ZyXEL U-1496 Series Modems User’s Manual Copyright 1994-1997 by ZyXEL Communications Corp.
Chapter One - INTRODUCTION THE U-1496 SERIES UNIVERSAL MODEMS The U-1496 series of high-speed modems feature five base models. They are: U-1496 External stand alone model with 20 x 2 LCD display and menu control. Also called U-1496S. Includes 2/4-wire leased line support. U-1496E External stand alone model with LED status indicators. 2-wire application only. U-1496B PC internal card version. U-1496R Rack mount modem card version.
basic overview of the U-1496 series modems' features, introduces some basics of modem operation for novice users, and explains the installation of the different models of the U-1496 series including the U-1496B PC-card. Please note that the COM port and interrupt number must be properly chosen, before the U-1496B can be installed. The panel operation of the U-1496 is described in Chapter 4 and 5. The U-1496 has an LCD display menu control panel.
V.33 12,000 2400 64-TCM 1800 V.32bis 14,400 2400 128-TCM 1800 V.32bis 12,000 2400 64-TCM 1800 V.32bis 7,200 2400 16-TCM 1800 V.32 9,600 2400 32-TCM 1800 V.32 uncoded 9,600 2400 16-QAM 1800 V.32 4,800 2400 4-DPSK 1800 V.29 9,600 2400 16-QAM 1700 V.29 7,200 2400 8-QAM 1700 V.29 4,800 2400 4-DPSK 1700 V.27ter 4800 1600 8-PSK 1800 V.27ter 2400 1200 4-DPSK 1800 V.23 1200/75 1200/75 FSK V.23 600/75 600/75 FSK V.22bis 2,400 600 16-QAM 1200 Orig. 2400 Ans. V.22 (BELL 212A) 1,200 600 4-DPSK 1200 Orig. 2400 Ans. V.
Programmable speaker volume control. Non-volatile memory storage. Remote configuration. Security call back. Caller ID detection. Distinctive ring detection. Extensive Status reports. Diagnostics available for: Modem full self test Analog loopback (w/ self test) Remote digital loopback (w/ self test) Digital loopback XON/XOFF or CTS/RTS flow control.
BEFORE YOU GET STARTED Before you proceed further, please check to see if you have all the necessary materials from the shipping package and make sure nothing is missing. The complete package should include: one (1) U-1496 series universal modem one (1) power adapter pack (stand alone model only) one (1) RJ11 telephone cable one (1) JM8 leased line cable (U-1496 only) one (1) U-1496 series user's manual one (1) ZFAX 3.
Communication software controls the modem connected to the computer and directs data to and from the modem. For most cases in the PC environment, the modem is used in an asynchronous mode and the software controls the modem by the AT commands. ZyXEL modems support the extended AT command set and are compatible with most communication software packages. However, there are some unique features in the ZyXEL modem and there are a few unique commands to control them.
telephone network and reach the other modem. The remote modem translates the analog signal received back into data (demodulation) and sends the information to the receiving end computer. Modems are telephones for computers, what they use to talk to each other. ((*MODE-02*; Modem as used in computer communications)) WHAT ARE DTE AND DCE DTE and DCE are terminologies used in data communication.
signal is sent; character timing is recovered from the data itself. A PC's COM1 and COM2 are asynchronous serial ports. Most PCs' and Unix systems' serial data communications are asynchronous. The serial data communication on an IBM mainframe or mini is synchronous. WHAT IS UART UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) is the device used in a DTE or DCE for asynchronous data reception and transmission. The normal UART device used in PCs is of the NS16450 type.
A leased-line phone service is also available from phone companies in a 4-wire form. Here the transmitting and receiving signal each uses a separate 2-wire pair and thus no echo problem will result. Normally, no DC current feeding, ringing, or dialing function is provided on a leased line. There is also the case of a 2-wire leased line which is a permanent 2-wire connection.
interfaces and finds most of its use in Europe and IBM mainframe or mini environments which use synchronous communication. ERROR CORRECTION In synchronous data communication, data is checked and corrected in the host by the so called "link layer protocol" to ensure data integrity. Normally, no data checking is provided in the host for asynchronous data communication.
V.42bis is used with V.42 for error correction. XMODEM, YMODEM, AND ZMODEM These are file transfer protocols used by the host (e.g., the communications program in the PC). It does error checking and ensures data integrity of the file transferred. Some variations of these protocols also appear, like Xmodem-1k, Ymodem-G, etc.. The "G" flavors of protocols do not include error checking. They allow very high throughput rates, but can be safely used only when the modems use MNP4 or V.42 error protocols.
internal PC plug-in card. External stand alone units can be connected to any computer with a standard RS-232 serial port. This computer need not be a PC. EIA CLASS 2 FAX COMMAND The EIA class 2 fax command is a set of AT fax commands defined by EIA/TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) for controlling faxmodems from a computer through the serial RS-232 interface. Faxmodems and fax software supporting this standard will work together. The problem is that there are several revisions of this standard.
can also playback a recorded digital voice message either locally or to the line as an announcement. Digital voice messages need speech compression to reduce the storage requirement. This speech compression is done in real time by the modem and it does the decompression during playback. A simple voice capability using an ADPCM (Advanced Digital Pulse Coded Modulation) algorithm can reduce the speech data rate to 1/2 or 1/3 of the original rate.
Chapter Three - MODEM INSTALLATION This chapter describes the panel function and installation guide for model U-1496, U-1496E, and U-1496P. The U-1496R comes with its own installation guide. The installation guide for U-1496B is in Chapter 18. A shielded RS-232 cable is required to ensure compliance with FCC Part 15, and it is the responsibility of the user to provide and use a shielded RS-232 cable. Make sure your installation site is clean and well ventilated.
