NWA3550 IEEE 802.11a/b/g Outdoor WLAN Access Point User’s Guide Version 3.60 4/2008 Edition 1 DEFAULT LOGIN IP Address http://192.168.1.2 Password 1234 www.zyxel.
About This User's Guide About This User's Guide Intended Audience This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and topology. Related Documentation • Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
Document Conventions Document Conventions Warnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide. 1 " Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device. Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations. Syntax Conventions • The NWA3550 may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device” or the “system” in this User’s Guide.
Document Conventions Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is not an exact representation of your device.
Safety Warnings Safety Warnings 1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions. • Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. • Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. • Do NOT store things on the device. • Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. • Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
Safety Warnings NWA3550 User’s Guide 7
Safety Warnings 8 NWA3550 User’s Guide
Contents Overview Contents Overview Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 31 Introducing the ZyXEL Device ................................................................................................... 33 Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 41 Status Screens ........................................................
Contents Overview 10 NWA3550 User’s Guide
Table of Contents Table of Contents About This User's Guide .......................................................................................................... 3 Document Conventions............................................................................................................ 4 Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................ 6 Contents Overview .......................................................
Table of Contents Chapter 3 Status Screens ........................................................................................................................ 45 3.1 The Status Screen ............................................................................................................... 45 Chapter 4 Tutorial ..................................................................................................................................... 49 4.1 How to Configure the Wireless LAN ............
Table of Contents 5.1 System Overview ................................................................................................................. 79 5.2 Configuring General Setup .................................................................................................. 79 5.3 Administrator Authentication on RADIUS ............................................................................ 80 5.3.1 Configuring the Password .......................................................................
Table of Contents 7.3 Configuring Security .......................................................................................................... 103 7.3.1 Security: WEP .......................................................................................................... 104 7.3.2 Security: 802.1x Only ............................................................................................... 105 7.3.3 Security: 802.1x Static 64-bit, 802.1x Static 128-bit .......................................
Table of Contents 11.1 Rogue AP Introduction ..................................................................................................... 137 11.2 Rogue AP Examples ........................................................................................................ 137 11.2.1 “Honeypot” Attack ................................................................................................... 138 11.3 Configuring Rogue AP Detection ................................................................
Table of Contents 14.1 Certificates Overview ....................................................................................................... 169 14.1.1 Advantages of Certificates ..................................................................................... 170 14.2 Self-signed Certificates .................................................................................................... 170 14.3 Verifying a Certificate .......................................................................
Table of Contents 17.2 System Status Screen ..................................................................................................... 213 17.2.1 System Statistics .................................................................................................... 214 17.3 Association List ................................................................................................................ 215 17.4 Channel Usage ..........................................................................
Table of Contents 22.1 System Status .................................................................................................................. 237 22.2 System Information .......................................................................................................... 238 22.2.1 System Information ................................................................................................ 239 22.2.2 Console Port Speed ....................................................................
Table of Contents Chapter 26 Product Specifications ......................................................................................................... 261 Part IV: Appendices and Index ........................................................... 267 Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................ 269 Appendix B Wireless LANs ..................................................................................................
Table of Contents 20 NWA3550 User’s Guide
List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1 Access Point Application .......................................................................................................... 34 Figure 2 Bridge Application .................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 3 Repeater Application ................................................................................................................ 35 Figure 4 AP+Bridge Application ..........
List of Figures Figure 39 Tutorial: MAC Filter Edit (SERVER_1) ................................................................................... 73 Figure 40 Tutorial: SSID Profiles Activated ............................................................................................ 75 Figure 41 Tutorial: SSID Tab Correct Settings ........................................................................................ 75 Figure 42 System > General .........................................................
List of Figures Figure 82 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................................... 146 Figure 83 Remote Management: FTP .................................................................................................. 147 Figure 84 HTTPS Implementation ........................................................................................................ 148 Figure 85 Remote Management: WWW ...................................................
List of Figures Figure 125 Encryption Tab Settings ..................................................................................................... 206 Figure 126 Connection Attributes Screen ............................................................................................ 207 Figure 127 RADIUS Attribute Screen .................................................................................................. 207 Figure 128 802 Attribute Setting for Tunnel-Medium-Type ........................
List of Figures Figure 168 Valid CI Commands ............................................................................................................ 250 Figure 169 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance: Time and Date Setting ................................................ 251 Figure 170 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ........................................................................ 253 Figure 171 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ............................................................
List of Figures 26 NWA3550 User’s Guide
List of Tables List of Tables Table 1 The Status Screen .................................................................................................................... 45 Table 2 Tutorial: Example Information ................................................................................................... 53 Table 3 Tutorial: Rogue AP Example Information .................................................................................. 63 Table 4 Tutorial: Friendly AP Information ...................
List of Tables Table 39 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................................... 128 Table 40 Private IP Address Ranges ................................................................................................... 133 Table 41 IP Setup ................................................................................................................................ 134 Table 42 ROGUE AP > Configuration .............................
List of Tables Table 82 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP Setup ........................................................................................................ 234 Table 83 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance: Status .............................................................................. 238 Table 84 Menu 24.2.1 System Maintenance: Information ................................................................... 239 Table 85 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance Menu: Diagnostic ................................................
List of Tables 30 NWA3550 User’s Guide
P ART I Introduction Introducing the ZyXEL Device (33) Introducing the Web Configurator (41) Status Screens (45) Tutorial (49) 31
CHAPTER 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the ZyXEL Device. It also introduces the ways you can manage the ZyXEL Device. 1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Your ZyXEL Device extends the range of your existing wired network without additional wiring, providing easy network access to mobile users. It is highly versatile, supporting multiple BSSIDs simultaneously.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device 1.2.1 Access Point The ZyXEL Device is an ideal access solution for wireless Internet connection. A typical Internet access application for your ZyXEL Device is shown as follows. Clients A, B and C can access the wired network through the ZyXEL Devices. Figure 1 Access Point Application Internet Ethernet AP A C B 1.2.2 Bridge / Repeater The ZyXEL Device can act as a wireless network bridge and establish wireless links with other APs.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Figure 2 Bridge Application Ethernet 1 B A Ethernet 2 Figure 3 Repeater Application Ethernet 1 C A B Ethernet 2 1.2.3 AP + Bridge In AP+Bridge mode, the ZyXEL Device supports both AP and bridge connection at the same time. In the figure below, A and B use X as an AP to access the wired network, while X and Y communicate in bridge mode.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Figure 4 AP+Bridge Application Ethernet X Y A B 1.2.4 MBSSID A BSS (Basic Service Set) is the set of devices forming a single wireless network (usually an access point and one or more wireless clients). An SSID (Service Set IDentifier) is the name of a BSS. In MBSSID (Multiple BSS) mode, the ZyXEL Device provides multiple virtual APs, each forming its own BSS and using its own individual SSID profile.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Figure 5 Multiple BSSs LAN Internet VoIP_SSID Guest_SSID SSID03 1.2.5 Pre-Configured SSID Profiles The ZyXEL Device has two pre-configured SSID profiles. 1 VoIP_SSID. This profile is intended for use by wireless clients requiring the highest QoS (Quality of Service) level for VoIP (Voice over IP) telephony and other applications requiring low latency. The QoS level of this profile is not user-configurable. See Chapter 6 on page 85 for more information on QoS.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device Figure 6 Dual WLAN Adaptors Example Z WLAN2 WLAN1 802.11a Access Point 802.11b/g AP+Bridge Internet 1.3 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device. • Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device using a (supported) web browser. • Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service engineers. • SMT.
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device • Control physical access by locating devices in secure areas, such as locked rooms. Most ZyXEL Devices have a reset button. If an unauthorized person has access to the reset button, they can then reset the device’s password to its default password, log in and reconfigure its settings. • Change any default passwords on the ZyXEL Device, such as the password used for accessing the ZyXEL Device’s web configurator (if it has a web configurator).
Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device 1.6 Hardware Connections See your Quick Start Guide for information on making hardware connections. " 40 Your ZyXEL Device has two wireless LAN adaptors, WLAN1 and WLAN2. WLAN1 uses the RF1 antenna and WLAN2 uses the RF2 antenna. If you connect only one antenna, you can use only the associated wireless LAN adaptor.
CHAPTER 2 Introducing the Web Configurator This chapter describes how to access the ZyXEL Device’s web configurator and provides an overview of its screens. 2.1 Accessing the Web Configurator 1 Make sure your hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the Quick Start Guide). 2 Launch your web browser. 3 Type "192.168.1.2" as the URL (default). 4 Type "1234" (default) as the password and click Login.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Figure 7 Change Password Screen 6 Click Apply in the Replace Certificate screen to create a certificate using your ZyXEL Device’s MAC address that will be specific to this device. Figure 8 Replace Certificate Screen You should now see the Status screen. See Chapter 2 on page 41 for details about the Status screen. " The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes).
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 2.2.1 Methods of Restoring Factory-Defaults You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in the following ways: • Use the web configurator to restore defaults (refer to Chapter 17 on page 213). • Transfer the configuration file to your ZyXEL Device using FTP. See the section on SMT configuration for more information. 2.3 Navigating the Web Configurator The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
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CHAPTER 3 Status Screens The Status screen displays when you log into the ZyXEL Device, or click STATUS in the navigation menu. Use the Status screens to look at the current status of the device, system resources, interfaces and SSID status. The Status screen also provides detailed information about associated wireless clients, channel usage, logs and detected rogue APs. 3.1 The Status Screen Cluck Status. The following screen displays.
Chapter 3 Status Screens Table 1 The Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION System Information System Name This field displays the ZyXEL Device system name. It is used for identification. You can change this in the System > General screen’s System Name field. Model This field displays the ZyXEL Device’s exact model name. Firmware Version This field displays the current version of the firmware inside the device. It also shows the date the firmware version was created.
Chapter 3 Status Screens Table 1 The Status Screen LABEL DESCRIPTION Status This field indicates whether or not the ZyXEL Device is using the interface. For each interface, this field displays Up when the ZyXEL Device is using the interface and Down when the ZyXEL Device is not using the interface. Rate For the LAN port this displays the port speed and duplex setting. For the WLAN1 and WLAN2 interfaces, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate or N/A if the interface is not in use.
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CHAPTER 4 Tutorial This chapter first provides an overview of how to configure the wireless LAN on your ZyXEL Device, and then gives step-by-step guidelines showing how to configure your ZyXEL Device for some example scenarios. 4.1 How to Configure the Wireless LAN This section shows how to choose which wireless operating mode you should use on the ZyXEL Device, and the steps you should take to set up the wireless LAN in each wireless mode. See Section 4.1.
Chapter 4 Tutorial 4.1.2 Wireless LAN Configuration Overview The following figure shows the steps you should take to configure the wireless settings according to the operating mode you select. Use the Web Configurator to set up your ZyXEL Device’s wireless network (see your Quick Start Guide for information on setting up your ZyXEL Device and accessing the Web Configurator).
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 11 Configuring Wireless LAN Select the WLAN Interface you want to configure. Select Operating Mode Access Point Mode. Select 802.11 Mode and Channel ID. Select SSID Profile. Configure SSID Profile. Edit Security Profile. Configure RADIUS authentication (optional). Configure internal AUTH. SERVER (optional). Configure Layer 2 Isolation (optional). Configure MAC Filter (optional). Bridge / Repeater Mode. AP + Bridge Mode. Select 802.11 Mode and Channel ID. Select 802.
Chapter 4 Tutorial 4.1.3 Further Reading Use these links to find more information on the steps: • Choosing 802.11 Mode: see Section 6.7.1 on page 92. • Choosing a wireless Channel ID: see Section 6.7.1 on page 92. • Selecting and configuring SSID profile(s): see Section 6.7.1 on page 92 and Section 8.2.1 on page 117. • Configuring and activating WDS Security: see Section 6.7.2 on page 94. • Editing Security Profile(s): see Section 7.3 on page 103. • Configuring an external RADIUS server: see Section 7.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 12 Tutorial: Example MBSSID Setup B A Internet Z VoIP_SSID Guest_SSID SSID04 The standard network (SSID04) has access to all resources. The VoIP network (VoIP_SSID) has access to all resources and a high Quality of Service (QoS) setting (see Chapter 6 on page 85 for information on QoS). The guest network (Guest_SSID) has access to the Internet and the network printer only, and a low QoS setting.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 13 Tutorial: Wireless LAN: Before Select MBSSID from the Operating Mode drop-down list box. The screen displays as follows.
