BitStorm L3S-T User's Manual includes the BitStorm L3S-X Stack Slave 08-01082-01 Rev 1.
Table of Contents ● About this Manual Introduction ● BitStorm L3S-T Overview ● BitStorm L3S-X Overview ● Stacking BitStorm L3S Switches ● Routing ● VLANs ● Management Options Installing the BitStorm L3S-T Switch ● Selecting a Proper Location ● Cabling Guidelines ● Installing the Gigabit Uplinks ● Building a Stack ● Installing the Stacking Interface ● Mounting in an Equipment Rack ● Powering On the Switch ● Setting Up the BitStorm L3S-T Management Console ● Setting the IP Addre
About this Manual In this manual, BitStorm L3S Switch or Switch refers to: ● BitStorm L3S-T Gigabit Ethernet Switch ● BitStorm L3S-X Gigabit Ethernet Switch This issue of the BitStorm L3S-T User's Manual replaces all earlier versions. BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager This manual includes instructions on how to monitor and configure the Switch using BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager, the Switch's built-in management software. The section titled "Managing the Switch" is divided into three parts.
Introduction ● BitStorm L3S-T Overview ● BitStorm L3S-X Overview ● Stacking ● Routing ● ❍ The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ❍ Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Virtual LANs (VLANs) ❍ ● Sample VLAN Applications Management Options 4
BitStorm L3S-T Overview The BitStorm L3S-T is a stackable Fast Ethernet Switch with 24 10/100Base-TX ports, two optional Gigabit uplinks and WAN interfaces. BitStorm L3S-T front panel Non-blocking 64Gbps switching fabric With a powerful, non-blocking 64Gbps switching fabric, this Layer 3 switch is specifically designed to meet the rapidly changing needs of growing companies.
applications, like video, under control. Management The BitStorm L3S-T includes the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager for complete switch management. With the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager, you can easily configure and monitor the Switch through Netscape, Internet Explorer, a command line interface or a text-based console program. Or, use HP OpenView or any other SNMP management system. Complete, fast, easy The BitStorm L3S-T offers all these benefits in a complete system package.
● Four Phillips head rack mount screws ● Console cable ● BitStorm L3S-T Quick Start Installation Guide ● BitStorm L3S-T Release Notes ● BitStorm L3S CD with: -- BitStorm L3S-T software -- BitStorm L3S-T User’s Guide -- Java Windows plug-in for browser-based management -- BitStorm L3S-T Management Information Bases (MIBs) -- TFTP Suite2000Pro software 7
BitStorm L3S-X Overview The BitStorm L3S-X Gigabit Ethernet Switch is Layer 2/Layer 3 stackable switch with 24 fixed 10/100 ports. This Switch does not stand alone. It is used only as a slave to the BitStorm L3S-T. Up to three BitStorm L3S-X switches can be connected to the BitStorm L3S-T stack master using the Stacking Interface Module shipped with each slave switch.
Stacking BitStorm L3S Switches As new networks are deployed and existing ones continue to grow aggressively, managers need cost-effective products that can adapt. Low cost, high-performance “stacked” switches that can be managed as a single entity are the most desirable solutions, especially for small to medium-sized enterprises.
switches is a simple matter of providing sufficient bandwidth for wire-speed packet transfers. How BitStorm L3S stacking eliminates blocking BitStorm L3S's high performance stacking architecture guarantees that packets are forwarded at wire speed to all ports on all switches in the stack without blocking any transmissions. BitStorm L3S does this using a dedicated high-speed interface connecting all ports directly to the central switching fabric.
Routing This Layer Three Gigabit Ethernet Switch is both a switch and a router. It operates at Layer 2 like traditional switches, forwarding and discarding packets based only on Media Access Control layer (MAC) addresses. Like traditional routers, it also operates at Layer 3, using network layer information to route packets to another router, switched network segment or end-station.
network, so a router would be attached to one of the Switch’s ports and the router is set as the Switch’s default gateway. The Layer 2 switch propagates all packets to be routed to the router. The router compares the IP destination address in each packet it receives to the information in its routing table, then either drops the packet or forwards it to another router or network segment. Dedicated routers are expensive, complex and slow.
The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) used mainly on moderately-sized networks. RIP uses a vector-distance routing method that keeps a table of all known IP address destinations (the vector) and the number of hops to reach them (the distance).
becomes invalid if 180 seconds pass without that route being advertised again. RIP has certain features that provide stability in rapidly changing network conditions. Split horizon When RIP enabled interfaces are initialized, they build a routing table based on their directly connected interfaces. During the time it takes for this information to converge and the best route to be determined and stabilized, routing loops can occur.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) developed to overcome some of RIP's limitations when it operates in more complex networks. Where RIP keeps a table of all known destinations and the number of hops to reach them, OSPF is a link-state routing method that keeps routing information only for the router's IP domain and its neighboring routers, not the entire network.
● ● autonomous system must be connected to the backbone. This backbone area allows summary information to be exchanged between Area Border Routers. When designing an OSPF network, you should start with Area 0. Stub Areas A stub area is an area that is only connected to one area, often this is the backbone area. Route information is not advertised into stub areas. By creating stub areas, you reduce the router's memory use and processing requirements.
Virtual LANs A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical way to segment a network without changing physical connections. In a VLAN, broadcast packets or packets with unknown destination addresses are forwarded only to ports that are VLAN members. Eliminate need for more routers Using VLANs, you can increase network segmentation without adding more hardware. VLANs can eliminate the need for existing routers or for more routers as your network grows. Existing routers can be redeployed to concentrate on WAN traffic.
● ● Incoming The Switch classifies packets coming in on a port based on their VLAN identifier (VID)—or lack of one. If the packet has a VID, the Switch forwards the packet only to the ports for that VLAN. VLAN tagging If the packet does not have a VID, the Switch assigns one based on what it has learned. It inspects the packet and places it in a VLAN based on what it learns. It assigns the packet to an existing VLAN in the following order.
Sample VLAN Applications Here are some examples of how different types of VLANs solve business and network traffic dilemmas. ● Users in the Engineering Department have highly sensitive material that needs to be protected. Solution: Create firewalls by placing each user into his or her own MAC-based VLAN. Traffic to that VLAN is intended only for that user. No one can listen to that user’s traffic because it never goes onto any other segment.
Management Options The Switch is shipped complete with its own SNMP management system called the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager. This management system gives you different levels of control over all of the Switch's functions through three different user interfaces: ● a command line ● a text-based console ● a web browser The management capabilities vary depending on your selection.
Installing the BitStorm L3S-T Switch ● Selecting a Proper Location ● Cabling Guidelines ● Installing the Gigabit Uplinks ● Building a Stack ● Installing the Stacking Interface ● Mounting in an Equipment Rack ● Powering On the Switch ● Setting Up the BitStorm L3S-T Management Console ● Setting the IP Address, Mask and Gateway ● Installing TFTP Suite2000Pro ● Upgrading Firmware ● Finishing the Installation ● System Password 21
Selecting a Proper Location The Switch can be located in a wiring closet or equipment room, either mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or left free-standing.