LEASED LINE Leased-line JM8 terminal jack, for connection to a 2/4-wire leased line. DIAL-UP LINE Dial-up line RJ11 terminal jack, for connection to a 2-wire dial-up line. PHONE Telephone line RJ11 terminal jack, for connection to a telephone set. EIA-232D Serial port DB25S connector, for connection to the serial port of a DTE (computer/terminal). Pin assignments are listed in Appendix A for your reference. The signal-pin assignments on RJ11 and JM8 phone jacks are listed in Appendix B.
LED Indicators HS High Speed indicator, lights up when modem is in V.32 or V.32bis mode. Dialing indicator, flashes one second on and one second off when dialing. Retrain indicator, flashes half second on and half second off when modem is in retrain. AA Auto-Answer indicator, lights up when modem is in the Auto Answer mode; flashes when modem rings. CD Carrier Detect indicator, lights up when a valid carrier is present on the line. OH Off-Hook indicator, lights up when modem is in data mode or off-hook.
U-1496E does not have the leased line jack. ((MODE-37)) Refer to U-1496 rear panel description and modem connection for U-1496E's rear panel explanation. U-1496P FRONT PANEL Fig. 3-7 shows the U-1496P front panel. The following explains the connectors and indicator on the front panel. ((Figure 3-7: U-1496P FRONT PANEL - redraw)) POWER Power jack connector for power connection. The U-1496P uses a DC 12V power source.
convenient method. The cellular adaptor available from certain vendors will adapt a specific cellular phone unit to a normal 2-wire phone interface for the modem connection. It provides dial tone and ring signal to the modem. Because of the absence of a cellular interface standard, a special cellular adaptor is needed for each specific cellular phone. ((Here we will include the information of chapter 18; U-11496B installation; so that we have all installation procedures in one chapter.
Chapter Four - QUICK START This chapter tells you how to dial and answer on a modem. If you use this modem with a PC, you probably don't need to worry about modem settings. The factory default may be just right for you. Connect the modem according to instructions in Chapter 3, install the communication software on the PC, make the modem dial as instructed in this chapter, and you're all set. This chapter also familiarizes you with the panel operation of the U-1496.
options selection. Up arrow key also called the MENU key, is used for vertical menu selection and is used to access the previous menu. The up arrow key also serves as a quit command when you want to stop the current action. Down arrow key also called the ENTER key, is used solely to register the chosen selection and is very similar to the CARRIAGE RETURN key or ENTER key on a standard keyboard. MENU TREE Fig. 4-1 shows the menu tree structure. There are two main menu trees.
; Return to COMMAND STATE @ 5 second silent wait ! Hook flash P Pulse dialing R Reverse dialing T Tone dialing W Wait for dial tone - Digit separator backspace DIAL MEMORY The first menu of the Dialing Directory is DIAL MEMORY. Pressing the ENTER key will show the following screen: ((MODE-10 (mod.))) Equivalent AT commands: AT&Z? ATDSn View all stored phone numbers. n=0-9, dial stored number.
press ENTER again to save the entry in the EEPROM. The stored numbers will remain in memory until you revise or delete them. Pressing the up arrow key in the process will abort and exit the current number entry and nothing will be changed or saved. DIAL NUMBER The same procedure is used when entering numbers, as in the STORE NUMBER operation. After number entry is completed, press the ENTER key to dial the number. ((MODE-12)) Equivalent AT command: ATD1234567 Dial phone number.
answer mode on-line. Whenever your modem establishes a connection with another modem, one of the modems must be in answer mode and the other modem must be in originate mode or a connection is not possible. Equivalent AT commands: +++ Escape sequence code; causes a modem to return to command mode. Enter escape sequence in data state and wait for the modem to respond. ATH On-hook; disconnect the modem. ATD Originate on-line. ATA Answer on-line.
((MODE-14)) then the modem will go back to the IDLE STATUS screen. If the line is busy, after 3-5 seconds, the LCD displays: ((MODE-15)) then goes back to IDLE STATUS screen. If the phone company is ringing the remote modem, a RINGING message is sent to the terminal. Setting S42.6 = 1 will disable this "RINGING" result code. If any key interrupt occurs (from the terminal or panel) and breaks in before the connection is made, the screen displays: ((MODE-16)) then goes back to IDLE STATUS screen.
Retrain Granted 0 Retrain requested 0 Round trip Echo Delay Carrier Loss counts 0 128 T (1/2400 sec) The ON-LINE STATUS screen 4 shows: FRN (Fast Rate reNegotiation) Granted 0 FRN Requested 0 Blocks Retransmitted 0 FCS (Frame CheckSum) Errors 0 Pressing the left or right arrow key in any one of the ON-LINE STATUS screens will cause the LCD to scroll through the three screens. We will discuss the ON-LINE STATUS screen 2, 3, and 4 in more detail in Chapter 17 Diagnostics.
parameters using the U-1496 CONFIGURATION menu tree. U-1496E, U-1496P, and U-1496B users can also consult this menu tree for available parameter options, but use the equivalent AT command to set the parameter. Here we define the various levels of the CONFIGURATION menu tree as: CONFIGURATION menu submenus parameter menus parameter selection where CONFIGURATION menu is the root of this menu tree.
To save the current parameter settings to non-volatile EEPROM, access the SAVE TO submenu in the CONFIGURATION menu and select from the various profiles you wish to save the changes to, and the parameter settings will be permanent in that profile. You can always recall in these settings by resetting from that profile. Access RESET and choose `=FACTORY DEFAULT' and the active parameter settings will revert to original factory defaults.
connection. CHARACTER LENGTH + 10 AT*C0 10-bit characters. 11 AT*C1 11-bit characters. 9 AT*C2 9-bit characters. 8 AT*C3 8-bit characters. The character length includes start bit, data bits, parity, and stop bit(s). COMMAND SET + AT AT*I0 Modem accepts asynchronous AT commands. V.25bis AT*I1 Modem accepts asynchronous or bit-oriented synchronous V.25bis commands. DUMP AT*I2 No command accepted. Modem ignores DTE data in idle state. Note: Only asynchronous V.25bis available on U-1496B.
