker mode. For details on setting the marker mode, see section 3.2. Marker Menu (Marker Mode: Marker) 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Marker soft key to display the marker menu. 2 Point markers. Switches to the screen that is used to measure 2 Point markers.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms 1 • Distance Reference Normally, the location where the AQ7280 and the optical fiber cable are connected is the measurement reference point. This reference point is the distance reference. It is used to calculate the distance to the cursor and markers. If you are using a launch fiber to perform measurements, move the distance reference the length of the launch fiber before performing measurements.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms 6 Point Markers Press the 6 Point Markers soft key to display the following screen. Marker 2 Marker 1 Marker Y2 Marker 3 Sets marker 1 . Marker 1 is set at the cursor position. Sets marker 2 . Marker 2 is set at the cursor position. Set marker Y2. Marker Y2 is set at the cursor position. Sets marker 3 . Marker 3 is set at the cursor position. Marker Y3 Marker Y1 Set marker Y1. Marker Y1 is set at the cursor position. Marker information Set marker Y3.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Marker Menu (Marker Mode: Line) 1 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Marker soft key to display the marker menu. 2 2 Point markers. Switches to the screen that is used to measure 2 Point markers. For the measurement principle, see section 1.4. 3 5 Point markers. Switches to the screen that is used to measure 5 Point markers. For the measurement principle, see section 1.4. Sets or clears the distance reference.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms 5 Point Markers Press the 5 Point Markers soft key to display the following screen. Marker N Marker n Marker E Marker F Marker f Cursor (C) Press to set all markers together. Sets marker. Press this soft key to select the marker that you are operating. Marker information Note • • • • Set the markers in the order shown above, starting with the measurement start point (the distance reference). The measured loss value differs depending on the specified approximation method.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms 1 Registering a Preset Marker 4. Press the Action soft key to select Register. 5. Press the A or B soft key. The marker applied on the waveform is registered, and the marker information is displayed on the preset information display screen. 2 Applying a Preset Marker 6. Display measured waveform data on the screen. 3 7. Tap the A or B icon. The A or B preset marker is applied to the waveform.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Measuring Distance By placing the cursor on the acquired waveform, you can measure the distance to events such as reflections and splice losses. Using the Cursor to Measure the Distance Follow the procedure below to measure the distance between the distance reference and the cursor. 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Turn the rotary knob to display the cursor. 3. Move the cursor to a position where an event is displayed.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Measuring Splice Loss 1 When Marker Mode Is Set to Marker 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2 2. Press the Marker soft key and then the 4 Point Markers soft key to display the following screen. Splice loss event start position Set marker 2 . 3 Splice loss event end position Set marker Y2. Measurement start position Set marker 1 . Measurement end position Set marker 3 . 4 Optical Pulse Analysis 5 6 Measured splice loss (result) 7 When Marker Mode Is Set to Line 1.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Measuring the Return Loss or Reflection Level * Reflection level can be displayed only when the language is set to Japanese in the system settings. When Marker Mode Is Set to Marker 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Marker soft key and then the 2 Point Markers soft key to display the following screen. 3. Set marker 1 and marker 2 at positions where events are displayed. Event detection start position Set marker 1 .
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Analyzing Multiple Waveforms 1 Waveform Analysis Menu 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key to display the Advanced Analysis menu. 3 Multi trace analysis Up to four waveforms can be displayed and compared. Optical Pulse Analysis 4 2-way trace Waveforms of a measurement target measured from each end can be combined.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Waveform display example Current trace Cursor value (distance) of the current trace Note • • The current waveform display before switching to the multi trace analysis screen is read into the trace that is selected as the current trace. Changing the current trace clears the vertical waveform shift. 2-Way Trace Press the 2-WayTrace soft key to display the 2-WayTrace menu. Load traces to display in Trace 1 and Trace 2. The file operation screen will appear. See section 6.3.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms 1 Combining the Events of Two Traces Press the 2-WayTrace Analysis soft key to display the 2-WayTrace Analysis menu. Example when the current trace is set to Trace 1 Trace 1 2 Trace 2 Display (Trace+List, List) See section 4.2. 3 Display type (Reverse, Normal) 4 Optical Pulse Analysis Selects the rotary knob function (Cursor, Event) 5 6 The event numbers in this example correspond to the following event numbers before combining. No.1: No.2 of Trace 2 No.2: No.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Displaying the Difference Trace Press the Diff. Trace soft key to display the Diff. Trace menu. Load traces to display in Trace 1 and Trace 2. The file operation screen will appear. See section 6.3. Selects the current trace (Trace 1, Trace 2) Select the trace you want to place the cursor on. Displays the difference trace of two traces Loading Waveform Data The type of file that you can load is SOR.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms • Marker Features You can place cursors and markers on the differential trace. You can display the distance at each cursor position as well as the following values between markers. • Loss (dB) • Distance (km) • dB/km • For the operations when marker mode is set to Marker, see “4 Point Markers” on page 4-3. • For the operations when marker mode is set to Line, see “5 Point Markers” on page 4-6. • The return loss and splice loss of differential traces cannot be saved.