Cabling Guidelines ● ● ● Switches can be cabled together through any port following the maximum IEEE standard cabling distances outlined below. When connecting a switch to another switch or hub, use a crossover cable. All Fast Ethernet ports can be connected to workstations, hubs, servers or other switches. To operate at 100Mbps, workstations and servers must have a Fast Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) installed.
Installing the Gigabit Uplinks The BitStorm L3S-T has two optional Gigabit uplink modules. The slots for both of these modules are located on the Switch's front panel shown here: Installation steps ● Unplug the Switch. Remove the blank plate covering the expansion slot by gently inserting the tip of a small, flathead screwdriver under the plate. Pop off the plate and discard. ● Slide the expansion module into its slot until it is firmly seated. ● Attach network cables. ● Power on the Switch.
Building a Stack The BitStorm L3S-T can stand alone or be a master controlling of stack of up to three L3S-X switches. When an EN switch is installed in a stack, you configure all ports on the L3S-X switches using the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager on the BitStorm L3S-T. Basic steps ● ● Install the Stacking Interface Module in the BitStorm L3S-T. See Installing a Stacking Interface.
Installing a Stacking Interface The BitStorm L3S-T has three stacking interface slots to connect any BitStorm L3S-X slave switches. These slots are located on the Switch's rear panel shown here: Installation steps 1. 2. 3. 4. Power down the BitStorm L3S-T stack master and any existing BitStorm L3S-X switches connected to it. Unplug the BitStorm L3S-T's power cable. Place the BitStorm L3S-T right side up on a hard, flat surface with the rear facing you.
Mounting in an Equipment Rack The BitStorm L3S-T Switch and its slaves, the BitStorm L3S-X, fit in most standard 19-inch equipment racks. All come with hardware that must be attached before mounting. Important safety instructions ● Maximum operating temperature is 40 degrees Celsius. ● Never restrict the airflow through the device's fans or air vents. ● When installing equipment into a rack, distribute the units evenly. Otherwise, hazardous conditions may be created by an uneven weight distribution.
Powering On the Switch Testing the Switch Test the Switch by turning it on before connecting it to the network. Select the correct power cable Two types of power cables are shipped with the Switch to accommodate the world's different electrical systems. Select the cord for your locale and plug it into the power outlet on the Switch's rear panel. System LEDs The LEDs on the Switch’s front panel will light and blink as the Switch runs its power on self-test (POST).
Setting Up the BitStorm L3S-T Management Console You must connect a management console to the BitStorm L3S-T to change its IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. If this Switch is also a stack master, this IP address information applies to the entire stack. These settings are made using the BitStorm L3S-T's built-in BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager. You reach this software through a PC or terminal attached to the console port on the front of the BitStorm L3S-T Switch.
Setting the Switch's IP Address, Mask and Gateway The Switch is shipped with the these defaults: IP address Gateway address 192.168.111.1(255.255.255.0) 192.168.111.2 (255.255.255.0) Important: ● ● ● IP information applies to all switches in the stack. The default gateway is used in both Layer 2 and Layer 3 configurations to resolve addresses not handled by RIP or attached devices. You must change these defaults to the valid IP address for the Switch.
Installing TFTPSuite2000Pro TFTPSuite2000Pro is located on the CD shipped with the Switch. This software or any TFTP server software is required to upgrade the Switch's firmware. TFTPSuite2000Pro software can be loaded on any networked Windows PC with a CD ROM drive. Setup 1. Place the BitStorm L3S CD in the computer's CD drive and install TFTPSuite2000Pro following the directions that appear on your screen. 2. Select the TFTPServer32 icon to launch the server software. 3.
Upgrading Firmware System software upgrades that add new capabilities to your Switch or stack of Switches are available on our website as soon as they are released. Before you begin: To upgrade firmware for the BitStorm L3S-T : 1. Go to www.elastic.com and download the latest firmware update file. 2. Place the downloaded file on a TFTP server. 3. If you do not already have a TFTP server, install the TFTPSuite2000Pro TFTP software found on the BitStorm L3S CD shipped with your Switch.
Upgrading BitStorm L3S-T firmware using the Command Line 1. Type this command at the prompt and press Enter. >dl is the IP address of the TFTP server is the name of the new file Example: >dl 192.168.4.5 r1_50_11.bin 2. To make the firmware changes take effect, type reset and press Enter.
Finishing the Installation To finish your installation: ● Configure ports using the management interface you prefer. ● Connect network cables. Install MIBs if you are using an SNMP management system other than the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager. ● Set the system password.
The System Password The system password can be set using either the Console or Command Line version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager. The Switch is shipped without a password. Once you create a password and reboot the Switch, the password is encrypted and stored in flash. It cannot be overidden, even by EN technical support. Important: Remember your password! If you forget it, you must follow the recovery procedure described below to regain access to the Switch.
Managing the Switch ● Using Telnet ● Configuring Routing ❍ ● OSPF Configuration Basics Configuring VLANs ❍ VLAN Tagging ❍ Configuring GVRP ● Quality of Service ● BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager - Command Line version ● BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager - Console version ● BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager - Web version 36
Using Telnet You can access the Console version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager and manage the Switch using a Telnet device. Important: ● The Switch supports a maximum of three simultaneous Telnet sessions. ● A session times out after 15 minutes of inactivity. Making a Telnet connection: 1. Make sure you have set the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway directly at the console port as described in the Switch's Quick Start Installation Guide. 2.
Configuring IP Routing The Switch delivers full Layer 3 IP wire-speed routing that is easy to configure. The basic steps are: ● create a routing interface ● ● assign an IP address to the interface implement a dynamic routing protocol, if desired Creating a routing interface You create a routing interface by placing one or more physical ports on the Switch into a port-based VLAN and then assigning an IP address to that VLAN.
OSPF Configuration Basics The Switch supports either RIP or OSPF for unicast routing. Only one of these protocols may be enabled at a time. If you want to enable a different protocol, you must first disable the protocol currently running. RFC compliance The Switch's OSPF implementation complies with: ● OSPFv2 RFC1583 ● RFC 1765 Link Database Overflow ● RFC 1850 OSPF MIB Important: ● ● ● ● ● ● This section assumes you are familiar with OSPF.
internal router (IR) - one with all of its routing interfaces in the same OSPF area area border router (ABR) - one with interfaces in more than one OSPF area. Every ABR listens and exchanges information with other ABRs. Link State Database - a database of all Link State Advertisements originated or received by this router. All routers within an area have exactly the same Link State Database. The OSPF routing table is generated from the Link State Database.