+ TRACKS CARRIER AT&C1 DCD ON when carrier is detected. (see also S38b3). If S42.7=1, DCD only pulses off for 0.5 sec when carrier loss happens. ALWAYS ON AT&C0 Modem forces DCD always ON. RTS OPTIONS + IGNORED AT&R1 Modem assumes RTS always ON, ignores the changes. CTS TRACKS RTS AT&R0 Delay before CTS responds to RTS's change. The delay is set in S26. Note: Effective only on synchronous mode. This setting is ignored in asynchronous mode. RTS is always used as hardware flow control in this case.
1200 600 300 MODEM OPTIONS LINK OPTIONS + MULTIAUTO AT&N0 Auto handshaking with ZyX19200 19200 Zyx16800 16800 V.32bis 14400/12000/7200 V.32 9600T/9600/4800 V.22bis 2400/1200 V.22 1200 BELL 212A 1200 G3 Fax 14400/12000/9600/ 7200/4800/2400 (V.17, V.29, V.27ter) Cellular Modes 14400 to 2400 V.33 14400 AT&N1 V.33 14400/12000 V.33 12000 AT&N2 V.33 12000 V.32 9600T AT&N3 V.32 9600T/9600/7200T/4800 V.32 9600 AT&N4 V.32 9600(non-trellis coded)/7200T/4800 V.32 4800 AT&N5 V.32 4800 V.29 9600 AT&N6 V.29 9600 V.
CELL 9600 AT&N44 CELL 9600 CELL 7200 AT&N45 CELL 7200 CELL 4800T AT&N46 CELL 4800T CELL 4800C AT&N47 CELL 4800C CELL 3600C AT&N48 CELL 3600C CELL 2400C AT&N49 CELL 2400C Note: @: All ZyX modes except ZyX 16800 are available only on Plus models. QUALITY ACTION AUTO RETRAIN AT*Q1 When poor signal quality is detected, automatically retrain. S41.2=1 extends retrain time out to 5 minutes. + ADAPTIVE RATE AT*Q2 When poor signal quality is detected, automatically fall-back to next lower speed.
+ DENY AT&T5 Ignores remote digital loopback test request from remote modem. LLINE ???Spelling okay??? TX POWER 0 to -15 dBm AT*P0-15 Select transmit power from 0 dBm to -15 dBm. Default is -9 dBm. Effective in leased line operation only. Select in the range of -12 to -27 dBm when S35 bit 3 is set. PHONE JACK + SINGLE RJ11 AT&J0 RJ11 permissive telephone jack for dial-up line. MULTIPLE RJ12/13 AT&J1 Modem supports A/A1 multi-extension telephone. MAKE/BREAK RATIO + 39% / 61% AT&P0 countries.
will handshake in originate mode. ANSWER AT*M1 When operating over a leased line, modem will handshake in answer mode. Note: If you need two modems to automatically connect on a leased line when power is turned ON, one modem must be set to originate mode, and the other set to answer mode. These settings should be saved in a power-on default profile. LINE TYPE + DIAL-UP AT&L0 Modem is connected to dial-up telephone line.
BREAK HANDLING DESTRUCTIVE AT&Y0 Destructive, expedited. Send break, throw away data in buffer. EXPEDITED AT&Y1 Non-destructive, expedited. Send break first, ahead of data in buffer. IN SEQUENCE AT&Y2 Non-destructive, non-expedited. Send break in sequence with data. Note: Only an expedited break is implemented in transmission, but all types of break are accepted in receiving. AUDIO OPTIONS SPEAKER CONTROL ALWAYS OFF ATM0 Speaker always OFF. Ring is independently controlled by RING VOLUME.
can modify these profiles and save them for your specific applications. You can view each set of profile settings by typing AT&Vn (n=0-5) from the terminal. Following are the commands and their responses. The value shown for each register is a decimal number. AT&V0 Current Settings.................
OK Profile 0 satisfies most asynchronous applications. ZyXEL preset this profile to be the same as the factory default. A summary of this profile is: DTE speed 38400 bps Link Option MULTI-AUTO Data Format ASYNC Command Set AT DTR 108.2 Data Terminal Ready RTS Ignored DCD Tracks Carrier DSR Always On Error Control V.42bis + MN5 Flow Control CTS/RTS Quality Action Adaptive Rate Line Type Dial-up AT&V2 Profile 1 Settings.................
RTS Ignored DCD Tracks Carrier DSR Always On Error Control V.42bis + MNP5 Flow Control CTS/ RTS Quality Action Adaptive Rate Line Type 2W Leased Line Terminal Keyboard Aborting Disabled Auto Handshake Originate AT&V3 Profile 2 Settings.................
&B1 *B0 &C1 &S0 *C0 S00=000 S05=008 S10=007 S15=130 S20=002 S25=000 S30=000 S35=032 S40=000 S45=100 S50=000 S55=000 &D0 &X0 *D0 &G0 &Y1 *E0 S01=000 S06=003 S11=070 S16=000 S21=018 S26=000 S31=017 S36=000 S41=000 S46=028 S51=000 S56=000 &H0 &J0 &K0 &L2 &M3 &N0 &P0 &R0 *F0 *G0 *I0 *L0 *M0 *P9 *Q2 *S0 S02=043 S07=050 S12=000 S17=018 S22=000 S27=128 S32=019 S37=000 S42=000 S47=064 S52=000 S57=000 S03=013 S08=002 S13=000 S18=000 S23=105 S28=068 S33=255 S38=000 S43=000 S48=000 S53=000 S58=0
S50=000 S55=000 S51=000 S56=000 S52=000 S57=000 S53=000 S58=000 S54=000 S59=000 OK Factory default setting is stored in ROM, ZyXEL presets User Profile 0 the same as the factory default. RESET FROM PROFILE You can reset the modem and load a user profile as the active settings, or you can designate a user profile as the power-on default profile. This can be done from the panel control of U-1496, or by issuing commands from your terminal.