4.1 Analyzing Waveforms Performing Macro Bending 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Advanced Analysis soft key and then the Macro Bending soft key to display the Macro Bending menu. Load waveform data. The file operation screen will appear (see section 6.3). Traces 1 to 4 Load, clear, and move traces. Clears the displayed traces Clears the display of the loaded traces Moves the trace up Moves the display position of the loaded trace up.
4.2 Analyzing Events 1 Event Screen 2 Screen Display Items: Trace+List 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 3 2. Press the Event Analysis soft key to display the following screen. Measurement reference point: S Event number Waveform display Event E detected as the end of fiber 4 Edit or fix events. See page 4-21. Optical Pulse Analysis Set the screen display item to Trace+List. 5 6 2 Point Markers For details, see page 4-2.
4.2 Analyzing Events Event Type The type of each event is displayed with the following symbols. : Positive splice loss : Negative splice loss : Reflection : Bending loss (macro bending) : Splitter insertion loss Section Group Index and Event Fix Type • Section Group Index If Event Fix Mode is set to off as described later in “Fix event positions,” the section group index is displayed.
4.2 Analyzing Events 2 Point Markers 1 Press the 2 Point Markers soft key to display the following screen. Analysis start position Set marker A . Analysis end position Set marker B . 2 Section analysis between A and B The section distance and section loss are displayed. 3 4 A Marker Optical Pulse Analysis The start point is set to the cursor position. 5 B Marker The end point is set to the cursor position. Clears the markers and cursors. 6 Screen Display Items: Trace+Summary 1.
4.2 Analyzing Events Screen Display Item: List 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Event Analysis soft key and then the Display soft key to select List. The following screen appears. Measurement conditions For details on the measurement conditions, see section 2.1. Analysis values List Edit See page 4-24. Event Note Edit See page 4-26. List display Analysis values • Total RL The integrated value of the return losses of each event.
4.2 Analyzing Events Editing Events There may be cases where, because the backscattering light level is too small at a reflection point in an optical fiber cable, the reflection cannot be detected as an event, or there may be cases where noise is detected as an event. In such cases, you can adjust the events by editing them as follows: • Insert events • Delete events • Edit event markers • Fix event positions 1 2 3 Event Edit Menu 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2.
4.2 Analyzing Events Note • • • The event list can display up to 100 events. If you insert an event between two events that are displayed, the new event takes on the number that follows the event on the left, and all subsequent event numbers are increased by one. You cannot insert events to the left of the S point. You cannot insert events to the left of the distance reference. You can use the Set Distance Reference soft key to move the distance reference.
4.2 Analyzing Events • • • If you set a distance reference (R point), the S point disappears from the screen. In this situation, the measurement reference point is the distance reference. If you delete the distance reference, the S point is displayed again at its original position. If you delete the E event, the event that has the largest number becomes the E event. 1 When you move the cursor on the event screen, an icon for adding ( ) or deleting ( ) an event appears above the cursor.
4.2 Analyzing Events When Marker Mode Is Set to Line 7. Press the Select soft key to select the event marker that you want to move. Selects an event marker (C, n, N, E, F, f ) Press this soft key to select the event marker that you want to move. Note For details on how to set markers, see “5 Point Markers” in section 1.4. Fix event positions An event in which the Event Fix Mode is changed from OFF to some other setting is referred to as a master event.