Chapter 4 Tutorial This Select SSID Profile table allows you to activate or deactivate SSID profiles. Your wireless network was previously using the SSID04 profile, so select SSID04 in one of the Profile list boxes (number 3 in this example). Select the Active box for the entry and click Apply to activate the profile. Your standard wireless network (SSID04) is now accessible to your wireless clients as before. You do not need to configure anything else for your standard network. 4.2.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 16 Tutorial: VoIP SSID Profile Edit • Choose a new SSID for the VoIP network. In this example, enter VOIP_SSID_Example. Note that although the SSID changes, the SSID profile name (VoIP_SSID) remains the same as before. • Select Enable from the Hide Name (SSID) list box. You want only authorized company employees to use this network, so there is no need to broadcast the SSID to wireless clients scanning the area.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 17 Tutorial: VoIP Security You already chose to use the security02 profile for this network, so select the radio button for security02 and click Edit. The following screen appears. Figure 18 Tutorial: VoIP Security Profile Edit • Change the Name field to “VoIP_Security” to make it easier to remember and identify. • In this example, you do not have a RADIUS server for authentication, so select WPA2PSK in the Security Mode field.
Chapter 4 Tutorial • Click Apply. The WIRELESS > Security screen displays. Ensure that the Profile Name for entry 2 displays “VoIP_Security” and that the Security Mode is WPA2-PSK. Figure 19 Tutorial: VoIP Security: Updated 4.2.2.2 Activate the VoIP Profile You need to activate the VoIP_SSID profile before it can be used. Click the Wireless tab. In the Select SSID Profile table, select the VoIP_SSID profile’s Active checkbox and click Apply.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 21 Tutorial: Guest Edit • Choose a new SSID for the guest network. In this example, enter Guest_SSID_Example. Note that although the SSID changes, the SSID profile name (Guest_SSID) remains the same as before. • Select Disable from the Hide Name (SSID) list box. This makes it easier for guests to configure their own computers’ wireless clients to your network’s settings.
Chapter 4 Tutorial • Select WPA-PSK in the Security Mode field. WPA-PSK provides strong security that is supported by most wireless clients. Even though your Guest_SSID clients do not have access to sensitive information on the network, you should not leave the network without security. An attacker could still cause damage to the network or intercept unsecured communications. • Enter the PSK you want to use in your network in the Pre-Shared Key field.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 25 Tutorial: Layer 2 Isolation Profile Enter the MAC addresses and descriptions of the two network devices you want users on the guest network to be able to access: the main network router (00:AA:00:AA:00:AA) and the network printer (AA:00:AA:00:AA:00). Click Apply. 4.2.3.3 Activate the Guest Profile You need to activate the Guest_SSID profile before it can be used. Click the Wireless tab.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 26 Tutorial: Activate Guest Profile Your guest wireless network is now ready to use. 4.2.4 Testing the Wireless Networks To make sure that the three networks are correctly configured, do the following. • On a computer with a wireless client, scan for access points. You should see the Guest_SSID network, but not the VoIP_SSID network. If you can see the VoIP_SSID network, go to its SSID Edit screen and make sure Hide Name (SSID) is set to Enable.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Your wireless network operates in an office building. It consists of four access points (all ZyXEL Devices) and a variable number of wireless clients. You also know that the coffee shop on the ground floor has a wireless network consisting of a single access point, which can be detected and accessed from your floor of the building. There are no other static wireless networks in your coverage area. The following diagram shows the wireless networks in your area.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Table 3 Tutorial: Rogue AP Example Information " DEVICE IP ADDRESS MAC ADDRESS Access Point D 192.168.1.4 0A:A0:0A:A0:0A:A0 File / Mail Server E 192.168.1.25 N/A Access Point 1 UNKNOWN AF:AF:AF:FA:FA:FA The ZyXEL Device can detect the MAC addresses of APs automatically. However, it is more secure to obtain the correct MAC addresses from another source and add them to the friendly AP list manually.
Chapter 4 Tutorial 2 Fill in the MAC Address and Description fields as in the following table. Click Add after you enter the details of each AP to include it in the list.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 30 Tutorial: Configuration 4 Click Export. If a window similar to the following appears, click Save. Figure 31 Tutorial: Warning 5 Save the friendly AP list somewhere it can be accessed by all the other access points on the network. In this example, save it on the network file server (E in Figure 27 on page 63). The default filename is “Flist”.
Chapter 4 Tutorial 4.3.2 Activate Periodic Rogue AP Detection Take the following steps to activate rogue AP detection on the first of your ZyXEL Devices. 1 In the ROGUE AP > Configuration screen, select Enable from the Rogue AP Period Detection field. Figure 33 Tutorial: Periodic Rogue AP Detection 2 In the Period field, enter how often you want the ZyXEL Device to scan for rogue APs. You can have the ZyXEL Device scan anywhere from once every ten minutes to once every hour. In this example, enter “10”.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 34 Tutorial: Log Settings • In this example, your mail server’s IP address is 192.168.1.25. Enter this IP address in the Mail Server field. • Enter a subject line for the alert e-mails in the Mail Subject field. Choose a subject that is eye-catching and identifies the access point - in this example, “ALERT_Access_Point_A”. • Enter the email address to which you want alerts to be sent (myname@myfirm.com, in this example).
Chapter 4 Tutorial Now you need to configure the other wireless access points on your network to do the same things. For each access point, take the following steps. 1 From a computer on the wired network, enter the access point’s IP address and login to its Web configurator. See Table 3 on page 63 for the example IP addresses. 2 Import the friendly AP list. Click ROGUE AP > Configuration > Browse.... Find the “Flist” file where you previously saved it on the network and click Open. 3 Click Import.
Chapter 4 Tutorial You have two secure servers (1 and 2 in the following figure). Wireless user “Alice” (A) needs to access server 1 (but should not access server 2) and wireless user “Bob” (B) needs to access server 2 (but should not access server 1). Your ZyXEL Device is marked Z. C is a workstation on your wired network, D is your main network switch, and E is the security gateway you use to connect to the Internet. Figure 35 Tutorial: Example Network A D B Internet E Z 1 2 C 4.4.
Chapter 4 Tutorial 2 3 4 5 Configure the SERVER_1 network’s MAC filter profile. Configure the SERVER_1 network’s layer-2 isolation profile. Repeat steps 1 ~ 3 for the SERVER_2 network. Check your settings and test the configuration. To configure layer-2 isolation, you need to know the MAC addresses of the devices on your network, which are as follows.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 36 Tutorial: SSID Profile 2 Select SERVER_1’s entry and click Edit. The following screen displays. Figure 37 Tutorial: SSID Edit Select l2Isolation03 in the L2 Isolation field, and select macfilter03 in the MAC Filtering field. Click Apply. 3 Click the Layer-2 Isolation tab. When the Layer-2 Isolation screen appears, select L2Isolation03’s entry and click Edit. The following screen displays.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 38 Tutorial: Layer-2 Isolation Edit Enter the network switch’s MAC Address and add a Description (“NET_SWITCH” in this case) in Set 1’s entry. Enter server 1’s MAC Address and add a Description (“SERVER_1” in this case) in Set 2’s entry. Change the Profile Name to “L-2-ISO_SERVER_1” and click Apply. You have restricted users on the SERVER_1 network to access only the devices with the MAC addresses you entered. 4 Click the MAC Filter tab.
Chapter 4 Tutorial To do this, repeat the procedure in Section 4.4.4 on page 71, substituting the following information.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Figure 40 Tutorial: SSID Profiles Activated 2 Next, click the SSID tab. Check that each configured SSID profile uses the correct Security, Layer-2 Isolation and MAC Filter profiles, as shown in the following figure. Figure 41 Tutorial: SSID Tab Correct Settings V If the settings are not as shown, follow the steps in the relevant section of this tutorial again. 4.4.6.
Chapter 4 Tutorial Attempt to access the Internet. You should be able to do so. Attempt to access Server 2. You should be unable to do so. If you can do so, layer-2 isolation is misconfigured. • Using Alice’s computer and wireless client, and incorrect security settings, attempt to associate with the SERVER_1 network. You should be unable to do so. If you can do so, security is misconfigured.
P ART II The Web Configurator System Screens (79) Wireless Configuration (85) Wireless Security Configuration (101) MBSSID and SSID (113) Other Wireless Configuration (121) IP Screen (133) Rogue AP (137) Remote Management Screens (143) Internal RADIUS Server (161) Certificates (169) Log Screens (187) VLAN (195) Maintenance (213) 77
CHAPTER 5 System Screens 5.1 System Overview This section provides information on general system setup. 5.2 Configuring General Setup Click SYSTEM > General. Figure 42 System > General The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 System > General LABEL DESCRIPTION General Setup System Name Type a descriptive name to identify the ZyXEL Device in the Ethernet network. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long.
Chapter 5 System Screens Table 9 System > General LABEL DESCRIPTION System DNS Servers First DNS Server Second DNS Server Third DNS Server Select From DHCP if your DHCP server dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the ZyXEL Device's Ethernet IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the DHCP assigns. Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right.
Chapter 5 System Screens Figure 43 SYSTEM > Password. The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Password LABEL DESCRIPTIONS Enable Admin at Local Select this check box to have the device authenticate management logins to the device. Use old setting Select this to have the ZyXEL Device use the local management password already configured on the device (“1234” is the default). Use new setting Select this if you want to change the local management password.
Chapter 5 System Screens Table 10 Password LABEL RADIUS DESCRIPTIONS Select the RADIUS server profile of the RADIUS server that is to authenticate management logins to the ZyXEL Device. The ZyXEL Device tests the user name and password against the RADIUS server when you apply your settings. • The user name and password must already be configured in the RADIUS server. • You must already have a RADIUS profile configured for the RADIUS server (see Section 7.5 on page 111).
Chapter 5 System Screens The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11 SYSTEM > Time Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Current Time This field displays the time of your ZyXEL Device. Each time you reload this page, the ZyXEL Device synchronizes the time with the time server (if configured). Current Date This field displays the last updated date from the time server. Manual Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually.
Chapter 5 System Screens Table 11 SYSTEM > Time Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes. Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 5.5 Pre-defined NTP Time Servers List When you turn on the ZyXEL Device for the first time, the date and time start at 2000-01-01 00:00:00. When you select Auto in the SYSTEM > Time Setting screen, the ZyXEL Device then attempts to synchronize with one of the following pre-defined list of NTP time servers.