Setting S35.6 in profile 0 will also protect the supervisory password. If this bit is set, the supervisory password cannot be reset to the default "ZyXEL" by modem hardware reset (see Chapter 12). Remember your password before setting this bit. RESET PROFILES After you have changed the user profile settings, if you wish, you can reset all four user profiles to factory preset values. This is done by holding the ENTER key down while you power-on the modem.
to set only bit 'b' of S-Register 'r' to value 'n' without affecting other bits in this S-Register. When using ATSr = n, you need to do a conversion to or from the binary number to find out the bits. For example, if you want to set S38 bit 3 to 1 for a specific application: Do an ATS38 = ? to find the original value.
S5 Default=8; Holds the ASCII decimal value of Backspace character. A value of 128255 disables the Backspace key's delete function. S6 Default=3; Sets the number of seconds the modem will wait before dialing if X0 or X1 is selected. If X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, or X7 is selected, modem will dial as soon as it detects a dial tone. This S-Register also sets the time-out interval for `W' dial modifier to wait for the dial tone. Range is 1 to 255 seconds. (See also S41b4.
(1,0) =1; =0; =1; =2; 2 stop bits. Even parity. Odd parity. No parity. S16 Test status register, default = 0 =0; No test in progress. (Default) =1; Analog loopback test in progress. =2; Reserved. =3; Local digital loopback test in progress. =6; Remote digital loopback test in progress. =7; Remote digital loopback with self-test in progress. =8; Analog loopback with self-test in progress. S17 Bit-mapped register, default = 18 *In (7,6) =0; AT command set. =1; V.25bis command set.
=32; =34; =35; =36; =37; =38; =39; =42; =43; =44; =45; =46; =47; =48; =49; V.17FAX V.29FAX V.27terFAX ZyX 19200 ZyX 16800 ZyX 14400 ZyX 12000 ZyX 9600 ZyX 7200 CELL 14400 CELL 12000 CELL 9600 CELL 7200 CELL 4800 CELL 4800 CELL 3600 CELL 3600 14400/12000/9600/7200, 9600/7200, 4800/2400. 19200 16800 14400 12000 9600 7200 14400 12000 9600 7200T 4800T 4800C 3600C 2400C Note: Not all models support all modes. Check the compatibility table for available modes.
Mn (2,1) *En (0) handshake fails. =0; =1; =2; =3; =0; Speaker always OFF. Speaker ON until carrier is detected. Speaker always ON. Speaker ON after last digit is dialed out until carrier detected. Maintain non-error control connection when error control =1; Drop connection when error control handshake fails. S22 Reserved. S23 Bit-mapped register, default = 105 Qn (7) =0; Modem returns result code. =1; Modem does not return result code.
=2; =3; =4; MNP4 + MNP5. (See also S41b0, S38b5) V.42 +MNP4. V.42 + V.42bis (compatible with &K2, see also S38b5). S28 Bit-mapped register, default = 068, Bn (7) =0; Select V.22 for 1200 bps communication. =1; Select Bell 212A for 1200 bps communication. &Bn (6) =0; DTE/DCE rate follows link rate. (See also S18, S44b6) =1; DTE/DCE rate fixed at DTE setting, range from 300 to 76.8 Kbps. (See also S44b6) &Gn (5,4) =0; No guard tone. =1; Reserved. =2; 1800 Hz guard tone.
control connection is made, used with ATV0 (S23b6), see result code table. (6) =1; Enable password protection to profile saving. When AT&W0 is issued and profile 0 in the EEPROM has this bit set, supervisory password will be requested. (5) =1; Enable Selective Reject in V.42 (4) =1; Effective only on the U-1496E and U-1496R. When Data/Voice switch is pressed, modem will dial the default number. (See *Dn, S29). (3) =1; Add 12dBm attenuation to the leased line transmission power. (See *Pn, S17b1, S49b0).
S39 Bit-mapped register, default = 000 (7) =0; Does not include resync information in recorded voice data. =1; Includes resync information in recorded ADPCM file. Note: When the resync function is enabled, the modem sends a resync symbol (hex 10 and 12) every 50 ms. ADPCM data can be edited without losing sync if enabled. (6) =0; DTMF detection is enabled only in voice PLAY or RECORD =1; DTMF detection is enabled when command "AT+VLS=2" is mode. received.
(6) (5) (4) &N0 and &N32). (3) =1; (2) S40b1). (1) =1; (0) =0; =1; =1; =1; Disable "RINGING" result code. (See ATXn). button. V.17 fax in calling mode, no effect on answering mode (See Disable escape sequence code in answer mode. =1; CND message will be forced on even if ATQ2 is set. (See Enable throughput averaging. secondary channel, 75-2400 bps =1; Select 2400 bps secondary channel. Note: Secondary channel is available only on network management capable models, i.e., U1496RN and U-1496SN.
S51 - S59 Reserved Chapter Eight - AT COMMAND SET SUMMARY An AT command is a command issued by the computer/terminal to the modem through the RS232 serial port in asynchronous data format when the modem is in command state. An `AT' command prefix (ATtention) precedes each command line, except in the case of `A/', `A>>', and `+++'. The `A/' re-executes the last command once.
I0 I1 I2 Display product code <197> "1496" for U-1496 series modems. Same as ATI. Display ROM checksum and product information. Display link diagnostic status report. L0-7 Speaker volume control. The higher the value, the higher the volume (Default is L4). M0 Speaker always OFF. M1 Speaker ON until carrier detected (Default). M2 Speaker always ON. M3 Speaker ON after last digit is dialed out and OFF when carrier is detected. Tone dialing is not heard. + N0-7 Ring volume control.