4.2 Analyzing Events List Edit 1 1. From the top menu, select OTDR. 2. Press the Event Analysis soft key, the Display soft key, and then the List Edit soft key to display the following screen. 2 Edit the distance. 3 Edit the return loss. Edit the section group index (section IOR). Edit the event type. 4 When you change the distance of an event, the section group index (section IOR) is recalculated.
4.2 Analyzing Events Displaying Macro Bending (Bending Loss) Events When an optical pulse measurement is performed in multi wavelength measurement, you can compare the splice losses at each wavelength and display on the screen bending loss events that are caused by bends in the optical fiber cable. Displaying Events Press the Macro Bending soft key to display the following menu. Move the cursor to a bending loss event to display the values.
Chapter 5 5.1 Optical Output and Optical Power Measurement Outputting Light (/SLS option, VLS) 1 2 WARNING • During measurement, light is transmitted from the light source ports. Do not disconnect the connected optical fiber cables. Visual impairment may occur if the light enters the eye. • Close the covers of any light source ports that do not have optical fiber cables connected to them. Visual impairment may occur if light that is mistakenly emitted from these ports enters the eye.
5.1 Outputting Light (/SLS option, VLS) Setting the Wavelength and the Modulation Mode The following measurement light wavelengths can be generated. You can produce continuous light (CW) or light that has been modulated at the selected frequency (modulation mode).
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) 1 2 Measuring Optical Power Using the Optical Power Meter (OPM Module) Absolute power (dBm, W) and loss (dB) can be measured. You can set the measurement conditions such as the wavelength and modulation.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Note If Wavelength mode is set to Simple, a different reference value can be set and retained for each waveform. If set to Detail or CWDM, the reference value must be reset when the wavelength is changed. Bar Graph and Threshold Display The upper and lower threshold values specified on the optical power meter setup screen are displayed with broken lines. While the bar is within the threshold boundaries, it is displayed in green.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Maximum and Minimum Display You can display the maximum and minimum measured optical power values. During measurement, the displayed values are constantly updated. ON: Displayed OFF: Not displayed Minimum 2 3 Maximum Offset You can add a specified value (the offset value) to measured input optical power values and display the results as measured values. The range is –9.900 to 9.900 dB.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Skip When Skip is selected, the corresponding core is not measured. By specifying Skip on cores that do not need to be measured, you can save time. Saving the Data You can save up to three sets of data in the save area of the specified core number. To confirm whether the optical fiber cable installation has any effect, you can save the measured values before and after the installation for comparison later. For details on saving data to files, see section 6.3.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Switching the Display You can select from two screen displays. Core List: A list of core numbers and save areas is displayed. An example is shown on page 5-5. List: Only a list of save areas is displayed. • When the Display is set to List 1 2 Core number 3 Save area of core number 1 4 5 Optical Output and Optical Power Measurement 6 Measured data (measurement conditions and measured values) Same as the screen of the core number list.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Number of Cores or Tapes Set the number of cores or tapes in the following range. You can set the number of cores in steps to 10.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) 1 Graph Display of Logging Data Set Display to Logging to display the measured values on a graph in real time during logging. Logging results that have been saved in CSV format cannot be displayed on a graph. • Zooming In and Out You can press the arrow keys to zoom the displayed graph in or out. The graph is zoomed at the cursor position. Up and down arrow keys: Zooms vertically (up to zoom in, down to zoom out).
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) • Auto Zoom The vertical zoom factor is set automatically so that all the logging data is displayed. The median value between the maximum and minimum of the logging data is the center position on the screen. If there is no logging data, auto zoom is not performed. • Zoom Initialize Zoom initialization returns the vertical and horizontal zoom factors to ×1. Note The logging results are saved in a CSV file, so you can open it with a spreadsheet application.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Measuring Optical Power Using the Power Checker (/PC option of the OTDR unit) Making Preparations for Measurements Remove the optical fiber cables from the AQ7280 and close the optical connector covers, or make sure that the OTDR port is not receiving any light, and then start the power checker zero-set procedure. 1 2 Performing Zero-Set 1. From the top menu, select Power Checker to display the following screen.
5.2 Measuring Optical Power (OPM, /PC option) Unit Set the optical power display unit from the following. dB (absolute value), dBm (absolute value), W (absolute value) • Unit W is preceded by a prefix m(10‒3), μ(10‒6), n(10‒9), or p(10‒12). • The following relation holds between the absolute display unit dBm and W.