Configuring VLANs - Overview VLANs help you manage traffic and improve network performance. When you configure VLANs, the Switch forwards and filters packets more efficiently. It does so by reading VLAN information contained in the packet header and updating VLAN membership tables by what it learns. It can also insert VLAN information into the packet and transfer it to other switches on the network.
enables protocol-based VLANs on the Switch create network-protocol based VLANs and confine traffic to LAN segments forming a path from the source to all VLAN members sets individual port tagging add priority or VLAN tags to all packets forwarded over the ports that are set for tagging enables GVRP act on all GVRP packets it receives, updating VLAN membership dynamically; advertise its VLAN information to other GVRP devices sets enable egress filtering for each port not forward packets for specific VL
For more information, also see: ● VLAN Tagging ● Configuring GVRP ● Quality of Service 43
VLAN Tagging Static port-based VLANs were originally the only way to segment a network without using routing. But, these port-based VLANs could only be implemented on a single switch or switches cabled together. Routing was required to transfer traffic between unconnected switches. As an alternative to routing, some vendors created proprietary schemes for sharing VLAN information across switches.
in-depth technical discussion, please refer directly to these standards or any of the current popular technical handbooks on the subject.
Configuring GVRP Maintaining consistent VLAN membership information across different switches in a company's network is essential for creating and maintaining a reliable VLAN structure.
Quality of Service (QoS) Quality of Service (QoS) is the ability of a device to reserve sufficient bandwidth for a particular transmission. QoS is important to companies with critical and bandwidth-intensive applications such as e-commerce web servers, multimedia applications, corporate accounting systems and voice over IP. Ethernet and QoS Ethernet networks deliver traffic on a "best effort" basis. All traffic has equal priority and an equal chance of being delivered in a timely manner.
be totally consumed by one priority or traffic class. In that case, you could reserve some portion of memory for the other values. However, adjusting queue sizes can have serious consequences and should not be done without careful consideration. How the Switch handles priority tagged packets The Switch forwards all packets across the switching fabric based on the priority tag it reads in all incoming packets.
Changing the priority tag in an incoming packet By default, when tagged packets arrive, the Switch automatically accepts the priority value in each packet. You can override this value and set the Switch to change the priority tag on incoming packets. The Switch retags the packet with the new priority, transfers it across the fabric and forwards it onto other switches with the new priority value.
Managing with the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Command Line version ● Using the Command Line Interface ● Command List ● General System Settings ● Configuring the Ports ❍ Port Statistics ● Configuring SNMP Settings ● Configuring VLANs ● Configuring VLAN Tagging ● Configuring GVRP ● Creating a Routing Interface ● Managing Route Table Entries ● Configuring RIP ● Configuring OSPF ● IP Filtering ● Quality of Service ● Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol ● Restarting and R
Using the Command Line Interface Command Line version You can control all Switch functions using the Command Line interface. You login to the Command Line version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager from a management console connected to the Switch's console port. For details, see Setting Up a Management Console. Accessing the Command Line 1. From the keyboard on your management console, press Enter. The BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Console Login Password menu appears. 2. Enter your password.
Command List Command Line This is a complete list of all commands available in the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager. Entering commands ● ● ● Commands must be entered in lower case. Names used in commands can be either upper or lower case. Use quotation marks when entering your own names that include a space, such as when naming ports or VLANs. For example: >set vlan name "Sales 3rd floor" requires quotation marks. >set vlan name Sales does not require quotation marks.
Example: >area 0.0.0.4 range 192.168.98.0/16 >[no] area authentication adds or removes an OSPF area's password protection Example: >area authentication 0.0.0.1 >arp [-a | -d | -s] [ ip_address ] [mac_addr ] [vid] [ port_number] displays and manipulates ARP cache entries [-a] adds a host IP address and associates it with the MAC address, a VLAN ID and a port number. The MAC address is given as 6 hexadecimal bytes separated by colons. The entry is permanent.
>history lists all commands used Example: >history >ip ospf enables or disables an OSPF interface Example: >ip ospf enable 192.168.23.3 >ip ospf authentication-key sets the password for an OSPF interface Example: >ip ospf authentication-key 192.168.23.3 diablo42 >ip ospf cost assigns a metric to an OSPF interface Example: >ip ospf cost 192.168.23.
sets the switch to advertise its static routes to other routers is the address of the other router When no is added, then the route will only be known locally Example: >redistribute static 192.168.3.23 Example: >no redistribute static 192.168.3.
Example: >router ospf Example: >no router ospf >set dhcp [off] sets whether the switch gets its IP address from a DHCP server. If it does, the IP address is used for the switch's default port-based VLAN only Example: >set dhcp >set garp timer [leaveall | leave | join] sets the timers for the GARP protocol. Same as >set gvrp timer.
>set port [enable | disable] enables or disables one or more ports by port number Example: >set port enable 12 Example: >set port disable 1,4-8,15 >set port duplex [full | half] sets full duplex mode for specific ports Example: >set port duplex 12 full >set port flowcontrol [on | off] sets the port's flow control on or off Example: >set port flowcontrol 4 off >set port gvrp-status [enable | disable] enables or disables GVRP for one or more ports Exampl
specifies the amount of buffer memory the switch reserves in the outgoing queue for specified ports and traffic classes one or more or a range of ports one or more traffic classes, from 0 - 3 0 through 100. The default is 100.
>set span [enable | disable] enables or disables spanning tree on one or more ports Example: >set span disable 6 >set spantree [enable | disable] enables or disables spanning tree on the switch Example: >set spantree disable >set spantree fwddelay sets forwarding delay for spanning tree. Default is 15 seconds. ranges from 4-30 seconds. Example: >set spantree fwddelay 9 >set spantree hello sets hello response time for spanning tree ranges 1-10 seconds.
Example: >set time 2/5/00 17:30:15 Example: >set time17:30 Example: >set time 2/5/00 >set timezone sets the switch time relative to UTC Valid entries range from -23 to + 24 Example: >set timezone +8 >set vlan sets how the switch updates VLAN membership information for the GVRP protocol means ports specified in the port_list are always members of the specified VID means ports specified are never members of the VID means the s
>show ip ospf [area | interface | routes] shows the current status of OSPF show ip ospf shows whether the protocol is enabled, its areas, interfaces and authentication [area] shows configuration and status information for OSPF areas [interface] shows configuration and status information for OSPF interfaces [routes] shows next hop for all routes Example: >show ip ospf area OSPF Areas Area ID Stub Area #IFs 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.
shows the setting of the acceptable frame type parameter for the specified port Example: >show port acceptable-types 3 >show port gvrp-status shows whether GVRP is enabled on the specified port Example: >show port gvrp-status 3 >show port ingress-filtering shows the setting of the ingress filtering parameter for the specified port Example: >show port ingress-filtering 3 >show port pvid shows the port's VID Example: >show port pvid 3 >show port name dis
>show qos numclasses shows the number of available class queues for the specified incoming port. This value is read-only.
>show spantree displays spanning tree status and port status Example: >show spantree >show time displays the date, time and day of the week. Time is in 24-hour format. Example: >show time >show timezone displays the time zone offset from the UTC Example: >show timezone >show version displays the switch's hardware and software versions, system name, SNMP IP, mask and gateway. This information is helpful when troubleshooting or upgrading software.
traces the route that an IP datagram follows from one host to another. It is helpful in debugging routes from the switch to a specified destination. Replies and information for each hop are displayed on the screen. Enter Control-C to stop the program. the IP address of the destination host [v] verbose setting displays additional information along with replies from the hosts limits the number of hops or hosts tried during the probe. A number from 0-255. Example: >traceroute 192.23.3.
