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pCOWeb User manual LEGGI E CONSERVA QUESTE ISTRUZIONI READ AND SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
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IMPORTANT WARNINGS CAREL bases the development of its products on decades of experience in HVAC, on the continuous investments in technological innovations to products, procedures and strict quality processes with in-circuit and functional testing on 100% of its products, and on the most innovative production technology available on the market.
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CONTENTS PREAMBLE......................................................................................................................................................................................................................7 1 PRESENTATION OF THE PRODUCT..............................................................................................................................................................7 1.1 1.2 2 FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE .........................................................
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9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................................................................................................... 51 APPENDIX A MAC ADDRESS - STATIC OR AUTOMATIC IP ADDRESS (DHCP). ................................................................................ 52 APPENDIX B IP ADDRESSES, PROXY SERVER, SUBNET MASK, DNS, GATEWAY...............................................................................
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PREAMBLE This manual has been designed with care to allow the detailed use of the product. Please do not hesitate to contact CAREL SpA with any information on imprecisions, oversights or suggestions for easier understanding; your suggestions will help improve the quality of the following editions of this document. Contact: pcoweb@carel.com.
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• • • • • • • SNMPv1 & v2: to access pCOWeb from a computer using supervision software based on the SNMP protocol.
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2 INSTALLATION ON THE pCO CONTROLLER 2.1 ASSEMBLY Equipment required: • a 3 mm flat-head screwdriver; • a map of the installation (only when installing two or more pCOWeb devices); • a pair of scissors. Figure 2.a – pCOWeb and the accessories supplied Figure 2.b – Removing the cover from the pCO controller IMPORTANT: to avoid damage, before inserting pCOWeb disconnect power to the pCO controller. Figure 2.d – Securing pCOWeb with the cover Figure 2.c – Inserting pCOWeb in the pCO controller 2.
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3 STARTING FOR THE FIRST TIME – ACCESSING pCOWeb FROM A COMPUTER This chapter guides the user, even non-experts, in establishing a connection between the pCOWeb and a personal computer. The first part of the chapter describes the pCOWeb – cable – personal computer (PC) connection, without involving an Ethernet network. Nonetheless, a pCOWeb can be accessed from a PC even if these are not connected together directly, but via a network (paragraph 3.
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8. 9. Click “Use the following IP address” (Figure 3.c); Set the following parameters: IP address = 172.16.0.2 Subnet mask = 255.255.0.0 10. Click the OK button to close all the windows. C – PROXY INFORMATION The following procedure tells the personal computer to not use the network device called the “proxy” for communication: in fact, the PC is not connected to the network and if the “proxy” is not disabled communication would not be possible. 1. 2. 3. 4. Open the Windows “Control panel”.
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3.1.2 Connection, starting pCOWeb and activating the default network settings (Button) Connection 1. Connect pCOWeb to the Ethernet connector on the PC using a crossover cable (Figure 3.f below). Figure 3.f – pCOWeb - PC connection Starting 2. 3. Switch on the pCO controller. Check that both the indicator LEDs on the pCOWeb connector come on within a few seconds (Figure 2.e on page 9). If this does not occur, see 3.1.3 on page 13.
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3.1.3 LED signals when starting and during normal operation Immediately after reboot, the Status LED and Ethernet LED must come on as described below. If remain both off, check: • the correct installation of pCOWeb on the pCO controller; • the connection of the power supply. The Status LED (pCOWeb status and pCOWeb-pCO communication, see Table 1.a on page 8) behaves as follows immediately after reboot: 1. Remains off for 2 seconds; 2. then flashes quickly green/red for a further 2 seconds; 3.
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3.2 ESTABLISHING A CONNECTION BETWEEN THE PC AND pCOWeb VIA A NETWORK Starting situation: • pCOWeb installed on the pCO controller (see chapter 2 on page 9). NOTE: if the controller is connected to the final installation and is not already on, before switching it on contact the installation manager. • pCOWeb already connected to the Ethernet network; in this case, a standard cable (NOT a crossover cable) is used to connect pCOWeb to the network node.
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Figure 3.l - Disabling the proxy for some IP addresses To ensure compatibility for direct communication, as an alternative to the procedures described above, the PC can be configured so that it responds not only to the IP address already set, but also to a second IP address that is compatible for direct communication with pCOWeb. IMPORTANT In this case, request the support of the network administrator, as any IP address that is assigned to the PC must be previously authorised. pCOWeb +030220471 – rel. 1.