+ 12 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17 + 18 + 19 20 21 - CONNECT 9600 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 19200 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 7200 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 12000 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 14400 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 16800 0 0 0 0 + + CONNECT 38400 0 0 0 0 + - CONNECT 57600 0 0 0 0 + - CONNECT 76800 0 0 0 0 + - Notes: +: If error control result codes enabled (X5, X6, or X7), the result message will be formatted as: CONNECT DTE speed/Link speed/*Error control level - X5 CONNECT Link
34 35 36 37 38 39 CONNECT 7200 CONNECT 9600 CONNECT 12000 CONNECT 14400 CONNECT 16800 CONNECT 19200 Z0 Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Reset modem and load user profile 0. Reset modem and load user profile 1. Reset modem and load user profile 2. Reset modem and load user profile 3. Reset modem and load factory settings, also set factory default as power-on profile. Note: Factory default (Z4) is the default power-on profile when the modem is shipped out of the factory. ATZn also sets profile n to be the power-on profile.
+ + + &J0 &J1 Single phone line RJ11 phone jack (Default). Multiple phone/modem lines RJ12/RJ13 phone jack. &K0 &K1 &K2 &K3 &K4 No error control. MNP4 (includes MNP3). MNP4 + MNP5. (See also S38b5, S41b0.) V.42 +MNP4. V.42 + V.42bis, compatible with &K2 (Default). (See also S38b5.) &L0 &L1 &L2 Normal 2-wire dial-up line (Default). 2-wire leased line. 4-wire leased line. +&M0 Asynchronous mode, buffered data (Default). &M1 Asynchronous command, synchronous data.
&N43 CELL &N44CELL &N45 CELL &N46 CELL &N47 CELL &N48 CELL &N49 CELL 12000 9600 7200 4800T 4800C 3866C 2400C Note: All speeds over 9600 bps are trellis coded except V.29; V.32bis 7200 is also trellis coded. Not all modes available in all models. Check the compatibility table. All ZyXEL modes except ZyXEL 16800 are available only with Plus models. + &P0 &P1 Pulse dial make/break ratio= 39%/61% (Default). Pulse dial make/break ratio= 33%/67%. &R0 CTS tracks RTS, response delay is set in S26.
break is sent immediately.) + &Y1 Non-destructive break, expedited (Default). &Y2 Non-destructive break, un-expedited. &Zn=s Store the dial string (s) to EEPROM at location n (n=0-9). &Z? Display all the phone numbers stored in EEPROM. EXTENDED AT* COMMAND SET + *B0 *Bn Disable dial-backup (Default). Enable dial-backup and set dial-backup pointer at location n-1. (See also *C0 *C1 *C2 *C3 10-bit character length (Default). 11-bit character length. 9-bit character length. 8-bit character length. S44b2.
Note: These commands *Hn and *HS need supervisory password checking. Any character can be entered in the password (0-255). Maximum password length is eight. + *I0 *I1 *I2 AT command set (Default). V.25bis command set. Dumb mode. Note: Enter RST command in V.25bis mode will revert modem to asynchronous AT command mode. + *L0 *L1 Panel key normal (Default). Panel key locked. + *M0 *M1 Leased line auto-handshake on originate mode (Default). Leased line auto-handshake on answer mode.
Chapter Nine - ERROR CONTROL AND DATA COMPRESSION ERROR CONTROL Error Control keeps the modem data link error free by detecting and retransmitting the data in error. ZyXEL modems support both MNP and V.42 error control protocols. The MNP protocol was an industry de facto standard developed and licensed by Microcom, Inc. ZyXEL modems support level 4 and 3 error control protocols, commonly denoted as MNP4 and MNP3. V.
DATA COMPRESSION Data compression works by representing the original data information in less bits and transmitting the reduced data bits through the data link. The receiver recovers the original information by reversing the `representing' process. The process of representing original data in less bits is called redundancy removing. Its effectiveness is both algorithm and data dependent. A random data file is not compressible.
CONTROL LEVEL ERROR CONTROL DATA COMPRESSION None AT&K0 Disabled Disabled MNP4(MNP3) AT&K1 MNP4 Disabled MNP4+MNP5 AT&K2 MNP4 MNP5 V.42(MNP4) AT&K3 V.42 or MNP4 Disabled. V.42(b)+MNP4(5) AT&K4 V.42 or MNP4 V.42bis or MNP5 &4K is the default. For some applications, like BBSs, where transmission of already compressed files is usual, the MNP5 data compression process actually produces more redundant data and slows down transmission.
strings. Since new computers are much faster and there is an increasing use of serial port chips with internal buffers like the 16550A UART, the computer's speed is less of a problem now. The default setting for throughput averaging is disabled. This will reduce data delay and increase throughput in Unix applications. You can enable throughput averaging by setting S42 bit 1 to 1.
terminal. Be sure that the remote modem and system are also set to synchronous. Synchronous operation applies to all the non-FSK modes that the modem is supplied with. The U-1496, U-1496E, U-1496P, and U-1496R stand alone, portable, and rack mountable models support synchronous mode operation, but the U-1496B has a built-in PC asynchronous serial port and can only be used in asynchronous mode. Before you start to send and receive data synchronously, some initial settings should be made.
SYNC DATA AT&M1 Modem accepts asynchronous command in command state, but exchanges data synchronously in data state. SYNC AT&M3 Modem accepts synchronous command (V.25bis) and exchanges data synchronously with a remote modem. You can always use panel operation to control and configure the modem and use manual dial and answer to operate the modem. DIAL FROM SYNCHRONOUS MODE 1) Dial from terminal using asynchronous command Set &M1 and use asynchronous AT command to dial the number.