General System Settings Command Line This section explains how you can: ● name your Switch set its IP address, subnet mask and default gateway ● set up or change the system password ● set the Switch's internal clock ● view the Switch's hardware and software versions ● upgrade firmware ● >set password creates the system password Example: >set password Enter Password: diablo >set system contact enters contact information for system support; enter up to 16 text characters Example: >set syste
>show version displays the switch's hardware and software versions, system name, SNMP IP, mask and gateway. This information is helpful when troubleshooting or upgrading new software. Example: >show version Switch Name : SwitchA Up Time : 0:00:33 Contact : EN Technical Support Location : MAC Address : 0:a0:ae:60:2:0 Default Gateway : 192.168.111.2 Trap Level : 1 BOOTP/DHCP Hardware Version : Model X Software Version : v1.5 SNMP Agent IP Address: 111.23.3.123 SNMP Agent Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.
Configuring the Ports Command Line After you have configured the Switch's system parameters and password, you can configure individual ports. Important: ● Fast Ethernet ports are numbered from 1 through 24. ● If installed, Gigabit uplink modules are numbered 25 and 26. ● ● Modelname switch ports are numbered from 27 and above based on the Stacking Interface slot they are connected to on the BitStorm L3S-T master.
Example: >set port negotiation 7 disable When auto-negotiation is enabled on a port, the Switch decides the port speed and duplex mode when that port establishes a link to another connection. Auto-negotiation must be enabled on both ends of the link. 4. To set duplex mode: >set port duplex [full | half] Example: >set port duplex 12 full When auto-negotiation is disabled, select half or full to set the duplex mode. full is automatically set if auto-negotiation is enabled.
Port Statistics Command Line 1. To see the traffic statistics for any switch port, type >show port statistics 2. Enter the number of the port whose statistics you want to see in the port_number field. You can only display statistics for one port at a time. The values accumulated since the Switch was last turned on or reset appear in these status fields. ❍ Receive Octets: Total number of octets received on this port. ❍ Receive Packets: The number of unicast packets received on this port.
Configuring SNMP Settings Command Line You can configure the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on your BitStorm L3S Switch to: ● ● ● Send traps, or error messages, to one or more management stations Define community names, or passwords, to limit access to the Switch Access MIB files SNMP traps You can monitor significant events on your network by having the Switch send error messages, called traps, to a network management system or console.
2. To set the trap destination for the specified IP address and optional mask: >set snmp trap [] is the community name Example: >set snmp trap192.168.3.8/24 public 3. To remove the SNMP trap for the specific address: >clear snmp trap Example: >clear snmp trap 192.168.3.8 4.
>clear snmp community Example: >clear snmp community support 73
Configuring VLANs Command Line You can create port-based and protocol-based VLANs using the Command Line interface. Important ● ● ● Port-based VLANs segment your network by physical switch ports. They are also required for routing interfaces. Network protocol-based VLANs are an effective way to segment your network into broadcast domains according to the network protocols in use. Traffic from IPX, Appletalk, NETBEUI and legacy systems using mainframe protocols is automatically confined to a VLAN.
Configuring VLAN Tagging Command Line version This section describes the commands to implement 802.1Q VLAN tagging. Important: ● ● Only enable 802.1Q tagging on ports directly connected to other 802.1Q enabled devices. If you connect tag-enabled ports to non-802.1Q devices, these devices may think these packets, which are slightly larger, are errors and drop them. After setting up VLAN tagging, see Configuring GVRP to set the Switch propagate this information to other 802.1Q devices.
received from other 802.
Configuring GVRP Command Line version This section describes the commands to implement the GVRP protocol. Important: ● GVRP Timers - The Switch issues GVRP PDUs to other 802.1Q devices to update VLAN membership information dynamically. These 802.1Q devices use this information to add and delete dynamic VLANs or add and delete ports to an existing VLAN. The Switch sends these PDUs at the time intervals specified in the IEEE standard. We recommend that you do not change these settings.
Creating a Routing Interface Command Line You create a routing interface by creating a port-based VLAN and giving it an IP address. Important: ● Creating a routing interface adds a static route to the Switch's routing table. ● A routing interface can include more than one port. ● A port can be a member of more than one routing interface. ● You cannot modify a routing interface. To change it, you must delete the interface and recreate it. Configuration steps 1.
Managing Route Table Entries Command Line The routing table contains all routes known to the Switch. It includes: ● all static routes created when a routing interface is created ● all dynamic routes maintained through RIP or OSPF Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) The Address Resolution Protocol is a mechanism for finding a MAC address from an IP address. ARP broadcasts an IP address onto the network when it needs to find a MAC address.
is the destination's default gateway is the cost assigned to this route Example: >route change 192.168.211.2 192.168.2.2 metric 5 5. To see route table entries currently stored in hardware: >rc [ | -a] -r Example: >rc 192.168.3.16 -r Example: >rc -a -r host IP is IP address -a is all -r include raw data in the display 6. If you want to see and manipulate ARP entries: >arp [-a | -d | -s] [ ip_address ] [mac_addr ] [vid] [ port_number ] Example: >arp -a 192.168.3.
Configuring RIP Command Line The Switch supports either RIP or OSPF for unicast routing. Only one of these protocols may be enabled at a time. Configuration steps 1. To enable RIP and set its parameters, enter your choices using this command: >rip To enable RIP, select on. The default is off. In , enter an IP address for a single interface or asterisk (*) to enable RIP on all interfaces 2.
Configuring OSPF Command Line This section describes the steps required to configure OSPF. For more detail, see OSPF Configuration Basics. Important: ● OSPF timers should be left at their recommended default settings. Changes to these timers can have serious consequences. If they are not set the same for each OSPF router on your network, the routers will not exchange information.
>ip ospf hello-interval assigns the OSPF hello time interval, which is the time in seconds that the switch waits before issuing another hello packet. This value must be the same in all neighboring routers. The default is 10 seconds. Example: >ip ospf hello-internal 192.168.23.
Example: >show ip ospf routes ROUTE MASK 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 TOS 0 NEXT HOP 0.0.0.0 >show ip ospf database lists the contents of the Link State Database Example: >show ip ospf database LSA DATABASE OF AREA : 0.0.0.5 LSA Type Link ID ADV Router Age Seq#(hex) CheckSum LSA DATABASE OF AREA : 0.0.0.4 LSA Type Link ID ADV Router Age Seq#(hex) CheckSum Router 192.168.3.123 192.168.3.
>ip ospf authentication-key The same authentication key applied to the interface is used for the area. To password protect an area, type this command: >area authentication Example: ip ospf authentication-key ip ospf authentication-key area authentication 192.23.3.23 192.48.5.6 0.0.0.1 mypasswd mypasswd 8. One of the benefits of OSPF areas is that groups of networks within areas can be shown, or summarized, with a single entry in the routing table of another ABR.