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4 FUNCTIONS This chapter provides a guide to the use of the functions on the pCOWeb. When parameters need to be set, references are made to chapter 8 on page 35. 4.1 WEB SERVER: CUSTOM PAGES The “WEB server” function of the pCOWeb allows a PC running Internet Explorer to display the web pages saved on the pCOWeb.
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5. If a directory called “newdir” was created and the page was loaded into this directory, the address would be: http://10.0.0.145/newdir/example.html IMPORTANT Browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and others create a copy of the pages visited in their cache, and when the page is next called the contents may be loaded from the cache, rather than requesting an update from pCOWeb.
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5. Create a new “Local Browser” (Figure 4.e); a new window will be opened showing the contents of the PC (Figure 4.f below). Then simply drag the directory or files from one window to the other, or alternatively delete the files. IMPORTANT The pCOWeb web server considers: /usr/local/root/ as the root directory; each page must be located inside this directory (or subdirectory). Figure 4.e – SmartFTP: creating a new Local Browser Figure 4.
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6. Alternatively, to use Internet Explorer as the FTP client, type: ftp://httpadmin:fhttpadmin@10.0.0.145/usr/local/root/flash/http Figure 4.h – Using Internet Explorer as the FTP client This solution is not recommended, however, as it is not suitable for copying files from the PC to pCOWeb; in addition, previous versions of Internet Explorer had problems in navigating the memory space outside of the areas used for the HTML pages (configuration files, …). 7.
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in the address field, confirming with Enter and specifying the password, fhttpadmin: Figure 4.j – Using Windows Explorer as the FTP client “Explorer” automatically shows the contents of the /usr/local/root/flash/http/ directory, but does not allow navigation outside of this directory. In this case, files can be transferred from pCOWeb to the PC and vice-versa. 4.
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Example 2 E-mail and FTP PUSH programmed to be sent when digital variable 12 changes from 0→1 and 1→0. 0→1 send both notifications 1→0 send both notifications Analogue and integer variables For analogue and integer variables, the value that crosses a programmable threshold generates an “activation” event; if the threshold plus hysteresis is crossed backwards, a “return” event is generated .
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4.3.2 Generation of the XML file When a notification event occurs, pCOWeb can generate an XML file containing information on the pCOWeb and the values of the pCO variables, which can be sent via FTP or as an e-mail attachment. XML (eXtended Markup Language) is a standard file format for conveying information organised in a diagram; it is recognised by many types of software that manage data that is imported from files.
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2 pCOWeb returns the current value multiplied by 10 (999.
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“SNMP Hosts”: SNMP TRAP recipients (see chapter 6 on page 31). Up to 5 recipients can be specified; to be able to receive SNMP TRAP notifications, at least the first (Host 1) needs to be specified. SETTINGS AVAILABLE: ¾ Hostname: IP address or name of the recipient PC (to use a name, a DNS must be specified, see 8.4.1 on page 39).
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3. Open the window for setting the strings identifying the events for integer and analogue variables (click point 3 in Figure 4.n on page 23). The settings in this window (Figure 4.r) will only be used for e-mail and SNMP TRAP/INFORM messages and will be common to the events generated by all the integer and analogue variables.
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• TOP SECTION – COMMON SETTINGS: General Configuration and Event Handlers (Figure 4.s - right - on page 25) ¾ Events enable: enable all the events generated by variations to the variable. ¾ Trigger: a notification event is generated when there are following variations in the value of the variable: Positive: 0→1; Negative: 1→0; Positive & negative: 0→1 or 1→0; ¾ Trap / E-mail / FTP Push: select one or more types of notification to be sent when the event occurs.
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Type: Analogue Variable: 7 : the settings in window only refer to the analogue variable with index 7. • TOP SECTION – COMMON SETTINGS: General Configuration and Event Handlers (Figure 4.v - right) Paragraph 4.3.1 on page 20 describes the generation of events based on a threshold. Below is the meaning of the settings on the page. Figure 4.v - Events generated by analogue variables ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ • 3. Events enable: enable all the events generated by variations to the variable.
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4.3.5 Scheduled events (generated at time intervals) pCOWeb can be set to generate events for sending notification when a set and repeated time interval expires. PROCEDURE 1. Open the window for setting the scheduled events (click point 7 in Figure 4.n on page 23). Figure 4.x - Scheduled events Type: Scheduled Number: 1: settings for scheduled event 1; overall 40 settings windows are available. SETTINGS AVAILABLE: ¾ Main enable: enable the generation of scheduled events for this window.