CHAPTER 6 Wireless Configuration This chapter discusses how to configure the ZyXEL Device’s Wireless screens. 6.1 Wireless Network Overview The following figure provides an example of a wireless network. Figure 45 Example of a Wireless Network Ethernet AP A B The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B use the access point (AP) to interact with the other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your ZyXEL Device is the AP.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or frequency, to send and receive information. • Every device in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP. Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. 6.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration 6.3.1.1 WMM QoS Priorities The following table describes the WMM QoS priority levels that the ZyXEL Device uses. Table 13 WMM QoS Priorities PRIORITY LEVEL DESCRIPTION voice (WMM_VOICE) Typically used for traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter. Use this priority to reduce latency for improved voice quality. video (WMM_VIDEO) Typically used for traffic which has some tolerance for jitter but needs to be prioritized over other data traffic.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration You should activate ATC on the ZyXEL Device if your wireless network includes networking devices that do not support WMM QoS, or if you want to prioritize traffic but do not want to configure WMM QoS settings. 6.3.3 ATC+WMM The ZyXEL Device can use a mapping mechanism to use both ATC and WMM QoS. The ATC+WMM function prioritizes all packets transmitted onto the wireless network using WMM QoS, and prioritizes all packets transmitted onto the wired network using ATC.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration 6.3.4 Type Of Service (ToS) Network traffic can be classified by setting the ToS (Type Of Service) values at the data source (for example, at the ZyXEL Device) so a server can decide the best method of delivery, that is the least cost, fastest route and so on. 6.3.4.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration The following table lists which WMM QoS priority level the ZyXEL Device uses for specific DSCP values. Table 18 ToS and IEEE 802.1d to WMM QoS Priority Level Mapping DSCP VALUE WMM QOS PRIORITY LEVEL 224, 192 voice 160, 128 video 96, 0 A besteffort 64, 32 background A. The ZyXEL Device also uses best effort for any DSCP value for which another WMM QoS priority is not specified (255, 158 or 37 for example). 6.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration For each LAN segment, a designated bridge is selected. This bridge has the lowest cost to the root among the bridges connected to the LAN. 6.4.3 How STP Works After a bridge determines the lowest cost-spanning tree with STP, it enables the root port and the ports that are the designated ports for connected LANs, and disables all other ports that participate in STP. Network packets are therefore only forwarded between enabled ports, eliminating any possible network loops.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration 6.6 Wireless Screen Overview The following is a list of the wireless screens you can configure on the ZyXEL Device. 1 Configure the ZyXEL Device to operate in AP, Bridge/Repeater, AP+Bridge or MBSSID mode in the Wireless screen. You can also select an SSID Profile in the Wireless screen. 2 Use the SSID screens to view and edit SSID profiles. 3 Use the Security screen to configure wireless security profiles.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen. Table 21 Wireless: Access Point LABEL DESCRIPTION WLAN Interface Select which WLAN adapter you want to configure. It is recommended that you configure the first WLAN adapter for AP functions and use the second WLAN adapter for bridge functions. Operating Mode Select Access Point from the drop-down list. 802.11 Mode Select 802.11b Only to allow only IEEE 802.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Table 21 Wireless: Access Point LABEL DESCRIPTION SSID Profile The SSID (Service Set IDentifier) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless station is associated. Wireless stations associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID. Select an SSID Profile from the drop-down list box. Configure SSID profiles in the SSID screen (see Section 8.2 on page 117 for information on configuring SSID).
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Be careful to avoid bridge loops when you enable bridging in the ZyXEL Device. Bridge loops cause broadcast traffic to circle the network endlessly, resulting in possible throughput degradation and disruption of communications. The following examples show two network topologies that can lead to this problem: • If two or more ZyXEL Devices (in bridge mode) are connected to the same hub.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Figure 51 Wireless: Bridge/Repeater The following table describes the bridge labels in this screen. Table 22 Wireless: Bridge/Repeater 96 LABEL DESCRIPTIONS WLAN Interface Select which WLAN adapter you want to configure. It is recommended that you configure the first WLAN adapter for AP functions and use the second WLAN adapter for bridge functions. Operating Mode Select Bridge/Repeater in this field. 802.11 mode Select 802.11b Only to allow only IEEE 802.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Table 22 Wireless: Bridge/Repeater LABEL DESCRIPTIONS RTS/CTS Threshold The threshold (number of bytes) for enabling RTS/CTS handshake. Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting this attribute to be larger than the maximum MSDU (MAC service data unit) size turns off the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting this attribute to zero turns on the RTS/CTS handshake. Enter a value between 256 and 2346.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration Table 22 Wireless: Bridge/Repeater LABEL DESCRIPTIONS Remote Bridge MAC Address Type the MAC address of the peer device in a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc. PSK Type a pre-shared key (PSK) from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols). You must also set the peer device to use the same pre-shared key. Each peer device can use a different pre-shared key.
Chapter 6 Wireless Configuration 6.7.4 MBSSID Mode Select MBSSID as the Operating Mode. Refer to Chapter 8 on page 113 for configuration instructions and detailed information. See Chapter 7 on page 101 for details on the security settings.
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CHAPTER 7 Wireless Security Configuration This chapter describes how to use the Security and RADIUS screens to configure wireless security on your ZyXEL Device. 7.1 Wireless Security Overview The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless network. 7.1.1 SSID Normally, the ZyXEL Device acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the SSID instead, in which case the ZyXEL Device does not broadcast the SSID.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration 7.1.3 User Authentication Authentication is the process of verifying whether a wireless device is allowed to use the wireless network. You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. However, every device in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this. For wireless networks, you can store the user names and passwords for each user in a RADIUS server. This is a server used in businesses more than in homes.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration When you use WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your ZyXEL Device, you can select WPA2-MIX or WPA2-PSK-MIX to support WPA as well. In this case, if some of the devices support WPA and some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK-MIX or WPA2-MIX (depending on the type of wireless network login) in the ZyXEL Device. Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer the key, the stronger the encryption.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration Figure 53 Wireless > Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 25 WIRELESS > Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the index number of the security profile. Profile Name This field displays a name given to a security profile in the Security configuration screen. Security Mode This field displays the security mode this security profile uses.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration Figure 54 WIRELESS > Security: WEP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 26 Security: WEP LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this security profile. Security Mode Choose WEP in this field. WEP Encryption Select 64-bit WEP, 128-bit WEP or 152-bit WEP to enable data encryption. Authentication Method Select Auto or Shared Key from the drop-down list box. The default setting is Auto.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration Figure 55 Security: 802.1x Only The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 27 Security: 802.1x Only LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this security profile. Security Mode Choose 8021x-Only in this field. ReAuthentication Timer Specify how often wireless stations have to resend user names and passwords in order to stay connected. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration Figure 56 Security: 802.1x Static 64-bit, 802.1x Static 128-bit The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 28 Security: 802.1x Static 64-bit, 802.1x Static 128-bit LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this security profile. Security Mode Choose 8021x-Static64 or 8021x-Static128 in this field. ASCII Select this option to enter ASCII characters as the WEP keys.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration 7.3.4 Security: WPA Select WPA in the Security Mode field to display the following screen. Figure 57 Security: WPA The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 29 Security: WPA LABEL DESCRIPTION Name Type a name to identify this security profile. Security Mode Choose WPA in this field. ReAuthentication Timer Specify how often wireless stations have to resend user names and passwords in order to stay connected.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration Figure 58 Security:WPA2 or WPA2-MIX The following table describes the labels not previously discussed Table 30 Security: WPA2 or WPA2-MIX LABEL DESCRIPTIONS Profile Name Type a name to identify this security profile. Security Mode Choose WPA2 or WPA2-MIX in this field. ReAuthentication Timer Specify how often wireless stations have to resend usernames and passwords in order to stay connected. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration 7.3.6 Security: WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA2-PSK-MIX Select WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK or WPA2-PSK-MIX in the Security Mode field to display the following screen. Figure 59 Security: WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK or WPA2-PSK-MIX The following table describes the labels not previously discussed Table 31 Security: WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK or WPA2-PSK-MIX LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this security profile.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration 7.4 Introduction to RADIUS RADIUS is based on a client-sever model that supports authentication and accounting, where the access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks, among others: • Authentication Determines the identity of the users. • Accounting Keeps track of the client’s network activity. The ZyXEL Device is equipped with an internal RADIUS server. See Section 13.1 on page 161 for more details.
Chapter 7 Wireless Security Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 32 RADIUS LABEL DESCRIPTION Index Select the RADIUS profile you want to configure from the drop-down list box. Profile Name Type a name for the RADIUS profile associated with the Index number above. Primary Configure the fields below to set up user authentication and accounting.
CHAPTER 8 MBSSID and SSID This chapter describes how to configure and use your ZyXEL Device’s MBSSID mode and configure SSID profiles. 8.1 Wireless LAN Infrastructures See the Wireless LAN chapter for some basic WLAN scenarios and terminology. 8.1.1 MBSSID Traditionally, you needed to use different APs to configure different Basic Service Sets (BSSs). As well as the cost of buying extra APs, there was also the possibility of channel interference.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID The switch adds PVID (Port VLAN IDentity) tags to incoming frames that don’t already have tags (on switch ports where PVID is enabled). Figure 61 Multiple BSS with VLAN Example LAN 1 LAN 2 PORT 2 PVID: OFF VLAN 1 PORT 3 PVID: OFF PORT 1 PVID: ON VLAN 2 BSS 1 BSS 2 8.1.5 Configuring Multiple BSSs Click WIRELESS > Wireless and select MBSSID in the Operating Mode drop-down list box to display the screen as shown.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID Figure 62 Wireless: Multiple BSS The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 33 Wireless: Multiple BSS LABEL DESCRIPTION WLAN Interface Select which WLAN adapter you want to configure. It is recommended that you configure the first WLAN adapter for AP functions and use the second WLAN adapter for bridge functions. Operating Mode Select MBSSID in this field to display the screen as shown 802.11 Mode Select 802.11b Only to allow only IEEE 802.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID Table 33 Wireless: Multiple BSS LABEL Disable channel switching for DFS DESCRIPTION This field is available when you select 802.11a in the 802.11 Mode field. DFS (dynamic frequency selection) allows an AP to detect other devices in the same channel. If there is another device using the same channel, the AP changes to a different channel, so that it can avoid interference with radar systems or other wireless networks. Select this option to disable DFS on the ZyXEL Device when 802.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID Table 33 Wireless: Multiple BSS LABEL DESCRIPTION Enable Roaming Roaming allows wireless stations to switch from one access point to another as they move from one coverage area to another. Select this checkbox to enable roaming on the ZyXEL Device if you have two or more ZyXEL Devices on the same subnet. Note: All APs on the same subnet and the wireless stations must have the same SSID to allow roaming. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 34 SSID LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This field displays the index number of each SSID profile. Name This field displays the identification name of each SSID profile on the ZyXEL Device. SSID This field displays the name of the wireless profile on the network. When a wireless client scans for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in the wireless client utility.
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID Figure 64 Configuring SSID The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 35 Configuring SSID LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Enter a name identifying this profile. SSID When a wireless client scans for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in the wireless client utility. Hide Name (SSID) Select Disable if you want the ZyXEL Device to broadcast this SSID (a wireless client scanning for an AP will find this SSID).
Chapter 8 MBSSID and SSID Table 35 Configuring SSID 120 LABEL DESCRIPTION Layer-2 Isolation Select a layer 2 isolation profile from the drop-down list box. If you do not want to use layer 2 isolation on this profile, select Disable. See Section 9.1 on page 121 for more information. Intra-BSS Traffic blocking Select Enable from the drop-down list box to prevent wireless clients in this profile’s BSS from communicating with one another.