IP Filtering Command Line IP Filtering blocks traffic leaving the Switch based on a destination IP address. This is useful when you want to restrict certain users or subnets from gaining access to other locations such as certain websites or network segments. Configuration Steps To set up IP Filtering, you first create an access list or filtering entry that specifies whether traffic to a specific IP address is permitted or not.
Quality of Service Command Line The Switch is already set to automatically read the 802.1p priority bits in incoming packets, map these priorities to default traffic classes and place priority-tagged packets in traffic class queues for priority servicing. Important: ● ● You only need to configure QoS settings if you want to change the Switch defaults.
4. To set the size of the four traffic classes that the Switch creates for outbound packets: >set qos egressqueuesize specifies the amount of buffer memory the switch reserves in the outgoing queue for specified ports and traffic classes one or more or a range of ports one or more traffic classes, from 0 - 3 0 through 100. The default is 100. Example: >set qos egressqueuesize 2, 3 75% 5.
Example: >set qos egressqueuesize 1-2 0-3 shows queue sizes for all classes for ports 1 through 2: Port 1, Priority 0 is using 100% Port 1, Priority 1 is using 100% Port 1, Priority 2 is using 100% Port 1, Priority 3 is using 100% Port 2, Priority 0 is using 90% Port 2, Priority 1 is using 90% Port 2, Priority 2 is using 90% Port 2, Priority 3 is using 90% >show qos ingressqueuesize Gigabit ports only: shows the incoming data queue sizes, in percent, for the specified list of Gigab
Example: >show qos trafficclass 1-3 0-3 Port 1, Priority is 0 is class 1 Port 1, Priority is 1 is class 0 Port 1, Priority is 2 is class 0 Port 1, Priority is 3 is class 1 Port 2, Priority is 0 is class 1 Port 2, Priority is 1 is class 0 Port 2, Priority is 2 is class 0 Port 2, Priority is 3 is class 1 Port 3, Priority is 0 is class 1 Port 3, Priority is 1 is class 0 Port 3, Priority is 2 is class 0 Port 3, Priority is 3 is class 1 >show qos trafficclassname displays the class names for the des
Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol Command Line The Switch implements the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol to detect and preserve an active bridged local area network topology. Spanning Tree blocks certain ports to prevent bandwidth-sapping traffic loops while preserving fault tolerance by maintaining a redundant bridge path as backup. If the first bridge path should fail, the secondary bridge path takes over.
can range from 6-40 seconds 6. Set port cost by typing: >set spantree portcost is a value from 1-65535. This cost value is added to the root path cost field in a configuration BPDU received on this port to determine the cost of the path to the root through this port. 7.
Restarting and Resetting the Switch, Factory Defaults Command Line Important: ● When you change the configuration, always allow a few seconds for the Switch to process the change. If you turn the Switch off immediately, you could lose the new settings. 1. You must type: >reset after changing the Switch's IP address or subnet mask to have these changes take effect. 2. To erase all configuration settings and restore all factory defaults, type: >reset system. 3.
Managing with the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Console version ● Logging into BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager ● BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager - Main Menu ● Navigating the Screens ● System Setup ❍ Resetting Factory Defaults ● Configuring the System ● Configuring the Ports ● Viewing Port Configuration ● Viewing Port Statistics ● Configuring SNMP Settings ● Configuring VLANs ● Creating a Routing Interface ● Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol ● Restarting and Resettin
Logging into the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Console Version You log into the BitStorm L3S-T's console program from a workstation, terminal or modem connected to the console port on the front panel of the Switch. Your management console must be running a VT100 emulation, such as Windows HyperTerminal. See Setting Up a Management Console. 1. From the keyboard on your management console, press Enter. The BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Console Login Password menu appears.
BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Console version The Console version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager can be used to: ● Configure the system, including password changes and the Spanning Tree Protocol ● Configure all ports Create port-based VLANs ● Configure IP routing ● Configure SNMP settings ● Reach the Command Line interface ● Reset the system ● The Console Main Menu items are described below.
● enable or disable ports ● set speed, flow control and full duplex mode View Port Configuration: ● onscreen table of all ports and settings configured in Set Port Configuration Port Statistics: ● see the statistics for each port on the Switch Set Trap Destinations: ● enter the IP addresses where SNMP traps are to be sent Set Device Community: ● define SNMP community names and set access modes for them VLAN Configuration: ● set up port-based VLANs Set IP Routing Interfaces: ● configure one or
Navigating the Console Screens ● Use the up, down, left and right arrow keys or the Ctrl key and the highlighted menu character to select menu items. ● The currently selected item is highlighted, as shown here: ● Press Ctrl-S to select Save or Ctrl-E for Exit. ● Press Enter to select a displayed item or bring up another screen. ● Press Esc at any time to return to the main menu. ● Items in angle brackets have options that are selected by scrolling with the Space bar.
System Setup Menu Console version Select System Setup from the Console Main Menu to: ● ● ● set up or change the system password download files to update firmware reset the Switch to its factory default settings 99
Reset Factory Defaults Reset Factory Defaults restores these original configuration settings made at the factory: System Factory Default Settings Function Default Setting IP Address 192.168.111.1 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway 192.168.111.
Configuring the System Console version 1. Select System Configuration from the Console Main Menu to reach the System Configuration screen: 2. In Switch Name, enter a unique name up to 32 alphanumeric characters to identify this Switch in your network, for example, "Backbone Bldg. 1" or "Accounting Switch X." 3. Up Time shows how much time has passed since the Switch was turned on or rebooted. 4. In Contact, enter the name of the person to contact if problems occur. The default is EN Technical Support.
Configuring the Ports Console version After you have configured the Switch's system parameters and password, you can configure individual ports. Important: ● Fast Ethernet ports are numbered from 1 through 24. ● If installed, Gigabit uplink modules are numbered 25 and 26. ● ● Modelname switch ports are numbered from 27 and above based on the Stacking Interface slot they are connected to on the BitStorm L3S-T master.
port and its connected node. 6. Port Enable. To enable or disable the selected port or range of ports, make your selection in the Port Enable field. Disabled ports do not transmit any packets to connected segments, nor forward any received packets to the switching backplane. 7. Port Auto-Negotiation. Select enable or disable in the Port Auto-Negotiation field. When auto-negotiation is enabled, the Switch decides the port speed and duplex mode of the port when it establishes a link to another device.
View Port Configuration Console version View Port Configuration is an an onscreen table of all ports and their current settings. 1. Select View Port Configuration from the Console Main Menu to reach a screen similar to this: 2. Select NEXT to reach a second screen showing additional ports. 3. Select EXIT to leave this screen.