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5 LOGGER AND GRAPHS pCOWeb can save the values of max 10 variables sampled at regular time intervals to non-volatile memory (“Logger” function). For one of these variables, pCOWeb can also create a file in .bmp format containing a simple graph of the trend in the values; the graph can then be displayed on a web page. IMPORTANT: the logging function will not start if the date of the pCOWeb is earlier than 01-01-2006. For the date / time settings see 8.6 on page 40. START OR DISPLAY THE RECORDS 1.
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DOWNLOADING THE RECORDS The top section of the page (Figure 5.d below) features the buttons for displaying and downloading the data. ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Update cvs file and graph: manually create the .cvs file (and, if enabled, the .bmp) relating to the current day, so as to acquire all the data saved until that moment; during the update, a window is displayed that shows the activity in progress; the procedure may take around one minute; the window must be closed manually at the end.
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6 SNMP SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used in Ethernet networks for controlling and setting the parameters for the network devices, for example switches and network printers. A complete description of the SNMP protocol is not within the scope of this document. The system integrator, who is usually responsible for setting the various parameters, checking network communication and setting up the supervision system, should know how SNMP works.
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BASIC SNMP COMMANDS The basic SNMP commands used by the NMS manage the variable read/write operations.
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6.3 MIB FILE The objects contained in an SNMP Agent are normally described using a document called the MIB FILE, the format of which is codified by SNMP.
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7 BACNET pCOWeb can recognise queries sent by a supervisor that uses the BACnet protocol (Building Automation Control Networks), in the following two versions: BACnet/IP (Addendum A/Annex J) BACnet Ethernet ISO8802-2 over 8802-3 The two standards use the same physical means for carrying the data (Ethernet RJ-45 network) but differ as regards the different ways the data packets are encoded.
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8 BASIC CONFIGURATION AND AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS pCOWeb features a number of HTML pages for setting the functions. These pages are accessible from a PC. Some settings will be active as soon as they are confirmed, while others, where indicated, require the pCOWeb to be rebooted. 8.1 BACKING UP THE CONFIGURATION OF THE pCOWeb All the settings are saved in special text or binary file in the /usr/local/root/flash/etc/sysconfig directory; to run a backup, simply connect to pCOWeb via FTP (see 4.
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8.2.1 Authentication dialogue box for accessing the Administrator area Following the previous points, an authentication dialogue box is displayed on the PC screen (Figure 8.a on page 35); complete the fields with the access information, then select OK. The default settings are: Username: admin Password: fadmin IMPORTANT • These settings are case sensitive! • The login data can be customised by the user (see 8.8.
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NOTE 1 NOTE 2 NOTE 3 The older versions of the pCO operating systems (BIOS) do not manage the entire range of variables. In this case “U” is shown in the corresponding locations. If all the variables are shown with a “U” there is a problem in communication with the pCO. In this case, check the pCO-pCOWeb communication settings (see 8.
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8.3 GENERAL INFO AND RESTORING THE DEFAULT SITUATION The page shown in Figure 8.g can be opened to display basic information on the pCOWeb and restore the pCOWeb default situation. • View used/free disk space: shows a summary of the space occupied in the user memory (Figure 8.h below); ¾ Size / Used / Avail / Use%: overall size / used / available / % of the user memory space.
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8.4.1 Network configuration This is the most important configuration. Without this, in fact, pCOWeb will not be able to communicate correctly with the Ethernet network. Starting by the main configuration page – Information (Figure 8.b “Configuration”, then click the “Network” tab (Figure 8.j). on page 36), click The page shown in Figure 8.k below is displayed. This page is used to set the following fundamental user network parameters: Figure 8.
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The speed can be set between 300-600-1200-2400-4800-960019200(default)-38400-57600-115200 bit/s and must coincide with the baud rate of the pCO supervisor port, selected on a special screen on the application interface. The default value for pCOWeb is 19200 baud, and can be changed as required. IMPORTANT • The set value will only be used when pCOWeb is next rebooted. • If the speed set for pCOWeb is different from the value set for the pCO, communication will not be possible. Figure 8.