CHAPTER 9 Other Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the Layer-2 Isolation and MAC Filter screens on your ZyXEL Device. 9.1 Layer-2 Isolation Introduction Layer-2 isolation is used to prevent wireless clients associated with your ZyXEL Device from communicating with other wireless clients, APs, computers or routers in a network.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 65 Layer-2 Isolation Application D Internet B C Z A MAC addresses that are not listed in the Allow devices with these MAC addresses table are blocked from communicating with the ZyXEL Device’s wireless clients except for broadcast packets. Layer-2 isolation does not check the traffic between wireless clients that are associated with the same AP. Intra-BSS Traffic allows wireless clients associated with the same AP to communicate with each other. 9.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 66 WIRELESS > Layer 2 Isolation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 36 WIRELESS > Layer-2 Isolation LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the index number of the profile. Profile Name This field displays the name given to a layer-2 isolation profile in the Layer-2 Isolation Configuration screen. Edit Select an entry from the list and click Edit to configure settings for that profile. 9.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 67 WIRELESS > Layer-2 Isolation Configuration Screen The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 37 WIRELESS > Layer-2 Isolation Configuration 124 LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this layer-2 isolation profile. Allow devices with these MAC addresses These are the MAC address of a wireless client, AP, computer or router.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration 9.3.1 Layer-2 Isolation Examples The following section shows you example layer-2 isolation configurations on the ZyXEL Device (A). " When configuring, remember to select the correct layer-2 isolation profile in the WIRELESS > SSID > Edit screen of the relevant SSID profile. Figure 68 Layer-2 Isolation Example Configuration 00:00:c5:00:00:66 C 00:00:c5:00:00:cc D A B 11:22:33:44:55:66 1 3 2 9.3.1.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration 9.3.1.2 Layer-2 Isolation Example 2 In the following example wireless clients 1 and 2 can communicate with access point D and file server C but not wireless client 3. • Enter the router’s, server’s and access point D’s MAC addresses in the MAC Address fields. Enter “Network Router B” in B’s Description field, enter “File Server C” in C’s Description field, and enter “Access Point D” in D’s Description field. Figure 70 Layer-2 Isolation Example 2 9.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 71 WIRELESS > MAC Filter The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 38 WIRELESS > MAC Filter LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the index number of the profile. Profile Name This field displays the name given to a MAC filter profile in the MAC Filter Configuration screen. Filter Action This is the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the profile.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 72 MAC Address Filter The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 39 MAC Address Filter 128 LABEL DESCRIPTION Profile Name Type a name to identify this profile. Filter Action Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC address filter table. Select Deny Association to block access to the router. MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the router. Select Allow Association to permit access to the router.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration " To activate MAC filtering on an SSID profile, select the correct filter from the Enable MAC Filtering drop-down list box in the WIRELESS > SSID > Edit screen and click Apply. 9.5 Configuring Roaming A wireless station is a device with an IEEE 802.11a/b/g compliant wireless interface. An access point (AP) acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. An AP creates its own wireless coverage area.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 73 Roaming Example Ethernet AP 1 AP 2 X Y Y The steps below describe the roaming process. 1 Wireless station Y moves from the coverage area of access point AP 1 to that of access point AP 2. 2 Wireless station Y scans and detects the signal of access point AP 2. 3 Wireless station Y sends an association request to access point AP 2.
Chapter 9 Other Wireless Configuration Figure 74 Roaming Select the Enable Roaming check box and click Apply.
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CHAPTER 10 IP Screen This chapter discusses how to configure IP settings on the ZyXEL Device. 10.1 Factory Ethernet Defaults The Ethernet parameters of the ZyXEL Device are preset in the factory with the following values: 1 IP address of 192.168.1.2 2 Subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) These parameters should work for the majority of installations. 10.2 TCP/IP Parameters 10.2.1 WAN IP Address Assignment Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address.
Chapter 10 IP Screen " Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address; always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. 10.3 Configuring IP Settings Click IP to display the screen shown next. Figure 75 IP Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 10 IP Screen Table 41 IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes. Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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CHAPTER 11 Rogue AP This chapter discusses rogue wireless access points (APs) and how to configure the ZyXEL Device’s rogue AP detection feature. 11.1 Rogue AP Introduction A rogue AP is a wireless access point operating in a network’s coverage area that is not a sanctioned part of that network. Rogue APs are not under the control of the network’s administrators, and can open up holes in a network’s security.
Chapter 11 Rogue AP Figure 76 Rogue AP: Example A X R B Internet C 11.2.1 “Honeypot” Attack Rogue APs need not be connected to the legitimate network to pose a severe security threat. In the following example, an attacker (X) is stationed in a vehicle outside a company building, using a rogue access point equipped with a powerful antenna.
Chapter 11 Rogue AP Figure 77 “Honeypot” Attack X A B 11.3 Configuring Rogue AP Detection You can configure the ZyXEL Device to detect rogue IEEE 802.11a (5 GHz) and IEEE 802.11b/g (2.4 GHz) APs. If you have more than one AP in your wireless network, you must also configure the list of “friendly” APs. Friendly APs are the other wireless access points in your network, as well as any others that you know are not a threat (those from neighboring networks, for example).
Chapter 11 Rogue AP Figure 78 ROGUE AP > Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 42 ROGUE AP > Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Rogue AP Period Detection Select Enable to turn rogue AP detection on. You must also enter a time value in the Period field. Select Disable to turn rogue AP detection off. Period (minutes) Enter the period you want the ZyXEL Device to wait between scanning for rogue APs (between 10 and 60 minutes).
Chapter 11 Rogue AP Figure 79 ROGUE AP > Friendly AP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 43 ROGUE AP > Friendly AP LABEL DESCRIPTION Add Friendly AP Use this section to manually add a wireless access point to the list. You must know the device’s MAC address. MAC Address Enter the MAC address of the AP you wish to add to the list. Description Enter a short, explanatory description identifying the AP with a maximum of 32 alphanumeric characters.
Chapter 11 Rogue AP Figure 80 ROGUE AP > Rogue AP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 44 ROGUE AP > Rogue AP 142 LABEL DESCRIPTION Rogue AP List This displays details of access points in the ZyXEL Device’s coverage area that are not listed in the friendly AP list (see Section 11.3.2 on page 140) Refresh Click this button to have the ZyXEL Device scan for rogue APs. # This is the index number of the AP’s entry in the list.
CHAPTER 12 Remote Management Screens This chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens. 12.1 Remote Management Overview Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access which ZyXEL Device interface (if any) from which computers. You may manage your ZyXEL Device from a remote location via: Table 45 Remote Management Overview • WLAN • ALL (LAN and WLAN) • LAN only • Neither (Disable).
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.1.2 System Timeout There is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes (three hundred seconds). The ZyXEL Device automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. You can change the timeout period in the System screen 12.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens The SSH client sends a connection request to the SSH server. The server identifies itself with a host key. The client encrypts a randomly generated session key with the host key and server key and sends the result back to the server. The client automatically saves any new server public keys. In subsequent connections, the server public key is checked against the saved version on the client computer.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Figure 82 Remote Management: Telnet The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 46 Remote Management: Telnet LABEL DESCRIPTION TELNET Server Port You can change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management. Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the ZyXEL Device using Telnet.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.6 Configuring FTP You can use FTP (File Transfer Protocol) to upload and download the ZyXEL Device’s firmware and configuration files, please see the User’s Guide chapter on firmware and configuration file maintenance for details. To use this feature, your computer must have an FTP client. To change your ZyXEL Device’s FTP settings, click REMOTE MGNT > FTP.. The screen appears as shown.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.7 WWW (HTTP and HTTPS) HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer, or HTTP over SSL) is a web protocol that encrypts and decrypts web pages. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is an applicationlevel protocol that enables secure transactions of data by ensuring confidentiality (an unauthorized party cannot read the transferred data), authentication (one party can identify the other party) and data integrity (you know if data has been changed).
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.8 Configuring WWW To change your ZyXEL Device’s World Wide Web settings, click REMOTE MGNT > WWW. Figure 85 Remote Management: WWW The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 48 Remote Management: WWW LABEL DESCRIPTION WWW Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Table 48 Remote Management: WWW LABEL DESCRIPTION Server Access Select a ZyXEL Device interface from Server Access on which incoming HTTPS access is allowed. You can allow only secure web configurator access by setting the WWW Server Access field to Disable and setting the HTTPS Server Access field to an interface(s). Secured Client IP Address A secure client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the ZyXEL Device using this service.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.9.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages When you attempt to access the ZyXEL Device HTTPS server, a Website Certified by an Unknown Authority screen pops up asking if you trust the server certificate. Click Examine Certificate if you want to verify that the certificate is from the ZyXEL Device. If Accept this certificate temporarily for this session is selected, then click OK to continue in Netscape.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens • The issuing certificate authority of the ZyXEL Device’s HTTPS server certificate is not one of the browser’s trusted certificate authorities. The issuing certificate authority of the ZyXEL Device's factory default certificate is the ZyXEL Device itself since the certificate is a self-signed certificate. • For the browser to trust a self-signed certificate, import the self-signed certificate into your operating system as a trusted certificate.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Figure 89 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection Click Login and you then see the next screen. The factory default certificate is a common default certificate for all ZyXEL Device models. Figure 90 Replace Certificate Click Apply in the Replace Certificate screen to create a certificate using your ZyXEL Device’s MAC address that will be specific to this device. Click CERTIFICATES to open the My Certificates screen.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Figure 91 Device-specific Certificate Click Ignore in the Replace Certificate screen to use the common ZyXEL Device certificate. You will then see this information in the My Certificates screen. Figure 92 Common ZyXEL Device Certificate 12.10 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a protocol used for exchanging management information between network devices. SNMP is a member of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens " SNMP is available only if TCP/IP is configured. Figure 93 SNMP Management Model An SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager. An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the ZyXEL Device). An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form compatible with SNMP.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens 12.10.1 Supported MIBs The ZyXEL Device supports MIB II that is defined in RFC-1213 and RFC-1215 as well as the proprietary ZyXEL private MIB. The purpose of the MIBs is to let administrators collect statistical data and monitor status and performance. 12.10.2 SNMP Traps The ZyXEL Device can send the following traps to the SNMP manager. Table 49 SNMP Traps TRAP NAME OBJECT IDENTIFIER # (OID) DESCRIPTION Generic Traps coldStart 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Table 49 SNMP Traps OBJECT IDENTIFIER # (OID) TRAP NAME DESCRIPTION pwTrapTFTPStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.1.9.2.1.3 This is to enable or disable the TFTP group trap. pwTFTPStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.890.9.2.3.3.1 This trap is sent to indicate the status and result of a TFTP client session that has ended. 12.11 SNMP Trap Interface Index Some traps include an SNMP interface index.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Figure 94 Remote Management: SNMP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 51 Remote Management: SNMP LABEL DESCRIPTION SNMP Configuration 158 Get Community Enter the Get Community, which is the password for the incoming Get and GetNext requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests. Set Community Enter the Set Community, which is the password for incoming Set requests from the management station.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Table 51 Remote Management: SNMP LABEL DESCRIPTION SNMP Service Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management. Service Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the ZyXEL Device using this service.
Chapter 12 Remote Management Screens Table 52 Remote Management: SNMP User Profile LABEL Confirm Password Re-enter the Password. Access Type For the administrator, this is always Set. SNMP Set commands allow the administrator to make configuration changes. Authentication Protocol Select an authentication algorithm. MD5 (Message Digest 5) and SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) are hash algorithms used to authenticate SNMP data. SHA authentication is generally considered stronger than MD5, but is slower.
CHAPTER 13 Internal RADIUS Server The ZyXEL Device can use its internal RADIUS server to authenticate wireless clients. It can also serve as a RADIUS server to authenticate other APs and their wireless clients. For more background information on RADIUS, see Section 7.4 on page 111. 13.1 Internal RADIUS Overview The ZyXEL Device has a built-in RADIUS server that can authenticate wireless clients or other trusted APs. The ZyXEL Device can function as an AP and as a RADIUS server at the same time.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server " The internal RADIUS server does not support domain accounts (DOMAIN/ user). When you configure your Windows XP SP2 Wireless Zero Configuration PEAP/MS-CHAPv2 settings, deselect the Use Windows logon name and password check box. When authentication begins, a pop-up dialog box requests you to type a Name, Password and Domain of the RADIUS server. Specify a name and password only, do not specify a domain. Click AUTH. SERVER > Setting. The screen appears as shown.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server Table 53 Internal RADIUS Server Setting Screen Setting (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Type This field displays what kind of certificate this is. REQ represents a certification request and is not yet a valid certificate. Send a certification request to a certification authority, which then issues a certificate. Use the My Certificate Import screen to import the certificate and replace the request. SELF represents a self-signed certificate.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server Figure 97 Trusted AP Overview ZyXEL RADIUS Server Trusted APs 2 Wireless clients 1 1 Configure an IP address and shared secret in the Trusted AP database to authenticate an AP as a trusted AP. 2 Configure wireless client user names and passwords in the Trusted Users database to use a trusted AP as a relay between the ZyXEL Device’s internal RADIUS server and the wireless clients.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server Figure 98 Trusted AP Screen The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 54 Trusted AP LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This field displays the trusted AP index number. Active Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use the IP Address and Shared Secret to authenticate a trusted AP. IP Address Type the IP address of the trusted AP in dotted decimal notation.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server 13.5 Configuring Trusted Users A trusted user entry consists of a wireless client user name and password. To configure trusted user entries, click AUTH SERVER > Trusted Users. The screen appears as shown. Figure 99 Trusted Users Screen The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 55 Trusted Users 166 LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This field displays the trusted user index number.