Chapter 6 6.1 File Operation and Printing Connecting USB Storage Media to the USB Ports 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.2 Connecting an SD Card CAUTION • Before connecting an SD card, turn off the power. • Do not insert the SD card in the wrong direction. Doing so may damage the SD card or the AQ7280 or both. French ATTENTION • Coupez l’alimentation électrique avant de connecter une carte SD. • N’introduisez pas la carte SD dans le mauvais sens. Cela pourrait endommager la carte SD ou l’AQ7280, voire les deux. Compatible SD Cards You can use SDHC compliant memory cards with the AQ7280.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data File Menu Press FILE to display the File menu. The file menu on the AQ7280 varies depending on the feature in use. When the OTDR, OTDR Smart Mapper, Fault Locator, or power meter feature of the top screen or top menu is in use Set the action (Save, Load). Set the file type. Set the extension for saving or loading. For details, see the explanation later in this section. Set the save destination drive (Int. Memory, SD Card, USB Memory 1, USB Memory 2). Set the file name.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data 1 When the fiber inspection probe feature is in use 2 Set the file type. Set the extension for saving or loading. For details, see the explanation later in this section. 3 Set the save destination drive (Int. Memory, SD Card, USB Memory 1, USB Memory 2). 4 Set the file name. Set the file name format. You can set this when Action is set to Save. 5 Start saving. 6 File Name Setup Screen Set the file name type (No., Comment, Comment + No., No. + Comment).
6.3 Saving and Loading Data Setting Labels Set the label.* Set the company name.* Set the name.* Set the cable ID.* Set the fiber ID.* When set to ON, the same character string as the file ID (ID number) is set. (Firmware version 2.02 and later) Set the cable code.* Set the start position.* Set the end position.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data • Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Display — — *.MPZ *.TXT Description Waveform data from measuring multi-core fiber (including the measurement conditions) is saved in an SOR file format that conforms to Telcordia SR-4731. When Action is set to Save or Load, file type cannot be changed. Moreover, SOR files do not appear in the file list. Screen image data of the fiber inspection probe is saved to a file in BMP format.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data • Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Display *.MPJ Description A summary screen image data of the multi-core fiber measurement conditions, waveform data summary information, optical power measurement values, and fiber inspection probe is loaded. To load the file, the file and folder configuration of the SOR file measured with the multi-core fiber measurement feature must be the same as when the file was saved. • Schedule Measurement Display *.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data 1 File Name File Name Type • When the OTDR, OTDR Smart Mapper, Fault Locator, or power meter feature is in use You can select up to 10 items to be used for file names. The items specified for fields 1 to 10 under Name Type are displayed in order as a file name. The longest file name is 60 characters. Item ID No. Wavelength Comment You can select some of the label items. For details, see the table under “Label” later in this section.
6.3 Saving and Loading Data Label When you are using the OTDR, OTDR Smart Mapper, Fault Locator, or power meter feature, you can specify the following items. If you save waveform data measured from an optical pulse to a file in SOR format, the following label information is also saved.
6.4 Copying and Deleting Files 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.4 Copying and Deleting Files Explanation Action Select Delete or Copy. File Type You can delete and copy all file types (fixed to *.*). Save Destination Drive For details, see the explanation in section 6.3. Executing Select All All the files in the selected folder will be selected for deleting and copying. • Pressing the Select All soft key changes it to a Clear All soft key. • Pressing the Clear All soft key changes it back to a Select All soft key.
6.5 Renaming Files 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.5 Renaming Files Explanation Action Select Rename. File Type You can delete and copy all file types (fixed to *.*). Save Destination Drive For details, see the explanation in section 6.3. Entering the File Name In the character input dialog box that appears, enter the file name. Follow the procedure provided in “Entering Character Strings” in the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. • Enter the extension also in the character input dialog box.
6.6 Creating Folders 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.6 Creating Folders Explanation Action Select Make Folder. Note If you create a folder deep within the folder hierarchy, you may not be able to delete or copy the folder. Save Destination Drive For details, see the explanation in section 6.3. Entering the Folder Name In the character input dialog box that appears, enter the folder name. You can use up to 20 characters. Follow the procedure provided in “Entering Character Strings” in the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN.