MANUAL ANSWER FROM SYNCHRONOUS MODE Type `ATA' from the terminal (if set &M1) or press `A' on the IDLE SCREEN menu from the front panel. On the U-1496E, press the VOICE/DATA switch with the ANS/ORG switch set to ANS. CHANGE FROM SYNCHRONOUS MODE TO ASYNCHRONOUS MODE Set the modem to asynchronous mode from the panel, or just reset from an asynchronous profile. On the U-1496E, pressing the DATA/VOICE button while turning on the power will reset all profiles to their factory presets.
2W LEASED AT&L1 Modem connected to 2-wire leased line, the line plug should be plugged into the jack assigned 'LEASED LINE' on the rear panel. 4W LEASED AT&L2 Modem connected to 4-wire leased line. Plug the line into the 'LEASED LINE' jack. For U-1496E, U-1496P, and U-1496B, only 2-wire leased lines can be used and the same phone jack is used for both dial-up and leased line connections. Dial backup feature is not available in this case.
The U-1496, U-1496R, U-1496P, and U-1496E support both asynchronous and synchronous leased line operation. Choose a suitable modem link mode. If the signal to noise ratio of your leased line is guaranteed above 25 dB, V.32bis 14400 is a better choice. V.32bis 14400 is also compatible with V.32bis 12000/7200 and V.32 9600T/9600/4800. You can use ZyX 16800 or ZyX 19200 mode if the S/N ratio is better than 27 or 28dB.
DISCONNECT LEASED LINE Disconnecting (manually) the leased line will force the U-1496 to switch to the IDLE STATUS screen. Either manually on-line or, if you have set the leased line as the power-on default, turning the power OFF and ON will make the modem go to the leased line again. On the U-1496E, pressing the VOICE/DATA switch will toggle the modem on/off the connected leased line.
The command AT*Hn will modify the nth user password. You will be prompted to enter supervisory password first and then be prompted to enter the nth user password. The command AT*V will list the 10 user passwords and the supervisory password on the screen for viewing. Again, you will be prompted to enter supervisory password first. The following commands will enable different type and level of security functions: *G0 Disable security function *G1 Enable type 1 and level 1 security, with password check.
b=0-3 which is the remote user profile number. Remote profile read and write commands - *Rab and *Wab - only work on on-line condition. It does not matter what speed and what mode the connection is. The remote modem must be set to accept remote configuration by AT*F1. AT*F0 command will have the modem deny remote configuration request.
RING 04-28 12:30 7135551414 RING For a multiple message format, if the caller's number and name are available, the ring message will be RING TIME: MM-DD hh:mm CALLER NUMBER: CALLER NAME: RING Following is an example: RING TIME: 04-28 12:30 CALLER NUMBER: 7135551414 CALLER NAME: Michael Smith RING If the caller number and name are not available, the ring message will be RING TIME: 04-28 12:30 REASON FOR NO NUMBER: OUT_OF_AREA REASON FOR NO NAME: PRIVACY RING The AT*T command will ha
different composition of the `ON' part of the ring. The U-1496 series modems can distinguish up to four types of ring signals and can be commanded to answer or not answer to any one of these four types of ring signals. Following is a list of these four types of ring signals. These are the ring types used in the USA. The difference between the ring types is on the 2-second ON part of the ring signal. It comprises a long, double short, or triple short ring. Type 1: 1.2S or 2S on; 4S off. Type 2: 0.8S on, 0.
asynchronous V.25bis mode. Chapter Thirteen - CELLULAR MODE OPERATION ZyXEL U-1496 series modems are equipped with a special communication mode - cellular mode - which enables the modem to perform reliable high speed data transmissions over a cellular phone link. Although all ZyXEL U-1496 series modems provide the cellular mode, the U-1496P portable modem is specially designed for portable use. It is portable in size and capable of using the DC12V car battery power.
A real cellular modem must be able to conquer the cellular impairments and maintain a reliable data link with reasonable data throughput through a cellular channel. Most modems claiming cellular compatibility today lack most of this capability. Link layer protocol like MNP10 responds slowly to a fast changing cellular line condition. Most importantly, it does not do anything to enhance modem data pump performance or physical communication robustness. It does little to help conquer cellular impairments.
CELL 4800T uses a trellis coded modulation at 4800 bps speed. It has a better performance than the uncoded V.32 4800 bps mode. CELL 4800C uses forward error correction to get a low error rate at 4800 bps net link speed. CELL 3600C and CELL 2400C also use forward error correction to get a net speed of 3600 bps and 2400 bps. They are more robust than the CELL 4800C mode. Forward error correction mode is used when there is a high number of errors.
Assume using a cellular phone data interface adapter, the following figures illustrate three installation examples. Fig 13-1 is an example of a mobile phone that has a handset cradle and separate transceiver and handset. Fig. 13-2 is an example of a mobile phone that has a separate transceiver and handset. Fig. 13-3 is an example of a one-piece hand-held mobile phone. Chapter Fourteen - FAX OPERATION The U-1496 series universal modem supports the Group 3 send and receive facsimile function.
+= Execute a command or set a parameter +? Read possible settings +=? Read current setting Supported Commands (per EIA PN2388 8/20/90) +FAA=n Auto answer mode parameter DCE to answer as set by +FCLASS DCE can answer and auto.
+FET=n End the page or document command More pages; same document End of document; another document follows No more pages or documents Procedure interrupt: another page follows Procedure interrupt: end of document, another document follows Procedure interrupt: end of document +FLID="string" Local ID string parameter +FLPL=n Document for polling command n=0 Indicate that the DTE has no document for polling n=1 Indicate document available for polling +FMDL? Request DCE model +FMFR? Request DCE manufacturer +
+FPTS:n Receive page transfer status response; refer to +FPTS=n command. +FTSI:"String" Report remote ID response TSI. +FVOICE Transition to Voice response. The Class 2 Flow Control Flow control is necessary to match the DTE-DCE date rate to the line signaling rate while transmitting or receiving Group 3 (T.4) data. In Class 2 FAX mode, both hardware flow control (RTS/CTS) and software flow control (XON/XOFF) are enabled. Extended FAX AT Commands These commands are unique to the U-1496 series modems.