Chapter 13 Internal RADIUS Server Table 55 Trusted Users LABEL DESCRIPTION Password Type a password (up to 31 ASCII characters) for this user profile. Note that as you type a password, the screen displays a (*) for each character you type. The password on the wireless client’s utility must be the same as this password. Note: If you are using PEAP authentication, this password field is limited to 14 ASCII characters in length. Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
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CHAPTER 14 Certificates This chapter gives background information about public-key certificates and explains how to use them. 14.1 Certificates Overview The ZyXEL Device can use certificates (also called digital IDs) to authenticate users. Certificates are based on public-private key pairs. A certificate contains the certificate owner’s identity and public key. Certificates provide a way to exchange public keys for use in authentication.
Chapter 14 Certificates Certification authorities maintain directory servers with databases of valid and revoked certificates. A directory of certificates that have been revoked before the scheduled expiration is called a CRL (Certificate Revocation List). The ZyXEL Device can check a peer’s certificate against a directory server’s list of revoked certificates. The framework of servers, software, procedures and policies that handles keys is called PKI (public-key infrastructure). 14.1.
Chapter 14 Certificates Figure 101 Certificate Details 4 Use a secure method to verify that the certificate owner has the same information in the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields. The secure method may vary according to your situation. Possible examples would be over the telephone or through an HTTPS connection. 14.4 Configuration Summary This section summarizes how to manage certificates.
Chapter 14 Certificates Figure 102 My Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 56 My Certificates 172 LABEL DESCRIPTION PKI Storage Space in Use This bar displays the percentage of the ZyXEL Device’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When you are using 80% or less of the storage space, the bar is green. When the amount of space used is over 80%, the bar is red.
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 56 My Certificates (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field. Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable.
Chapter 14 Certificates 14.7 Importing a Certificate Click CERTIFICATES > My Certificates and then Import to open the My Certificate Import screen. Follow the instructions in this screen to save an existing certificate to the ZyXEL Device. " " " You can import only a certificate that matches a corresponding certification request that was generated by the ZyXEL Device. The certificate you import replaces the corresponding request in the My Certificates screen.
Chapter 14 Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 57 My Certificate Import LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it. Browse Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload. Apply Click Apply to save the certificate on the ZyXEL Device. Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen. 14.
Chapter 14 Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 58 My Certificate Create 176 LABEL DESCRIPTION Certificate Name Type up to 31 ASCII characters (not including spaces) to identify this certificate. Subject Information Use these fields to record information that identifies the owner of the certificate. You do not have to fill in every field, although the Common Name is mandatory.
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 58 My Certificate Create (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION CA Server Address Enter the IP address (or URL) of the certification authority server. CA Certificate Select the certification authority’s certificate from the CA Certificate dropdown list box. You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted CAs screen.
Chapter 14 Certificates Figure 105 My Certificate Details The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 59 My Certificate Details 178 LABEL DESCRIPTION Name This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. If you want to change the name, type up to 31 characters to identify this certificate. You may use any character (not including spaces). Property Default self-signed certificate which signs the imported remote host certificates.
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 59 My Certificate Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Certificate Path Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate itself). If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the certificate itself).
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 59 My Certificate Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the ZyXEL Device calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. Certificate in PEM (Base-64) Encoded Format This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses 64 ASCII characters to convert the binary certificate into a printable form.
Chapter 14 Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 60 Trusted CAs LABEL DESCRIPTION PKI Storage Space in Use This bar displays the percentage of the ZyXEL Device’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When you are using 80% or less of the storage space, the bar is green. When the amount of space used is over 80%, the bar is red. When the bar is red, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.
Chapter 14 Certificates " You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import the certificate. Figure 107 Trusted CA Import The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 Trusted CA Import LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it. Browse Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload. Apply Click Apply to save the certificate on the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 14 Certificates Figure 108 Trusted CA Details The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 62 Trusted CA Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Name This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. If you want to change the name, type up to 31 characters to identify this key certificate. You may use any character (not including spaces).
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 62 Trusted CA Details (continued) 184 LABEL DESCRIPTION Certificate Information These read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate. Type This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). X.
Chapter 14 Certificates Table 62 Trusted CA Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the ZyXEL Device calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. You cannot use this value to verify that this is the remote host’s actual certificate because the ZyXEL Device has signed the certificate; thus causing this value to be different from that of the remote host’s actual certificate. See Section 14.
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CHAPTER 15 Log Screens This chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and viewing the ZyXEL Device’s logs. 15.1 Configuring View Log The web configurator allows you to look at all of the ZyXEL Device’s logs in one location. Click LOGS > View Log. Use the View Log screen to see the logs for the categories that you selected in the Log Settings screen (see Figure 110 on page 189). Options include logs about system maintenance, system errors and access control.
Chapter 15 Log Screens Table 63 View Log LABEL DESCRIPTION Source This field lists the source IP address and the port number of the incoming packet. Destination This field lists the destination IP address and the port number of the incoming packet. Notes This field displays additional information about the log entry. Email Log Now Click Email Log Now to send the log screen to the e-mail address specified in the Log Settings page. Refresh Click Refresh to renew the log screen.
Chapter 15 Log Screens Figure 110 Log Settings The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 64 Log Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION Address Info Mail Server Enter the server name or the IP address of the mail server for the e-mail addresses specified below. If this field is left blank, logs and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail. Mail Subject Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the log e-mail message that the ZyXEL Device sends.
Chapter 15 Log Screens Table 64 Log Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION SMTP Authentication If you use SMTP authentication, the mail receiver should be the owner of the SMTP account. User Name If your e-mail account requires SMTP authentication, enter the username here. Password Enter the password associated with the above username. Syslog Logging Syslog logging sends a log to an external syslog server used to store logs. Active Click Active to enable syslog logging.
Chapter 15 Log Screens Table 65 System Maintenance Logs LOG MESSAGE DESCRIPTION DHCP client gets %s A DHCP client got a new IP address from the DHCP server. DHCP client IP expired A DHCP client's IP address has expired. DHCP server assigns %s The DHCP server assigned an IP address to a client. SMT Login Successfully Someone has logged on to the router's SMT interface. SMT Login Fail Someone has failed to log on to the router's SMT interface.
Chapter 15 Log Screens Table 66 ICMP Notes (continued) TYPE CODE DESCRIPTION 0 Pointer indicates the error Timestamp 13 0 Timestamp request message Timestamp Reply 14 0 Timestamp reply message Information Request 15 0 Information request message Information Reply 16 0 Information reply message Table 67 Sys log LOG MESSAGE Mon dd hr:mm:ss hostname src="" dst="" msg="" note="" DESCRIPTION This message is sent by the "RAS" when this syslog is generated.
Chapter 15 Log Screens 15.5 Log Command Example This example shows how to set the ZyXEL Device to record the error logs and alerts and then view the results. ras> ras> ras> ras> sys sys sys sys logs logs logs logs load category error 3 save display access #. time source 0 | 11/11/2002 15:10:12 | 172.22.3.80:137 NWA3550 User’s Guide | destination 172.22.255.
Chapter 15 Log Screens 194 NWA3550 User’s Guide
CHAPTER 16 VLAN This chapter discusses how to configure VLAN on the ZyXEL Device. 16.1 VLAN A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Stations on a logical network can belong to one or more groups. Only stations within the same group can talk to each other. 16.1.1 Management VLAN ID The Management VLAN ID identifies the “management VLAN”.
Chapter 16 VLAN 16.2 Configuring VLAN The ZyXEL Device allows you to configure VLAN based on SSID profile (wireless VLAN), and / or based on your RADIUS server (RADIUS VLAN). • When you use wireless VLAN, the ZyXEL Device tags all packets from an SSID with the VLAN ID you set in the Wireless VLAN screen. • When you use RADIUS VLAN, your RADIUS server assigns VLAN IDs to a user or user group’s traffic based on the configuration in the RADIUS VLAN screen.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 111 Wireless VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 69 Wireless VLAN FIELD DESCRIPTION Enable VIRTUAL LAN Select this box to enable VLAN tagging. Management VLAN ID Enter a number from 1 to 4094 to define this VLAN group. At least one device in your network must belong to this VLAN group in order to manage the ZyXEL Device. Note: Mail and FTP servers must have the same management VLAN ID to communicate with the ZyXEL Device. See Section 16.2.
Chapter 16 VLAN Table 69 Wireless VLAN FIELD DESCRIPTION Name This is the name of the SSID profile. SSID This is the SSID the profile uses. VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID number from 1 to 4094. Packets coming from the WLAN using this SSID profile are tagged with the VLAN ID number by the ZyXEL Device. Different SSID profiles can use the same or different VLAN IDs. This allows you to split wireless stations into groups using similar VLAN IDs.
Chapter 16 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 70 RADIUS VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION Block station if RADIUS server assigns VLAN name error! Select this to have the ZyXEL Device forbid access to wireless clients when the VLAN attributes sent from the RADIUS server do not match a configured Name field. When you select this check box, only users with names configured in this screen can access the network through the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 113 Management VLAN Configuration Example MVID = 10 Port 2 Port 1 Perform the following steps in the switch web configurator. This example uses the ZyXEL switch screenshots. 1 2 3 4 5 Click VLAN under Advanced Application. Click Static VLAN. Select the ACTIVE check box. Type a Name for the VLAN ID. Type a VLAN Group ID. This should be the same as the management VLAN ID on the ZyXEL Device. 6 Enable Tx Tagging on the port which you want to connect to the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 116 VLAN-Aware Switch - VLAN Status EXAM PLE Follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to set up your ZyXEL Device for configuration. The ZyXEL Device should be connected to the VLAN-aware switch. In the above example, the switch is using port 1 to connect to your computer and port 2 to connect to the ZyXEL Device: Figure 113 on page 200. 1 In the ZyXEL Device web configurator click VLAN to open the VLAN setup screen.
Chapter 16 VLAN 16.2.4 Configuring Microsoft’s IAS Server Example Dynamic VLAN assignment can be used with the ZyXEL Device. Dynamic VLAN assignment allows network administrators to assign a specific VLAN (configured on the ZyXEL Device) to an individual’s Windows User Account. When a wireless station is successfully authenticated to the network, it is automatically placed into it’s respective VLAN.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 118 New Global Security Group 2 In VLAN Group ID Properties, click the Members tab. • The IAS uses group memberships to determine which user accounts belong to which VLAN groups. Click the Add button and configure the VLAN group details. 3 Repeat the previous step to add each VLAN group required. Figure 119 Add Group Members 16.2.4.2 Configuring Remote Access Policies Once the VLAN Groups have been created, the IAS Remote Access Policy needs to be defined.