6.7 Copying and Deleting Folders 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.7 Copying and Deleting Folders Explanation Action Select Delete Folder or Copy Folder. Save Destination Drive For details, see the explanation in section 6.3. Executing the Delete Operation The selected folders will be deleted. Setting the Copy Destination and Executing the Copy Operation After selecting the folders to be copied, set the copy destination folder, and then execute the copy operation. You cannot copy to the same drive as detailed below.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data 1 2 CAUTION Do not remove a USB memory device or turn off the power when the USB memory access indicator is blinking or when data is being saved or loaded from internal memory. Doing so may damage the storage medium (USB memory or internal memory) or corrupt its data.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data Setting the Report Format (Report) Press the Setup soft key to display the following screen. When Action is set to Report Select the items to include in the report. For details on the items, see “Explanation” in this section. Fiber end face image (OFF, Manual, Auto) Set the file name. See “File Name Setup Screen” in section 6.3. Report preview You can preview the items that will be included in reports.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data 1 Setting the Report Format (File Report) Press the Setup soft key to display the following screen. When Action is set to File Report 2 3 Select the items to include in the report. The items are the same as for “Report.” For details, see “Explanation” in this section. 4 5 Report preview You can preview the items that will be included in reports. (The figure is an example when the report format is 2Trace.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data Explanation Action Select Report or File Report. Report: The current waveform displayed on the screen is included in the report and exported to PDF. File Report: Waveform data from a saved file is selected for the report and exported to PDF. Save Destination Drive For details, see the explanation in section 6.3. Report Form Select the items to include in the report. You can use preview to check the appearance of the report.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data Map, Trace, Marker Information, Measure Conditions, and Overview 1 These are included as shown below. 2 Map 3 Measure conditions 4 Overview Trace 5 Marker information 6 Map Connector (return loss) Start point Splice point 1 Splice point 2 End point File Operation and Printing The events in the event list are mapped as icons. Up to 100 events can be mapped.
6.8 Creating Reports of Waveform Data as PDF Data Event Search Conditions The following information is included. • Splice loss • End of fiber • Return loss • Splitter loss • Backscatter level • Macro bending Pass Fail Judgement Conditions The following information is included. • Connector loss • Return loss • Splice loss • Splitter loss • dB/km • Total loss Event List The following information is included.
6.9 Setting the Items to Display in File Lists 1 2 Procedure File List Setup Screen 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 3 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select File List Setup to display the following screen. When Display is set to Default or File List 4 Set Display to Default or File List. 5 You cannot set these.
6.9 Setting the Items to Display in File Lists Explanation You can select the items that are displayed in the internal memory and USB memory file lists. You can also display a preview of the file list display. Default File names, file sizes, and dates are displayed. File List Only file names are listed. File names can be displayed up to their first 36 characters. Customize You can specify the items you want to display in the file list.
6.10 Printing the Current Displayed Waveform 1 Procedure 2 File Menu Press FILE to display the File menu. 3 Set the action (Print). 4 Configure the print settings. Set the printer maker and print color. When the OTDR, OTDR Smart Mapper, or Fault Locator is in use, you can also turn the printing of the event list on or off and the printing of the measurement date on or off. 5 6 File Operation and Printing 7 Start printing. Explanation 8 Action Select Print.
6.10 Printing the Current Displayed Waveform Starting to Print A screen image will be printed. Note • • 6-28 Do not connect an incompatible printer. For USB printers that have been tested for compatibility, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
6.11 Printing Saved Waveforms 1 Procedure 2 File Menu Press FILE to display the File menu. 3 Set the action (File Print). Configure the print settings. You can set the printer maker, print color, whether to print the event list, and whether to print the measurement date. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select a file to print. A check mark appears next to the selected file. To clear the selection, press ENTER again. Select the target drive (Int. Memory, SD Card, USB Memory 1, USB Memory 2).
Chapter 7 7.1 System Configuration Setting the Power Save Mode 1 Even when you set LCD Brightness to OFF, if you press a panel key, the backlight turns on at the “Power save” brightness level. If you do not perform any operations for 10 seconds, the backlight automatically turns off. This feature is useful when you move the AQ7280 to a dark place after setting LCD Brightness to OFF. 2 3 Procedure Power Save Setup Screen 4 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 2.