#R0 Set recording width: 1728 picture elements along a scan line length of 215mm. #R1 Set recording width: 2048 picture elements along a scan line length of 255mm. #R2 Set recording width: 2432 picture elements along a scan line length of 303mm. #L0 Set maximum recording length: A4 (297mm ). #L1 Set maximum recording length: B4 ( 364mm ). #L2 Set maximum recording length, unlimited. #C0 Set minimum scan line time capability at the receiver: 20 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85).
Tn Coding scheme; n=0 or 1. Rn Recording width; n=0, 1, or 2. Ln Recording length; n=0, 1, or 2. Cn Scan line time; n=0 to 7. P Remote fax number. After each fax disconnection, the following result code is sent back to the DTE (computer): DISCONNECTnP This result code informs DTE of the disconnecting status. DISCONNECT0 Disconnect with remote confirmation. DISCONNECT1 Disconnect without remote confirmation. P Remote fax number.
1. Plug the phone cable from the wall jack into the modem's Line Jack. 2. Plug the phone cable from the fax machine into the modem's Phone Jack. 3. Power on the DTE terminal and set S38 bit 4 of the modem to 1 by sending the command "ATS38.4=1" to the modem. This will disable the modem from receiving a fax. 4. Set the modem autoanswer ring number to be the same as your fax machine.
computer stores and forwards. It also means the modem can playback the recorded digitized voice either off-line for local message listening or on-line for a message announcement. For interactive voice applications, DTMF tone detection capability is important so a computer can react according to the remote caller's touch tone input. VOICE DATA COMPRESSION The main issue in digitized voice is the amount of storage required.
announcement and will not get connected. Even if the data call is connected successfully, the longer handshake delay may not be acceptable in some applications. The modem can decide a fax or data call quicker if a calling tone is received. The voice announcement can be omitted in this case. ZyXEL will continue to work on improvements of automatic detection of voice, fax, and data. New capabilities or enhancements will be released in future versions of its firmware.
FLOW CONTROL Software XON/XOFF flow control is used. SUPPORTED COMMANDS FOR VOICE MODE OPERATION AT+FCLASS= This command selects a DCE mode as follows: = 0 (Default), Data mode. = 2, Fax mode. = 8, Voice mode. Result codes: OK: ERROR: The DCE issues this result code if DCE accepts this command. The DCE issues this result code if is not permitted. AT+FCLASS? DCE will return current mode setting, followed by the OK result code. AT+FCLASS=? DCE will return permitted modes.
ATH (with AT+FCLASS=8) This command causes the DCE to hang up the phone with the following considerations for a hang up while in voice mode: - Force the command AT+FCLASS=0, but do not destroy any of the voice parameters. - Force voice I/O device to Telco line. AT+VNH= This command causes the DCE to disable or enable automatic hang-ups to a varying degree in the DATA and FAX modes. = 0 (Default), the DCE shall not disable automatic hang-ups.
OK: ERROR: The DCE issues this result code if DCE accepts this command. The DCE issues this result code if parameter is out of range. AT+VBT? DCE will return current beep duration setting, followed by the OK result code. AT+VBT=? DCE will return permitted values of beep duration. The response is: 1-255 OK with between each line.
AT+VLS? DCE will return current I/O device followed by the OK result code. AT+VLS=? DCE will return permitted I/O devices. The response is: 0,2,8,16 OK with between each line. AT+VRA= This command sets the amount of time the DCE shall wait between ringbacks before the DCE can assume that the remote station has gone off hook. The default value is 70 (7 seconds). The range of the is from 0 to 255. The units are 0.1 second.
OK: ERROR: The DCE issues this result code if DCE accepts this command. The DCE issues this result code if is out of range. AT+VRN? DCE will return current Ringback Never Appeared Timer, followed by the OK result code. AT+VRN=? DCE will return permitted interval of Ringback Never Appeared Timer. The response is: 0-255 OK with between each line. AT+VRX This command causes the DCE to start the voice reception process.
OK with between each line. AT+VSD=? This command causes the DCE to report the permitted range of and . The response is: (0-31),(0-255) OK with between each line. AT+VSM= This command causes the DCE to select a compression method as follows: = 1, 9.6 Kbps CELP (Code Excited Linear Prediction) = 2 (Default), 19.2 Kbps 2-bit ADPCM = 3, 28.8 Kbps 3-bit ADPCM Note: Only PLUS models support CELP mode.
This command causes the DCE to produce DTMF and other tones. The tone generation string shall consist of elements in a list with each element separated by commas. Each element can be: 1) A single ASCII character in the set, 0-9, A-D, #, and *. The DCE shall interpret the ASCII character as a DTMF digit with a duration given by the AT+VBT command. 2) Three numbers separated by commas and enclosed in square brackets.
1: DTMF '1' received 2: DTMF '2' received 3: DTMF '3' received 4: DTMF '4' received 5: DTMF '5' received 6: DTMF '6' received 7: DTMF '7' received 8: DTMF '8' received 9: DTMF '9' received #: DTMF '#' received *: DTMF '*' received c: T.30 fax calling tone received b: Busy tone received q: Quiet detected.
DTE ------------AT+FCLASS=8 AT+VSM=? AT+VSM=1 AT+VLS=8 AT+VRX AT AT+VLS=0 --------> <--- DCE ----------- comments --------------------Switch to voice mode OK ---> <--- 1;CELP;1;0;(9600) 2;ADPCM;2;0;(9600) 3;ADPCM;3;0;(9600) OK ---> <--- OK Select CELP compression method ---> Activate external microphone or telephone set on LINE Jack <--- VCON ---> <--<--- CONNECT ---> <--<--<--- VCON Start to record Stop recording ---> Return to command state Deactivate e
AT+VTX AT+VLS=0 AT+FCLASS=0 ---> <-----> ---> <--- Start to play CONNECT VCON ---> <--- OK ---> <--- OK Return to command state Deactivate internal speaker Return to data mode 3. Voice file playing via line.