Chapter 16 VLAN • Enter a Policy friendly name that describes the policy. Each Remote Access Policy will be matched to one VLAN Group. An example may be, Allow - VLAN 10 Policy. • Click Next. Figure 120 New Remote Access Policy for VLAN Group 2 The Conditions window displays. Select Add to add a condition for this policy to act on. 3 In the Select Attribute screen, click Windows-Groups and the Add button. Figure 121 Specifying Windows-Group Condition 4 The Select Groups window displays.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 122 Adding VLAN Group 6 When the Permissions options screen displays, select Grant remote access permission. • Click Next to grant access based on group membership. • Click the Edit Profile button. Figure 123 Granting Permissions and User Profile Screens 7 The Edit Dial-in Profile screen displays. Click the Authentication tab and select the Extensible Authentication Protocol check box. • Select an EAP type depending on your authentication needs from the drop-down list box.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 124 Authentication Tab Settings 8 Click the Encryption tab. Select the Strongest encryption option. This step is not required for EAP-MD5, but is performed as a safeguard. Figure 125 Encryption Tab Settings 9 Click the IP tab and select the Client may request an IP address check box for DHCP support. 10 Click the Advanced tab. The current default parameters returned to the ZyXEL Device should be Service-Type and Framed-Protocol.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 126 Connection Attributes Screen 11 The RADIUS Attribute screen displays. From the list, three RADIUS attributes will be added: • Tunnel-Medium-Type • Tunnel-Pvt-Group-ID • Tunnel-Type • Click the Add button • Select Tunnel-Medium-Type • Click the Add button. Figure 127 RADIUS Attribute Screen 12 The Enumerable Attribute Information screen displays. Select the 802 value from the Attribute value drop-down list box. • Click OK.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 128 802 Attribute Setting for Tunnel-Medium-Type 13 Return to the RADIUS Attribute Screen shown as Figure 127 on page 207. • Select Tunnel-Pvt-Group-ID. • Click Add. 14 The Attribute Information screen displays. • In the Enter the attribute value in: field select String and type a number in the range 1 to 4094 or a Name for this policy. This Name should match a name in the VLAN mapping table on the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 16 VLAN Figure 130 VLAN Attribute Setting for Tunnel-Type 17 Return to the RADIUS Attribute Screen shown as Figure 127 on page 207. • Click the Close button. • The completed Advanced tab configuration should resemble the following screen. Figure 131 Completed Advanced Tab " Repeat the Configuring Remote Access Policies procedure for each VLAN Group defined in the Active Directory.
Chapter 16 VLAN 16.2.5 Second Rx VLAN ID Example In this example, the ZyXEL Device is configured to tag packets from SSID01 with VLAN ID 1 and tag packets from SSID02 with VLAN ID 2. VLAN 1 and VLAN 2 have access to a server, S, and the Internet, as shown in the following figure. Figure 132 Second Rx VLAN ID Example SSID01 VLAN ID: 1 Second Rx VLAN ID: 2 S Internet SSID02 VLAN ID: 2 Second Rx VLAN ID: 0 Packets sent from the server S back to the switch are tagged with a VLAN ID (incoming VLAN ID).
Chapter 16 VLAN 4 Select the SSID profile you want to configure (SSID03 in this example), and enter the VLAN ID number (between 1 and 4094). 5 Enter a Second Rx VLAN ID. The following screen shows SSID03 tagged with a VLAN ID of 3 and a Second Rx VLAN ID of 4. Figure 133 Configuring SSID: Second Rx VLAN ID Example 6 Click Apply to save these settings. Outgoing packets from clients in SSID03 are tagged with a VLAN ID of 3, and incoming packets with a VLAN ID of 3 or 4 are forwarded to SSID03.
Chapter 16 VLAN 212 NWA3550 User’s Guide
CHAPTER 17 Maintenance This chapter displays system information such as ZyNOS firmware, port IP addresses and port traffic statistics. 17.1 Maintenance Overview The maintenance screens can help you view system information, upload new firmware, manage configuration and restart your ZyXEL Device. 17.2 System Status Screen Click MAINTENANCE to open the System Status screen, where you can see information about your ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Table 72 System Status LABEL DESCRIPTION DHCP This is the Ethernet port DHCP role - Client or None. Show Statistics Click Show Statistics to see router performance statistics such as number of packets sent and number of packets received for each port. 17.2.1 System Statistics Click Maintenance > Show Statistics. Read-only information here includes port status, packet specific statistics and bridge link status. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll interval(s)".
Chapter 17 Maintenance The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 73 System Status: Show Statistics LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This is the Ethernet port (LAN) or wireless LAN adaptor (WLAN1 or WLAN2). Status This shows the port speed and duplex setting if you are using Ethernet encapsulation for the Ethernet port. Ethernet port connections can be in halfduplex or full-duplex mode.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Figure 136 Association List The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 74 Association List LABEL DESCRIPTION Stations Index This is the index number of an associated wireless station. MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station. Association Time This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device. SSID This field displays the SSID to which the wireless station is associated.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Figure 137 Channel Usage The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 75 Channel Usage LABEL DESCRIPTION SSID This is the Service Set IDentification name of the AP in an Infrastructure wireless network or wireless station in an Ad-Hoc wireless network. For our purposes, we define an Infrastructure network as a wireless network that uses an AP and an Ad-Hoc network (also known as Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS)) as one that doesn’t.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Figure 138 Firmware Upload The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 76 Firmware Upload 1 LABEL DESCRIPTION File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse ... to find it. Browse... Click Browse... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Figure 140 Network Temporarily Disconnected After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the System Status screen. If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the F/W Upload screen. Figure 141 Firmware Upload Error 17.6 Configuration Screen See Chapter 23 on page 243 for information on how to transfer configuration files using FTP/ TFTP commands. Click MAINTENANCE > Configuration.
Chapter 17 Maintenance Figure 142 Configuration 17.6.1 Backup Configuration Backup configuration allows you to back up (save) the ZyXEL Device’s current configuration to a file on your computer. Once your ZyXEL Device is configured and functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings.
Chapter 17 Maintenance 1 Do not turn off the ZyXEL Device while configuration file upload is in progress. After you see a “restore configuration successful” screen, you must then wait one minute before logging into the ZyXEL Device again. Figure 143 Configuration Upload Successful The ZyXEL Device automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.
Chapter 17 Maintenance 17.6.3 Back to Factory Defaults Pressing the Reset button in this section clears all user-entered configuration information and returns the ZyXEL Device to its factory defaults as shown on the screen. The following warning screen will appear. Figure 146 Reset Warning Message You can also press the RESET button to reset your ZyXEL Device to its factory default settings. Refer to Section 2.2 on page 42 for more information. 17.
P ART III SMT, Troubleshooting and Specifications Introducing the SMT (225) General Setup (231) LAN Setup (233) System Password (235) System Password (235) System Information and Diagnosis (237) Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance (243) System Maintenance and Information (249) Troubleshooting (257) Product Specifications (261) 223
CHAPTER 18 Introducing the SMT This chapter describes how to access the SMT and provides an overview of its menus. 18.1 Introduction to the SMT The ZyXEL Device’s SMT (System Management Terminal) is a menu-driven interface that you can access from a terminal emulator through the console port or over a telnet connection. This chapter shows you how to access the SMT (System Management Terminal) menus, how to navigate the SMT and how to configure SMT menus. 18.
Chapter 18 Introducing the SMT Figure 148 Initial Screen Bootbase Version: V1.05 | 03/23/2007 11:39:53 RAM:Size = 32 Mbytes DRAM POST: Testing: 32608K OK DRAM Test SUCCESS ! FLASH: AMD 32M ZyNOS Version: V3.60(AAM.0)b1 | 02/01/2008 19:40:56 Press any key to enter debug mode within 3 seconds. .......................................................... .. Copyright (c) 1994 - 2007 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
Chapter 18 Introducing the SMT " Whether or not you use administrator authentication on RADIUS, you still use the local system password to log in via the console port. Please note that if there is no activity for longer than five minutes after you log in, your ZyXEL Device will automatically log you out and display a blank screen. If you see a blank screen, press [ENTER] to bring up the login screen again. Figure 149 Password Screen Enter Password : XXXX 18.
Chapter 18 Introducing the SMT Figure 151 Menu 23 System Password Menu 23 – System Password Old Password= **** New Password= ? Retype to confirm= ? Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL: 3 Type your new system password in the New Password field (up to 30 characters), and press [ENTER]. 4 Re-type your new system password in the Retype to confirm field for confirmation and press [ENTER]. Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk “*” for each character you type. 18.
Chapter 18 Introducing the SMT Several operations that you should be familiar with before you attempt to modify the configuration are listed in the table below. Table 79 Main Menu Commands OPERATION KEYSTROKE DESCRIPTION Move down to another menu [ENTER] To move forward to a submenu, type in the number of the desired submenu and press [ENTER]. Move up to a previous menu [ESC] Press [ESC] to move back to the previous menu.
Chapter 18 Introducing the SMT 18.6.1 System Management Terminal Interface Summary Table 80 Main Menu Summary # MENU TITLE DESCRIPTION 1 General Setup Use this menu to set up your general information. 3 LAN Setup Use this menu to set up your LAN and WLAN connection. 23 System Password Use this menu to change your password. 24 System Maintenance This menu provides system status, diagnostics, software upload, etc. 99 Exit Use this to exit the SMT.
CHAPTER 19 General Setup The chapter shows you the information on general setup. 19.1 General Setup Menu 1 – General Setup contains administrative and system-related information (shown next). The System Name field is for identification purposes. The Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. While you must enter the host name (System Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the ZyXEL Device via DHCP. 19.1.
Chapter 19 General Setup Table 81 Menu 1 General Setup FIELD DESCRIPTION First/Second/Third System DNS Server Press [SPACE BAR] to select From DHCP, User Defined or None and press [ENTER]. These fields are not available on all models. IP Address Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. This field is available when you select User-Defined in the field above.
CHAPTER 20 LAN Setup This chapter shows you how to configure the LAN on your ZyXEL Device. 20.1 LAN Setup This section describes how to configure the Ethernet using Menu 3 – LAN Setup. From the main menu, enter “3” to display menu 3. Figure 154 Menu 3 LAN Setup Menu 3 - LAN Setup 2. TCP/IP Setup Enter Menu Selection Number: Detailed explanation about the LAN Setup menu is given in the next chapter. 20.2 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup Use menu 3.2 to configure your ZyXEL Device for TCP/IP. To edit menu 3.
Chapter 20 LAN Setup Follow the instructions in the following table on how to configure the fields in this menu. Table 82 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP Setup FIELD DESCRIPTION IP Address Assignment Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Dynamic to have the ZyXEL Device obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. You must know the IP address assigned to the ZyXEL Device (by the DHCP server) to access the ZyXEL Device again. Select Static to give the ZyXEL Device a fixed, unique IP address.
CHAPTER 21 System Password This chapter describes how to configure the ZyXEL Device’s system password. 21.1 System Password You can configure the system password in this menu. Refer to Section 18.4 on page 227. Figure 156 Menu 23 System Password Menu 23 – System Password Old Password= ? New Password= ? Retype to confirm= ? Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL: You should change the default password. If you forget your password you have to restore the default configuration file. Refer to Section 2.
Chapter 21 System Password 236 NWA3550 User’s Guide
CHAPTER 22 System Information and Diagnosis This chapter covers the information and diagnostic tools in SMT menus 24.1 to 24.4. These tools include updates on system status, port status, log and trace capabilities and upgrades for the system software. This chapter describes how to use these tools in detail. Type “24” in the main menu and press [ENTER] to open Menu 24 – System Maintenance, as shown in the following figure. Figure 157 Menu 24 System Maintenance Menu 24 - System Maintenance 1. 2. 3. 4.
Chapter 22 System Information and Diagnosis Figure 158 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance: Status Port Status Ethernet 100M/Full WLAN1 54M WLAN2 Down Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance - Status 00:15:06 Sat. Jan. 01, 2000 TxPkts 761 515 0 Rx B/s 192 0 0 Port Ethernet Address Ethernet 00:13:49:00:00:01 WLAN1 00:13:49:00:00:01 WLAN2 00:13:49:00:00:02 RxPkts 366 0 0 Cols 0 0 0 IP Address 192.168.1.2 Tx B/s 305 64 0 IP Mask 255.255.255.
Chapter 22 System Information and Diagnosis 1 Enter “24” to display Menu 24 – System Maintenance. 2 Enter “2” to display Menu 24.2 – System Information and Console Port Speed. 3 From this menu you have two choices as shown in the next figure: Figure 159 Menu 24.2 System Information and Console Port Speed Menu 24.2 - System Information and Console Port Speed 1. System Information 2. Console Port Speed Please enter selection: " The ZyXEL Device also has an internal console port for support personnel only.