Viewing Port Statistics Console version To view statistics for any switch port, select Port Statistics from the Console Main Menu. This screen appears: 1. In the Port Number field, enter the number of the port whose statistics you want to see. The values accumulated since the Switch was last turned on or reset appear in these status fields. ❍ Receive Octets: Total number of octets received on this port. ❍ Receive Unicast Packets: The number of unicast packets received on this port.
4. Select Exit to leave this screen.
Configuring SNMP Settings Console version You can configure the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on your Switch to: ● send traps, or error messages, to one or more management stations ● define community names, or passwords, to limit access to the Switch Set trap destinations You can monitor significant events on your network by having the Switch send error messages, called traps, to a network management system or console.
3. Enter the community name of the network management system. This name must be one of the same community names entered in the Set Device Community screen decribed below. Important: Before an SNMP management system can retrieve data from the Switch, it must supply at least one of the community names entered. 4. To save these entries, select SAVE and press the Enter key. 5. To cancel the changes, select EXIT and press the Enter key.
Configuring VLANs by Port Console version You can create port-based VLANs to: ● contain traffic at Layer 2 by creating separate physical segments ● set one or more ports as routing interfaces When you configure routing, traffic can be routed between Layer 2 VLANs on this Switch as well as to other network routers. Configuration steps 1. Create or modify port-based VLANs by selecting VLAN Configuration from the Console Main Menu.
Creating a Routing Interface Console version To set up a routing interface, you assign an IP address to a port-based VLAN. Before setting up a routing interface, you must first create the VLAN. See Creating VLANs by Port. From the Console Main Menu, select Set IP Routing Interfaces. This screen appears: 1. Enter the IP address, subnet mask and VID for each routing interface you wish to create. 2. To delete a routing interface, place an x in the Delete column. 3. Select SAVE to save your entries.
Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol Console version The Switch implements the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol to detect and preserve an active bridged local area network topology. Spanning tree blocks certain ports to prevent bandwidth-sapping traffic loops while preserving fault tolerance by maintaining a redundant bridge path as backup. If the first bridge path should fail, the secondary bridge path takes over. To set the parameters for spanning tree, select Spanning Tree from the Console Main Menu.
8. Port State is a read-only field showing the operating state of the port when only one port was selected. The five possible states are Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding, and Disabled. An asterisk (*) appears in this field if you selected a group of ports in different operating states. 9. Enter a value from 0-255 in the Port Priority field. This influences the choice of port when a bridge has two ports connected in a loop. A lower numerical value gives that port a higher priority.
Restarting and Resetting the Switch Console version To restart or reset the Switch: ● Use Warm Start to put any changes you made into effect. If none were made, it keeps the current settings. ● ● Use Shutdown when you have to unplug the Switch. If you wish to erase all configuration settings, use Reset Factory Defaults found under System Setup on the Console Main Menu. Select Shutdown/Warm Start from the Console Main Menu. This screen appears. Make your selection and press Enter.
Managing with the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Web version ● Installing the Java Plug-In ● Logging into BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager ● BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager - Main Menu ● Identifying the Switch on your Network ● Configuring Ports ● Configuring GVRP ● Creating a Routing Interface ❍ Configuring RIP ■ ❍ ● RIP Settings - Advanced Configuring OSPF Configuring VLANs ❍ By Port ❍ By MAC Address ❍ By Network Protocol ● Spanning Tree ● Setting SNMP Traps ● Quality
Installing the Java Plug-In Web version The Web version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager requires a Java plug-in module to operate with Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer for Windows and Windows NT. You will find this Java module on the BitStorm L3S CD shipped with your Switch. To install this module: 1. 2. 3. 4. Copy the Java plug-in file from the CD to the hard drive of your Windows management station. Click on the Java icon. Follow the installation instructions that appear on your screen.
Logging into the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Web version Important: Make sure you have installed the Java plug-in module on your management station before attempting to login. To login into the Switch's web-based device management software: 1. Enter the Switch's IP address in the address window of your web browser. This login screen appears: 2. Enter admin in the User Name. 3. Enter the system password.
BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager Web version The Web version of the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager gives you control over the Switch through a web browser. Workstation requirements: ● A PC with a minimum of 64MB RAM, fully configured for the web browser ● Windows or Windows NT versions of either Netscape Navigator or Microsoft’s Internet Explorer ● Java plug-in Accessing BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager The BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager is already loaded in your Switch.
Identifying the Switch on your Network Web version The System Configuration screen shows the information you need to identify this Switch on your network, its hardware and software version numbers and the amount of time it has been running. To help you identify this Switch further, you can also enter the Switch's: ● name ● physical location, such as "Second Flr SW closet". ● a person to contact in the event of problems. Select Configuration from the Main Menu, then System to display this screen.
Configuring Ports Web version Select Ports, under Configuration on the Main Menu. The Port Configuration screen appears: Moving about the screen This screen is designed to make configuring ports a very quick and easy task. You can configure any setting for a single port, a group of ports or all ports at once. ● The ports selected are highlighted in blue as shown above. ● To configure all ports at once, click on Select All. ● To select a single port, click on the port number button.
auto-negotiation must be enabled on both ends of the link. With auto-negotiation enabled, Duplex and Speed cannot be changed. Auto-negotiation cannot be changed on Gigabit uplinks, Ports 25 and 26. 6. Select full or half in the Duplex field to set the port 's duplex mode. To make full duplex mode work properly, both ends of the link must be configured to full duplex mode. This field is not available when auto-negotiation is enabled. 7. Select yes or no in the Enabled field to bring the port up or down.
Configuring GVRP Web version To make it possible to manage and distribute VLAN membership information to different switches through the LAN, the IEEE defined the Generic Attribute Resolution Protocol (GARP), a dynamic protocol that is currently applied in two variations: ● GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP). In GVRP, a device can create or request admission to a specific VLAN. GVRP devices can declare that they want to join or leave an existing VLAN and learn about the VLAN membership on other devices.
3. Select Modify to display the GARP Port Configuration screen. 4. Make a selection in Acceptable frame types to set how you want a specific port to handle incoming packets. All frames sets the port to accept packets with or without a VLAN tag. VLAN-tagged only sets the port to drop all packets without a VLAN tag. 5. Ingress filtering sets the port's filtering behavior—whether this port should accept or discard tagged frames that are for VLANs to which this port does not belong.
Creating a Routing Interface Web version Creating a routing interface adds a static route to the Switch's routing table. You create a routing interface by simply creating a port-based VLAN and giving it an IP address. Important: ● Routing interfaces and other types of VLANs already created appear with their VLAN Name, the VLAN Type and VID. ● Port-based VLANs are the only VLAN types that can be routing interfaces. ● Other VLAN types that may be listed are MAC, IP Subnet and Protocol.
1. To add a routing interface, select Add to display the screen shown below. 2. Select either Create a new VLAN or Use an existing VLAN. 3. If you selected Create a new VLAN, enter the VLAN name on the next screen. Select the ports to be included in the VLAN and enter the IP address and IP subnet mask for this interface. 4. If you selected Use an existing VLAN, enter the VLAN's VID and the IP address and IP subnet mask for this interface on the next screen. 5.