7.2 Initializing the AQ7280 to Its Factory Default Condition Procedure Initialization Screen 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select Factory Setting to display the following screen. Executes setup initialization Measurement, analysis, OTDR, and system settings are initialized to their factory default values. Executes all initialization All settings are initialized to their factory default values.
7.3 Setting Operation Restrictions 1 2 Procedure Operation Lock Setup Screen 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 3 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select Operation Lock Setup to display the following screen. 4 Enter the Administrator PIN. The default value is 0000. 5 Confirms the input Change the Administrator PIN. 6 Setting Operation Restrictions Using the rotary knob and ENTER, enter the PIN, and then select SET. The following screen appears.
7.3 Setting Operation Restrictions Explanation You can apply operation restrictions with a PIN (password) to prevent mistakenly emitting the laser at a place where it is prohibited and prevent operators from changing the detailed measurement conditions of the AQ7280. Light Source Lock The following operations can be restricted. • The REAL TIME and AVG keys of the OTDR function. • The Light Source ON or VLS ON soft key when the light source feature (/SLS option on the OTDR unit, VLS module) is in use.
7.4 Configuring Network Settings (/LAN option) 1 2 Procedure Network Setup Screen 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 3 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select Network Setup to display the following screen. Enable or disable the network feature. Set the user name and password. Enter the user name and password by following the procedure provided in “Entering Character Strings” in the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. 4 Set the timeout value.
7.4 Configuring Network Settings (/LAN option) Note • • If a user authentication error occurs, communication will not possible using the network feature. You do not need to enter a password when the user name is set to “anonymous.” Time Out(sec) If there is no access to the AQ7280 within the specified period, the network connection between the AQ7280 and the PC is automatically disconnected.
7.4 Configuring Network Settings (/LAN option) 1 Port Forwarding (UPnP) UPnP Port Forwarding If the AQ7280 is connected to a network through a router with a NAT function, the AQ7280 cannot be controlled from a PC over the router. The AQ7280 has a function for transferring data with routers with a NAT function that support Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). When this function is enabled, the AQ7280 can be controlled from a PC over a router. This function is called UPnP port forwarding.
7.5 Web Server Feature Procedure Connecting the AQ7280 to your PC Connect the AQ7280 to your PC through an Ethernet network. Configuring the AQ7280 Enable the AQ7280 network function by following the instructions in section 7.4. Connecting to the AQ7280 from Your PC 1. On your PC, start Internet Explorer or other Web browser. If you are using Internet Explorer, use version 9.0 or later. 2. In the address box, enter “http://IP address” to connect to the AQ7280.
7.5 Web Server Feature 1 Controlling from the PC You can control the AQ7280 with a mouse or through the touch panel of your PC. Displays the top menu Displays a file dialog box Screen refresh interval (shows a drop-down list) 2 To the left by a small amount To the right by a small amount 3 To the right by a large amount To the left by a large amount Corresponds to the AQ7280 panel keys 4 5 6 You cannot control the power switch.
7.5 Web Server Feature Explanation You can control an AQ7280 connected to a network from your PC. Connection Mode There are two connection modes: Control and View. Control Mode: The AQ7280 screen is displayed on your PC screen. You can control the AQ7280 with a mouse or through the touch panel of your PC. You can also download files from the AQ7280. View Mode: The AQ7280 screen is displayed on your PC screen, but you cannot control the AQ7280 from your PC.
7.6 Setting the Expiration Date 1 2 Procedure This feature is valid in firmware versions 2.02 and later. Expiration Date Setup Screen 3 1. On the top menu, press SETUP to display the System Setup screen. 2. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select Expiration Date Setup. The following screen appears. 4 Displaying the Date & Time Set Screen When you set the date and time, the number of remaining days until expiration is displayed. Set the action after expiration (Lockout, Alert).
7.6 Setting the Expiration Date Releasing the Expiration Date Settings 9. After step 2, using rotary knob and ENTER, select Expiration Release Code. 10. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, enter the release number. This is the same number that you entered when you set the expiration date. 11. Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select Release Expiration Function. The expiration date setting is disabled.
7.6 Setting the Expiration Date 1 Explanation This feature displays a message at startup or locks the instrument when the specified expiration date arrives. You can display a message that urges you to calibrate the instrument or the like when the recommended calibration period elapses. 2 Expiration Date The year is displayed according to the Gregorian calendar. The instrument supports leap years.