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2. Access the pCOWeb user memory (see 4.2 on page 17) with the “httpadmin” Username, and display the contents of the “/usr/local/root/flash/http/” directory. 3. Copy the “install-plug-xxx” directory and all its contents to the “/usr/local/root/flash/http/” directory on pCOWeb; then press F5 to refresh the page shown in Figure 8.n on page 40, which will then appear as shown in Figure 8.o.
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6. Set the parameters for the Plugin installed, clicking the “Network Time Protocol” link (for the “NTP” Plugin, the configuration page is shown in Figure 8.t). 7. Select the “Install/uninstall plugins” link shown in Figure 8.s on page 41 again to return to the “Install plugins” section; the page will be as shown in Figure 8.u below.
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8.8 PROTECTION AND ACCESS CONTROL 8.8.1 Access rights to the custom HTML pages Access restrictions can be defined to the custom HTML pages: to access these from a web browser (for example Internet Explorer) Username/Password authentication will be required. pCOWeb requires authentication if and only if the directory that contains the html page also contains the special file called: .
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IMPORTANT NOTE The “admin” directory contains the .htpasswd file that is used for authentication to the pCOWeb configuration page contained in /usr/local/root/config/ (see 8.2 on page 35). That directory (read-only) in fact includes a permanent link (name: .htpasswd) to the /usr/local/root/flash/http/admin/.htpasswd file. • To cancel the restriction, access the memory via FTP and delete the following file: /usr/local/root/flash/http/admin/.
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Figure 8.y – Changing the password for the operating system access Usernames “root” USERNAME Access with the “root” identifier is used internally to run critical applications for which the operating system requires special permission; logging in with this Username means there are no restrictions; therefore, it is important to set a Password other than the default “froot” to prevent potentially dangerous outside access.
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• Read/Write by pCOx: is used to read or write the contents of a pCO variable using the page shown in Figure 8.bb below; ¾ Choose the variable: choose the variable to be read or written; IMPORTANT The selection is also common to the write function and only becomes effective after selecting the “Read” button; the “Write” button does not confirm the selection made in the “Choose the variable” section, but rather writes the values shown on line with the “Write” button and highlighted in Figure 8.
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INFORMATION • Every update operation loades only a block per time. • pCOWeb does not check for coherence between the two blocks. • Ther is no need to update both blocks if one of these is already up-to-date. • The order of updates (A then B, or B then A) is indifferent. • An earlier block than the current one can also be loaded. • Currently there is no incompatibility between the versions of the two blocks; for outdated versions check the documents supplied.
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6. To start to write the block to NON-VOLATILE memory select “Proceed and Reboot” (no confirmation is requested). For block A, the effective writing to memory corresponds to the phases in which the Status LED is on steady red; for block B, on the other hand, this corresponds to the phase in which the Status LED alternates red-green, starting some tens of seconds after pressing the button. At the end pCOWeb will be rebooted automatically.
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2. 3. 4. 5. NOTE Click “Provide firmware image”; (see Figure 8.gg below), the page used to choose the block A file will be displayed; select “Upload” to transfer the block to the VOLATILE memory (during this phase the block will only be copied to the VOLATILE memory and checked). When the page showing “Upload result: Ok” is displayed, select “Press here to start immediately”: the file will be written to NON-VOLATILE memory. The end of the procedure will be signalled by the page shown in Figure 8.
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1. 2. Click the “Completely format flashdisk” link shown in Figure 8.ii to regenerate the data structure of the non-volatile memory. Choose: “Yes, please, erase all the flashdisk, all the user configurations and pages will be lost”: all the HTML pages entered by the user and all the Figure 8.ii – Formatting the non-volatile memory 3. configurations will be lost, including the network settings. When next rebooting the button will need to be pressed (see 3.1 on page 10), using the default address 172.16.
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9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS CPU: ARM7 TDMI@74MHz clock Memory: 16MB RAM, 8 MB FLASH (around 3MB available for web pages and user data). Operating system: GNU/LINUX 2.4.21 – file system for the non-volatile user memory: JFFS2 Firmware A1.3.1 – B 1.2.1 Ethernet interface: RJ45 connector for 10BaseT Ethernet; use a class 5 shielded cable, max 100 m. Protocols managed: HTTP (web server: thttpd 1.1) SMTP DHCP FTP DNS SNMP v1 (Net-SNMP 5.0.9) SNMP v2c (Net-SNMP 5.0.