1;CELP;1;0;(9600) 2;ADPCM;2;0;(9600) 3;ADPCM;3;0;(9600) <---OK AT+VSM=1 AT+VLS=2 AT+VTX AT+VRX AT AT+VLS=0 AT+FCLASS=0 ---> <--- OK ---> <--- VCON ---> <-----> ---> <-----> <--<--<--- Select CELP compression method Connect to line Start to play greeting message CONNECT VCON return to command state Start to record CONNECT b or q DCE detects busy tone or long period of quiet ---> <--<--<--- VCON ---> <--- OK ---> <--- OK Stop record
AT+VTX ---> <-----> <--- Start to play greeting message CONNECT c or 5 T.30 fax calling tone detected or DTMF digit '5' detected ---> ---> <--- VCON Return to command state AT+FCLASS=2 ---> <--- Try to handshake Fax mode OK ATA ---> Switch to fax mode and answer fax call ... 6. Answering machine (Data call).
<--- OK ATA ---> mode and answer data call... Try to handshake data mode. Switch to data CONNECT A PHONE HANDSET TO THE MODEM'S RJ11C LINE JACK If you have a telephone with a handset that has a cable with an RJ11C connector plugged into the phone set base unit, you can unplug the handset and plug it into the modem LINE Jack and then use the handset as both a microphone and a speaker. The two central wires in the LINE Jack are the signal wires to be connected to the phone company.
controls all the modem cards in the rack and interfaces to central NMS control station. A simple twisted pair wiring can be used to link all the central site racks to a control station which is usually a PC station running the ZyView NMS software under Microsoft Windows. HIERARCHICAL MODEM NETWORK ZyXEL MNMS can control a hierarchical (tree type) modem network. There is a secondary channel that will pass NMS information to and from the remote modem.
Chapter Seventeen - DIAGNOSTICS The U-1496 series modems provide several diagnostic capabilities: Power-Up Self-Test Analog Loopback Test Analog Loopback with Self-Test Local Digital Loopback Test Remote Digital Loopback Test Remote Digital Loopback with Self-Test Line Condition Status Display Eye Pattern Display Re-transmission Indicator Throughput Display Link Status Report Modem Reset All these capabilities can apply to asynchronous or synchronous, error controlled or non-error controlled, data compressi
The U-1496E has only LED indicators. The TST LED will be ON during power-on self-test, and OFF after the test if the test is OK. The SQ LED will flash if the test fails. The number of flashes indicates the error number corresponding to the above error message. Analog Loopback Test, Local Digital Loopback Test, Remote Digital Loopback Test, Analog Loopback Test with Self-Test, and Remote Digital Loopback Test with Self-Test can all be selected from the terminal or LCD front panel under the `DIAGNOSTIC' menu.
This test will request the remote modem to do a digital loopback. During testing, the local modem will send a remote digital loopback request to the remote modem according to V.54. If the remote modem supports V.54 and is programmed to grant this kind of request, it will resend all received data back, and the local terminal or computer will receive all data it sends out. This test is applicable when the remote modem and local modem both provide V.54 Remote Digital Loopback capability.
This reading is expressed in 0.1 dBm resolution. The modem measured receiving signal power is generally within 1-2 dBm of the actual value and with relative accuracy. The receiver sensitivity specification for the U-1496 is -43 dBm. Strong signal power could cause signal saturation in the channel and degrade the data validity. To avoid this situation, decrease the transmitting power of the remote modem.
The count of blocks retransmitted (Bad receiving on the remote modem). FCS (Frame Check Sum) Errors (FE) The count of FCS errors received (block errors) (Bad receiving on local modem). LINK STATUS REPORT (ATI2) During a connection, the modem will record information about link operations.
Data bytes sent to remote modem. Octets Received Data bytes received from remote modem. Blocks Sent Blocks sent to remote modem. Blocks Received Blocks received from remote modem. Blocks Resent Number of blocks resent because of error. If there are too many resents, it may be a bad line or protocol incompatibility. Max Outstanding Error control protocol parameter. The maximum allowable number of blocks sent or received without acknowledgement. Max Block Size Error control protocol parameter.
Round trip delay between modems in T (1/2400 sec) units. Normally should be in the range of 100-200. A satellite link will introduce a delay of about 1300 T. Xmitter Underrun Number of times modem fails to provide data octet in time for transmission. Receiver Overrun Number of times modem fails to take data octet in time from receiver. Last speed/protocol The speed and protocol of the link before hang-up. It may be different from the initial speed because of retrain and speed fall-back or fall-forward.
HANDSHAKING AND RETRAIN INDICATOR On the U-1496E, the HS LED will flash 1/2 second on and 1/2 second off to indicate that modem is in handshaking or retrain. EYE PATTERN GENERATOR The Eye Pattern Generator (EPG) is a diagnostic tool used with an oscilloscope to evaluate the telephone line or modem receiver performance. The EPG converts the signal received over the telephone line to voltage signals that the oscilloscope displays as an 'eye' pattern or 'constellation' pattern.
Most of the U-1496 series modems' functions and features are controlled by the system firmware contained in two EPROMs. These two EPROMs are labeled in the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) as U24 and U25. You can update/upgrade your modem with new functions and features just by changing the EPROMs. ZyXEL has a policy of free distribution of new firmware (but not EPROMs) when it becomes available. New firmware is distributed in two binary files.
be. ZyXEL only guarantees features listed in the original product description. New releases of the firmware are released as EPROM files through bulletin board systems and networks.