7.7 Other Features Procedure System Setup Screen On the top menu, press SETUP to display the following screen. Configure the language settings. The options are displayed according to the language suffix code. Set the date and Time. See the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN. Set the power save mode. See section 7.1. Set the start menu (Top Menu, Last Function).
7.7 Other Features Screen Color 1 Touch Operation 2 Select the screen color from the following: Color 1, Color 2, B&W You can touch the screen to operate the AQ7280. ON OFF Touch control is enabled. Touch control is disabled. 3 Beep The AQ7280 can generate sound when the rotary knob is turned or when an operation error message is displayed. ON OFF Beep sound is on. Beep sound is off. UTIL Key Assign You can set how the AQ7280 operates when the UTIL key is pressed.
Chapter 8 8.1 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection If a Problem Occurs 1 2 Faults and Corrective Actions • If a message appears on the screen, see the following pages for reference. • If servicing is necessary, or if the instrument does not operate properly even after you have attempted to deal with the problem according to the instructions in this section, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. 1 See the Getting Started Guide, IM AQ7280-02EN.
8.2 Error Messages Error Messages Messages may appear on the screen during operation. This section describes the error messages and how to respond to them. Messages are displayed according to the language setting (see section 7.6). If the corrective action states that serving is required, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. In addition to the following messages, there are also communications error messages.
8.2 Error Messages Code 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 524 525 526 527 528 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 601 602 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 IM AQ7280-01EN 8-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection 604 605 608 609 612 614 616 620 622 623 629 634 Message ZERO SET ERROR Exceeding limit. It may cause damage of the instrument. Please disconnect the plug.
8.2 Error Messages Code 648 690 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 752 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 800 801 802 8-4 Message Can not make file or folder in this folder. (Max 550 files/folder) Cannot save the measurement data. Please confirm the following. - Media is correctly installed. - Media is formatted. - Media is not read-only. Media is full. Please install new media.
8.2 Error Messages Code 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 854 855 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 921 922 923 925 IM AQ7280-01EN 8-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection 909 Message FTP Error : Rm Please confirm network connection and setting. FTP Error : List Please confirm network connection and setting. FTP Error : Mkdir Please confirm network connection and setting.
8.3 Viewing the Product Information Procedure Product Information Screen On the top menu, press SETUP and then the Product Information soft key to display the following screen. Saves a screen image Mainframe information OTDR unit information Firmware information OPM and VLS module information Displayed when an OPM or VLS module is installed in the mainframe.
8.4 Executing a Self-Test 1 2 Procedure System Setup Menu On the top menu, press SETUP to display the following menu. 3 4 5 6 7 Executes a self-test Note 8 Perform a self-test with the battery pack installed in the AQ7280. If the battery pack is not installed, the test will result in error. Index Self-Test The self-test checks the operation of the following items. • Internal memory • Battery pack voltage If the self-test result is successful, the message “Test succeeded” will appear.
8.5 Updating the Firmware Procedure Firmware Update Screen On the top menu, press SETUP and then the Firmware Update soft key to display the following screen. Set the save destination drive of the firmware update file (Int. Memory, USB Memory 1, USB Memory 2, SD Card). Using the rotary knob and ENTER, select the firmware update file. Executes firmware updating Explanation • • • • • 8-8 Firmware update files are YMC files (e.g., AQ7280.YMC).
8.6 Checking the Optical Fiber End Face for Stains 1 By connecting an off-the-shelf fiber inspection probe (with a USB interface) to an AQ7280 USB port, you can display the image of optical fiber end face on the AQ7280 display. You can save the image to a file. 2 Procedure 3 Fiber End Face Check Screen From the top menu, select FiberInspec. Probe to display the following screen.
8.6 Checking the Optical Fiber End Face for Stains Note • • The pass/fail judgment function is supported only by the following fiber inspection probes. DI-1000 (Lightel) DI-1000L (Lightel) Pass/fail judgment complies with IEC 61300-3-35. Configuring the Pass/Fail Judgment 2. Press SETUP to display a fiber end face pass/fail setup screen. Select the optical fiber cable (SM, MM). Select the judgment reference When the Fiber Type is SM: (UPC, SPC, APC). When the Fiber Type is MM: (Default).