Configuring RIP Web version To configure RIP on a routing interface, select RIP from the Routing Interface screen. The RIP Configuration screen appears: 1. To enable RIP, select on under Operaton Mode. Off disables RIP on this interface. 2. Select the Protocol for outgoing packets. The options are Silent RIP—this interface only listens and updates its route entries based on the advertisements heard.
RIP Settings - Advanced Web version Configuration steps To configure RIP's advanced settings on a particular interface, highlight RIP from the Routing Interface screen. The RIP Configuration screen appears: 1. Select the Advanced tab and enable all of the options you wish by clicking in each box. 2. Split horizon processing prevents routing loops and reduces bandwidth consumption. The default setting is enabled. Select the checkmark to disable. 3.
Configuring OSPF Web version ● ● You can only configure and change some OSPF settings using the Web version. For complete control over all OSPF settings use the Command Line version, see Configuring OSPF - Command Line. For more detail on the screens described below, see OSPF Configuration Basics. Configuration steps 1. To configure OSPF, select OSPF from the Routing Interfaces screen found under Configuration on the Main Menu. The OSPF Configuration screen shown on the top right appears. 2.
Configuring VLANs Web version Select VLANs, under Configuration on the Main Menu. This screen appears, displaying the Switch’s default port VLAN and any existing VLANs. The Add button is enabled as long as the maximum number of VLANs has not been reached. ● Name is any name you enter to describe and identify the VLAN. ● Type is the VLAN type—Port, MAC, IP, network protocol or multicast. ● ● ● ID is the VID or VLAN ID number. A number that the Switch assigns to a VLAN name.
Configuring VLANs by Port Web version Port-based VLANs are suited to environments where users move and workstations do not. They are the most common and are simple to configure. ● A port can belong to more than one VLAN. 1. Select VLANs, under Configuration on the Main Menu. 2. Select Add to display the VLAN Types screen. 3. Select Port to display this screen. 4. Enter a VLAN Name to identify this VLAN. 5. Select Allow propagation of 802.
Configuring VLANs by MAC Address Web version 1. Select VLANs, under Configuration on the Main Menu. 2. Select Add to display the Edit MAC Type VLAN screen: 1. Enter a VLAN name. The Switch assigns the VID. 2. Enter individual MAC addresses one at a time. All MAC addresses must be entered in the valid MAC format which is six hexadecimal bytes separated by dashes (aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff). Select OK when all MAC addresses have been entered.
Configuring VLANs by Network Protocol Web version You can create static protocol-based VLANs or have the Switch create them dynamically for these five protocol types: ● IP ● IPX ● Appletalk ● DecNet ● DecLat Configuration steps 1. To have the Switch automatically create dynamic protocol-based VLANs, under Configuration on the Main Menu, select VLANs, then Auto-Create to display this screen: 2.
6. To set whether or not the Switch updates VLAN membership information based on GVRP messages received from other 802.1Q devices, click on individual ports until the appropriate color is displayed.
Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol Web version The Switch implements the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol to detect and preserve an active bridged local area network topology. Spanning tree blocks certain ports to prevent bandwidth-sapping traffic loops while preserving fault tolerance by maintaining a redundant bridge path as backup. If the first bridge path should fail, the secondary bridge path takes over. You can enable the spanning tree on one, several or all ports on the Switch.
400-3000, in 10ms units (4-30 seconds in 1/100-second increments). Spanning Tree Port Table The Spanning Tree Port Table shows the status of spanning on all ports on the Switch. You can modify certain parameters and enable or disable spanning tree on selected ports. 1. Enter a value from 0-255 in the Port Priority field. This influences the choice of port when a bridge has two ports connected in a loop. A lower numerical value gives that port a higher priority. 2.
Setting SNMP Traps Web version You can configure the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) on your BitStorm L3S Switch to: ● ● Send traps, or error messages, to one or more management stations Define community names, or passwords, to limit access to the Switch. Community names Community names cannot be defined in the Web version. All community names and access rights are set using either the Console or Command Line versions.
can save a dynamically learned station by simply changing its attribute from dynamic to permanent. 1. The IP address and subnet mask of all stations currently receiving traps are listed. To add other stations to the list, fill in the IP Address and IP Mask fields with the correct information. 2. Toggle through the Attribute field. Your choices are permanent or dynamic. Permanent means the specified IP address is permanently saved in the Switch's memory until you change it.
Quality of Service Web version The Switch is already set to automatically read the 802.1p priority bits in incoming packets, map these priorities to default traffic classes and place priority-tagged packets in traffic class queues for priority servicing. Important: ● ● ● ● You do not need to configure QoS, but you can change the Switch defaults if desired.
Name. The Web version identifies traffic classes by the default names or those changed using the Command Line version. These names correspond to traffic class values 0-3.
Monitoring Performance Web version ● Unit Analysis ● System Resources 139
Unit Analysis Unit Analysis displays standard SNMP MIB II Interfaces group information for each port on the Switch and Etherlike1 and Etherlike2 statistical information. Each group is shown on its own screen and is also compiled in the Statistical Chart, a single screen on which you can view all of these groups at once.
Unit Analysis - Inbound ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ifDesc - Interface Description: name that identifies an individual port ifInOctets - Interface Incoming Octets: number of octets received on the port, including framing characters ifInUncastPkts - Interface Incoming Unicast Packets: number of unicast packets received on the port IfInNUcastPkts - Interface Incoming Non-Unicast Packets: number of non-unicast (multicast and broadcast) packets received on the port ifInDiscards - Interface Incoming Discards: number of in
Unit Analysis - Outbound ● ifDesc - Interface Description: name that identifies an individual port ● ifOutOctets - Outbound Octets: number of octets transmitted on the port, including framing characters ● ifOutUncastPkts - Outbound Unicast Packets: number of unicast packets transmitted on the port ● ● ● IfOutNUcastPkts - Outbound Non-Unicast Packets: number of non-unicast (multicast and broadcast) packets transmitted on the port ifOutDiscards - Outbound Discards: number of outbound packets discarded
Unit Analysis - EtherLike1 Statistics ● AlignmentErrors: received packets that are not an integral number of octets ● FCSErrors: received packets that do not pass the FCS check ● SingleCollision: successfully transmitted packets that experience exactly one collision ● MultipleCollision: successfully transmitted packets that experience more than one collision ● SQETestErrors: number of times that the SQE test error message is generated ● DeferredTrans - Deferred Transmissions: number of packets f
Unit Analysis - EtherLike2 Statistics ● ● ● ● ● ExcessiveCollisions: packets for which transmission fails due to excessive collisions IntMacTransErr - Internal MAC Receive Errors: packets not transmitted because of internal MAC transmit error CarrierSenseErr - Carrier Sense Errors: number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a packet FrameToolong - Frame Too Long: frames received that exceed maximum permitted packet size IntMacReceiveErrs - Inter
Unit Analysis - Statistical Chart In the Statistical Chart, you can see a graph of the statistics of any category in any of the five groups in Unit Analysis: ● Inbound ● ● Outbound EtherLike Statistics1 ● Etherlike Statistics2 ● EtherLikeCollisions 1. Select Statistical Chart from any tab on the Unit Analysis screen to display this screen: 1. Select the statistical group by scrolling through the options in Select Interface. 2.