Chapter 22 System Information and Diagnosis Table 84 Menu 24.2.1 System Maintenance: Information FIELD DESCRIPTION Country Code Refers to the country code of the firmware. LAN Ethernet Address Refers to the Ethernet MAC (Media Access Control) of your ZyXEL Device. IP Address This is the IP address of the ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation. IP Mask This shows the subnet mask of the ZyXEL Device. DHCP This field shows the DHCP setting of the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 22 System Information and Diagnosis 3 Enter 1 from Menu 24.3 – System Maintenance – Log and Trace and press [ENTER] twice to display the error log in the system. After the ZyXEL Device finishes displaying the error log, you will have the option to clear it. Samples of typical error and information messages are presented in the next figure.
Chapter 22 System Information and Diagnosis The following table describes the diagnostic tests available in menu 24.4 for your ZyXEL Device and the connections. Table 85 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance Menu: Diagnostic 242 FIELD DESCRIPTION Ping Host Ping the host to see if the links and TCP/IP protocol on both systems are working. DHCP Release Release the IP address assigned by the DHCP server. DHCP Renewal Get a new IP address from the DHCP server. Reboot System Reboot the ZyXEL Device.
CHAPTER 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance This chapter tells you how to backup and restore your configuration file as well as upload new firmware and configuration files using the SMT screens. 23.1 Filename Conventions The configuration file (often called the romfile or rom-0) contains the factory default settings in the menus such as password and TCP/IP Setup, etc. It arrives from ZyXEL with a rom filename extension.
Chapter 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance The following table is a summary. Please note that the internal filename refers to the filename on the ZyXEL Device and the external filename refers to the filename not on the ZyXEL Device, that is, on your computer, local network or FTP site and so the name (but not the extension) will vary. After uploading new firmware see the ZyNOS F/W Version field in Menu 24.2.
Chapter 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance Figure 165 FTP Session Example 331 Enter PASS command Password: 230 Logged in ftp> bin 200 Type I OK ftp> get rom-0 zyxel.rom 200 Port command okay 150 Opening data connection for STOR ras 226 File received OK ftp: 327680 bytes sent in 1.10Seconds 297.89Kbytes/sec. ftp> quit The following table describes some of the commands that you may see in third party FTP clients.
Chapter 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance 5 Use the TFTP client (see the example below) to transfer files between the ZyXEL Device and the computer. The file name for the configuration file is rom-0 (rom-zero, not capital o). Note that the telnet connection must be active and the SMT in CI mode before and during the TFTP transfer. For details on TFTP commands (see following example), please consult the documentation of your TFTP client program.
Chapter 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance 4 Enter “root” and your SMT password as requested. The default is 1234. 5 Enter “bin” to set transfer mode to binary. 6 Use “put” to transfer files from the computer to the ZyXEL Device for example “put firmware.bin ras” transfers the firmware on your computer (firmware.bin) to the ZyXEL Device and renames it “ras”. Similarly “put config.rom rom-0” transfers the configuration file on your computer (config.
Chapter 23 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance Note that the telnet connection must be active and the SMT in CI mode before and during the TFTP transfer. For details on TFTP commands (see following example), please consult the documentation of your TFTP client program. For UNIX, use “get” to transfer from the ZyXEL Device to the computer, “put” the other way around, and “binary” to set binary transfer mode. 23.3.
CHAPTER 24 System Maintenance and Information This chapter leads you through SMT menus 24.8 and 24.10. 24.1 Command Interpreter Mode The Command Interpreter (CI) is a part of the main system firmware. The CI provides much of the same functionality as the SMT, while adding some low-level setup and diagnostic functions. Enter the CI from the SMT by selecting menu 24.8. See the included disk or the zyxel.com web site for more detailed information on CI commands. Enter 8 from Menu 24 – System Maintenance.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information " Not all commands are available in all models. Figure 168 Valid CI Commands Copyright (c) 1994 - 2007 ZyXEL Communications Corp. NWA-Serie> help or ? Valid commands are: sys exit device ether config wlan ip ppp bridge hdap bm certificates netsnmp radius 8021x radserv wcfg rogueAP NWA-Serie> 24.1.1 Command Syntax • • • • • The command keywords are in courier new font. Enter the command keywords exactly as shown, do not abbreviate.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information This command sets the password protection to block all access attempts for five minutes after the third time an incorrect password is entered. 24.2 Time and Date Setting The ZyXEL Device keeps track of the time and date. There is also a software mechanism to set the time manually or get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your ZyXEL Device. Menu 24.10 allows you to update the time and date settings of your ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information Table 90 System Maintenance: Time and Date Setting FIELD DESCRIPTION New Time Enter the new time in hour, minute and second format. Current Date This field displays an updated date only when you re-enter this menu. New Date Enter the new date in year, month and day format. Time Zone Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information 24.3.2 FTP You can upload and download ZyXEL Device firmware and configuration files using FTP. To use this feature, your computer must have an FTP client. 24.3.3 Web You can use the ZyXEL Device’s embedded web configurator for configuration and file management. See the online help for details. 24.3.4 Remote Management Setup Remote management setup is for managing Telnet, FTP and Web services.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information The following table describes the fields in this menu. Table 91 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control FIELD DESCRIPTION TELNET Server: FTP Server: SSH Server: HTTPS Server: HTTP Server: SNMP Service: DNS Service: Each of these read-only labels denotes a server or service that you may use to remotely manage the ZyXEL Device. Port This field shows the port number for the remote management service.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information 24.4 System Timeout There is a system timeout of five minutes (300 seconds) for Telnet/web/FTP connections. Your ZyXEL Device will automatically log you out if you do nothing in this timeout period, except when it is continuously updating the status in menu 24.1 or when sys stdio has been changed on the command line.
Chapter 24 System Maintenance and Information 256 NWA3550 User’s Guide
CHAPTER 25 Troubleshooting This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories. • • • • Power and Hardware Connections ZyXEL Device Access and Login Internet Access Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting 25.1 Power and Hardware Connections V The ZyXEL Device does not turn on. 1 Make sure you are using the PoE power injector included with the ZyXEL Device.
Chapter 25 Troubleshooting V I forgot the password. 1 The default password is 1234. 2 If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. Contact your vendor. V I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator. 1 Make sure you are using the correct IP address. • The default IP address is 192.168.1.2. • If you changed the IP address (Section 10.3 on page 134), use the new IP address.
Chapter 25 Troubleshooting 4 If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. Contact your vendor. V I cannot access the SMT. See the troubleshooting suggestions for I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator. Ignore the suggestions about your browser. V I cannot use FTP to upload / download the configuration file. / I cannot use FTP to upload new firmware.
Chapter 25 Troubleshooting V The Internet connection is slow or intermittent. 1 There might be a lot of traffic on the network. If the ZyXEL Device is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications. 2 Make sure the ZyXEL Device is installed in a position free of obstructions. 3 Check the signal strength.
CHAPTER 26 Product Specifications The following tables summarize the ZyXEL Device’s hardware and firmware features. Table 92 Hardware Specifications SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Dimensions 256 (W) x 246 (D) x 82 (H) mm Weight 2000 g Power PoE draw: 48V 20W at least Ethernet Port Auto-negotiating: 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Auto-crossover: Use either crossover or straight-through Ethernet cables. Power over Ethernet (PoE) IEEE 802.3af compliant.
Chapter 26 Product Specifications Table 92 Hardware Specifications SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION Storage Environment Temperature: -40º C ~ 70º C Humidity: 5% ~ 95% RH Approvals Radio • USA: FCC Part 15C 15.247 FCC Part 15E 15.407 FCC OET65 • EU: ETSI EN 300 328 V1.7.1 ETSI EN 301 893 V1.2.3 • Taiwan: DGT LP0002 • Canada: Industry Canada RSS-210 • Australia: AS/NZS 4268 EMC/ EMI • USA: FCC Part 15 Subpart B • EU: EN 301 489-17 V1.2.
Chapter 26 Product Specifications Table 93 Firmware Specifications WMM QoS WMM (Wi-Fi MultiMedia) QoS (Quality of Service) allows you to prioritize wireless traffic. Certificates The ZyXEL Device can use certificates (also called digital IDs) to authenticate users. Certificates are based on public-private key pairs. Certificates provide a way to exchange public keys for use in authentication.
Chapter 26 Product Specifications Compatible ZyXEL Antennas At the time of writing, you can use the following antennas in your ZyXEL Device. Table 94 ZyXEL Device Compatible Antennas MODEL EXT-108 EXR-109 Frequency Band (MHz) 2400 ~ 2500 2400 ~ 2500 2400 ~ 2500 2400 ~ 2500 2400 4900 5150 ~ 5875 4900 ~ 5875 ~ ~ 2500 5875 Gain (dBi) 8 9 14 18 6 Max. VSWR 2.0:1 1.5:1 1.5:1 1.5:1 2.0:1 2.0:1 2.0:1 2.
Chapter 26 Product Specifications Power over Ethernet (PoE) Specifications You can use a power over Ethernet injector to power this device. The injector must comply to IEEE 802.3af. Table 96 Power over Ethernet Injector Specifications Power Output 15.
Chapter 26 Product Specifications 266 NWA3550 User’s Guide
P ART IV Appendices and Index Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address (269) Wireless LANs (281) Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions (295) IP Addresses and Subnetting (301) Text File Based Auto Configuration (309) Legal Information (317) Customer Support (321) Index (327) 267
APPENDIX A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application package.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 171 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration Installing Components The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need the adapter: 1 In the Network window, click Add. 2 Select Adapter and then click Add. 3 Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Configuring 1 In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click Properties 2 Click the IP Address tab. • If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically. • If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields. Figure 172 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address 3 Click the DNS Configuration tab.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 173 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration 4 Click the Gateway tab. • If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways. • If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add. 5 Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window. 6 Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 174 Windows XP: Start Menu 2 For Windows XP, click Network Connections. For Windows 2000/NT, click Network and Dial-up Connections. Figure 175 Windows XP: Control Panel 3 Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 176 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties 4 Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click Properties. Figure 177 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties 5 The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP). • If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 178 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings 6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK. Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses: • In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add. • In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 179 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 8 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. 9 Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window. 10 Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings 1 Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt. 2 In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER].
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 180 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu 2 Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list. Figure 181 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP 3 For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list. 4 For statically assigned settings, do the following: • From the Configure box, select Manually.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address • Type your IP address in the IP Address box. • Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. • Type the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in the Router address box. 5 Close the TCP/IP Control Panel. 6 Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration. 7 Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 183 Macintosh OS X: Network 4 For statically assigned settings, do the following: • From the Configure box, select Manually. • Type your IP address in the IP Address box. • Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. • Type the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in the Router address box. 5 Click Apply Now and close the window. 6 Turn on your ZyXEL Device and restart your computer (if prompted).
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 280 NWA3550 User’s Guide
APPENDIX B Wireless LANs Wireless LAN Topologies This section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies. Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of computers with wireless adapters (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless adapters are within range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as an ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
Appendix B Wireless LANs Figure 185 Basic Service Set ESS An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an access point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS). This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Figure 186 Infrastructure WLAN Channel A channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless devices. Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Figure 187 RTS/CTS When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations. RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes.
Appendix B Wireless LANs If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see previously) you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. Preamble Type Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and Long refer to the length of the synchronization field in a packet.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Wireless security methods available on the ZyXEL Device are data encryption, wireless client authentication, restricting access by device MAC address and hiding the ZyXEL Device identity. The following figure shows the relative effectiveness of these wireless security methods available on your ZyXEL Device.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the network. • Accounting Keeps track of the client’s network activity. RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the wireless client and the network RADIUS server.