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APPENDIX A MAC ADDRESS - STATIC OR AUTOMATIC IP ADDRESS (DHCP). Each pCOWeb has a MAC address (“Medium Access Control”) that is unique at a worldwide level from all other network devices. In addition, each pCOWeb connected in the data network must be set with a unique IP address. If the network that the pCOWeb is connected to uses the automatic “DHCP” system for assigning the address, a manual setting of the addresses will not be needed.
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APPENDIX B IP ADDRESSES, PROXY SERVER, SUBNET MASK, DNS, GATEWAY IP ADDRESSES RECEPTION A message that reaches a device is accepted if the destination IP address contained in the message coincides with the receiver’s address. TRANSMISSION A PC can send data only to a limited range of IP addresses, called the subnetwork. The definition of the subnet for a given PC depends on the combination [IP address – Subnet mask].
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NOTE In the following examples, to simplify the explanations, it is assumed that the DNS server is located within the network; it must also be remembered that there are no limits to fact whether the DNS server is located within or outside of the network.
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In other words, the valid range (subnet) for the addresses that can be contacted directly from this PC will be: ALL DIRECT IP’s RANGE: Dest IP #1 255. 255. 64. 0 00001010 00000000 01000000 00000000 Dest IP #2 255. 255. 64. 1 00001010 00000000 01000000 00000001 Dest IP #3 255. 255. 64. 2 00001010 00000000 01000000 00000010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dest IP (#8192) 255. 255. 95.
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APPENDIX C APPLICATION - pCO – pCOWeb COMMUNICATION Figure C.a below describes a write request generated by a high level pCOWeb application. Figure C.a - Communication between pCOWeb - pCO atoms REQUEST TO WRITE A VARIABLE FROM pCOWeb TO pCO 1. The variation request (WRITING REQUEST) is not transcribed to the pCOWeb table (comm buffer: var value) but rather is sent directly to the pCO. 2.
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APPENDIX D ArGoSoft: A FREEWARE MAIL SERVER Various SMTP servers are available on the Internet. Below is a description of the ArGoSoft Mail Server freeware (version 1.8.8.9), downloadable at the link: www.argosoft.com/mailserver/. After installation, when first started the screen shown in Figure D.a below is displayed. The “Listening on port …” messages confirm that: • SMTP Server started: the server that pCOWeb will send the messages to is running.
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Figure D.c - ArGoSoft Mail Server: creating a MAILBOX IMPORTANT NOTE When, in Figure 4.p on page 24, the properties are set for sending the e-mail notifications from pCOWeb, if ArGoSoft is used, it is mandatory not to specify the login Username / Password (leave the corresponding fields empty). Even if the pcoweb_heater_pCO@provider1.com MAILBOX is not created, pCOWeb still sends the messages to supervisor@provider2.
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• Enter the information : Figure D.e - ArGoSoft Mail Server: configuring Microsoft Outlook 1 - Name: Supervisor people 2 – E-mail address: supervisor@provider2.com 3 and 4 – Incoming mail server (POP3) and Outgoing mail server (SMTP): name or IP address of the computer where the ArGoSoft server has been installed. NOTE If the computer is different from the one running Outlook, the two computers must be able to exchange data. It is recommended to use the same computer. In this case, enter 127.0.0.
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APPENDIX E FileZilla Server: A FREEWARE FTP SERVER Various FTP servers are available on the Internet. Below is a description of the FileZilla Server freeware (version 0.9.23beta) downloadable at the link: http://sourceforge.net/projects/filezilla/. When installation has been completed, run FileZilla Server and the FileZilla Server Interface application for making the settings: the authentication dialogue box for connection to the server is displayed: select Ok.
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APPENDIX F Trap Receiver: A SIMPLE TRAP / INFORM RECEIVER Various TRAP receivers are available on the Internet. Below is a description of the Trap Receiver freeware (version 5.00) downloadable at the link: http://www.ncomtech.com/trapreceiver.html. After installation, when starting Trap Receiver requires confirmation to start the TrapRcvr service (Figure F.a). When started no configuration is required. Figure F.
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APPENDIX G CAREL TAGS FOR pCOWeb HTML PAGES -THE PW_DEMO.HTML PAGE Each CAREL tag entered on an html page is used to read or modify the pCO controller data or the pCOWeb settings. This makes the html page dynamic, that is, it contains the values of variables. The tags are managed by an internal program on pCOWeb with tag parser functions, called “pcotagfilt”.
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pCOWeb Configuration
Variable Digital 5 value is: <%var(0,1,5)%>