System Resources Web version To get status information on CPU and DRAM use and the status of flash memory in the Switch, select System Resources under Monitoring on the Main Menu. This screen appears: 1. These items are all explained below. 2. To change the Switch's polling time from its default of every 5 seconds, click on Poll Timer 5 seconds and select a number from 1 to 60 seconds. CPU Usage: ● Type: type of CPU installed in the Switch.
Flash Size: ● Total Size: the total number of kilobytes in flash memory ● Boot Loader Size: kilobytes required by boot loader ● Boot Image Size: kilobytes required for boot image ● Free Space Size: kilobytes available in flash memory ● Non-Volatile Size: kilobytes reserved for non-volatile storage Flash Status: ● Last Erase Time: the last time flash was erased ● Last Boot Status: 1 = Good, 2 = Bad. Shows the condition of flash after last boot.
Restarting and Resetting the Switch Web version To restart or reset the Switch: ● Use Warm Restart to put any configuration changes you made into effect. ● ● Use Factory Reset to delete all settings and restore them to the factory default settings. See Factory Defaults for a list of these settings. If you need to power down the Switch, use Shutdown on the Console Main Menu. 1. To restart the Switch, select Warm Start under Maintenance on the Main Menu. Click on Yes. 1.
Using Other SNMP Management Systems If you are using any SNMP management system other than the BitStorm L3S Series Device Manager, you must install MIB files on your management workstation. These files can be found on the CD shipped with your switch.
RMON Remote Monitoring (RMON) is a widely-adopted industry standard for retrieving network statistics from remote devices. RMON helps you detect changes in traffic and error patterns in critical areas of your network. Using RMON, you can set threshold levels and be notified when these levels are reached. RMON consists of: 1. an RMON agent or remote "probe" to the network segment you want to monitor and 2. the RMON manager or the management interface.
Appendix ● BitStorm L3S-T Technical Specifications ● BitStorm L3S-X Technical Specifications ● Notices ● Glossary 151
BitStorm L3S-T Technical Specifications Management ● Spanning Tree ● DHCP client ● RMONv1 - Groups 1,2,3,9 ● SNMPv1 including MIBII, Etherlike MIB, Bridge MIB and an enterprise MIB to control VLANs and Routing ● Password security ● Field upgradable firmware with TFTP ● Supports HTTP, HTML and Java ● Options - Command Line interface - Netscape or Internet Explorer - VT100 emulation through RS232C console port - SNMP-compatible software such as HP OpenView - TELNET Routing ● IP routing of mor
Port Memory Fast Ethernet ports – 512K per 8 ports, allocated dynamically; Gigabit ports – 512K per port, dedicated Packet Forwarding Store-and-forward Error Checking CRC, runt, dribble, alignment, jabber Address Support 24K total MAC addresses supported on 10/100 ports; another 8K supported on each Gigabit port Standards Compliance Network Protocols Electromagnetic Compatibility Safety • 802.3u 100Base-TX, 100Base-FX • 802.3z 1000Base-SX • 802.3x Flow Control • 802.1D Bridging • 802.
BitStorm L3S-X Technical Specifications Physical Specifications Ports Front Panel Indicators Dimensions Rack Mount 24 10/100Base-TX with RJ-45 UTP connectors Link/Activity, Speed 100 17.6” (44.5cm) x 1.75” (4.4cm) x 14” (35.
Notices Copyright, 2000 Elastic Networks, Inc. (EN) All rights reserved. This document and all material contained within it are copyrighted. The document may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form except for the customer's own use with a purchased product without prior written consent from EN. EN reserves the right to make modifications to the product without notification.
scheinen. 15. Das Gerät wird durch Ziehen des Netzsteckers ausgeschaltet. Das Gerät sollte deshalb in der Nähe der Steckdose installiert werden, und die Steckdose sollte leicht zugänglich sein. Federal Communications Commission Notice This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Glossary The following are definitions for technical terms and acronyms used in the data communications industry and in this manual. Simply click on the initial of the word or term you are looking for.
ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit; a chip designed for a particular application. ASICs are commonly used in networking devices to maximize performance with minimum cost ARP Address Resolution Protocol. A dynamic method of discovering the MAC address of a device on the network. A device sends an ARP request out with the IP address of the machine it is looking for. The machine with that IP address answers, sending its MAC address to the requester. ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Units.
DAS Dual-Attach Station; a type of node that offers two connections, with each connection going to another node or concentrator Data Link Layer See Layer 2 Desktop Switch A switching hub designed to support a single MAC address or client on each port Destination Address The IP or MAC address of the node that is to receive the packet. DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol.
Full-Duplex The communication mode in which a device simultaneously sends and receives over the same wire, doubling the bandwidth. A full duplex 10Mbps connection operates at 20 Mbps. A full duplex 100Mpbs connection operates at 200Mpbs. Gigabit Ethernet Networking standard for transmitting data at 1000Mbps Half-Duplex The communication mode in which a device that is capable of simultaneously sending and receiving performs only one of these functions. See full duplex.
In-Band A connection to the Switch directly through the RS232C port. Accessing the Switch through a terminal or workstation, or modem directly connected to the serial port. See out-of-band. Intelligent Switch A routing switch; a switch that uses Layer 3 information to maintain routing tables and perform routing functions.
Learning Constraint Policies that an administrator sets in the Switch's management system to limit or override the Switch's ability to automatically learn addresses and update address tables Line Rate See wire speed Local Traffic Packets that are sent and received on the Switch's ports; traffic that is not forwarded by a router. MAC Media Access Control. Layer 2 of the OSI model; the data link layer responsible for scheduling, transmitting and receiving data on a local area network.
OSPF Open Shortest Path First. A routing protocol that maintains a map of all other routers and the networks to which they connect. Sends short messages asking whether a neighbor is alive and reachable. More efficient, scalable than vector-distance routing protocols that maintain table of all known destinations and number of hops to reach them.
RSVP Reservation Protocol; an IEEE standard used to provide Quality of Service on Ethernet by reserving bandwidth before packet transfers to insure its availability Runt An Ethernet packet that is invalid because it is too short, fewer than 64 bytes. The Switch discards all runts.
Store-and-Forward Switching feature where the receiving port receives the entire incoming packet and stores it in the buffers before forwarding it to the destination port; unlike cut-through switching, this method checks for runts and error packets and forwards only the good packets to the destination Switch Device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments Switch Motherboard Main board inside a switch where the switching circuitry is located Switching Fabric A term used to specify the ma
VID VLAN Identifier; a number identifying a specific VLAN VLAN Virtual LAN; a logical, not physical, group of devices, defined by software. VLANs allow network administrators to resegment their networks without physically rearranging the devices or network connections.