Appendix B Wireless LANs For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs) can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner. EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless client.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Dynamic WEP Key Exchange The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed. If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Encryption Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. WPA and WPA2 use Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption than TKIP. TKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Wireless Client WPA Supplicants A wireless client supplicant is the software that runs on an operating system instructing the wireless client how to use WPA. At the time of writing, the most widely available supplicant is the WPA patch for Windows XP, Funk Software's Odyssey client. The Windows XP patch is a free download that adds WPA capability to Windows XP's built-in "Zero Configuration" wireless client. However, you must run Windows XP to use it.
Appendix B Wireless LANs 4 The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data exchanged between them. Figure 189 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication Security Parameters Summary Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features.
Appendix B Wireless LANs Positioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN. Antenna Characteristics Frequency An antenna in the frequency of 2.4GHz (IEEE 802.11b) or 5GHz(IEEE 802.11a) is needed to communicate efficiently in a wireless LAN. Radiation Pattern A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows you to visualize the shape of the antenna’s coverage area.
Appendix B Wireless LANs For omni-directional antennas mounted on a table, desk, and so on, point the antenna up. For omni-directional antennas mounted on a wall or ceiling, point the antenna down. For a single AP application, place omni-directional antennas as close to the center of the coverage area as possible. For directional antennas, point the antenna in the direction of the desired coverage area.
APPENDIX C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions In order to use the web configurator you need to allow: • Web browser pop-up windows from your device. • JavaScripts (enabled by default). • Java permissions (enabled by default). " Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here. Screens for other Internet Explorer versions may vary. Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers You may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device.
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 2 Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen. This disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled. Figure 191 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Click Apply to save this setting. Enable pop-up Blockers with Exceptions Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps. 1 In Internet Explorer, select Tools, Internet Options and then the Privacy tab.
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions Figure 192 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1. 4 Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites.
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 5 Click Close to return to the Privacy screen. 6 Click Apply to save this setting. JavaScripts If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that JavaScripts are allowed. 1 In Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab. Figure 194 Internet Options: Security 2 3 4 5 6 298 Click the Custom Level... button. Scroll down to Scripting.
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions Figure 195 Security Settings - Java Scripting Java Permissions 1 2 3 4 5 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab. Click the Custom Level... button. Scroll down to Microsoft VM. Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected. Click OK to close the window.
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions JAVA (Sun) 1 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Advanced tab. 2 Make sure that Use Java 2 for
APPENDIX D IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as hosts. Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Figure 198 Network Number and Host ID How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask. Subnet Masks A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term “subnet” is short for “subnetwork”. A subnet mask has 32 bits.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks. Table 103 Subnet Masks BINARY DECIMAL 1ST OCTET 2ND OCTET 3RD OCTET 4TH OCTET 8-bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.0 16-bit mask 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.0 24-bit mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 105 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation (continued) SUBNET MASK ALTERNATIVE NOTATION LAST OCTET (BINARY) LAST OCTET (DECIMAL) 255.255.255.192 /26 1100 0000 192 255.255.255.224 /27 1110 0000 224 255.255.255.240 /28 1111 0000 240 255.255.255.248 /29 1111 1000 248 255.255.255.252 /30 1111 1100 252 Subnetting You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Figure 200 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 27 – 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address). 192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask 255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 107 Subnet 2 IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192.168.1. 64 IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000 Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Subnet Address: 192.168.1.64 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65 Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.127 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126 Table 108 Subnet 3 IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE IP Address 192.168.1.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 110 Eight Subnets (continued) SUBNET SUBNET ADDRESS FIRST ADDRESS LAST ADDRESS BROADCAST ADDRESS 5 128 129 158 159 6 160 161 190 191 7 192 193 222 223 8 224 225 254 255 Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number. Table 111 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET 1 255.255.255.
Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 112 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning (continued) NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET 14 255.255.255.252 (/30) 16384 2 15 255.255.255.254 (/31) 32768 1 Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
APPENDIX E Text File Based Auto Configuration This chapter describes how administrators can use text configuration files to configure the wireless LAN settings for multiple APs. Text File Based Auto Configuration Overview You can use plain text configuration files to configure the wireless LAN settings on multiple APs. The AP can automatically get a configuration file from a TFTP server at startup or after renewing DHCP client information.
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration " If adjacent APs use the same configuration file, you should leave out the channel setting since they could interfere with each other’s wireless traffic. Auto Configuration by DHCP A DHCP response can use options 66 and 67 to assign a TFTP server IP address and a filename. If the AP is configured as a DHCP client, these settings can be used to perform auto configuration.
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration Use the following procedure to have the AP download the configuration file. Table 115 Configuration via SNMP STEPS MIB VARIABLE VALUE Step 1 pwTftpServer Set the IP address of the TFTP server. Step 2 pwTftpFileName Set the file name, for example, g3000hcfg.txt. Step 3 pwTftpFileType Set to 3 (text configuration file). Step 4 pwTftpOpCommand Set to 2 (download).
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration Configuration File Rules You can only use the wlan and wcfg commands in the configuration file. The AP ignores other ZyNOS commands but continues to check the next command. The AP ignores any improperly formatted commands and continues to check the next line.
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration Figure 204 802.1X Configuration File Example !#ZYXEL PROWLAN !#VERSION 12 wcfg security 2 name Test-8021x wcfg security 2 mode 8021x-static128 wcfg security 2 wep key1 abcdefghijklm wcfg security 2 wep key2 bcdefghijklmn wcfg security 2 wep keyindex 1 wcfg security 2 reauthtime 1800 wcfg security 2 idletime 3600 wcfg security save wcfg radius 2 name radius-rd wcfg radius 2 primary 172.23.3.4 1812 1234 enable wcfg radius 2 backup 172.23.3.
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration Figure 206 WPA Configuration File Example !#ZYXEL PROWLAN !#VERSION 14 wcfg security 4 name Test-wpa wcfg security 4 mode wpa wcfg security 4 reauthtime 1800 wcfg security 4 idletime 3600 wcfg security 4 groupkeytime 1800 wcfg security save wcfg radius 4 name radius-rd1 wcfg radius 4 primary 172.0.20.38 1812 20 enable wcfg radius 4 backup 172.0.20.
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration Figure 207 Wlan Configuration File Example !#ZYXEL PROWLAN !#VERSION 15 wcfg ssid 1 name ssid-wep wcfg ssid 1 security Test-wep wcfg ssid 2 name ssid-8021x wcfg ssid 2 security Test-8021x wcfg ssid 2 radius radius-rd wcfg ssid 3 name ssid-wpapsk wcfg ssid 3 security Test-wpapsk wcfg ssid 4 name ssid-wpa2psk wcfg ssid 4 security Test-wpa2psk wcfg ssid save !line starting with '!' is comment !change to channel 8 wlan chid 8 !change operating mode -> AP mode, !the
Appendix E Text File Based Auto Configuration 316 NWA3550 User’s Guide
APPENDIX F Legal Information Copyright Copyright © 2008 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Appendix F Legal Information If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: 1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
Appendix F Legal Information Viewing Certifications 1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com. 2 Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page. 3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page. ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase.
Appendix F Legal Information 320 NWA3550 User’s Guide
APPENDIX G Customer Support In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you bought the device. Regional offices are listed below (see also http:// www.zyxel.com/web/contact_us.php). Please have the following information ready when you contact an office. Required Information • • • • Product model and serial number. Warranty Information.
Appendix G Customer Support • Address: 1005F, ShengGao International Tower, No.137 XianXia Rd., Shanghai • Web: http://www.zyxel.cn Costa Rica • • • • • • Support E-mail: soporte@zyxel.co.cr Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.cr Telephone: +506-2017878 Fax: +506-2015098 Web: www.zyxel.co.cr Regular Mail: ZyXEL Costa Rica, Plaza Roble Escazú, Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso, San José, Costa Rica Czech Republic • • • • • E-mail: info@cz.zyxel.com Telephone: +420-241-091-350 Fax: +420-241-091-359 Web: www.zyxel.
Appendix G Customer Support Germany • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.de Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.de Telephone: +49-2405-6909-69 Fax: +49-2405-6909-99 Web: www.zyxel.de Regular Mail: ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH., Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146, Wuerselen, Germany Hungary • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.hu Sales E-mail: info@zyxel.hu Telephone: +36-1-3361649 Fax: +36-1-3259100 Web: www.zyxel.hu Regular Mail: ZyXEL Hungary, 48, Zoldlomb Str.
Appendix G Customer Support Malaysia • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.my Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.my Telephone: +603-8076-9933 Fax: +603-8076-9833 Web: http://www.zyxel.com.my Regular Mail: ZyXEL Malaysia Sdn Bhd., 1-02 & 1-03, Jalan Kenari 17F, Bandar Puchong Jaya, 47100 Puchong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia North America • • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com Support Telephone: +1-800-978-7222 Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.
Appendix G Customer Support Singapore • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.com.sg Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.sg Telephone: +65-6899-6678 Fax: +65-6899-8887 Web: http://www.zyxel.com.sg Regular Mail: ZyXEL Singapore Pte Ltd., No. 2 International Business Park, The Strategy #03-28, Singapore 609930 Spain • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.es Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.es Telephone: +34-902-195-420 Fax: +34-913-005-345 Web: www.zyxel.
Appendix G Customer Support Turkey • • • • • Support E-mail: cso@zyxel.com.tr Telephone: +90 212 222 55 22 Fax: +90-212-220-2526 Web: http:www.zyxel.com.tr Address: Kaptanpasa Mahallesi Piyalepasa Bulvari Ortadogu Plaza N:14/13 K:6 Okmeydani/Sisli Istanbul/Turkey Ukraine • • • • • • Support E-mail: support@ua.zyxel.com Sales E-mail: sales@ua.zyxel.com Telephone: +380-44-247-69-78 Fax: +380-44-494-49-32 Web: www.ua.zyxel.com Regular Mail: ZyXEL Ukraine, 13, Pimonenko Str.
Index Index A C access 34 access point 34 access privileges 36 address assignment 133 address filtering 33 administrator authentication on RADIUS 80 Advanced Encryption Standard See AES.
Index disclaimer 317 DS field 89 DSCPs 89 Dynamic Frequency Selection 91 dynamic WEP key exchange 289 E EAP authentication 287 encryption 35, 290 error log 240 error/information messages sample 241 ESS 282 ESSID 260 Extended Service Set see ESS Extended Service Set IDentification 94, 116 F FCC interference statement 317 file version 311 filename conventions 243 filtering 33 firmware file maintenance 217 flow control 225 fragmentation threshold 284 friendly AP list 140 FTP 38, 143, 147, 254 restrictions 1
Index maintenance 33 management 33 Management Information Base (MIB) 155 management VLAN 199 managing the device good habits 39 using FTP. See FTP. using Telnet. See command interface. using the command interface. See command interface.
Index RTS/CTS handshake 93, 97, 116 S safety warnings 6 security 34 security profiles 33 server 33 Service Set 94, 116 Service Set Identifier see SSID SMT 228 SMT menu overview 228 SNMP 154, 263 manager 155 MIBs 156 traps 157 version 3 and security 157 Spanning Tree Protocol 90 specifications 265 SSH 144 how SSH works 144 implementation 145 SSID 36 SSID profile 118 pre-configured 36 SSID profiles 36, 37 STP 90 STP - how it works 91 STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) 262 STP path costs 90 STP port states 91 STP
Index web configurator 33, 41, 43 WEP 33 WEP encryption 105 Wi-Fi Multimedia QoS 86 Wi-Fi Protected Access 33, 289 wired network 33, 34 wireless channel 260 wireless client WPA supplicants 291 Wireless Distribution System (WDS) 35 wireless Internet connection 34 wireless LAN 260 wireless security 36, 260, 285 WLAN interference 283 security parameters 292 WLAN interface 33 WMM 119 WPA 33, 289 key caching 290 pre-authentication 290 user authentication 290 vs WPA-PSK 290 wireless client supplicant 291 with RA
Index 332 NWA3550 User’s Guide