8.6 Checking the Optical Fiber End Face for Stains 1 Displaying Judgment Results (Details) 4. Press the Result soft key to display the following screen. 2 3 Results in the core area 4 Results in the cladding area (excluding the core area) Results in the contact area (excluding the core and cladding areas) 5 6 7 Explanation 8 Connecting a Fiber Inspection Probe Holding the Image Display The still image size is VGA for both the USB2.0 and USB1.1 fiber inspection probes. Note If a USB2.
8.6 Checking the Optical Fiber End Face for Stains Pass/Fail Judgment (/FST Option) Configuring the Pass/Fail Judgment • Selecting the Optical Fiber Cable Select the type of optical fiber cable to be judged. SM: Single mode MM: Multi mode • Select the Judgment Reference Select the ferrule’s polished surface of optical fiber cable to be judged. The judgment reference varies depending on the polished surface.
8.7 Mechanical Inspection and Operation Check 1 2 WARNING Before performing a mechanical inspection, be sure to turn off the power. Inspecting the OTDR port or light source port with the AQ7280 turned on may cause the emitted light to accidentally enter the eye. This can cause eye damage or vision impairment. 3 4 CAUTION • Connectors clogged with foreign objects can cause abnormal operation or malfunction. • Loose connectors may cause the AQ7280 to operate abnormally.
8.8 Replacing the Optical Adapter WARNING When replacing the optical adapter, turn off the AQ7280 to prevent the light from accidentally being emitted from the light source port. Replacing the optical adapter (universal adapter or connector adapter) with the AQ7280 turned on may cause the emitted light to accidentally enter the eye. This can cause eye damage or vision impairment.
8.8 Replacing the Optical Adapter 1 Installation 1. Check that the AQ7280 is turned off. 2. Open the optical port cover. 3. Insert the optical adapter straight so that the guide protrusion part engages the rear shell guide hole. 4. Flip the optical adapter’s lock lever down outward to lock it. If it is a screw type, turn the knob to the right to tighten.
8.9 Routine Maintenance Cleaning the Outside of the AQ7280 To clean the LCD or the outside of the AQ7280, turn the power off, and remove the AC adapter from the AQ7280. Use a damp, well-wrung cloth to clean the outside and then wipe it off with a dry cloth. Do not use chemicals such as thinner, benzene, or alcohol. Doing so may cause deformation and discoloring.
8.9 Routine Maintenance If the optical fiber end face is slanted If the optical fiber end face is slanted, such as on a model with the /ASC option, clean from the bottom of the end face upward to prevent the cleaner from tearing or becoming fuzzy due to the sharp top edge of the fiber end face. Edge 1 2 3 Note • • Use a lens cleaner that does not produce fuzz or residue to clean the optical components.
8.10 Storage Precautions Before Storage Clean the AQ7280 before storage. For details on cleaning, see section 8.9. Storage Conditions Store the AQ7280 under the following conditions. • In a place where the temperature and humidity are within their allowable ranges.
8.11 Recommended Part Replacement 1 YOKOGAWA guarantees the AQ7280 for the period and under the conditions of the product warranty. Under the conditions of the warranty, the following parts with limited service life and consumable parts are excluded. For part replacement and purchase, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. 3 Parts with Limited Service Life Part Name Battery pack Service Life 300 charges 2 Notes The actual service life varies depending on the operating environment.
8.12 Calibration Periodic calibration is an effective means of keeping the instrument performing correctly for a long time and of detecting malfunctions at an early stage. We recommend that you calibrate the AQ7280 once a year.
Index Symbol 1 Page /LAN option.............................................................................. 1-4 < mark, return loss................................................................. 4-10 /MNT option............................................................................. 1-7 /PC option....................................................................... 1-4, 1-15 /SLS option.............................................................................. 1-3 /SMP option................
Index H Page High Resolution..................................................................... 2-31 high SNR mode....................................................................... 2-6 Hi-Reflection............................................................................ 2-7 Hi-Speed................................................................................. 2-7 hold.......................................................................................... 5-4 HOLD..........................
Index Storage.................................................................................. 7-15 strings (character)................................................................... 6-9 subnet mask............................................................................ 7-6 suffix code............................................................................... 8-6 1 T 2 Page Tape no. Type.......................................................................... 5-7 tapes, number of.........
